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Resurgence of exploration Page 92

North Slope ExplorersNorth Slope ExplorersNorth Slope ExplorersNorth Slope ExplorersNorth Slope ExplorersNorth Slope ExplorersNorth Slope ExplorersNorth Slope ExplorersNorth Slope ExplorersNorth Slope ExplorersNorth Slope ExplorersNorth Slope ExplorersNorth Slope ExplorersNorth Slope ExplorersNorth Slope Explorers

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4 Alaska Business Monthly | May 2014 www.akbizmag.com

From the Editor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7Agenda. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67Inside Alaska Business . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133Right Moves. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 136Alaska This Month . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 138Events Calendar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 140What’s Next . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 141Market Squares . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 141Alaska Trends . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142Ad Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 146

ABOUT THE COVERDoyon employee and roustabout Kayla Jonathan works in the pipe shed while exploration well Flat Top 1 is being drilled for ConocoPhillips. The annual Oil & Gas special section begins on page 70.

Cover photo by Judy Patrick, Courtesy of ConocoPhillips Alaska, Inc.

M a y 2 0 1 4

T A B L E O F C O N T E N T S

ARTICLES

DEPARTMENTS

VIEW FROM THE TOP

8 | Clif Burnette, PresidentAlaska Textiles

Compiled by Russ Slaten

ENTREPRENEURS

10 | Lemonade Day AlaskaMaking leaders out of lemons

By Russ Slaten

FISHERIES14 | Boston Seafood Expo

Showcasing the best of AlaskaBy Dimitra Lavrakas

18 | Hard Times for HalibutA cherished Alaska fish stock is depressed as competing fleets sail into new era

By Wesley Loy

FINANCIAL SERVICES22 | Commercial and Industrial Lending

Synonymous with economic growth By Tracy Barbour

TRANSPORTATION42 | Alaska’s Ports, Harbors, and Docks

Integral to commerce and travelBy Tom Anderson

CONSTRUCTION52 | New & Improved Airport Runways

A key lifeline for rural AlaskansBy Paula Cottrell

56 | Construction Project Update

Ramping up for Alaska’s ‘other’ seasonBy Tasha Anderson

INSURANCE26 | Lowering Workers’ Compensation Costs

Getting experience mods to less than 1.00By Tracy Barbour

ENVIRONMENTAL SERVICES30 | Water & Wastewater: North Pole

By Rindi White

HEALTH & MEDICINE36 | Keeping Alaskans Safe is Ultimate Goal

Meeting employer needs with occupational health services

By Vanessa Orr

TRANSPORTATIONINSURANCE

Skagway has the northern most ice free port in North America.

Photo courtesy of the Municipality of Skagway Borough

Heavy equipment staged at CIRI’s project site at Fireweed in Anchorage.

© Russ Slaten

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M a y 2 0 1 4

T A B L E O F C O N T E N T S

special section

Oil & Gas

70 | Alaska LNG Project Gains Momentum

Distance, temperature, and reliability are winning factors

By Larry Persily

78 | Alaska LNG Project and the Pre-FEED, FEED Phases

Early planning, design, engineering key to LNG project success

By Bill White

85 | Flint Hills Refinery Changing hands again

By Mike Bradner

92 | North Slope ExplorersResurgence of exploration

By Russ Slaten

102 | Interior and Northwest Alaska Exploration

Searching for oil and gas in underexplored basins

By Mike Bradner

108 | Indemnity Agreements in Offshore Oil and Gas Contracts

Multiple considerations when drafting and reviewing

By Isaak Hurst

110 | Alaska Business Monthly’s 2014 Oil & Gas Directory

corrections

On pages 22 and 23 in “Path to Prosperity: Extract, Then Add Value” photo captions were omitted. Photos were courtesy of Path to Prosperity (page 22), Steve Helgeson (page 23 far left), and Kevin Skeek (page 23 left).

On page 104 in “Logistics and Scheduling: Alaska’s unique position on the globe” a key fact about Northland Services was incorrectly stated. Northland Services was purchased last fall by Lynden, Inc. not by Alaska Marine Lines; both companies are subsidiaries of Lynden, Inc.

On page 138 in “Geneva Woods: Focusing on patient-centered care” Saharai Thompson was mis-identified in the photo as Vanessa Valadez.

ARTICLES

TELECOM & TECHNOLOGY

62 | Alaska Oil Patch Worksite Options

Meeting the need for connectivityBy Rindi White

HR MATTERS66 | Put Me In Coach!

Great coaching and achieving the balance needed to succeed

By Kevin M. Dee

ENVIRONMENTAL SERVICES68 | Emerging Trends in Environmental Services

Promoting holistic sustainabilityBy Tracy Barbour

Ed Duncan checking

samples in the Great Bear

Petroleum core shack.

Photo courtesy of Great Bear Petroleum

GCI connects the oil patch.

Photo courtesy of GCI 62

92

www.akbizmag.com May 2014 | Alaska Business Monthly 7

Volume 30, Number 5Published by

Alaska Business Publishing Co.Anchorage, Alaska

Vern C. McCorkle, Publisher1991~2009

EDITORIAL STAFF Managing Editor Susan Harrington Associate Editor Russ Slaten Editorial Assistant Tasha Anderson Art Director David Geiger Art Production Linda Shogren Photo Consultant Chris Arend Photo Contributor Judy Patrick

BUSINESS STAFF President Jim Martin VP Sales & Mktg. Charles Bell Senior Account Mgr. Anne Campbell Account Mgr. Bill Morris Survey Administrator Tasha Anderson Accountant & Melinda Schwab Circulation

501 W. Northern Lights Boulevard, Suite 100Anchorage, Alaska 99503-2577

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ALASKA BUSINESS PUBLISHING CO., INC.ALASKA BUSINESS MONTHLY (ISSN 8756-4092) is published monthly by Alaska Business Publishing Co., Inc., 501 W. Northern Lights Boulevard, Suite 100, Anchorage, Alaska 99503-2577; Telephone: (907) 276-4373; Fax: (907) 279-2900, ©2014, Alaska Business Publishing Co. All rights reserved. Subscription Rates: $39.95 a year. Single issues of the Power List are $15 each. Single issues of Alaska Business Monthly are $3.95 each; $4.95 for October, and back issues are $5 each. Send subscription orders and address changes to the Circulation Department, Alaska Business Monthly, PO Box 241288, Anchorage, AK 99524. Please supply both old and new addresses and allow six weeks for change, or update online at www.akbizmag.com. Manuscripts: Send query letter to the Editor. Alaska Business Monthly is not responsible for unsolicited materials. Photocopies: Where necessary, permission is granted by the copyright owner for libraries and others registered with Copyright Clearance Center to photocopy any article herein for $1.35 per copy. Send payments to CCC, 27 Congress Street, Salem, MA 01970. Copying done for other than personal or internal reference use without the expressed permission of Alaska Business Publishing Co., Inc. is prohibited. Address requests for specifi c permission to Managing Editor, Alaska Business Publishing. Online: Alaska Business Monthly is available at www.akbizmag.com/archives, www.thefreelibrary.com/Alaska+Business+Monthly-p2643 and from £ omson Gale. Microfi lm: Alaska Business Monthly is available on microfi lm from University Microfi lms International, 300 North Zeeb Rd., Ann Arbor, MI 48106.

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FROM THE EDITOR

Two stories really stand out as we publish the May issue: “Alaska’s Ports, Harbors, and Docks: Integral to commerce and travel” (page 42) and “New and Improved Airport Runways: A key lifeline

for rural Alaskans” (page 51). Both have the elements of transportation and construction at the forefront. Both get the point across that avia-tion and marine facilities are crucial to the movement of goods and peo-ple across Alaska, and although there are 4,900 miles of paved roads in the state, less than 20 percent of the communities in the state are connected by roads.

With so many communities across the state roadless, I am reminded that for many Alaskans, aviation is the only means of year-round trans-port. Luckily, the federal government keeps sending money to Alaska for airport improvements, and it doesn’t matter if it’s a big airport or a little airport, millions are appropriated every year to bring Alaska’s airports up to federal mandates. Although, at around $20 million per rural airport, the pace of the funds isn’t even close to what it needs to be. However, the Alaska Department of Transportation and Public Fa-cilities works with what is doled out and continues to relocate rural air-ports to bring them into compliance.

Many of Alaska’s roadless communities have a seasonal savior in marine transportation. Maybe a barge will make it once a year, maybe there is year-round marine access, or maybe frequency of marine ac-cess is somewhere in between. The community could be on a river, a lake, or on the coast—Alaska has 33,904 miles of tidal shoreline. The beauty of marine transportation is the savings realized in the transpor-tation costs and the ability to ship larger items than might fi t on the size of planes landing at the majority of rural airports as well as the capacity for shipping a larger volume of goods.

If only there were similarly funded federal mandates covering our rural ports and harbors! The state estimates there are about fi ve hun-dred ports, harbors, and docks in the state, but there are no federal mandates or associated funding for improvements. So, when deciding whether to reinforce an eroding bank to tie up an annual barge or build out a gangway and add new fl oats, the decision might come down to how many people and boats are going to be using the facilities in the long run.

Get ready though, in the coming years Alaska will see billions of dol-lars pouring into the state to develop transportation infrastructure for Arctic resource development and commerce. So don’t miss this month’s stories about ports and airports, or any of the rest of the really great magazine the team at Alaska Business Monthly has put together. Enjoy!

—Susan Harrington, Managing Editor

Ports and Airports:Ports and Airports:Ports and Airports:Funding falls Funding falls Funding falls

short of needsshort of needsshort of needs

View from the Top Compiled by Russ Slaten

Clif Burnette, PresidentAlaska Textiles

ABOVE AND BEYOND: I was drawn to Alaska Textiles because of the opportunities I saw when I walked through the door. A� er running the apparel department for Alaska Commercial Company in Barrow, I came to Alaska Textiles, a company with eight employees and very little direction. I felt if we could defi ne our direction and create new practic-es that take care of our customers with “Above and Beyond Customer Service,” we could be a very successful company. Today we have twenty employees in Anchorage, sixty or so in our manufacturing plant in Edmonton, Kentucky, and sell around the world from our Anchorage Headquarters.

SECRETS TO SUCCESS: When I was a young up and com-ing businessman, I was fortunate to have a mentor by the name of Bernie Brotman. With eighteen young men’s cloth-ing stores in Washington state at the time, Brotman was not only an innovator, but a teacher. He taught me how to build a business with the strong values of trust, integrity, respect, and adaptability. He also made sure that we had our priori-ties straight: “Take care of your health fi rst, family second, and business third, in that order.” Brotman came up with the concept for Costco, and his son Jeff Brotman is a co-founder and chairman of the board.

INNOVATION: Korbana Protective Apparel is a quality Alaska Textiles brand of fl ame resistant clothing designed for Alaska’s North Slope. From Arctic wear to summer wear, we hold a vast line of personal protective equipment for our customers in the oil and gas and utilities industries. With new, innovative designs, Korbana Protective Apparel contin-ues to be the front-runner in bringing the latest technologies in fl ash fi re and arc fl ash safety into the workforce. Our goal

is to identify the needs and concerns of the customer and de-liver the best combination of protection, comfort, and value for each application. One of our latest products is WebSam, a proprietary interactive web-based safety apparel manage-ment system that manages our customers’ apparel program on the employers’ behalf.

WORDS OF ADVICE: I wanted Alaska Textiles to be a place where employees could grow with the company. Tasha Dougherty is a fi ne example of this. She started working part-time in the embroidery room eleven years ago and today is the operations manager. Mary Snare started thirteen years ago as our receptionist and is now the technical/marketing director. Nothing makes me happier than to fi nd a good fi t for the com-pany and the employee. So don’t be so quick to let someone go. � ere may be a better fi t for them in a diff erent role within the company. If not, then help them fi nd a new place to work that better fi ts who they are and what they want to do in life. A company today has to be about continued improvement—not just speaking it, but executing it at all levels.

Were it not for his grandfather’s funeral, Clif Burnette would have been born in Alaska. His family came to the state before he was born in the early 50s,

from Los Angeles. His dad was an Air Traffi c Controller, and Alaska was a great place for a young man to start a career (Burnette thinks it still is). He has three sisters and a brother; his brother and younger sister were both born in Bethel, as he would have been. He lived in Bethel, Nome, Tanana, and Kodiak, where he spent most of his youth. His father retired from the Federal Aviation Administration in 1975 and moved the family to Tacoma, Washington. Burnette always came back in the summers to work in the canaries and later to commercial fi sh, eventually settling back in Alaska.


Compiled by Russ Slaten

ere it not for his grandfather’s funeral, Clif Burnette would have been born in Alaska. His family came to the state before he was born in the early 50s,

from Los Angeles. His dad was an Air Traffi c Controller,

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ENTREPRENEURS

Lemonade Day AlaskaLemonade Day AlaskaLemonade Day AlaskaLemonade Day AlaskaLemonade Day AlaskaLemonade Day AlaskaLemonade Day AlaskaLemonade Day AlaskaLemonade Day AlaskaMaking leaders out of lemons

By Russ Slaten

Growing up from a child to a re-sponsible adult is one of the most exciting and even challenging

transformations in life. Many people remember their fi rst attempt at mak-ing their own money by mowing lawns or washing cars. � e age old children’s business endeavor of opening up a lem-onade stand is brought to the forefront with more than just money on the mind.

“Lemonade Day is a program spread

out over several weeks where kids are learning about budgeting, marketing, giving back to the community, and sav-ing for their future,” says Wells Fargo Community Aff airs Offi cer Dana Rogers.

Lemonade Day Alaska has grown since its inception in 2011 from 941 reg-istered kids, off ered only in Anchorage, to 3,225 registered children statewide in 2013. � is year, Lemonade Day Alaska is Saturday, June 14. Registration began

in April online at alaska.lemonadeday.org. Backpacks with program materials are picked up at sponsoring organiza-tions once registered.

“Last year, 79 percent of the kids chose to donate a portion of their earnings to a charity, and 52 percent decided to open up or deposit money into a savings ac-count, so the lessons are defi nitely getting through to the kids,” says Lemonade Day Development Coordinator Sam Callen.

Ryan and Taylor’s Lemonade Day stand at the Red Apple in Anchorage in 2013.

Photo courtesy of Lemonade Day Alaska


Continued GrowthLemonade Day Alaska was started 2011 in Anchorage by the University of Alaska Center for Economic Development. � e fi rst year saw a total of $149,000 in rev-enue from 941 kids with lemonade stands. � e number of registered kids more than doubled the next year to 2,536, and the UA Center for Economic Development saw the total revenue nearly double to $287,000. Extending Lemonade Day to have a statewide reach caused the major shi� in 2012. � e latest statistics show continued growth with more than 3,000 kids and to-tal revenue of $419,000 last year.

Numbers show that participation by Alaskan kids is growing and that they are learning positive life lessons, but none of it would be possible without the multitude of organizations that volun-teer time and money to the project.

Expanding the Lemonade Day pro-gram into smaller communities outside of Anchorage was typically led by city employees, teachers, and members of lo-cal chambers or nonprofi t groups. In one community, a real estate agent became the Lemonade Day Alaska organizer, says Lemonade Day Program Coordina-

tor Natasha Callen. “It doesn’t necessari-ly have to be someone from an organiza-tion. If you want to bring Lemonade Day to your community, we can help.”

Last year nearly twenty communities participated; that number is expected to grow this year.

Volunteer DrivenWells Fargo donated $25,000 this year to Lemonade Day Alaska, the lead spon-sor for the program. � e money goes to keep Lemonade Day participation free for all students by providing backpacks, workbooks, and materials. Additionally, the money is spent on administrative and marketing costs.

Volunteer businesses also play a ma-jor role in making Lemonade Day a suc-cessful learning tool and community involvement program.

2014 CommunitiesLemonade Day Alaska

� Anchorage� Barrow� Copper River� Fairbanks� Haines� Homer� Kasaan� Kenai� Ketchikan� Kodiak� Nome� Palmer� Pelican� Prince of Wales� Juneau� Seward� Skagway� Soldotna� Wasilla� Wrangell

Contact Natasha Callen at [email protected] or

907-786-6527 to bring Lemonade Day Alaska to your community this year.

“From the most remote parts of Alaska, villages to cities are having Lemonade Day.”

—Sam Callen Development Coordinator, Lemonade Day

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Trust beneficiaries bring unique skills to the workplace. Just ask Mat-Su Regional Medical Center.


“When it comes to Lemonade Day across the country, a program of this scope doesn’t exist,” says Sam Callen. “To cover the number of diff erent com-munities and the geographic distribu-tion that we have is a testament to all the volunteers that we have working on the program.”

Wells Fargo and other banks or cred-it unions, along with companies like Home Depot and Lowe’s, participate as volunteers by providing workshops for kids that want to learn the skills neces-sary in building a successful lemonade stand. Wells Fargo off ers money saving workshops and Home Depot and Lowe’s donate wood and off er stand-building workshops.

“One of our goals is that we inspire some future Wells Fargo bankers,” says

Rogers, “making sure that they appreci-ate the value of the dollar and saving it for the future.”

Business ParticipationAny business has the chance to vol-unteer by hosting a lemonade stand at their place of business, Natasha Callen says. Managers and owners of busi-nesses across the state may add their store, restaurant, or business in any in-dustry to the hosting list. If a youth de-cides they want that store or restaurant, the kids and their guardian talk to the business directly.

“Finding a stand location is one im-portant entrepreneurial lesson for Lem-onade Day, so we step back and let the kids take over,” Natasha Callen says.

Tiff any McMonigle and her two sons,

Ryan and Taylor, ages thirteen and eight, placed their lemonade stand in front of Red Apple Market in Anchor-age and saw a great increase in traffi c a� er moving their stand from a neigh-borhood to a business.

Lemonade Day Alaska spans all sec-tors of the community and the state. Nonprofi ts, schools, churches, govern-ment entities, chambers of commerce, small businesses, and corporations all play a role in “empowering today’s youth to become tomorrow’s entre-preneurs,” Sam Callen says. “From the most remote parts of Alaska, villages to cities are having Lemonade Day.”

Russ Slaten is the Associate Editor for Alaska Business Monthly.

Statistical Yearly Comparison 2011 - 2013

BIG PICTUREMeasurement 2011* 2012** 2013Registered Kids 941 2536 3225# of Cups Sold 91,000 156,000 184,000Total Revenue $149,000 $287,000 $419,000Total to Charity $19,000 $68,000 $95,000

STAND STATSMeasurement 2011* 2012** 2013Avg. Number of Hours Open 4 4 4Avg. Number of Glasses Sold 96 67 76Avg. Selling Price per Glass $1.42 $1.43 $1.75Avg. Total Revenue $158 $123 $173Avg. Total Expenses $51 $46 $81Avg. Profi t $108 $76 $92

LOOK AT LESSONSMeasurement 2011* 2012** 2013Paid Back Investor 69% 73% 81%Opened/Deposited into a Savings Account 25% 52% 52%Avg. Deposit Amount $30 $71 $90Donated to Charity 94% 74% 79%Met Their Goal 56% 75% 79%Plan on Participating Next Year 94% 94% 94%

* 2011 - Program inception year in Anchorage only.** 2012 - First year program was delivered statewide in Alaska.All statistics were compiled from data received from participants via a survey tool.

SOURCE: UACED

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1169400 8.25x10.625 4c.indd 1 1/21/14 10:15 AM


FISHERIES

Boston Seafood ExpoBoston Seafood ExpoBoston Seafood ExpoShowcasing the best

of Alaska

By Dimitra Lavrakas

To get an idea of how huge the inter-national seafood industry is, come to Boston in March. Seafood Expo

North America/Seafood Processing North America is held at the Boston Convention & Exhibition Center, which is the largest exhibition center in the Northeast United States. With 516,000 square feet of exhibi-tion space, the number of booths it packs in is dizzying. It is the largest seafood trade event in North America and is attended by more than nineteen thousand people from more than one hundred countries.

Seafood companies dominate the fl oor, but there are also packaging, con-tainer, and other supplies for the indus-try represented. � ere are even technol-ogy companies off ering applications to trace fi sh from boat to plate.

Come down the escalators and right away the fi rst big banners seen are from Alaska: Icicle, Trident, Peter Pan. While they may be owned by companies out-side of Alaska, their contributions to the state’s economy cannot be denied.

And Alaska has a healthy representa-tion by local fi sherman organizations, mom and pop businesses, regional organizations, and village corpora-tions, as well as companies like Lynden Transport that ship all over the world.

Bering Sea Commodities� e Japanese company, Nippon Suisan Kaisha (Nissui), has a major presence in Alaska, most notably UniSea’s pro-cessing plant and support facilities for workers in Dutch Harbor.

� e multinational company was founded over one hundred years ago by Ichiro Tamura, who pioneered steel-frame trawlers in Japan. Today, several one hundred-plus-foot factory trawlers ply the Bering Sea.

In 2011, the Fukushima earthquake in Japan devastated a large swath of

industrial waterfront, and, at the time, there was concern about how it would aff ect Unisea’s business in Alaska.

“Nissui is doing fi ne,” says West Coast Regional Sales Manager Joe Lis, with Nis-sui subsidiary F.W. Bryce, Inc., the North American sales and marketing company for Nissui’s commodity seafood.

Gifts of Smoked Salmon Created a Thriving Business

Beaming with the pride of creating an award-winning product, Art and Jo Ann Tilgner and their son, Kris, off er up a piece of their Ruby Red Olde World Scottish Style Cold Smoked Sockeye Salmon. � e fi sh is moist with a hint of what they call, “spirits of the Caribbean.” Brined then lightly cold smoked with Alaskan alder, the fi llets are aged during refrigeration and fl ash frozen at their facility in Ninilchik.

“I’m the old gobbler,” says Art, an aviation examiner and former surgeon and general practitioner, standing next to his wife, Jo Ann.

He was the one who nurtured the product for decades.

“I played around with smoked salmon for years and years when we lived in Cor-dova,” Art says. “I made it for friends and family in Alaska and outside, and people kept saying, ‘you should sell this.’”

Good advice.In the Alaska Fisheries Development

Foundation’s (AFDF) 2014 Symphony of Seafood New Products Contest the Tilgners won People’s Choice in the An-chorage Gala and First Place in Smoked Products. With the prizes came an all-paid trip to Boston for the convention.

Although Art perfected the smoked salmon recipe, production involves the whole family: Jo Ann is offi ce manager and also an oncology nurse at South Peninsula Hospital in Homer; Kris runs the physical plant using his many tech-nical skills in electrical, instrumenta-tion, refrigeration, and construction that he employs as an electrician and in-strument technician for ConocoPhillips at its Beluga River Gas Field across Cook Inlet; another son, Robert, is involved in product development and fi lls the many roles needed to keep the operation mov-ing; and daughter Debra Hess is pro-duction supervisor and an expert in the critical steps to get Tilgner’s to market.

Alaska Seafood Boosters AFDF Executive Director Julie Decker has a vision to expand Alaska’s fi sheries through mariculture. In fact, she wants to double Alaska’s seafood industry.

“What needs to be done to push it for-

From left, Kris, Art, and Jo Ann Tilgner, proudly display their award winning smoked salmon.

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ward is not just farming, but also wild fi shery enhancement, and the same with shellfi sh,” says Decker. “Shellfi sh in South-east have been depleted due to otters.”

A seafood species that is attracting new fans is sea cucumbers, which are grown in a hatchery in Seward, she says, alluding to the success of the Alaska salmon enhancement program, which has produced between $110 million and $250 million yearly in ex-vessel value, or value before processing, since 2010.

Since 1978, AFDF has focused on en-hancing the fi shing industry, producing success stories like Alaska surimi, fi sh oil research and development, and backing new seafood products like salmon burg-ers, salmon bacon, and salmon baby food.

“We want to grow the whole idea of mariculture in Alaska,” Decker says.

AFDF also holds the annual Symphony of Seafood contest that highlights new Alaska seafood products like this year’s winners: Ocean Beauty’s Black Pepper and Original Flavor Salmon Jerky; Tri-dent Seafoods’ Wild Alaskan Beer Bat-tered Cod and Redi Grilled Alaskan Pol-lock; Orca Bay Seafoods’ Cod Fillets with Sundried Tomato Pesto; AquaCuisine’s Lit’l Sammies in a Blanket; and of course, Tilgner’s Ruby Red Olde World Scottish Style Cold Smoked Sockeye Salmon.

“It’s a way to showcase the best of Alaska,” says Val Motley, Symphony of Seafoods project manager.

Increasing Seafood Consumption

Alaska Seafood Marketing Institute (ASMI) was also at the conference.

Executive Director Michael Cerne comes to the job from a career in the US Coast Guard in fi sheries, stationed in Kodiak, Ketchikan, and Juneau, and he says, “I enjoyed that a lot.” He also did some consulting with the World Bank and the United Nations.

His goals for the organization, he says, are to continue to partner with in-dustry and open up marketing where it makes sense.

And there’s a pretty daunting quest to separate youth from a diet of fast food.

“We want to increase seafood consump-tion by the younger generation,” he says.

ASMI attends two major marketing venues during the year in Boston and the even larger one in May in Brussels, Bel-gium—the European Seafood Exposition.

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Wasting no time, ASMI was the second presentation in the Master Class Series focused on wild salmon at the demon-stration theater. On the low stage, fi ne examples of Alaska salmon were lined up.

All seats were fi lled by those eager to see Dan Enos, chef and owner of the Oceanaire Seafood Room in Boston, fi l-let salmon and talk about how best to cook it. He was very knowledgeable and took many questions from the audience.

Copper River is King Blessed with the fi rst summer run of king salmon in May, Cordova capitalized on the timing, and in 2004, when the state passed a bill forming regional seafood de-velopment associations, 541 Copper River gillnet fi shermen backed formation in a vote by 78 percent. In 2004, Prince Wil-liam Sound set/gillnetters also joined.

With a 1 percent regional seafood de-velopment assessment tax on the fl eet, the association went about solidifying mar-keting of Copper River salmon, capital-izing on the eff orts thirty years ago by Jon Rowley, a Seattle restaurant and fi sh con-sultant, who fl ew in four hundred pounds of fresh salmon. It was a sensation—still is, with much of the credit going to the Copper River/Prince William Sound Marketing Association for its outstanding job of branding the fi shery so that it’s a legendary product, even in the Lower 48.

“Ultimately, we’d like to have our product placed in higher-end markets,” says fourth-generation, Cordova fi sher-man Jeff Bailey, captain of the FV Miss Margeaux, at the association’s booth.

One observation, a� er thirty years fi sh-ing for Copper River salmon, Bailey re-marked on the sustainability of the fi shery.

“It’s been very consistent,” he says. “No big highs or lows. We’ve managed it pretty well, and we’ve managed it for escapement.”

Copper River Seafoods, with its im-pressive booth walled in with panels of photomurals of a cannery and a map of Alaska, gives a sense of place. � e com-pany off ers a variety of Alaska seafood, including cod, shrimp, crab, halibut, and salmon—out of Cordova, Togiak, Kenai, or Dutch Harbor.

In 2009, it formed a partnership with Togiak Tribal Council and Bristol Bay Economic Development Corporation to harvest and process salmon in Bristol Bay. � e next year, it partnered with

Norton Sound Seafoods at its Unalaska plant to process Bering Sea catch. It also produces something for furry friends.

“Pet treats,” says Billy Green, general manager of Copper River Seafoods’ An-chorage plant. “� ere’ve been a lot of re-calls with pet products and dogs dying, and there’s been an increase in interest in Alaska.”

� e salmon bites, treats, and jerky under the brand names of Wild Sky and Wildcatch are made to human-grade level, he says. Yes, he has tried them.

“� ey’re very tasty,” he says.Standing next to him, Cassandra

Squibb, chief business development of-fi cer, agrees.

Salmon’s ImpactRandy Rice, technical director for ASMI, talked about the impact that salmon fi shing has on the Alaska economy.

Started in 2006 by fi shermen, Bristol Bay Economic Development Corpora-tion is a community development quota corporation representing the villages of Aleknagik, Clarks Point, Dillingham, Egegik, Ekuk, Ekwok, King Salmon, Lev-elock, Manokotak, Naknek, Pilot Point, Port Heiden, Portage Creek, South Na-knek, Togiak, Twin Hills, and Ugashik.

“� e fi shermen voted to tax themselves in order to support our mission,” says Ex-ecutive Director Bob Waldrop. “We have 1,875 permit holders and 5,000 to 6,000 crew. It’s the largest sockeye fi shery in the world. It brings $480 million just to the re-gion, and Bristol Bay brings over 60 percent of Alaska’s sockeye salmon to market.”

Dimitra Lavrakas writes from Alaska and the East Coast. She attended this year’s Seafood Expo in Boston.

The Trident Seafoods large trade booth at the Expo.

© D

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Mikunda, Cottrell & Co. joins BDO

Alaska’s largest CPA fi rm has combined its dedicated professionals and staff with the global resources of BDO USA. With local Alaska knowledge and resources around the world, we look forward to continuing to deliver exceptional service to the people and businesses of Alaska.

© 2014 BDO USA, LLP. All rights reserved.

Jim Hasle, Assurance Office Managing Partner907.770.2275 [email protected]

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SMA 001167 Pub. Alaska Business Monthly Size 8.25 x 10.625 Issue May ‘14Art Director: sd/lg Copywriter: ms Account Executive: wt Date: 03/24/14


FISHERIES

Ask Alaskans to name their fa-vorite fi sh, and most would likely say salmon. But many

might go with halibut. � e big, meaty fl atfi sh is a culinary and economic trea-sure. Halibut supports one of the state’s most valuable commercial fi sheries, and hundreds of charter boats take out tourists and locals alike for the chance to hook a “barn door.”

But these are tough and changing times for Alaska halibut.

� e stock has been in serious decline for years, cutting deeply into commer-cial catch limits. Charter boat captains and their angler clients likewise are feeling the pinch, due to new regula-tions to restrain the charter catch.

� is season ushers in a new era for halibut management with the start of a “catch sharing plan” for the commer-cial and charter fl eets. � e plan is de-signed to end more than two decades of bitter confl ict between the two sectors,

establishing a clear allocation of fi sh for each.

While the catch sharing plan is con-troversial, all involved can agree on one thing: It would be a relief to see the halibut stock recover. Whether that will happen anytime soon is something the scientists are trying to fi gure out.

Deep Cuts“� e days of fi lling the freezer are pret-ty much over for everybody,” says Don-

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By Wesley Loy

Commercial fi shing boat Inua in the Kodiak Harbor.


ald Lane, a Homer commercial fi sher-man and member of the International Pacifi c Halibut Commission (IPHC).

� e IPHC is the bilateral, scientifi c organization that manages the halibut stock all along the western US and Ca-nadian coasts. � e six-member panel has scaled back the halibut catch limit every year for the past decade. � e catch limit for this year is 27.5 million pounds, a 64 percent cut from the peak of 76.5 million pounds in 2004.

Most of the Pacifi c halibut harvest comes from Alaska waters.

� e cuts are painful, but this is a time for conservative management, says Lane, who has fi shed halibut for more than thirty years.

Scientists recently reviewed hali-but data back to the early 1900s. � ey note that halibut remain abundant, and catch limits have been even lower in the past. But “recruitment” of juvenile fi sh into the harvestable stock has been weak lately. Further, halibut are run-ning smaller at a given age.

Smaller halibut translates to a small-er biomass and lower catch limits.

An End to Deadly DerbiesCommercial fi shermen catch halibut by laying strings of baited hooks, called longlines, on the seafl oor.

Not so long ago, the Alaska halibut fi shery operated as a frenzied derby. Scores of boats would put to sea in any kind of weather to compete for the quo-ta in seasons that lasted only a few days.

Boats sank and people died in the race for fi sh. What’s more, the qual-ity of the catch suff ered as millions of pounds of halibut hit the docks all at once, which meant processors had to freeze most of the fi sh.

Lane, sixty, remembers the derby days well.

“It was really crazy, but you know, there were a lot of fi sh around, too,” he says. A good outing was “like winning the Super Bowl.”

Sweeping management reform came in 1995, when the fi shery converted to individual quotas. Under this system, each fi sherman is assigned a set num-ber of pounds he may catch each sea-son. � e size of these individual catch shares fl oats up and down with overall halibut abundance.

While some fi shermen opposed them, individual quotas appear to have been successful. � e need to race is gone. � e season now lasts nine months and much of the catch is sold fresh. Hal-ibut today is one of the more expensive consumer choices in the fi sh case and a regular on the menus of white table-cloth restaurants.

All this has yielded very high dock-side prices for fi shermen, $6 a pound or more, off setting to some degree the pre-cipitous decline in halibut catch limits.

Lane owns a fi � y-nine-foot fi shing boat called the Predator. He says he’s had to slash expenses due to the stock decline. For example, he employs two crewmen now, down from as many as fi ve.

Halibut WarsEven before the stock decline began, commercial halibut fi shermen were fretting over another threat to their fi sh-ery—the rise of the charter boat fl eet.

Charter boats take clients out for a half-day or full day of fi shing. With luck, the anglers go home with awe-some summertime memories plus many pounds of fi ne eating. � e char-ter boats operate predominantly in two regions of the state—Southeast Alaska (also known as regulatory Area 2C) and Southcentral Alaska (Area 3A). � ese areas take in busy ports such as Sitka, Seward, and Homer.

Beginning around 1993, fi shery regu-lators began to hear calls from commer-cial fi shermen to address the “rapid, un-controlled growth” of the charter fl eet.

� is was an aff ront to charter cap-tains, who argued their small business-es were every bit as legitimate as com-mercial fi shing operations. � ey noted the commercial boys were catching the lion’s share of the halibut and should make room for the charter operators.

For years, the charter fl eet operated under “guideline harvest levels.” But the rules lacked teeth when charter catches exceeded these so� limits. � e grow-ing charter harvest ate into commercial quotas. Federal regulators, including the North Pacifi c Fishery Management Council, struggled to fi nd solutions.

At one point, it appeared the charter operators would be awarded individual quotas, similar to those held by com-mercial fi shermen. But this plan stalled out amid intense opposition.

Photo by Wesley Loy

Two commercial fi shermen haul in a halibut.

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Regulators later cut the halibut bag lim-it for charter anglers in Southeast from two fi sh per day to one. And they limited the number of licensed charter boats.

Charter operators fi led lawsuits to challenge these unpopular measures, but were unsuccessful.

The Catch Sharing PlanEff orts continued to try to settle the protracted halibut wars.

� e fi nal product, which takes eff ect this year, is the catch sharing plan. It splits the available halibut between the commercial and charter sectors, and provides for certain restrictions to con-strain the charter catch.

For the 2014 season, the charter fi sh-ery in Area 2C has been allocated 18.3 percent of the combined commercial and charter catch limit. In Area 3A, the charter share is 18.9 percent.

� e one-fi sh bag limit remains in ef-fect for charter boat anglers in Area 2C,

while the limit in Area 3A is one fi sh of any size plus one up to twenty-nine inches long.

So, is the catch sharing plan fair for charter operators?

Many don’t think so.Others are resigned to the new re-

gime, says Heath Hilyard, executive di-rector of SEAGO, the SouthEast Alaska Guides Organization, which represents charter boat operators.

“Our goal is to do the absolute best we can in living under the allocation and have it do as little damage as possible to our industry,” he says. “Let’s get our boats ready and get some hooks in the water.”

All along, charter operators have feared what fi shing restrictions could do to their client bookings. � e real and full impact should become clearer over time.

Further adjustments to Alaska hali-but management could be coming.

Under the catch sharing plan, a char-ter captain may lease commercial quota

to allow his clients to keep up to two halibut of any size per day—the limit for sport anglers in Alaska.

Charter operators aren’t confi dent, how-ever, that this leasing scheme will work.

As an alternative, they’re studying the idea of buying commercial quota to form a “common pool” that could be used to liberalize the charter fi shery areawide.

To fi nance the common pool, charter anglers could pay a surcharge similar to the state king salmon stamp.

� e common pool faces “some sig-nifi cant hurdles,” Hilyard says.

For now, halibut players are anxious to see how the catch sharing plan, sea-son one, turns out.

And everyone is praying the halibut stock bounces back, as more fi sh fl oats all boats.

Journalist Wesley Loy writes from Anchorage.

KAKESITKA

KENAI

HOMER

CRAIG

VALDEZ

SEWARD

NENANA

KODIAK

JUNEAU

HOONAH

HAINES

ANGOON

YAKUTAT

WASILLA

SKAGWAY

PELICAN

KLAWOCK

KASILOF

CORDOVA

WRANGELL

WHITTIER

SOLDOTNA

SELDOVIA

HYDABURG

GUSTAVUS

Moser Bay

NINILCHIK

KETCHIKAN

ANCHORAGE

Alitak Bay

PORT LIONS

PETERSBURG

OLD HARBOR

GLENNALLEN

ELFIN COVE

PORT ALEXANDER

TENAKEE SPRINGS

130°0'0"W

140°0'0"W

140°0'0"W

150°0'0"W

150°0'0"W

60°0'0"N

60°0'0"N

55°0'0"N

55°0'0"N

2C

3A

Regulatory Areas 3A and 2C

3A Pacific Halibut Area Boundaries

100 0 10050 Nautical Miles

3B

Map of halibut regulatory Areas 3A (Southcentral) and 2C (Southeast), in red.

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LENDING LENDING LENDING LENDING LENDING LENDING LENDING LENDING LENDING LENDING LENDING LENDING LENDING LENDING LENDING LENDING LENDING LENDING Synonymous with economic growth

By Tracy Barbour

Alaska’s fi nancial institutions of-fer a wide assortment of indus-trial lending options to support

new and expanding businesses around the state. Th e specifi c types of fi nancing may vary from institution to institu-tion, but they all serve the same pur-pose: to stimulate economic growth.

At many of Alaska’s traditional banks, industrial fi nancing goes beyond large-scale infrastructure projects. It involves the broader category known as commer-cial and industrial (C&I) lending. And the terms commercial and industrial fi nancing are synonymous at most tra-ditional fi nancial institutions in Alaska.

First National Bank Alaska typically makes industrial loans for heavy equip-ment, manufacturing facilities, docks, and shipping terminals. Th is kind of fi nancing diff ers from other commer-cial loans because it oft en entails larger projects or those that tend to be specu-lative, according Stacy Tomuro, a vice president with First National’s Com-mercial Lending Division. For example, if an established company proposed to build a larger manufacturing plant or a completely diff erent type of facility, this could present some uncertainty. Th e reason: It might be diffi cult for the bank to predict how much revenue the project will generate.

In this scenario, the bank would take these elements of risk into consideration and depend on projections and forward-looking assumptions. “In the case of new construction or a ‘start-up’ period, we would want to see if the owner has the capital, or possibly other sources of

income [to access], before the project can generate revenue,” Tomuro says.

First National strives to collect as much information as possible to understand all aspects about the viability of the custom-er’s project. A feasibility study might be in order to support the basic assumptions of the owner, as well as an appraisal. In addition, the bank would require all the standard business and fi nancial infor-mation to understand the company and its capacity to borrow. “We would also be very focused on the owner’s manage-ment structure and experience to assess whether they can successfully implement their plan,” Tomuro says.

Industrial projects may require lon-ger terms—up to twenty years—or customized repayment terms to make the project viable, Tomuro says. Tai-lored repayment terms could include gradually-increasing payments or in-terest-only payments early in the loan. Requiring lower initial payments, To-muro says, can give projects that are in the start-up stage more time to generate income to repay the loan.

On most larger projects where the customer is primarily dependent on the project for loan repayment, First National might seek out loan participa-tions or some type of government guar-antee to minimize its risk. For example, the bank is currently working with a customer on a large energy infrastruc-ture project that involves the Alaska In-dustrial Development and Export Au-thority (AIDEA). “Th e project requires a period of construction start-up before forecasted revenue is generated,” To-

muro says. “Financing for this project would not be possible without AIDEA’s Loan Participation program because the loan repayment is very dependent on the future success of the project.”

AlaskaGrowthCapitalandUSDAB&ILoans

Alaska Growth Capital off ers industrial fi nancing through the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) Business & Industry (B&I) loan pro-gram. Th e USDA B&I loan program is designed to bolster the economies of rural areas—which includes almost all of Alaska, except for Anchorage.

Th e underlying goal of the USDA B&I program is to enhance the economic en-vironment. Th at meshes well with Alaska Growth’s mission to foster economic

Stacy Tomuro, FNBAStacy Tomuro, FNBA


development among Alaska businesses. Alaska Growth, Alaska’s only Business and Industrial Development Corporation, specializes in unique projects, according to Jesse Janssen, vice president of Alaska Growth’s Lending Group. “We like rural markets, unique demographics, and proj-ects off the road system,” he says. “We like to take a creative approach.”

Alaska Growth, a wholly-owned sub-sidiary of Arctic Slope Regional Cor-poration, is a lending and consulting company that works through partners like the USDA to help small business owners and entrepreneurs in rural and urban areas of Alaska. Alaska Growth normally originates USDA B&I loans in the $100,000 to $10 million range. But the company can make exceptions to support loans up to $25 million if the project will have a signifi cant enough impact on the economy, Janssen says.

Th e USDA B&I program can be lev-eraged by cooperatives, corporations, partnerships, for-profi t and nonprofi t businesses, federally recognized tribes, public bodies, and individuals. To be el-igible, the borrower must satisfy one of the following: provide employment; im-prove the economic or environmental climate; promote conservation, devel-opment, and use of water for aquacul-ture; or reduce reliance on nonrenew-able energy resources by encouraging the development and construction of renewable energy systems. Projects in-volved in the USDA B&I program run the gamut, from small retail establish-ments and restaurants to remote lodges and air carriers augmenting their fl eet. “Th e program can be used for almost any industry, as long as the mission and location criteria fi t,” Janssen says.

Alaska Growth frequently partners with local banks, non-traditional lend-ers, and guarantee agencies. In some cases, it can allocate or source new mar-ket tax credits that can facilitate a project. Janssen says Alaska Growth can consider almost any deal—and if it makes sense—off er more feasible terms and take more risk than most banks. “If we can see that the ownership or management is sound and the project has long-term viability, we can look at it,” he adds.

Recently, Alaska Growth provided non-partner fi nancing to help an air carrier in Southwest Alaska augment its fl eet. Th e additional aircraft helped the

carrier re-establish a market where it had previously operated. Th e loan, which was a fi ft een-year term loan for more than $2 million, enabled the carrier to provide service to an underserved area.

IndustrialLendingatWellsFargo

Wells Fargo off ers a wide range of in-dustrial loans and credit lines that es-tablished businesses can use to fi nance everything from equipment purchases and construction to the acquisition of other businesses. Wells Fargo also

provides loans with AIDEA and is a preferred lender for US Small Business Administration (SBA) loan programs. In fact, the bank is Alaska’s No. 1 SBA lender by loan unit volume, accord-ing to Wells Fargo Alaska Commercial Banking Manager Sam Mazzeo.

Equipment fi nancing is an impor-tant component of industrial lending at Wells Fargo. Smaller businesses need-ing to purchase one piece of equipment generally opt for a loan. Larger compa-nies oft en get preapproved for a credit line ahead of time, Mazzeo says, so they

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have the funds available for equipment purchases before they need them.

Th ey can draw on the line through-out the year to augment or replace equipment as needed, which is an op-tion that works well for many busi-nesses, according to Darin Floyd, Well Fargo’s fi rst Alaska-based equipment fi -nance manager. “Typically, the custom-ers have a budget, and they know what their capital expenditures will be over six months,” says Floyd, a seventeen-year commercial lending veteran who is now part of the Wells Fargo Equipment Finance team. “Th ey will anticipate the cash fl ows of what that equipment will generate for them.”

Wells Fargo can also make interim advances to support multiple equipment purchases. Customers can get advances to buy several pieces of equipment over a short period, and then the bank rolls everything into a short-term loan. Nor-mally only interest payments are required on interim advances, and the loan term is structured to coincide with the useful life of the equipment. “Typically, equipment is depreciated over six, seven, or ten years, so we try to match our payment over the life of the equipment,” Floyd says.

On the commercial lending side, Wells Fargo provides terms in the fi ve- to ten-year range, Mazzeo says. He adds that there is virtually no restriction to the amount of fi nancing the bank can off er because additional lenders can be brought in to participate if necessary.

Floyd says much of the bank’s cur-rent equipment lending is related to the

oil and gas, construction, and marine transportation industries. He’s also see-ing fi nancing that involves a lot of val-ue-added fi sheries equipment. “Th ey’re looking for new equipment to modern-ize what they have,” he explains. “A lot of it is directly related to the energy sector. I think it’s all [related to] the re-newed investors on the North Slope.”

Mazzeo attributes much of the in-creased activity with industrial lend-ing to the passage of Senate Bill 21, tax credits, and a heightened sense of optimism. He says: “Th e last fi ve years have been relatively static or moderate in total investment in the North Slope. It was previously put on hold due to the prior tax structure. Th e level of eco-nomic activity that’s going on in Alaska today and planned in the next three years is substantially greater. We’re ex-cited about what has happened.”

Th e increase in economic activity is what prompted Wells Fargo to add Floyd’s new equipment fi nance man-ager position. Th e bank was also en-couraged by SB21, which Mazzeo says “changed the oil tax structure in Alaska and made it more industry-friendly and has provided more incentive for oil and gas companies to invest more money” in the state.

In addition to incorporating Floyd’s job, Wells Fargo recently hired a relation-ship manager trainee, expanded its cred-it analyst team, and added an SBA busi-ness development offi cer in Alaska. “We are optimistic about Alaska’s economy in 2014 and years to come,” Mazzeo says.

Alaska’s fi nancial profession-als offer a wealth of advice to help businesses capital-

ize on industrial fi nancing to sup-port their enterprises.

Jesse Janssen, vice president of Alaska Growth Capital’s lend-ing group, says business owners should keep in mind that fi nancing for industrial projects is often nec-essary for growth. However, those that produce goods should be analyzing their market to see if the environment is changing and if the items they are producing are go-ing to be viable for the long term. Janssen says, “You hate to see someone take on a project that will be obsolete in a few years.”

Key Bank’s Market President in Alaska Brian Nerland’s best coun-sel is to engage a banker long be-fore fi nancing is needed. He says: “Have your historical fi nancial statements ready for both year-end and interim periods, as well as projections that show the sources of future revenue. Some loans re-quire many time-consuming steps, so the more time you have before needing the money, the better.”

The fi nancial experts at Wells Fargo have similar thoughts. Sam Mazzeo, Alaska commercial bank-ing manager, says business own-ers should have a relationship with a bank that can handle all of their needs today and in the future and that relationship should be formed as soon as possible. Floyd feels it’s essential for businesses to an-ticipate their fi nancial needs going forward and get ahead of them. “Anything we can do ahead of time to make that happen will make it a better experience,” he says.

Likewise, Stacy Tomuro, First Na-tional Bank Alaska vice president, recommends planning early and having a business plan supported by as much information as possible. It’s never too early to start talking to prospective banks, he advises.

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Sam Mazzeo, Wells FargoSam Mazzeo, Wells Fargo Darin Floyd, Wells FargoDarin Floyd, Wells Fargo


KeyBankandIndustrialLoansCommercial and industrial loans rep-resent an important line of business for banks and a critical source of funds for business, according to Brian Nerland, KeyBank market president in Alaska.

KeyBank, like many fi nancial institu-tions in Alaska, does not make a distinc-tion between commercial and industrial fi nancing. However, it’s defi nition of C&I loans does not include real estate.

Th e bank off ers short-term loans that can provide working capital for business-es that need help handling fl uctuations in cash fl ow. Longer-term loans are available to help companies acquire assets like ma-chinery and equipment and, sometimes, a new business. KeyBank works with all types of businesses and nonprofi ts that need to borrow money on a short or long-term basis. “Right now, we are processing loans for companies engaged in tourism, service businesses, general contracting, retail, health care, transportation, and oil and gas mining,” Nerland says.

When assisting clients with industri-al fi nancing, KeyBank likes to apply its own version of “relationship banking.” For example, the bank supplied one

client with a purchase card, or P-card, that enabled them to make payments on their card while keeping the amount of the purchases in their account for an additional thirty days. Th e card also provided additional fraud protection.

“We take a holistic approach to cli-ents’ businesses and strive to provide services beyond lending money that can help improve their fi nancial posi-tion,” Nerland says.

Here’s another example of how Key-Bank makes an eff ort to provide creative solutions for customers: Th e bank recently extended a long-term loan to a tourism-re-lated company in need of new equipment and made a short-term line of credit avail-able to cover payroll and daily expenses while the business was waiting to receive payment from a cruise line customer.

KeyBank is a preferred lender for SBA guaranteed loans and can help clients access the SBA 504 Loan Program. Th e bank can also provide fi nancing through the USDA rural loan program, as well as a number of loan programs through AIDEA. In addition, KeyBank recently became a delegated lending authority through the US Export-Import Bank,

the offi cial export credit agency of the United States. “We’re training right now to access programs that will enable Alas-ka businesses to diversify their revenue by exporting,” Nerland says.

Writer Tracy Barbour is a former Alaskan.

Brian Nerland, KeyBankBrian Nerland, KeyBank


Lowering Workers’ Compensation Costs

INSURANCE

Lowering Workers’ Lowering Workers’ Lowering Workers’ Lowering Workers’ Lowering Workers’ Lowering Workers’ Lowering Workers’ Lowering Workers’ Lowering Workers’ Lowering Workers’ Lowering Workers’ Lowering Workers’ Lowering Workers’ Lowering Workers’ Compensation CostsCompensation CostsCompensation CostsCompensation CostsCompensation CostsCompensation CostsCompensation CostsCompensation CostsCompensation CostsCompensation CostsCompensation CostsCompensation CostsCompensation CostsCompensation Costs

Getting experience

mods to less than 1.00

By Tracy Barbour

With the exception of the natu-ral resources and mining in-dustry, Alaska led the nation

in the incidence rates per one hundred full-time workers for total nonfatal oc-cupational injuries and illnesses, ac-cording to the US Department of Labor Bureau of Labor Statistics. It is no won-der Alaska’s employers are paying some of the highest workers’ compensation insurance rates in the country.

However, rates for workers’ com-pensation insurance—commonly re-ferred to as workers’ comp—decreased in Alaska overall this year. Loss costs (rates) on average decreased this year (minus 2.6 percent voluntary and mi-nus 3.1 percent for the assigned risk pool), according to Dave Kester, CPU, a senior account executive with Alaska USA Insurance Brokers. “In fact, on av-erage workers’ compensation loss costs have decreased four out of the past fi ve years, with one year increasing due to benefi t changes contributed by the medical fee schedule,” Kester says.

Michael Monagle, director of the state Division of Workers’ Compensation, says workers’ comp insurance rates dropped about 2.5 percent this year—but he expects the downward trend to shift . In Alaska, as in most states, work-ers’ comp insurance premiums are cy-clical. Rates are rising in other parts of the country, and Monagle envisions the same fate for Alaska. “I think the mar-ket is going to turn here in the next few years, and we’ll see rates go up,” he says. “It’s probably a good time for employ-ers to evaluate this now so when that market turns, they can minimize the impact on their workers’ comp rates.”

HowtheSystemWorksTh ere are a number of strategies busi-nesses can implement to lower their workers’ comp insurance rates. But fi rst, it’s essential to understand how

the workers’ compensation insurance system works and how rates are deter-mined.

Th e Alaska Workers’ Compensation Act requires businesses with at least one employee to carry workers’ comp insurance—unless the employer has been approved as a self-insurer. “Th e Act provides for the payment by em-ployers or their insurance carriers of medical, disability, and reemployment benefi ts to injured workers” if an em-ployee is injured or becomes ill due to the performance of their duties.

In cases involving work-related fa-talities, dependents may be eligible for death benefi ts. Businesses that fail to maintain workers’ comp coverage and/or pay compensation face substantial civil and criminal penalties. Th ey can be fi ned up to $1,000 per employee work day for each day they remain un-

insured, according to Monagle.Many businesses also purchase em-

ployers liability coverage, which pro-tects them if an employee claims that his or her injury/illness was caused by the company’s negligence or failure to provide a safe workplace. Employer’s liability insurance is not required by the Alaska Workers Compensation Act, but most insurers advise their clients to carry it, Monagle says.

Liability coverage off ers broader pro-tection for the employee, as well as the business. “Th e injured worker has the option of being paid benefi ts under the Alaska Workers’ Compensation Act—which 99.9 percent do,” Kester says.

HowPremiumsAreDetermined

Workers’ comp insurance premiums are based on three primary factors: the

SOURCE: Bureau of Labor Statistics, U.S. Department of Labor, Survey of Occupational Injuries and Illnesses in cooperation with participating State agencies.

3.2

4.4

5.4

2.8

2.6

3.4

5.3

4.5

7.7

5.6

1.7

4.7

4.5

2.6

4.0

4.7

1.7

1.4

1.6

3.9

3.3

4.4

3.9

4.0

4.2

3.5

Other Services

Leisure and Hospitality

Educational and Health Services

Professional and Business Services

Financial Activities

Information

Trade, Transportation, Utilities

Service Providing

Manufacturing

Construction

Natural Resources and Mining

Goods Producing

Private Industry

Incidence Rates per 100 Full-time Workers for Total Nonfatal Occupational Injuries and

Illnesses by Industry Sector,Alaska and All United States, 2011

All United States

Alaska

Goods Producing Industries include Natural Resources, and Mining, Construction, and Manufacturing.Service Providing Industries include Trade Transportation and Utilities, Information, Financial Activities, Professional and Business Services, Education and Health Services, Leisure and Hospitality, and Other Services

Insuring Alaska’s Industry

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Celebrating 25 Years in Alaska


size of the employer’s payroll (which can include wages, bonuses, and pay for overtime work, holidays, vacations, and periods of sickness), employee job clas-sifi cations, and the company’s experi-ence modifi er or loss history. Ultimate-ly, the premium is expressed as dollars and cents per $100 of payroll for each job classifi cation code. In Alaska—and most other states—job classifi cation rates and experience modifi ers are de-fi ned by the National Council on Com-pensation Insurance, an independent advisory organization.

Classifi cation codes are three- or four-digit numbers assigned to diff er-ent occupations to indicate the scope of a specifi c employee’s work or duties. Companies oft en have multiple class codes on their workers’ comp policy. A construction business, for example, might have laborers working under class code 0042 and offi ce personnel rated under clerical code 8810.

Each class code represents a group of employers with a similar exposure or type of hazard. Th e greater the risk of injury involved with a job, the higher a company’s workers’ comp insurance premiums tend to be, according to Ken-neth Murray, CEO of Kenneth A. Murray Insurance. “For example, an iron work-er’s rate would be higher compared to an offi ce with all clerical workers,” Murray says, whose Fairbanks-based fi rm has been serving Alaskans since 1939.

Th e experience modifi cation factor, typically referred to as the “mod,” is a numeric representation of a company’s claims history over a certain time. Th e experience mod is based on how a busi-ness compares with others that are in its industry and have similar types of employees. Th e mod serves as an ad-justment factor to the company’s pre-mium—either as a reduction (credit) or increase (debit). For example, a modifi cation of 0.85 translates into a 15 percent credit or savings, while a mod of 1.10 results in a 10 percent debit or additional charge. A credit shows that a company has less than average loss ex-perience, while a debit indicates greater than average loss experience.

An experience mod of 1.00 is the aver-age. So an employer with fewer and less severe accidents than average will have a mod of less than 1.00. A brand new busi-ness typically starts out with a modifi ca-

tion factor of 1.00. Th e mod factor is ad-justed over time based on the company’s track record. “Loss history is worked out by each year on an insured’s work comp policy, so they will have a new experience modifi cation each year,” Murray says.

ImprovingExperienceModifications

Monagle says a critical part of employ-ers improving workers’ comp rates is to know their experience mods. Com-panies also need to work on enhanc-ing their safety record. Here’s why: Al-though medical expenses make up the bulk of an employer’s loss costs, the fre-quency of claims is a key component of workers’ comp rates. Mods take into ac-count the number and rate of accidents in an employer’s claims history. So for instance, a company with one major accident costing $30,000 would have a better rating than another business with fi ve $6,000 claims. Th e reason: Frequent claims are viewed more nega-tively because they indicate a pattern of safety issues in the workplace.

Th e total losses associated with each claim—paid costs plus money held in reserves for future payments—also factor into modifi cation ratings. Ulti-mately, mod experience ratings are cal-culated for each company using claims and payroll data from the three most recently completed years previous to the current year. Th is does not include the policy year that is expiring because the loss data would be too new to prop-erly represent that year.

A business can signifi cantly reduce its workers’ comp rates by getting its experience mod to less than 1.00. Th at’s where occupational training, safety, and wellness programs can help. Com-panies that lack in-house expertise to promote such programs can use outside resources.

Monagle says having a strong stay-at-work/return-to-work program can also help companies shrink workers’ comp rates by lowering costs associated with loss wages. For example, if a worker who is a meat cutter injures his hand, the company could assign other appro-priate duties instead of letting the indi-vidual stay home for four to eight weeks. “It helps to reduce the loss experience of that particular employer because the employee is back at work,” he says.

Some companies are also requiring termination physicals to substanti-ate the health of outgoing employees to avoid bogus future claims. “Th e big thing is reducing the cost of claims by having good safety practices in the working environment and controlling fraud,” Murray says.

OtherWaystoSaveonRatesStrategies for reducing workers’ comp rates also extend beyond controlling loss and practicing workplace safety. Where a company buys insurance also can make a diff erence. In Alaska, insur-ance carriers typically place newer and smaller employers in an assigned risk pool. However, the assigned risk mar-ket has a 20 percent surcharge on pre-miums, according to Monagle.

He encourages businesses—regard-less of their size or longevity—to shop around for the best workers’ comp rates. Employers may be able to earn discounts for their safety program or if they bundle some of their insurance needs. “All insurance companies start at the same base loss costs rates, but they have diff erent expense loads and profi t margins,” Monagle says. “So you should get diff erent quotes.”

Employers should also ensure sub-contractors have proof of their own workers’ comp coverage. Th is can help the company avoid getting extra fees tacked onto their policy to cover the subcontractor.

Companies can also take a closer look at their payroll to reduce their workers’ comp rates. Th ey should make sure all their employees are properly classifi ed with codes that accurately refl ect the scope of their duties. Th is step alone can mean thousands of dollars diff er-ence in the annual premium required for some occupations.

As general advice, Kester encourages businesses to exercise good hiring prac-tices and hold supervisors accountable for safety and reducing time loss inju-ries. Larger companies, in particular, may conduct drug testing, off er safety incentive awards, and negotiate with providers for functional capacity evalu-ations and other medical services.


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ENVIRONMENTAL SERVICES

Water and wastewater are some of the most expensive utilities to provide and the most vital to keep a community healthy.

� e American Council for an Energy-Effi cient Economy says municipal water and wastewater treatment systems “are among the most energy-intensive facilities owned and operated by local governments, account-ing for about 35 percent of energy used by municipalities.”

In Alaska, costs can be even higher than those national averages, especially in rural and remote communities where groundwater is brackish or soils unsuitable for building wastewater treatment facilities.

But what’s happening with water and wastewater in Alaska’s urban areas? Are wa-ter utilities much diff erent than outside the state? What are the issues facing Alaska’s utility providers? Since last fall, Alaska Busi-ness Monthly readers have been learning about utilities in Alaska’s major population centers—and utilities provided to industrial users—and fi nding out how each community is preparing for the future. As part of the con-tinuing series, this month we invite readers to learn about North Pole.

Amid talk of losing dozens of jobs and a major Interior Alaska jet fuel provider, a few eff ects of

the closure of the Flint Hills Resources North Pole refi nery have gone largely unnoticed, namely the eff ect on the city of North Pole.

Flint Hills is the city’s largest indus-trial customer for the North Pole waste-water treatment plant, providing about 20 percent of the incoming wastewater to the system and a signifi cant amount of associated revenue.

North Pole Director of City Services Bill Butler says it’s impossible to tell how the reduction in fl ow, which will happen over the spring and summer, will aff ect the city’s open-air, non-me-chanical wastewater treatment facility. Flint Hills spokesman Jeff Cook, via email, says closures will happen over the course of a month.

“Our extraction unit that produces gasoline will be shut down on May 1, 2014, and the balance of the refi nery that produces other products will be

shut down no later than June 1, 2014,” Cook writes.

“Without Flint Hills… we have the potential to lose 20 percent of our in-come on the wastewater side, and that’s signifi cant,” Butler says.

In addition to paying the same rates any city wastewater customer pays, Butler says Flint Hills pays an extra surcharge because it’s an industrial customer. It’s not a lot—four-tenths of a cent per gallon of water—but the sur-charge money goes into a special fund for capital repairs. Without it, the city will be more at the mercy of state and federal funding restrictions when it needs to pay for improvements.

North Pole Mayor Bryce Ward says the city is lobbying legislators to work something out that will allow Flint Hills to sell the refi nery to another operator. Currently, Flint Hills is seek-ing operators for the facility, but Cook says there will defi nitely be a gap in time between Flint Hills’ closure this summer and the time a new operator

By Rindi White

Green sand fi lters in the City of North Pole water treatment plant.

Photo courtesy of the City of North Pole

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begins operations—if a new operator is found.

In a nutshell, the closure stems in part from cleanup costs associated with a sulfolane plume from Flint Hills’ property. Flint Hills has argued that the former owner of the site, Williams, is responsible for the cleanup because the spill occurred when they owned the property. Th ey also allege that the state shares liability because the state owned the property for one week between the time that Williams owned it and Flint Hills purchased it. With the cleanup is-sue unresolved, many have said it will be diffi cult to fi nd a new buyer.

Th e state and Flint Hills exchanged letters in early March, in which Alaska Governor Sean Parnell said the state would hold Flint Hills liable for the sul-folane cleanup and not a new buyer of the property. But Brad Razook, CEO of Flint Hills, responded in a letter stating Flint Hills could not sell under Parnell’s arrangement because it would make Flint Hills potentially liable for any fu-ture spills on the property. In March, Flint Hills had requested an appeal of the state’s cleanup standard.

A worker last summer relines city sewer pipe with a fl exible new liner that, when fi lled with hot water, hardens to a plastic-like, non-porous material. The new liner allowed the city to solve a problem of leaking, porous pipes at less than half the cost of digging new lines.

Photo courtesy of the City of North Pole

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ASmallUtilityServingaFewBigCustomers

Most North Pole water and wastewater customers are businesses and residents. Butler says the city has about 650 ac-counts, serving commercial, residen-tial, and multi-family customers. About 75 percent of the city’s roughly 2,200 people have access to city sewer and water, he says.

But unlike most small-town waste-water utilities, North Pole holds a per-mit from the state Department of En-vironmental Conservation to accept industrial wastewater so it can act as a repository for wastewater from Flint Hills, Golden Valley Electric Associa-tion, and Petro Star, Inc. Th e extra layer of permitting means the city pays a lot more for in-depth tests of the water it discharges—everything from arsenic to zinc is tested for, Butler says.

“Th at adds a signifi cant cost to our operations,” Butler says. “We have to test for a full range of industrial chemicals.”

Each of the three industrial users has a discharge permit issued by the city. Th e permits allow the city to set lim-its on what can be included in waste-water, he says. Flint Hills is permitted to discharge certain levels of arsenic, cadmium, chromium, copper, cyanide, lead, mercury, nickel, oil and grease, selenium, silver, sulfolane, and zinc. Petro Star, the North Pole refi nery that produces about 22,000 barrels per day of kerosene, diesel, and jet fuels, has a permit nearly identical to Flint Hills. Golden Valley’s permit is the same, ex-cept it does not include sulfolane.

Butler estimates about 95 percent of the industrial wastewater discharge, be-tween 40,000 and 80,000 gallons a day of

the city’s average fl ow of 350,000 gallons per day, comes from Flint Hills. Golden Valley contributes about 3 percent, he says, and Petro Star about 2 percent.

Th e water and wastewater treatment fa-cility is run by an enterprise fund, Butler says. Essentially, it’s a way for city govern-ments to operate utilities such as water and wastewater service, like small busi-nesses, with the goal that the enterprise pays for itself. Butler says the revenue supports operations but is not enough to pay for capital projects, like a $2.2 million project last year to reline failing sewer mains. For capital projects, North Pole, like many other municipalities, relies on state and federal grant funding.

AllBiologicalintheFarNorthButler says the city operates one of the farthest-north open-air wastewater treatment facilities in the state.

“It’s a pretty passive process. All we do is aerate it,” Butler says.

Under its permit, North Pole can treat up to 500,000 gallons of wastewater per day. Use typically runs in the 350,000 gallons per day range, with seasonal in-creases due to runoff entering the sys-tem via manhole covers.

North Pole is a relatively fl at city, so But-ler says most wastewater travels through more than one of the city’s thirteen lift stations before reaching the treatment facility. Lift stations have shredders that tear large pieces of waste to bits before it gets to the facility, he says, so large screens for waste and grit are not needed.

As the raw sewage fl ows into the facil-ity, it goes directly into the fi rst of four treatment ponds. Th e ponds are the size of Olympic-sized swimming pools and each holds about 5 million gallons,

Butler says. Th e fi rst pond has the most aeration, or bubbles, being injected into the waste to help bacteria break it down. Th e solids drip out and settle on the bot-tom of the pond, and the treated water fl ows into the next pond. More aeration, more dripping, and then it fl ows on to the next one. Most of the treatment hap-pens in the fi rst two ponds, Butler says; by the time the wastewater reaches the fi nal two ponds, it’s being polished and treated for release. Th e whole process takes about eighty days, he says.

Th e treated water discharges into a small side channel of the Tanana River. But Butler says the channel, which has served as the city’s discharge area for twenty-fi ve years, has twice gone dry in the last eighteen months. Th e city is working with the state Department of Environmental Conservation to fi nd a solution.

Th e city’s location just south and east of Fairbanks in the Interior guarantees a harsh winter and brief but generally sunny summer. Butler says the lagoons generally freeze over in the winter but do not freeze solid.

“It does develop an ice cover that keeps some of the heat in,” Butler says.

High-TechLiningGivesNewLifetoOldLines

Last year the city spent $2.2 million to reline old sewer lines. Butler says the old lines, installed in the 1970s, were made of Techite, a cement product with fi berglass fi bers embedded in the pipe. Over decades, the pipe became prone to cracking and leaking. Th e leaks allowed groundwater to fl ow into the wastewa-ter discharge, meaning the city was pro-cessing a lot more water than necessary.

An aerial view shows the City of North Pole’s four

outdoor wastewater treatment lagoons.

Wastewater comes in the lower left pond and cycles

counter-clockwise. The fourth lagoon,

on the bottom right, discharges into

a channel of the Tanana River.

Photo courtesy of City of North Pole


Instead of digging up and replacing the roughly seven thousand feet of aging pipe, most of which was located in the oldest part of the city, a less expensive solution was found. Butler says workers pulled a sock-like material, impregnat-ed with a resin, through the sewer lines. The lines were pumped full of hot water, which caused a chemical reaction turn-ing the pliable resin into a hard, plastic-like material.

“We estimated if we had had to ex-cavate and replace the pipe, the cost would have been more than $5 million,” Butler says, and residents would have lost service for days at a time.

“This way, people didn’t lose sewer service for more than a few hours. They relined it from manhole to manhole,” he says.

NewWellsServingtheCityFlint Hills is the city’s largest wastewa-ter customer, but the company has also played a major role in the city’s water system. In 2009, significant levels of sulfolane were detected at the refinery’s boundary. Further testing detected sul-folane in the city water wells and in sev-eral residential water wells.

Butler says initial testing of city wells showed the presence of sulfolane but at less than 5 parts per billion, or ppb.

“On the side that went out to the pub-lic, there was no sulfolane,” Butler says.

But Flint Hills “made a commitment to the city that there would be no con-tamination,” he says, so the company drilled two new wells, between 140 and 160 feet deep and about a mile away, well outside the sulfolane plume, in 2011 and turned them over to the city. The cost for the wells, including the engineering, piping, road repairs asso-ciated with digging the lines, and well houses, was about $4.4 million. The city

“We estimated if we had had to excavate and replace the pipe, the cost would have been more than $5 million. This way, people didn’t lose sewer service for more than a few hours. They relined it from manhole to manhole.”

—Bill Butler Director of City Services, North Pole

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did not pay for any of that, Butler says. Ward says Flint Hills has agreed to con-tinue testing the wells into the future, and will make further testing a require-ment of ownership if the refi nery sells.

WaterontheMoveTh e city might be able to process waste in open-air lagoons, but its water sys-tem is a nod to its location. Each water hook-up in the city has two lines, al-lowing water to continually circulate. Pumps throughout the city keep water moving, and boilers run from around November to late spring in an eff ort to

keep the water above freezing. “Th e heating cost is signifi cant. Half

of the heating fuel cost of the Munici-pality of North Pole goes to heat the wa-ter in the treatment plant,” Butler says. Th e amount the city budgeted for heat-ing fuel at the water treatment plant is $70,000, he says.

Th e city is counting on a plan to bring natural gas to North Pole as part of a gas line from the North Slope to help cut costs, he says.

“If that does come, it could be a sig-nifi cant savings of energy not just for us but for everyone in the area,” he says.

FlintHillsImpactsExtendBeyondCityUtilities

Ward says Flint Hills was a good partner when sulfolane was found in municipal wells. Other companies may have forced the issue to go through litigation instead of shouldering the responsibility despite questions about who should be held liable.

“Instead, they got out there and de-cided to get clean water for city resi-dents,” he says.

But the city faces other liabilities be-cause of the sulfolane spill, which con-taminated many properties within the city. Ward says future development and expansion of properties within the sul-folane plume may be limited.

“What’s going to happen to those properties that do not have water right now, but may be developed in the next year or ten years and… need clean wa-ter? Who’s going to pay for that?” he asks.

North Pole is one of the fastest grow-ing spots in the Fairbanks-North Star Borough, Ward says, and aff ordable land is part of the reason.

Ward says, “when you have an issue like the sulfolane—when you have folks who want to develop the property but will have to pay for the treatment—it de-incentivizes people who might want to move here.”

Rindi White is a freelance journalist living in Palmer.

Above: Flint Hills Refi nery in red.Left: Sulfolane zone in green.

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HEALTH & MEDICINE

Meeting employer needs with occupational health services

By Vanessa Orr

Imagine being on the road beside a truck driver suff ering from sleep apnea, or getting on a plane with a pilot who took drugs before the fl ight, or working around heavy ma-

chinery with a coworker who cannot hear warning alarms.When a person is not fi t for a job, that person is not the only

one who suff ers—other employees, employers, and even the general public risk consequences as well. To lessen the danger, many companies are required by state and federal regulations

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Fit for Duty testing has the individual performing a variety of tasks that will be regular and routine tasks performed on the job. These range from demonstrating the ability to safely secure a harness and climb a ladder to testing the dexterity of the individual and his or her ability to perform such tasks overhead, while kneeling, or in a confi ned space.


to make sure that their employees are fi t for work, and that they are tested to determine their capabilities for specifi c positions. Some companies are even go-ing so far as to have employees tested for certain jobs when they are not required to do so by regulation in order to reduce the chance of liability and workers’ com-pensation claims.

“Employers are interested in main-taining a safe working environment by employing those qualifi ed to perform the position safely,” explains Amanda John-son, director of Clinical and Training Services, Beacon Occupational Health and Safety Services. “We perform pre-employment and annual screenings on a variety of employees, including those who are governed by regulations and requirements that include Department of Transportation (DOT) and Occupa-tional Safety and Health Administration (OSHA)-covered positions, as well as non-regulated positions.”

Beacon’s clients range from banks, car-go carriers, and construction companies to DOT-covered positions in aviation, on motor carriers, and on the pipeline, among others.

State,Federal,andIndustryRequirements

According to the US Department of Labor Occupational Safety and Health Administration, the State of Alaska ex-ercises safety and health jurisdiction over most private sector employers in the state and over public sector employ-ers other than the federal government. Depending on the industry, the Alaska Occupational Safety and Health Pro-gram (AKOSH) provides standards and regulations for employers to follow to ensure employee safety.

“Th ere are certain vertical standards, such as those for lead exposure, which have very strict requirements,” explains AKOSH Industrial Hygienist John E. King. “In addition to following explicit written instructions, employers may be required to have employees undergo medical testing to continuously monitor the levels of lead in the blood. If these levels are over the limit, that employee must either reduce the amount of time that he or she is exposed on the job or be taken off of that particular job.”

OSHA regulations also include a Re-spiratory Protection Program designed

to provide a safe environment for those who may breathe air contaminated with harmful dusts, fumes, vapors, and more.

“A physician must preside over a fi t test to make sure that the person do-ing the job is not breathing impaired; that person must be able to overcome the negative pressure seal against his face that is caused by a mask, which is something that a person with a breath-ing problem can’t do,” says King.

OSHA also has “emphasis” programs, which the state follows, that have recent-ly included focuses on chromium VI, a carcinogen produced in welding; silica, a dust oft en found in construction; and isocyanates, which are present in paint and polyurethane foam insulation at construction sites or in auto body shops.

Other contaminants of concern in Alaska are benzene in the oil industry, which can cause leukemia; hydrogen sulfi de found in sewer systems and on the North Slope; ammonia found in refrigerated systems at seafood pro-cessing plants; and hydrogen cyanide, which can result from a polyurethane foam insulation fi re at a construction site or within mills at mining sites.


Pre-employment and annual screenings

include a series of lab

screenings. CMP (comprehensive

metabolic panel), CBC (complete

blood count), lead, and zinc

are most common.

Photo courtesy of Beacon Occupational

Health and Safety Services

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“In addition to health standards, there are also safety standards that address how employers should conduct the workplace, based on recognized and generally ac-cepted good engineering practices,” says King. “Th ese standards are constantly evolving—sometimes they are equal to OSHA standards, and sometimes they are behind or even ahead of OSHA standards.

“Th e safety culture is gradually improv-ing due to the fact that insurance compa-nies are demanding these improvements when auditing the companies that they cover,” he adds, “as well as by growing ac-ceptance by industry that a strong safety culture is an integral part of policy, and the eff orts by government organizations such as OSHA and CDC [Centers for Dis-ease Control] to educate and enforce.”

TypesofOccupationalTestingJust as there are many diff erent types of jobs, there are many diff erent types of occupational testing. Even before an employee is hired, testing may be re-quired to determine if that person can meet the demands of a specifi c position.

“In the past couple of years, Beacon has seen an increase in non-regulated

testing to include a Fit for Duty assess-ment,” says Johnson.

Beacon partners with Worksaver, a na-tionally recognized program, in which employer-specifi c job validations are completed for each position, and testing is monitored by a physical therapist.

Beacon creates a testing environment that simulates the requirements of the position.

“Testing might include climbing stairs while carrying a tool bag, lift ing a vari-ety of weight or objects multiple times,

climbing a ladder in full Arctic gear, or shoveling gravel,” says Johnson. “Th e test evaluates the potential employee on a variety of areas to include their cardio-vascular endurance and musculoskeletal system, as well as strength.”

For many companies who have person-nel in remote areas, it is especially impor-tant to determine if new hires will be up to the task before they arrive on site.

“Beacon tests maintenance person-nel and operators, as well as cooks and housekeepers to validate that they are fi t

Drug and alcohol screenings include a series of steps to prepare the specimen for processing. Here the donor is witnessing the collector transfer the specimen from the cup to the specimen bottle to be sealed and shipped for processing.

Photo courtesy of Beacon Occupational Health and Safety Services

LOCALLY OWNED FOR OVER 40 YEARS!(907) 279-8486 • 1(888) 382-8486

• General Medicine• Immediate Care• Aesthetic Services• Women’s Health• Men’s Health

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Our patients always see a doctorHOURS: Monday-Friday 7:30am - 6:00pm

Saturday 9:00am - 4:00pm

Same Day & Walk In Appointments Available

Voted Best of Alaskafor 2009 - 2013

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for duty,” says Johnson. “In some environ-ments, a housekeeper may be doing hun-dreds of loads of laundry a day or a cook may be slicing thousands of tomatoes for sandwiches on a single shift . It is impor-tant to make sure that those people can meet the minimum lift ing requirements and have the necessary grip and hand strength to safely perform the job tasks.”

Johnson added that companies are choosing to make these investments in pre-employment screenings to manage and reduce workers’ comp claims from preventable on-the-job injuries.

Beacon also off ers functional capac-ity evaluations, as well as performs physicals, respirator medical approvals, pulmonary function tests, fi t tests, au-diograms, and DOT and non-DOT drug and alcohol testing.

“We’ve recently seen an increase in drug and alcohol testing to include hair follicle testing,” says Johnson. “Hair testing re-veals usage much further back; while a urine test will show usage from the past three to fi ve days, a hair test can show us-age from the past thirty to sixty days.”

While many employees are required to obtain testing by their employers,

Beacon sees many self-directed indi-viduals as well.

“Many times, prospective employees are expected to maintain a DOT medi-cal card to be eligible for employment,” says Johnson. “Th ey maintain these re-quirements to increase their chances of receiving a job off er based on their cur-rent credentials.”

Elizabeth Kohnen, MD, MPH, MRO, co-owner/partner of Alaska Occupation-al Health in Fairbanks, believes that oc-cupational health testing provides a ben-efi t for both employees and employers.

“Occupational medicine makes sure that employees are not exposed to un-necessary hazards like noise or chemi-cals, bacteria, viruses, cold stress, re-petitive motion injuries, and more; it provides protection,” Kohnen says. “It also protects companies from having people work for them who will be in-jured and make workers’ comp claims.”

Th e majority of clients that Alaska Occupational Health sees are those who need administrative exams for expo-sure or possible exposures.

“We provide exams for those working in environments above certain noise

levels and medical evaluations before employees are fi t with respirators,” Kohnen explains. “We also provide hazmat evaluations—before and dur-ing work responses, as well as provide exams for drivers holding CDLs.”

More specifi c testing and treatment includes providing pilot exams for the FAA, inoculating laboratory workers at the university with rabies vaccinations, and testing scuba divers conducting underwater research to ensure they are safe to dive.

While many of these exams can be given by general practitioners, a num-ber of the tests require that physicians be certifi ed in specifi c areas, including FAA exams. In April of 2014, certifi ca-tion will also be required for practitio-ners who provide CDL testing.

“Pilots are used to having to use certi-fi ed testers, but this will be a big hassle for drivers,” Kohnen says. “Th e CDL change will aff ect a huge number of people—the whole trucking industry, in fact. Th e test will cost more for them, because we now have to pay to get training.”

While inconvenient, this change may help to prevent accidents down the line.

torn aclOutpatient knee surgery, 1996 sleep apnea

Diagnosed and treated, 2004

ankle reconstruction

Outpatient ankle surgery, 1997

pulled levatorExtended physical therapy, 1992

“If FMH isn’t on our speed dial, it should be. Over the years, we’ve logged a lot of time there. We’re lucky to

have a hospital of that quality - and Denali Center - right here. We’ve never felt like we had to go outside

to get the best care possible.

You can’t raise a big family here, and feel comfortable, without FMH. And we need a big

family, to help run the business.”

- Gary Wilken fmhdc.com

community-owned


employees. Th ey identifi ed 18 imminent danger situations, 8,590 serious hazards, 735 other-than-serious hazards, and 154 regulatory violations of OSHA standards.

Beacon also provides remote medical, safety, and training services. Th eir train-ing division trained more than ten thou-sand students in 2013 at their Anchorage, Kenai, and Deadhorse facilities. Training off erings range from the North Slope Training Cooperative course to Hazwop-er and CPR/First Aid, as well as aircraft fi re and rescue training, confi ned space entry, and fall protection classes.

While companies are required to fol-low many regulations to keep their em-ployees safe, the fact is, it benefi ts them in the long run.

King says, “Not only does it improve employee morale, but it is so costly to have an occupational injury that it makes much more sense to spend less money to comply with industry and OSHA standards.”

Vanessa Orr is the former editor of the Capital Weekly in Juneau.

“Oft en, these types of changes are driv-en by legislative pressure—there’s been an accident somewhere, and the Legislature decides that the rules need to be stricter. While the FAA has been very strict for quite a while, the driver’s exam has been loosey-goosey until now. A number of people would doctor shop until they got a medical certifi cate—which means that there are some very unqualifi ed people being given CDLs,” Kohnen says.

PreventingAccidentsintheWorkplace

With the right amount of training and safety measures in place, many acci-dents can be avoided. Companies who want to be proactive can sign up with AKOSH to have their sites inspected as a way to determine what needs to be done to keep employees safe.

“While some companies will call us because the enforcement division has gone to their site and they are required to have a mandatory consultation to reduce their fi nes, the majority of the people we see are genuinely concerned and know that their program is not organized enough to keep their people adequately protected,” says King.

Once contacted, a health inspector and a safety inspector will visit the company’s location and walk through the entire site.

“Th e health person is focused on things like air contaminants and the cu-mulative eff ects of low-level exposure,” says King. “Th e safety person is con-cerned with hazards that could cause an employee to get electrocuted, or to fall, or to get a hand chopped off .”

In addition to visiting the site, AKOSH interviews the employer and employees to determine concerns.

“We then write up ‘hazard IDs’ as to what we found as it relates to OSHA stan-dards,” says King, adding that the business receives a full written report at a later date.

“Th ere might be fi ve or ten hazard IDs that the company can correct in a month,” he says. “But they do have the right to ask for an extension, especially if the fi x requires them to buy a big piece of equipment, for example. In the mean-time, they are required to take interim measures to keep their employees safe.”

Between federal fi scal years 2009 and 2013, AKOSH provided 2,424 consulta-tion visits and trained at least 13,914


TRANSPORTATION

When singer Otis Redding and guitarist Steve Cropper penned their soulful melody

with the iconic chorus “I’m sittin’ on the dock of the bay, wastin’ time,” they defi -nitely weren’t referring to the Alaskan men and women who keep the state’s harbors, ports, and docks operational.

Management of water access infra-structure is no easy task. As capital monies and legislative purse strings tighten, commercial and government agencies that oversee ports, harbors, and docks are feeling the pinch. Many managers are fi nding it necessary to balance waning legislative funding with the ebb and fl ow of customers and tour-ists who pay for the facilities’ services.

Th e good news is that the majority of Alaskans and tourists, whether com-muters and passengers, pleasure boat-

ers, commercial and sport fi shermen, or shippers of cargo and freight, seem to recognize that accessible waterways benefi ts everyone.

WaterMattersTake a look at the entire nation’s sur-face water and you will fi nd that Alaska holds more than 40 percent of the US total.

Th e Alaska Department of Natural Resources Mining, Land & Water Divi-sion states that when it comes to rain, an average of 1.05 million gallons of precipitation per day falls in the state.

What is even more impressive is the fact that the state has more than 3 million lakes (sorry Minnesota), over twelve thousand rivers, thousands of creeks and streams, and over one hun-dred thousand glaciers. Th e Yukon,

Kuskokwim, and Copper rivers are in the top ten list for the nation’s largest rivers. All in all, whether dealing with travel or commerce, Alaska is as much about water as it is about land, moun-tains, trees, and air.

Th e Alaska Association of Har-bormasters and Port Administrators (AAHPA) is the trade organization for the commercial and non-commercial marine industry. Municipal and non-profi t members exchange information relating to maintenance, operations, safety, enforcement, and regulations.

“We have thirty-seven port and har-bor management members throughout the state who represent their respective communities,” says Kim Erickson with AAHPA. “Fortunately they are engaged and active in the association, which makes us more eff ective when dealing

A small portion of construction materials for the water and sewer project for Emmonak. There was no more room at the Emmonak dock, located near the mouth of the Yukon River, so a new staging area had to be permitted before delivery.

Photo courtesy of the City of Emmonak

Integral to commerce and travel

By Tom Anderson

Photo courtesy of the City of Emmonak

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Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and 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Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and 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Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and 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Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and Docks Harbors, and 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with policies and budgets for new proj-ects. We actively advocate for legislative funding from the State Legislature ev-ery year to ensure needed projects keep getting completed.”

The AAHPA holds an annual con-ference and pays deference to the size of the state by holding the venue in a different member’s location each year. One reason this is done is so harbor administrators can learn about their peers’ operations and processes while boosting the local economy in which the event is held. Solidarity in fund-ing requests is also a target, yet there is a sense of self-preservation that also flows through each community’s proj-ect requests.

The 2014 AAHPA Annual conference will be held October 13-17 in Ketchi-kan.

What’stheDifference?Alaska may be large, and its water in-tegral, but the nomenclature for access methods bounces across the spectrum of size and shape.

Take, for example, a port. This is a location along a shore or coast with at least one harbor where marine vessels can dock and transfer people or cargo from and to land. The harbor is a body of water that is deep enough and pro-tected so as to offer anchorage for ma-rine vessels. Then there is a dock.

The term “dock” could mean the area of water between two piers or alongside a pier to receive a vessel for loading, un-loading, or repairs. It might also refer to a single pier, or a wharf, or the old wooden structure that floats at your family cabin and from which you cast a trout line. Docks can be on a river, lake, or in the ocean. The word is also a verb, as written above, and the act of mooring or coming into contact with a structure or land from water.

When asked about the difference be-tween Alaska ports, harbors, and docks, even Michael Lukshin, the Statewide Ports and Harbors Engineer, admits ev-eryone does not use the same definition. To make things more complicated, be-cause vernacular varies and reporting is inconsistent, there is not a precise count for all marine facilities (ports, harbors, docks) in the state. Lukshin estimates that there are more than five hundred marine facilities throughout Alaska.

As for funding, every community has its druthers, but what Erickson, Luk-shin, and the Alaska marine industry can agree on is that ports, harbors, and docks are critically important to com-merce and travel throughout the state. Funding and project momentum help achieve modernization, and absent lo-cal, state, federal, and corporate mon-etary support, business function could stagnate in the state.

AcrosstheMapA handful of infrastructure and facili-

ties offer a sampling of some of the dif-ferences and similarities comprising Alaska ports, harbors, and docks and a glimpse at the changes underway.

Seward—Alaska Railroad Dock Terminal: Seward is a community of approximately 2,700 people within the city limits and more than 2,500 on the periphery. The city was founded in 1903 as the ocean terminus of the railroad, now operating as the Alaska Railroad and owned by the State of Alaska.

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Resurrection Bay in the Gulf of Alas-ka fl ows into the Alaska Railroad In-termodal Terminal. Th e state’s facility information literature notes that many port users “make intermodal connec-tions through the Alaska Railroad terminus on the Seward waterfront” and that each year “more than 130,000 people and more than 2 million tons of cargo enter or exit Seward via the Alas-ka Railroad dock facilities.”

For transportation and commercial freight applications, there are three docks at the harbor: East Dock, West Dock, and the Coal Dock.

Th e East Dock is the loading point for freight and also receives passengers from cruise ships when the West Dock is full. Th e dock was originally 620 feet by 200 feet but was widened an addi-tional 120 feet on the east side to pro-vide more room for trucks and equip-ment in 2007.

“We’re working on a new project that’s going to widen the freight [East] dock to make it larger,” says Louis Ben-cardino, Seward Dock manager. “We

dredged last year and reduced the depth of water to 42 feet, which is very good in comparison to most ocean-docking ar-eas in the state,” adds Bencardino.

Th e Seward Terminal applied for and received permits for the new construc-tion, so by late spring Bencardino hopes to begin the next phase of a multi-mil-lion dollar project that requires state and federal budget allocations.

Th e terminal is directly connected to the state’s rail system. Th e facility web-site highlights the fact that the dock-to-railroad accessibility aff ords “freight, resources, and passengers to key hubs in Whittier, Anchorage, Wasilla, Palm-er, Denali, and Fairbanks/North Pole and communities in between.”

Th e West Dock is designated for pas-senger ships as large as 3,000-plus in size, with a size of 736 feet by 200 feet, and is connected to the Dale Lindsey Seward Intermodal Facility. Th is is the dock that visitors may fi rst glance at when arriving to town as the enormous pleasure cruise ships fl oat alongside each other.

Adjacent to this dock is the 1,700-foot -long Coal Dock, used for coal loading.

Seward—Small Boat Harbor: Estab-lished in 1964, the small boat harbor in Seward is the primary destination for tourists and boating enthusiasts. A full-service port with 50-ton and 250-ton travel lift s and a 5,000-ton syncrolift , as well as boat repairs, potable water, and all necessary power utilities, having a slip (docking place for a boat) in Seward is a mariner’ dream. Th e harbor has multiple dock fl oats labeled from A to P, X, and Z, and most sport fishermen, charter services, and water enthusiasts launch from this point.

In terms of budget and upgrades to keep the harbor safe, the same problem exists in this Kenai Peninsula commu-nity as with all other Alaska harbor towns—funding. Seward is a busy place, particularly in the summer. Th e small boat harbor has 3,608 vessels registered with 200 more on the waiting list.

Th e original infrastructure was built shortly aft er the 1964 earthquake. Th e

Above and Right: Alaska Railroad Dock Terminal in Seward.

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wooden D-fl oat was over fi ft y years old, and a rebuild began in September last year to remove the old fl oat and install a new one.

“We’ve made great upgrade to the har-bor,” says Harbormaster Mack Funk.

“Absent direct grants from government sources, we have to build up the funds with fees we charge the slip holders and cover projects from that income, so the construction process can take time. Th e D-fl oat cost around $2 million, with state

money and user fees covering the project. We still have three more docks that need to be replaced based on slip fee income and hope that in the next fi ve years we can fi nish the fl oat-replacement project.”

Emmonak: While Alaskan cities like Seward and Anchorage and other com-munities have the good fortune of road and rail access and tourism, it’s the smaller Alaska towns that consider ports and docks a literal life-line to their sur-vival. Competing against larger cities with a platoon of state legislative cham-pions makes funding support a tenuous

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Above: Heavy equipment crowds the city dock in Emmonak. Left: The Emmonak city dock before the erosion project was completed. Equipment for improvements is staged in the background.

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The banks of the Yukon River in Emmonak serve as a city dock and constant reinforcement is needed from ongoing river erosion. The community has asked the state to fund construction of an actual dock.


effort in rural Alaska.The City of Emmonak has a popula-

tion of approximately 811 residents. The community is located at the mouth of the Yukon River, 10 miles from the Bering Sea. It lies 120 air miles north-west of Bethel and 490 air miles from Anchorage, resting in the Yukon Delta National Wildlife Refuge.

In contrast to a deep-water port, the Yukon River generates its own chal-lenges with transportation and marine mobility into Emmonak.

For the Fiscal Year 2014/2015, City Manager Martin Moore Sr. has been seeking funding from the State Legis-lature for a port. In his capital budget request to Senator Lyman Hoffman and Representative David Guttenberg, Moore noted that the Emmonak City Council’s first priority in 2014 is build-ing a new regional port. The benefits for such a port permeate the lifestyle and commerce of every family, he contends.

In his letter to the Alaska Legislature, Moore reminded the state’s policymak-ers that “efficient and cost-effective transportation is one of the root prob-lems in rural Alaska.” He added in his reasoning that a fully-functional port “will ensure that lower-Yukon residents yield benefits from barged goods and materials and help foster ongoing eco-nomic development.”

Illuminating the tangible struggles of marine transportation and commerce in rural Alaska, Moore light-heartedly explained the community “sort of” has a city dock. The current structure is used for unloading and loading from various commercial barges, but most of the time the shipping companies have a difficult time with such limitation in space, so they’re forced to unload on the right-of-way and roadside.

The two phases of the port and dock facility construction is no easy or in-expensive task. Emmonak projects the dock/wharf build to cost approximately $10 million and the landing ramp al-most $6.5 million.

Support is blossoming for the proj-ects, as President James Kameroff of the Emmonak Corporation reminds in his legislative support letter, noting over five thousand Alaskans could ben-efit from the new dock “as far north as Kotlik, up the Yukon River to Russian Mission, and south to Hooper Bay.”


In addition, the safety concerns mount as profi led in a support letter for the project sent to the Emmonak City Council from Bering Pacifi c Construc-tion, revealing that every year ten to twenty feet of bank erodes into the Yu-kon, and continued erosion may dam-age the local tank farm and the Kwik-pak Fisheries Processing operation.

Akutan—Boat Harbor: Port and har-bor needs have few boundaries along the Alaska map.

Far south of Emmonak is the Aleutian city of Akutan, a community of 1,154 people, where Akutan Island’s fi rst boat harbor is being built in phases.

Akutan Island is located on the eastern part of the Aleutian Chain in the fi sh-laden Bering Sea, 790 miles southwest of Anchorage. Th e island is home to Trident Seafoods, one of the largest frozen sea-food processors in North America.

Th e initial $31 million harbor de-sign and construction project has been achieved thanks to the US Army Corps of Engineers and Aleutians East Bor-ough. Th e city’s mayor, Joe Bereskin, has been emphasizing protection of the lo-cal environment throughout the project, which will produce a mooring basin of twelve acres, serving the local commer-cial fi shermen and marine industries.

Mayor Bereskin says when fi nished, the plan is to have room for up to fi ft y-seven large fi shing vessels in addition to space and facilities for disabled vessels and repair services integral to commer-cial fi shing and processing.

“Th e project is coming along and we have the land opened and break water, so now we’re working with the State of Alaska and our legislators to secure funding for the actual harbor and fl oat-ing docks,” says Bereskin. “Our commu-nity works with Trident and commercial fi shermen, but the harbor is essential.”

A 2011 “Small Boat Harbor Planning Design Report” prepared for Akutan de-lineated the various harbor user-groups, once completed. Trident, local pollock co-op members, and Akutan com-mercial fi shermen will be the primary clients to a new harbor, with trawlers, cod/crab/halibut fl eets, and mixed-use industries dominating the commerce.

In unison with other Alaska city of-fi cials, Bereskin alluded to the fact that budgets are tight throughout the state,

and the Legislature and state adminis-tration are the sources from which the next level of funding can be derived and the project completed.

“We have one of the largest fi sh proces-sors in the country right here, and with a fl oat system in the mooring basin includ-ing gangway connections, pier spacing, and slip sizes—and everything the design report describes, we can keep our vessels in Akutan rather than long distances away in Kodiak or Seattle,” says Bereskin.

Skagway—Small Boat Harbor: Th e northern most point in Southeast Alaska is the community of Skagway. Over a hundred years ago, in 1900, Skagway became the fi rst incorporated fi rst-class city in the state. In 2007 the city designa-tion was dissolved and another fi rst en-sued, with a restructuring and renaming to the Municipality of Skagway Borough.

“We have so much freight coming in that room is limited,” says Harbormas-

ter Matt O’Boyle. “Skagway’s harbor is critical for recreational and commercial use, and to those ends we’re pleased to be expanding services to the marine trades. Skagway harbor is the economic high-way to the community, and any growth to that infrastructure is a direct benefi t.”

Skagway’s population is slightly more than nine hundred people. It is the northernmost ice-free, deep-water port in North America. Skagway is a year-round transportation hub con-necting the state of Alaska to the Yukon and Northwest Territories of Canada, as well as northern British Columbia.

Money is as tight in Southeast, when it comes to port development, as any other region of the state. Skagway Small Boat Harbor has 103 slips and two thousand feet of linear moorage. Water is available at the dock year round, with a thirty-ton Sealift trailer for haulouts.

Th e harbor is currently in the process of constructing a new facility within

Two workers look out over the Akutan Boat harbor.

Photo courtesy of the City of Akutan

Skagway Small Boat Harbor, the northernmost ice-free, deep-water port in Alaska.

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which marine vessels can conduct re-pairs in a warm, dry environment. Skag-way has also recently contracted with an engineering fi rm for the expansion of the North and West side of the harbor. Th is enhancement will add an addition-al thirty-two slips to the harbor, lighten-ing demand for room and accessibility.

Nome—Harbor: Th e city of Nome is made from legend and lore and is pos-sibly the most famous Alaska city when it comes to the rush of adventure, explora-tion, and gold.

Nome is located on the southern Seward Peninsula coast on Norton Sound of the Bering Sea. Th e commu-nity is inching towards a population of four thousand, while its most essential service is likely its harbor.

Th e Nome harbor infrastructure is somewhat complex because of its multiple sizes and design, yet it remains a precious safe haven for ships when the tempera-mental Bering Sea forces mariners inland.

Nome has a small boat harbor that includes small dredges on barges as large as 90 to 100 feet in length used for gold mining operations.

Th e city’s Outer Dock, or “Causeway,” and its main port facility include two docks: Th e City Dock is on the outer pe-rimeter with a depth of 22.5 feet. Th is is where all large ships, such as research vessels and US Coast Guard vessels, some more than 400 feet, come to refuel, re-stock, and weather a storm. Last year smaller expedition cruises from Norway,

Germany, and other foreign countries also came to town. Th e Inner Dock, or “Westgold,” is typically used for rolling stock (cargo that can be wheeled off a barge), construction materials, supplies, and containers of rock and gravel.

As for projects and growth to handle more customers, Nome’s harbor system hasn’t gone without attention. In 2006

Aerial view of the Port of Nome infrastructure.

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the US Army Corps of Engineers com-pleted improvements projects, adding a 3,025 foot breakwater east of the exist-ing Causeway and a 270 foot spur on the end of the Causeway, making it a total of 2,982 feet.

However, an essential expansion that is being sought this year is the construc-tion of a middle dock. Nome is a hub community for the region, which means more than two-thirds of all goods and fuels that arrive into Nome’s harbor are intended for neighboring and regional villages. Th is includes barges with fuel, produce and food supplies, construction containers, and equipment.

Th e middle dock concept was origi-nally envisioned to connect the inner and outer two docks with sheet pile and bumpers, but the price tag became too high. Nome decided to scale back its initial concept, now focusing on a new 230-plus-foot dock positioned in the middle of the harbor. If successful, this eff ort will increase Nome’s harbor tran-sit and loading capacity by 100 percent with a roll-on/roll-off “row-row” ramp designed for barges to go nose-straight onto a road and quickly connect with equipment that can offl oad modular homes, rock crushers, generators, and myriad other cargo onto semi-trucks.

“Nome is a hub community for this area and having a new middle dock will directly impact our region for better,” says Nome Harbormaster Lucas Stotts.

Stotts has been working at the Nome Harbor for almost fi ve years and has been in charge since the summer of 2013. At age twenty-seven, he may be one of the youngest harbormasters in the state.

“When it comes to funding and budget, we met with state legislators during the 2014 session in Juneau and have explained that an additional dock will reduce shipping and fuel costs for consumers and commercial interests. It will also improve our safety protocols during inclement weather,” Stotts says.

Shipping in general is increasing in Nome. Stotts notes that every day the city has boats at its docks, with two to four vessels oft en “jogging,” or turning circles, in the Bering Sea awaiting room to come into the harbor to moor.

Th e middle dock project will cost approximately $9 million. Nome has secured funding commitment of $6 million from the State of Alaska and

Norton Sound Economic Development Corporation, leaving $3 million as the remaining budget necessary to start building the new dock.

“We have research vessels coming to the Nome Harbor from Korea to Green-land, anxious to re-fuel and re-stock, as do we have Alaska’s [US] Coast Guard and a multitude of commercial barges in town to provide essential supplies and services, and that’s why the additional dock is such a priority,” adds Stotts.

TidalWaveofProjectsAs current and future projects go, near-ly every community in Alaska with a port, harbor, or dock seeks upgrades and modernization, if not expansion. Th is mentality may be a matter of basic economic growth, or perhaps it can be attributed to Alaskans thriving on ma-rine commerce and recreation.

State Engineer Michael Lukshin listed some of the cities he’s been work-ing with, beyond aforementioned con-struction projects, which include: Ket-chikan Bar Harbor, South Petersburg North Harbor, Sitka ANB Harbor, Sand Point Harbor, Unalaska Robert Storrs International Harbor, Juneau Aurora Harbor, Juneau Statter Harbor, Juneau Douglas Harbor, Hoonah George Hall Harbor, Seldovia Harbor, Hydaburg Harbor, and Homer Harbor.

Th e list of state-partnered projects is comprehensive and indicates Alaskan offi cials also see the benefi t of new and improved marine access and moorage. Th e future of Alaska waterway trans-portation and freight delivery, as well as tourism and fi shing, will undoubtedly rest in the hands of these policymakers and regulators, as well as the business owners who see the merit in continued investment. All will cost, and prioriti-zation will be the word of the day.

Perhaps Otis Redding never had the chance to visit Alaska and its beauti-ful ports, harbors, and docks before he wrote his most famous song, but there’s no doubt he would have changed his tune aft er seeing the phenomenal ma-rine infrastructure and dedicated pro-fessionals Alaska has to off er.

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CONSTRUCTION

New and Improved Airport Runways New and Improved Airport Runways New and Improved Airport Runways

According to the Alaska Airports Association: “Alaska has 287 public use land-based airports,

44 heliports, and approximately 735 recorded landing areas (private, pub-lic, and military) total. Of course pilots land on many of the thousands of lakes and gravel bars across the state where no constructed facility exists.”

Where constructed facilities do exist, though, ongoing maintenance and up-grades are required, many mandated by federal law.

CurrentAirportConstructionPlans

Most of the funding for airport projects comes from the federal government but is administered by the Alaska De-partment of Transportation and Public Facilities (DOT&PF) with planning, de-sign, and engineering done through its three regions: Northern, Central, and Southeast.

DOT&PF expects to have about eigh-teen airport projects under construc-

tion in 2014 with a combined cost of nearly $333 million, more than two-thirds of that will be spent on rural projects. Six of the eighteen airport projects in Alaska for 2014 include Run-way Safety Area (RSA) improvements.

Many of these projects had not been either advertised or awarded at press time in early April. Some projects have already been awarded and work will either continue or begin this year. Multi-million dollar, multi-year airport construction projects dot the map from Barrow to Ketchikan. Airport construc-tion is an ongoing activity in Alaska.

Dan Hall, vice president and Alaska manager for Knik Construction, says they have been building airports in Alas-ka for thirty-fi ve years and the key to suc-cessful airport construction is research.

“Th e biggest challenge that we face is logistics,” Hall says. “Gravel has to be imported and can only be barged in during the summer months. Some-

times we need to travel down rivers that are having issues with low water, and we aren’t able to get the barges in on time to stay on schedule.”

Successfully bidding a rural airport construction project does come with a great deal of risk, he says.

“You have to do your homework and be very aware of the area you are work-ing in and the potential obstacles you will likely face,” Hall says. “Th ese are fi xed fi rm prices we are dealing with here, and there is not a lot of fl exibility on the side of the owner in regards to change orders and unexpected expenses.”

While most of the projects are in ru-ral Alaska, the international airports in Anchorage and Fairbanks both have work slated.

A project at Ted Stevens Anchorage International Airport to rehabilitate runway 7L/25R pavement and inter-secting taxiways including lighting, signage, marking, grooving and under

A key lifeline for rural Alaskans

By Paula Cottrell

The runway at Ambler with snow and without.

Photos courtesy of Alaska DOT&PF


drain system was pending on the bid calendar and has an engineer’s estimate range of $50 million to $60 million.

QAP was awarded a $13.5 million ANC Taxiways M, L & Taxilane E2 Reconstruction project last June, and work continues this year.

Osborne Construction Company was awarded a $15.8 million construction contract at the Fairbanks Internation-al Airport last August for an Airport Rescue and Fire Fighting Building Up-grade project and will continue working through 2014 and into 2015 with an esti-mated total project cost of $21.9 million.

NorthernRegionProjectsNorthern Region projects include an es-timated $3.6 million runway repair proj-ect in Barrow and a $6.3 million runway resurfacing project in Shishmaref.

Th e Ambler Sewage Lagoon Road and Airport Rehabilitation project was still out to bid at press time, and includes extending the main runway to 4,000 feet, and widening it, rehabilitating the operational surfaces and airport access road, and constructing a new 2.8 mile material site access road, among other improvements. Th e engineer’s estimate range is $10 million to $20 million for the project, which is expected to last three years.

Kotzebue Airport is in Stage 3 of its Airport and Safety Area Improvement project which will extend the RSA of the main runway to 400 feet on each end of the runway. Th e western extension will extend into Kotzebue Sound and will

include realignment of the access road at the end of the runway, installing shore protection, and re-establishment of the longshore boat channel. Th e east-ern extension will include realignment of the Kotzebue Lagoon channel and hillside terrain obstruction removal. Awarded to Brice, Inc. in October 2012, the $30.9 project began construction in 2013, and is estimated to be complete by October 2014.

QAP is embarking on a $26.5 million project this June in Nome that will in-clude expanding the RSAs of both run-ways from the existing 300-foot width to 500 feet. Expanding the main RSA length will shift the Snake River channel adjacent to threshold 10 in order to pro-vide space for a non-standard 170-foot long Engineered Materials Arresting System, and the other end of the runway will have a 1,000-foot long safety area. Resurfacing taxiways E and F and re-paving taxiways H and J are also includ-ed in this project, which is expected to near completion in the fall of 2015 with a possible extension into 2016.

CentralRegionIn Hooper Bay, a project to rehabilitate and extend the runway, relocate apron and associated utilities, construct a new snow removal equipment building, in-stall navigation aids, and relocate the beach access road is anticipated to be advertised in July, with the date contin-gent upon federal funding availability. Th e engineer’s estimate range is $30 million to $40 million.

In Tunanak, QAP will be relocating the existing airport, which will include the construction of a taxiway, apron,

Hooper Bay might get a new runway, contingent on federal funding.

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Th e engineer’s estimate range is $30

The airport at Nome will be under construction this summer.


access road, snow removal equipment building (SREB), and other improve-ments. Th e Tunanak project is expected to cost $19.9 million.

In Platinum, the airport runway is be-ing extended 1,700 feet, and the runway lighting system will also be extended. Th e project is being done to enable large aircraft to use the runway. Knik Con-struction Company expects to complete the $2.7 million project in fall 2014.

In Koliganek, a project to extend and re-construct the runway to 3,300 feet, replace runway lighting, and rehabilitate the taxi-way and apron was anticipated to go to bid in April. Additionally, the existing SREB will be moved and rehabilitated and a sec-ond heated SERB will be constructed. Th e engineer’s estimate range is $5 million to $10 million. Mobilization is expected this summer and construction in 2015.

In the Aleutians, there is a $3 million RSA expansion project at Adak, and in Cold Bay there is a $3.7 million RSA ex-pansion that includes relocating the me-dium-intensity approach lighting system.

In 2012, Knik Construction Company began work on the Unalaska airport

project that included extending the run-way and RSA; rehabilitating the runway, taxiway, and apron resurfacing; airport lighting; and drainage improvements. Additionally, the project includes the construction of chemical storage and snow equipment removal buildings. In total, these airport improvements are expected to cost $27 million with com-pletion expected in October 2014.

Th e Kodiak airport improvements project was to be advertised in April to construct runway safety areas for Run-ways 7/25 and 18/36 to include all air-fi eld lighting, signing, striping, reloca-tion of FAA navaids and approach aids, and access roads as necessary. Th e engi-neer’s estimate for this multi-year proj-ect is $50 million to $60 million. Also at the Kodiak Airport, to be advertised and awarded with that is a project to rehabil-itate the Devil’s Creek culvert that runs under Runway 2/25; engineer’s estimate range is $2.5 million to $5 million.

SoutheastRegionDOT&PF’s Southeast Region awards more marine infrastructure projects than avia-tion, but there are some airport projects this summer. Knik Construction was awarded a $5.5 million contract last De-cember for the Ketchikan airport taxiway and apron rehabilitation that included various airports surface preservation maintenance to be done in fi scal year 2014.

One project yet to be advertised in

Southeast includes rehabilitating the pavement surfaces of taxiway A and the apron at the Petersburg airport; it has an engineer’s estimate of $1 million to $2.5 million, and scheduling is contin-gent on federal funding.

UnplannedAirportImprovementCosts

Th ousands of hours and millions of dollars go into planning airport proj-ects, but sometimes the elements de-cide when a project will be done.

Spring fl ooding is nothing new to the communities along the Yukon River, but when Emmonak experienced un-usually high fl ooding in the spring of 2013, a fi ft y-foot wide section of the air-port taxiway washed away, leaving the community compromised.

“When we have an emergency situa-tion that comes up, we have to address those problems immediately. Th e run-way at Emmonak was never out of ser-vice, but the taxiway was cutoff so there was no access to the apron,” says Jeff Roach, Northern Region planning man-ager for the Alaska DOT&PF. “We used a temporary walkway so passengers could cross over the missing section of the taxiway to the airport building.”

Only one aircraft could use the runway at a time, which meant it had to land, offl oad its passengers, and take off again before another aircraft could use the run-way. As for cargo planes, they could land,

Above and left: Tunanak airport is being relocated to comply with federal man-dates.

Photos courtesy of Alaska DOT&PF


but there was no way to offl oad the cargo.“Th e reason this event was so sig-

nifi cant for Emmonak was the timing,” says Roach. “Th e community was at the beginning of commercial fi shing and construction season, and until the run-way repair was completed, they couldn’t haul cargo in or out of Emmonak.”

To fi x the runway, the FAA granted ap-proval for maintenance and operations personnel to use materials on the airport apron to refi ll the missing section.

“Seven days aft er receiving approval,

the taxiway repair was completed and back to its original width,” says Roach.

Th e cost for the repairs at Emmonak came in at $216,935, which was paid out of the state DOT&PF maintenance and operation budgets. “In a situation like this, we have to respond to the emer-gency fi rst and worry about the price tag later,” says Roach. “Because the gover-nor declared Emmonak a state of emer-gency, we were able to seek reimburse-ment from FEMA for the temporary repairs that were completed and have

also applied for funding to bring the runway back to its original condition.”

“It was a team eff ort by the FAA and DOT to promptly respond to the dam-age at the Emmonak Airport,” says Roach. “It was important to us to get the facility operational as soon as pos-sible because airports are a key lifeline for these rural communities.”

Paula Cottrell writes from Anchorage.

(907) 276-4373 • Toll Free (800) 770-4373(907) 276-4373 • Toll Free (800) 770-4373(907) 276-4373 • Toll Free (800) 770-4373(907) 276-4373 • Toll Free (800) 770-4373(907) 276-4373 • Toll Free (800) 770-4373(907) 276-4373 • Toll Free (800) 770-4373(907) 276-4373 • Toll Free (800) 770-4373(907) 276-4373 • Toll Free (800) 770-4373

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Bill Morris Advertising Account Manager

Office (907) [email protected]

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Emmonak is ten miles from the Bering Sea about a mile and a half up the Kwiguk Channel near the mouth of the Yukon River. Spring fl ooding in 2013 washed out a section of the new taxiway. Emmonak is ten miles from the Bering Sea about a mile and a half up the Kwiguk Channel near the mouth of the Yukon

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CONSTRUCTION

Construction Project Construction Project Construction Project UpdateUpdateUpdate

Even with advances in winter construction, Alaska’s few warm months are still

generally the best for advancements on construction projects. Staging and preparation o� en takes place in March and April as the ground has begun to thaw and warmer temperatures and increased sunlight allow for increased productivity. Construction activity begins to ramp up at the end of April and beginning of May; below is a brief look at a few of the construction projects that are just beginning, moving on to new phases, or have been completed.

AlaskaNeurologyCenterWhile new construction dominates the season, remodeling and repurpos-ing of space also represents a portion of the construction activity in any given year. For example, the old Bor-ders Books on Dimond Boulevard in Anchorage was extensively remodeled last year by Davis Constructors & En-gineers, Inc. for the Alaska Neurology Center. Th e new facility designed by ECI/Hyer Architecture & Interiors has enabled Alaska Neurology to combine more services under one roof with the

increased square footage. Th e com-pany added a new, larger MRI capable of holding patients that weigh up to fi ve hundred pounds and a medical spa. Th e six-bedroom sleep center has been brought under the same roof, and the walk-in migraine clinic is better equipped for patient comfort with in-dividual rooms that have soundproof walls and adjustable lighting. With the extra square footage comes addi-tional services available through the increased patient capacity the Center is able to accommodate.

Ramping up for Alaska’s ‘other’

season

By Tasha Anderson

Alaska Neurology Center remodeled a previous retail space to expand its operations.

© Ken Graham Photography.com

© Ken Graham Photography.com


KodiakLongTermCareFacility

According to Jenith Flynn, marketing coordinator at Davis Constructors, the contractor for the Kodiak Long Term Care Facility, this project was “substan-tially complete in January 2014.” Th e project, located on Kodiak Island, was fi rst started in February 2013 and cost approximately $15 million. Th e project is owned by the Kodiak Island Borough, and the engineering fi rm for the project was Architects Alaska.

Th e facility is a residential, duplex-style housing unit that accommodates twenty-two residents; it replaces the previous long-term care building, which needed updates to become code compli-ant and be more comfortable and “home-like” for the residents. Th e new building is approximately 20,782 square feet, and “the common support core of the build-ing accommodates a production kitchen, general storage, delivery garage, house-keeping facilities, residential laundry, and administrative offi ces,” Flynn says.

Dena’inaWellnessCenterOn April 14, the Dena’ina Wellness Center began off ering dental and well-ness care, and on April 21, primary care and behavioral health, signaling that the facility was open to provide long-awaited services to the Kenai commu-nity. A grand opening will be held next month on June 12.

Th e Kenatize Indian Tribe is funding the building through an Indian Health

Service joint venture award won in 2011, guaranteeing funding for opera-tions and maintenance for the facility for a minimum of twenty years.

Neeser Construction was the gen-eral contractor of the approximately 52,000-square-foot building, and the architect was Rise Alaska. Th e cost of the project was roughly $35.8 million.

CStreetSewerLineImprovements

Mass Excavation is the contractor cur-rently performing work to install new sewer lines to service various properties on C Street near the intersection of C Street and the Walter J. Hickel Parkway in south Anchorage. Th e sewer lines will not only service the existing Target and newly opened Cabella’s, but are in place to ser-vice any new infrastructure yet to be built between those buildings and C Street, as well as any buildings in the future that are built on lands owned by CIRI and JL Properties on the west side of C Street.

Th e cost of the project is approxi-mately $2 million to $3 million and is estimated to be completed before sum-mer. Design work was provided by DHI Consulting Engineers LLC.

MountainViewVillageLow-IncomeHousing

Starting this month, Davis Construc-tion, in partnership with the Cook Inlet Housing Authority, is building fi ft een duplexes, a triplex, a four-plex, and a fi ve-plex. Building the low-income

Sewer lines are being added in South Anchorage for new infrastructure yet to be built.

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housing units within the Mountain View community is part of a larger con-struction project steered by Cook Inlet Housing Authority to continue the revi-talization of Mountain View. Th e vari-ous unit types will contain two or three bedrooms. Scheduled work for May is site preparation.

Th e engineering fi rms participating in this part of project are Olberding White Architects, LLC and Spark Design, and Schneider & Associates. Th e project does not have a single completion date, but rather staggered anticipated completion dates ranging from September of this year through March of 2015.

Cabela’sAft er much anticipation, Cabela’s, a spe-cialty retailer of hunting, fi shing, camp-ing, and related outdoor merchandise, had its grand opening in Anchorage on April 10. Th e new store, located at 155 W. 104th Avenue, near the intersection of C Street and the Walter J. Hickel Parkway, is 100,000 square feet, and is just beyond the South Anchorage Target. Th e new retail store features a gun library, an indoor archery range, wildlife displays and a mountain replica, bargain cave, and various edible treats. It is expected to employ about 250 people.

Th e contractor for the building was PCL Construction and kpb Architects provided design/landscape and build-ing landscape services.

CoronadoParkSeniorVillageBeginning May 1, the application pro-cess will open for those wanting to live in the Coronado Park Senior Village. Th e four-story senior rental housing is located in the northern corner of the Coronado Park development in Eagle River. Th e project will have fi ft y-six one and two-bedroom units, all of which will be fully accessible and include sight and sound equipment.

Th e project costs approximately $16.6 million. Neeser Construction, Inc. is the general contractor, working with architectural fi rm kpb Architects.

CLDCFireweedOfficeCIRI Land Development Company has contracted with Davis Constructers to build a new offi ce building on the corner of Fireweed Lane and the New Seward Highway, the previous location of the Fireweed Th eatre. Named the Fireweed Offi ce building, the new construction is eight stories and 114,095 square feet and will be used as offi ce space for the CIRI Land Development Company.

Cabela’s opened in April next to Target in South Anchorage.

© Russ Slaten

CIRI Land Development Company is building an eight story offi ce space on Fireweed in Anchorage.

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CIRI Land Development Company is building an eight story offi ce space on

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Anne CampbellAdvertising Account Manager

(907) 257-2910 [email protected]

(907) 276-4373 • Toll Free (800) 770-4373(907) 276-4373 • Toll Free (800) 770-4373 akbizmag.com

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Building Alaska’s Future with Alaskan Products

Building Alaska’s Future with Alaskan Products

Th is is the fi rst of several buildings proposed for the site, according to Flynn. Th aw blankets were on the ground in March, and concrete poured in April. It is anticipated that steel will arrive onsite for erection in early June, according to Flynn. Th e engineers for the project are RIM Ar-chitects and Schneider & Associates, and the fi nal cost has yet to be determined.

WalterJ.HickelParkwayMoose-VehicleCrashMitigation

In Alaska, new fencing appearing along a road or highway generally means the property is being developed, which may have led to confusion when drivers no-ticed new lengths of fencing along the Walter J. Hickel Parkway in Anchor-

age. In this case, the project is instead an attempt to reduce the number of collisions between moose and vehicles on the Walter J. Hickel Parkway, since between 2000 and 2010 there were ap-proximately ten crashes per year.

McKinley Fence won the contract for the project, which is a collaboration be-tween the State of Alaska Department of

McKinley Fence installing moose fencing in South Anchorage.

© Russ Slaten


Transportation & Public Facilities and the Federal Highway Administration. Th e fence line is from International Air-port Road to the Alaska Railroad over-pass just west of the Old Seward Highway at a cost of approximately $1.1 million.

NorthernAccesstoU-MedDistrict

Th e U-Med District of Anchorage is com-prised of the University of Anchorage, Alaska Pacifi c University, Providence Health & Services Alaska, Southcen-tral Foundation, and the Alaska Native Tribal Health Consortium and is one of the largest employment centers and traf-fi c generators in Anchorage. Th ere is no direct access to this area from the north or the east, but plans have progressed in providing access from the north.

Th e northern route will include one lane in each direction, three round-abouts, three grade-separated cross-ings, in-street bike lanes, a six foot sidewalk, and a ten food multi-use path (for recreation as well as walk-ing) with a posted speed limit of thirty miles per hour. Th e chosen route will connect Providence Drive to Northern

Lights Boulevard, essentially acting as an extension of Bragaw Street, passing between the University of Alaska An-chorage and Alaska Pacifi c University.

Th e selected route will be approxi-mately 0.9 miles long and the estimated cost is $19.4 million. It is anticipated that the fi nal design will be completed in the spring of 2015, with construction taking place later in 2015 and into 2016.

AlaskaAirlinesCenteratUAAWork on the University of Alaska An-chorage’s new sports center is still pro-gressing steadily. Construction began last May on the multi-use facility, which is 196,000 square feet. It will seat fi ve thousand in the gymnasium for basket-ball, volleyball, and community events and also includes a separate gymnastic

practice/performance gym that will sit eight hundred, as well as locker rooms, offi ce, and other support type spaces.

Cornerstone General Contractors and McCool Carlson Green are the contractors for the project, which has a cost of $109 million. Construction is on schedule to be fi nished in July.

SalmatofAdditionandRenovation,PhaseII

Wolverine Supply is the general con-tractor and construction manager for this project to complete the design and construction of a new two-story ad-dition and renovation of the existing Salamatof Facility at the Centennial Village Senior Campus, located in An-chorage and managed by the Cook Inlet Housing Authority.

Work continues on the Alaska Air-lines Center in the U-Med District in Anchorage.

© R

uss

Sla

ten


Th e engineer for the project is RIM Architects and the approximate cost is $2.5 million.

NorthernLightsMediaCenterKTUU will soon be moving into its new Northern Lights Media Center located at the intersection of 40th Avenue and

Denali Street. Th e ceremonial ground-breaking for the building took place in July last year, and construction is ex-pected to be completed this summer.

Th e contractor for the $22 million, 40,000-square-foot-building is Neeser Construction, Inc., and the architect is Spark Design.

EklutnaGenerationStationCurrently, Matanuska Electric Associa-tion (MEA) purchases the power it dis-tributes to its members from Chugach Electric, a purchase agreement that ex-pires at the end of December this year. In 2007, approximately 79 percent of MEA members voted to build a locally owned power generation facility rather than renewing or creating a new pur-chase agreement.

Construction of this new facility is on schedule; by December 2013, all ten of the Wärtsilä engines and generators had been delivered and placed in their fi nal positions. Haskell Corporation is the contractor for the project and also assisted with the Wärtsilä installation.

Th e Eklutna Generation Station switchyard is to be energized next month, followed by substantial comple-tion in November and testing for the rest of the year—by January 1, 2015, the plant will begin generating power.

Tasha Anderson is the Editorial Assistant at Alaska Business Monthly.

1.800.257.7726 • www.spanalaska.com

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KTUU’s Northern Lights Media Center in Midtown Anchorage.

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KTUU’s Northern Lights Media Center in Midtown Anchorage.


TELECOM & TECHNOLOGY

Thanks to a drive to make remote offi ces truly connected, Alaska’s North Slope is one of the best-con-

nected places in the state, and the need for connectivity is increasing every year.

With competition in the oil and gas industry luring workers to other ar-eas, such as off shore rigs in the Gulf of Mexico or the booming fi elds of North Dakota, some say the connectivity helps boost worker morale and keep employ-ees in Alaska by providing access to their lives and families, whether it be video-chatting with their children in the eve-

nings or taking online college courses. “Th at’s how you keep quality project

staff these days,” says Rick Hansen, di-rector of GCI’s Industrial Telecom divi-sion. “Th e joke about the camps on the Slope is it’s all about the quality of the cook and the speed of the Internet.”

Th at’s not far off the mark, represen-tatives from ConocoPhillips say. Bill Arnold, manager of North Slope Op-erations and Projects for ConocoPhil-lips, says in the early days of the oilfi eld, everyone used a party-line system, and workers were allowed a scant two min-

utes per call for every twelve-hour shift for personal use of the phones. Th e limit was necessary to keep the line open for work-related calls, he says. But today, ex-pectations are diff erent among workers, and thankfully the available technology is expanding to meet those expectations.

ConnectivityVitalforWorkersandEmployers

GCI is at the forefront of expanded connectivity. Th e company is the only carrier with a division dedicated to pro-viding engineering, procurement, and construction, or EPC, for oil-and-gas related telecom project work in Alaska. It’s also the only company with a fi ber-optic link to the North Slope today, a link that was established in 1996.

GCI Industrial Telecom has designed, constructed, and maintains roughly one hundred miles of fi ber-optic cable

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By Rindi White

GCI workers in 2010 built a 180-foot tower used for a new oil production facility built on the North Slope.

Photo courtesy of GCI

“That’s how you keep quality project staff these days. The joke about the camps on the Slope is it’s all about the quality of the cook and the speed of the Internet.”

—Rick HansenDirector, GCI Industrial Telecom


to connect various sites throughout Deadhorse and Prudhoe Bay in the past decade, Hansen says. Cellular coverage has gone from one cell site tower used by all carriers to about twenty cell site towers today, he says.

In 1997, according to information supplied by GCI Industrial Telecom, all of Prudhoe Bay ran on 384 Kbps, or kilobytes per second. In 2008, that was upgraded to 60 Mbps, or megabytes per second. Construction camps just fi ve years ago required as little as 800 Kbps. Last year, some camps were contracted for between 5 and 10 Mbps of Internet.

Most systems now operate on IP net-works that require connectivity to cor-porate headquarters or other locations outside the oil fi eld. Technologies such as voice over internet protocol and radio over internet protocol have increased dramatically and need bandwidth to provide the services. IP surveillance video and security badge access sys-tems, leak detection, drilling data, and well logs are frequently used and can be transmitted online and in real time. Th e connectivity to and design of the digital oilfi elds of the North Slope allow for the benefi ts of being connected.

Add to this the current workforce trend of BYOD (bring your own device) and this means more bandwidth needs. Han-sen says a typical remote oil fi eld worker oft en carries three devices: a phone, a tab-let, and a laptop, which are generally used for both work and personal reasons. GCI continues to work with its clients to ex-pand their network to make sure workers are connected wherever they are.

“GCI spent about $5 million in 2013 to install fi ft een new 3G towers on the North Slope,” Hansen says. “Th is year we’ll move to complete the upgrades to LTE on the Slope.”

LTE coverage, or long-term evolu-tion, is a category of 4G coverage that allows faster data transfer than 3G cov-erage. Hansen says when that expan-sion happens there may be places on the North Slope that have better data coverage than some areas of Anchor-age. All those cell sites need substantial bandwidth and many times rely on GCI fi ber optic cable to connect.

“One thing that the producers look at is, how do we get the same work experi-ence and productivity from an engineer sitting in Houston vs. an engineer sit-

A GCI Industrial Telecom crew builds a VSAT, or satellite system, to connect a remote exploration site near Umiat in 2008.

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CI

A GCI Industrial Telecom crew builds a VSAT, or satellite system, to connect a

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CI


ting in Prudhoe Bay? We took it a step further—how do we provide connectiv-ity to provide that offi ce-like experience anywhere?” says Hansen.

Today on the North Slope, with the proper connection, a worker can stand on the remote frozen tundra and redline a drawing or take a picture and immedi-

ately transmit it anywhere in the world, he says. Companies should be able to utilize (and some already do) employees in Houston to remotely operate drilling rigs in Alaska. And in many places on the Slope, those things are possible be-cause of the reliable connectivity.

InvestingintheFutureConocoPhillips last year completed a ma-jor undertaking: installing twenty-eight miles of fi ber-optic cable between the oil fi eld at Kuparuk and Pump Station 1, the fi rst pump station along the trans-Alaska oil pipeline on its path south to Valdez. Prior to the fi ber-optic extension, Arnold says companies relied on a microwave transmitter system that limited Inter-net use to its capacity. Th e system didn’t work perfectly, he says: bad weather could cause outages, and tools like video conferencing weren’t always available.

“Th is really raises the game for us,” Arnold says.

Th e $14 million project was years in the making, and ConocoPhillips offi -cials say it allows the company to trans-mit drilling data to company offi cials in Anchorage or elsewhere in real time,

A worker in 2007 walks near a remote communication site used to support ex-ploration activity on the North Slope.


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and will hopefully allow the company to utilize industry experts from around the globe without paying for a plane ticket.

“It not only allows our people here in Anchorage to be more engaged, but it allows our global workforce to be en-gaged. We’ve got subject matter experts on various topics, and this gives us the capability to bring them in—in a real-time scenario,” says Wayne Fletcher, North Slope Integrated Operations manager for ConocoPhillips.

“With all the activity that’s ramped up right now, beds are at a premium. Instead of having to fl y a subject matter expert up there, we can use this tech-nology,” Arnold says.

Arnold and Fletcher say the expan-sion will allow employees to be more effi cient and, in the long term, more connected.

“Th e important thing from our per-spective is, it’s just another incidence where we’re making an investment for the next forty years,” Fletcher says.

Freelance journalist Rindi White lives in Palmer.

A drilling rig operates in the background as GCI workers build a 180-foot tower used for a new oil production facility on the North Slope. The tower was built in 2010.


We can all get overwhelmed with the complexity of keep-ing up with our daily lives.

Email comes non-stop, and to-do lists cause depression just by glancing at them. Th e demands this world places on us require us to live and work smart-er and not just harder. Th is is not new information, but the reality of achiev-ing the balance we all need to succeed breaks into three areas. Th e fi rst is fo-cus management (keeping your eyes on the things that matter) and the second is balancing your goals and dreams so you actually get to be happy. Th e third is, if you fi nd yourself working like a dog and not playing like a puppy then there’s something that’s out of bal-ance—and great coaching can help.

We’re talking about coaching that helps you lead a more balanced and meaningful life. Let’s face it, if you’re out of balance in just one area of your life, it is likely to sabotage and derail all the other things that are going well. Th is is where coaching can make a world of diff erence in the workplace and in life. But, before you go around saying (as the song goes) “put me in coach, I’m ready to play,” you might want to know some of the characteristics of great coaching.

So, let’s talk about great coaching and what makes a great coach. In sports, the rules and boundaries are clearly de-fi ned, but in life that is rarely the case. Th e things that are really important to you may not be true for the person who sits next to you. We each have diff erent defi nitions for success and happiness, and these may change throughout our lives. What might have made you happy even a year ago may not make you as happy this year.

A great coach can help you identify and realize how success and happiness can go together. It really boils down to consciously identifying and creating

balance in your life while achieving goals. Great coaching facilitates a per-son in assessing all areas of their life to determine what a balanced life is for them. Great coaches then assist people in determining what they really want in this chapter of their lives by develop-ing a set of written goals and outcomes. Prioritizing and then putting those goals into action plans is at the heart of great coaching. It is, in eff ect, a strategic plan that is individualized to you.

Recently a coaching client was doing very well technically with his job; how-ever, he was sabotaging their success by exhibiting an unprofessional side when frustrated. Relationships at work suf-fered and the client was derailing his own success. Upon closer examination, it was clear that this person was giving 100 percent at work, but other areas of his life were way out of balance, and he was not taking time to do the things he loved that would help him regain and keep his bal-ance. Th rough coaching and looking at his success from a balanced perspective, he incorporated the ground rule of “take care of yourself fi rst so you can help take care of others” and found that balance was possible in every part of his life.

Getting the most out of coaching in-volves three things:

1. Developing a clear plan with goals, objectives, and outcomes and measures that will lead to the overall success of that person. The plan may include goals in work skills, relationships, recreation and play, fi nancial life, physical life, emotional well-being (how we react), and sustaining success.

2. Defi ning timelines to accomplish goals and the resources needed

to achieve the goals (including the amount of interaction with the coach). Will mentors be involved? Who can help with achieving these goals?

3. Establishing a clear set of rules of engagement including interfaces with the workplace, the coach, and mentors, which are agreed to by all parties.

Once these three things are set up, whatever resources are necessary to help the person being coached achieve their goals can be brought to bear, whether that’s identifying mentors who will assist in learning new skills or identifying op-portunities to learn and/or develop new skills (or even to extinguish unwanted habits). Coaching is not just for the senior executive. Th e best organizations use coaching throughout the ranks so that everyone gets a chance to improve on their skills and their value to the compa-ny. Coaching can be used in many ways to overcome the obstacles we place in our way and to improve work skills and per-formance. Great coaching leads to more meaningful and fulfi lling lives as well.


HRMatters By Kevin M. Dee

Kevin M. Dee has a master’s degree from Vanderbilt University and is the president of KMD Services & Consulting. He has more than

twenty-eight years of experience providing leadership development, organizational development, and human resource services in Alaska and internationally. Contact him at [email protected].

Put Me In Coach! Put Me In Coach! Put Me In Coach! Put Me In Coach! Put Me In Coach! Put Me In Coach! Put Me In Coach! Put Me In Coach! Put Me In Coach! Great coaching and achieving the balance needed to succeed

Kevin M. Dee has a master’s degree from Vanderbilt University and is the president of KMD Services & Consulting. He has more than

May

� BusinessofCleanEnergyinAlaskaConferenceMay 1-2—Dena’ina Center, Anchorage: Learn about and share information on the opportunities, benefi ts, and challenges of renewable energy and energy effi ciency in Alaska.bceaconference.com

� AlaskaBarConventionMay 7-9—Dena’ina Center, Anchorage: Th is conference provides opportunities to complete CLE requirements as well as an opening reception, several luncheons, and an awards reception and dinner for 25, 50, and 60 year recognition. alaskabar.org

� JointInternationalGeologicalCorrelationProgramme(IGCP)588andSAAMeetingMay 4-10—A weeklong combined conference-fi eldtrip in the 50th anniver-sary year of the 1964 Mw9.2 Good Friday earthquake. Visit sites which experienced co-seismic deformation during 1964, and record late Holocene paleoseismicity and add to an increasing knowledge of seismic and tsunami hazard along the Aleutian megathrust.coastal-change.org

� AlaskaStateHRConferenceMay 12-13—Sheraton Hotel, Anchorage: Meet more than two hundred human resources professionals, offi ce managers and administrators, directors, and adult educators representing both public and private industry. Pprofessionals from around the state can learn more about their responsibilities as HR Professionals.alaska.shrm.org

� NACoWIRConferenceMay 21-23—Egan Center, Anchorage: Th e National Association of Counties’ Western Interstate Region conference focuses on public lands and issues critical to the west-ern region of the United States, providing county offi cials with the opportunity to hear speakers, discuss legislation, and network with other offi cials. naco.org

� InternationalHETLConferenceMay 31-June 2—Hilton Anchorage: Th e theme of this year’s conference for the Higher Education Teaching & Learning Portal is “Innovative Learning-Scapes: e-Scapes, play-Scapes and more.” Th e aim is to examine the impacts that social and mobile media and networks are having on learning environments in higher education. hetl.org

June

� NationalCongressofAmericanIndians(NCAI)Mid-YearConferenceJune 8-11—Dena’ina Center, Anchor-age: Th e National Congress of American Indians, founded in 1944, is an American Indian and Alaska Native organization

serving the broad interests of tribal gov-ernments and communities.ncai.org

July

� USNationalConferenceofEarthquakeEngineeringJuly 20-26—Dena’ina Center, Anchorage: Th is conference is comprised of the 2014 EERI (Earthquake Engineering Research Institute) Annual Meeting and the NEES (Network for Earthquake Engineering Simulation) Quake Summit, as well as the 10th Anniversary of NEES, the 50th Anni-versary of the 1964 Alaska Earthquake and Tsunami, and an undergraduate seismic design competition. Th e conference, on the 50th Anniversary of the Great Alaska Earthquake and Tsunami, will provide an opportunity for researchers and practitioners to share the latest knowledge and techniques to mitigate the damaging eff ects of earthquakes and tsunamis.10ncee.org | eeri.org

August

� CSGWest&CSGNationalJointAnnualConferenceAugust 9-13—Various venues, Anchorage: Th e annual conference for the Council of State Governments National and West. Th e conference is an opportunity to work across borders to enhance knowledge and ex-change ideas through policy forums on high priority public policy issues and discover Alaska’s innovations through policy tours.csg.org

� IEAWorldCongressofEpidemiologyAugust 17-21—Dena’ina Civic and Conven-tion Center, Anchorage: Th e theme for this year’s congress is “Global Epidemiology in a Changing Environment: Th e Circumpolar Perspective.” Th e event is an opportunity to visit with and listen to prominent research-ers in epidemiology and public health. ieaweb.org

September

� AlaskaOil&GasCongressSeptember 15-18—Anchorage: Th is com-prehensive four day conference is the place to meet the players, forge new relation-ships, and get the information you need to capitalize on changes taking place in Alaska. Th is year is the 10th anniversary event and planning is already underway to make it a memorable and valuable experience. alaskaoilandgascongress.com

� RuralEnergyConferenceSeptember 23-25—Westmark Hotel, Fair-banks: A three day event off ering a large variety of technical sessions covering new and ongoing energy projects in Alaska, as well as new technologies and needs for Alaska’s remote communities.akruralenergy.org

� AlaskaCoalitiononHousingandHomelessnessConferenceSeptember 30- October 2—Anchorage: Events include keynote speakers and train-ing sessions. alaskahousing-homeless.org/conference

� AlaskaCommunityTransit/DepartmentofTransportationConferenceSeptember 30-October 2—Millennium Alaskan Hotel, Anchorage: Th is annual conference address transportation infor-mation and issues around the state. act-dot.com

� Arctic/ColdRegionsOilPipelineConferenceSeptember—Dena’ina Center, Anchorage: Th is conference will consist of presentations addressing the unique challenges associated with the construction and operation of pipe-lines in the Alaskan Arctic/Cold Regions.

� AlaskaFireConferenceSeptember—Kenai: Includes training, workshops, lectures, and a fi refi ghter competition. facebook.com/AlaskaFireConference

October

� AlaskaBusinessMonthly’sTop49ersLuncheonOctober 1—Dena’ina Center, Anchorage: Come honor the top ranked Alaska com-panies by revenue at our annual luncheon.Contact Melinda Schwab 907-276-4373, [email protected] or akbizmag.com

� All-AlaskaMedicalConferenceOctober 9-11—Sheraton Anchorage Hotel, Anchorage: A continuing medical education conference put on by the Alaska Academy of Physicians Assistants, provid-ing up to 25 CMEs. akapa.org

� AlaskaChapteroftheAmericanFisheriesSocietyAnnualMeetingOctober 20-24—Centennial Hall, Juneau: Th e theme for the 41st annual meeting will be “Bridging disciplines to solve today’s challenges in resource management.”afs-alaska.org

� AlaskaChamberAnnualFallConference&PolicyForumOctober 20-22—Girdwood: Th e state’s pre-mier business conference. Among this year’s topics are healthcare reform and implemen-tation, workers’ comp reform, grass roots advocacy, and small business workshops. alaskachamber.com

� AFNAnnualConventionOctober 23-25—Anchorage: Th e Alaska Federation of Natives Convention is the largest representative annual gathering in the United States of any Native peoples. Delegates are elected on a population for-mula of one representative per twenty-fi ve Native residents in the area and delegate participation rates at the annual conven-tion typically exceed 95 percent.nativefederation.org

AGENDA Compiled By Tasha Anderson



Emerging Trends in Environmental Services Emerging Trends in Environmental Services Emerging Trends in Environmental Services Emerging Trends in Environmental Services Emerging Trends in Environmental Services Emerging Trends in Environmental Services

Alaska’s environmental services com-panies are seeing a number of trends developing within the industry. For

instance, Central Recycling Services has noticed a growing interest in recycling, reuse, and salvage. Waste Management is taking a holistic approach to serving clients and promoting sustainability to avoid send-ing materials to landfi lls. Th e North Wind Group of companies is seeing more atten-tion shift ing toward the Arctic. And E3-Environmental LLC is providing more con-sulting services to larger providers who are placing a greater emphasis on stakeholder engagement, logistics, and planning.

Salvage,Recycle,ReuseCentral Recycling Services collects con-struction and demolition waste from all over Alaska and transforms it into useful products. Th e recycling facility, which sits on 7.5 acres in downtown Anchorage, uses a meticulous process to divert scrap metal, sheetrock, plastic, wood, and other materi-als from landfi lls.

First, all large and hazardous items are extracted from the debris. Everything else goes through a giant shredder, screens, and mechanical systems that pull out vari-ous materials. Th ese remaining items are sorted by hand on a long conveyor belt and recycled in excess of 75 percent of the waste (excluding hazardous materials), according to Project Manager Shane Durand. Con-crete gets crushed into road base; glass gets transformed into pipe bedding; and wood gets shredded into mulch. Cardboard and plastic are baled and sold to the Lower 48.

Central Recycling Services is a unique component of the Central family of com-panies, which also include Central Envi-ronmental, Inc. (CEI) and Central Mono-fi ll Services. Th ese companies provide full-service facility decommissioning, including all forms of remediation and abatement, demolition, recycling, and waste disposal. Th is typically involves the removal of asbestos and other hazardous materials from a facility, demolition of the facility, and recycling of the resultant

demolition debris. Any remaining on-site contamination is remediated.

Durand says the environmental services industry is placing more emphasis on recy-cling, reuse, and salvage possibilities. Th e trend is due, in part, to companies’ desire to be more environmentally responsible. A lot of fi rms are more conscious of their footprint with disposal and where material will end up. He explains, “Now, they want to know where it’s going. Th ey don’t want their waste to come back to haunt them.”

Another major factor in the trend toward recycling construction and demolition waste is LEED (Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design), the rating system for the design, construction, operation, and maintenance of green buildings.

Th e increased awareness of modern building effi ciencies is also leading the government to replace old facilities. Fed-eral goals to reduce operational costs have resulted in diff erent Facility Reduction Programs that remove antiquated build-ings burdened with high operational and maintenance costs. For instance, it may cost $300,000 to maintain an outdated fa-cility for a year, but CEI might be able to tear it down for $100,000. Th en a replace-ment structure could be erected with an annual maintenance cost of only $50,000 a year. “A lot of Alaska’s infrastructure is reaching the end of its life, resulting in the removal and replacement of obsolete facili-ties,” Durand says.

Consequently, CEI is doing a signifi cant amount of work in the area of private and public construction. Th e main environ-mental services its clients request are facil-ity removal and the recycling of construc-tion and demolition debris.

As another trend, Durand is also seeing greater demand for full-service contractors to handle all environmental aspects of a proj-ect—not piecemeal it to multiple companies. Th is type of one-stop shop gives clients better control over the entire process. Plus, it’s oft en easier on their budget. “You get a better qual-ity job when one person is doing everything. In the long run, it is cheaper,” Durand says.

CEI—which is licensed in seventeen states—has six facilities, fi ve of which are located in Alaska. Th e company handles projects from start to fi nish, off ering a full range of environmental remediation services for asbestos, lead, mercury, PCBs (Polychlorinated Biphenyls), radioactive materials, and hydrocarbon contaminants.

ManagingHazardousandNon-HazardousWasteStreams

As North America’s largest publicly-owned waste disposal company, Waste Manage-ment (WM) takes a contemporary, holistic approach to providing services and pro-moting sustainability. Besides traditional waste disposal services, WM now off ers complete site management support, in-cluding project management, logistics, and completion of paperwork and reporting (profi les, manifests, etc.). Th e Houston-based company also provides site remedia-tion, restoration, and transportation sup-port (including over-the-road and marine).

“When customers work with us, they deal with the largest disposal company in North America, which provides a level of liability protection that is unmatched in the waste in-dustry today,” says Senior Territory Manager Mike Holzschuh, who works for Energy and Environmental Services, a subsidiary of WM.

Although WM specializes in the manage-ment, transportation, and proper disposal of waste, it also provides sustainability services to divert materials from landfi lls and pro-mote reuse and recycling whenever practica-ble. In Alaska, WM serves a variety of clients, including federal and state agencies, Alaska Native corporations, and the oil and gas in-dustry. Currently, the company has waste coordinators embedded in a number of cus-tomer locations to better facilitate the mani-festing, packaging, disposal, and overall han-dling of their waste streams. Federal agencies are also working with WM to develop plans and innovative systems for recycling, reme-diation, and waste transportation.

WM is responsible for moving a signifi -cant amount of waste from Alaska down to its landfi ll in Arlington, Oregon. Roughly 45 percent of this southbound material is hazard-ous waste typically containing heavy metal or PCB contamination, according to Holzschuh. Th e remainder is non-hazardous material.

Holzschuh, who has been working with customers in Alaska for more than twenty-fi ve years, has noticed more requests for recycling. He believes it’s just a sign of the times. “Companies in Alaska are turning green, and recycling is a part of their sus-tainability goals,” he says.

In his role, Holzschuh is responsible for developing solutions on diverting waste from entering landfi lls and is also tasked with using technology to better manage the waste that does end up at the landfi ll. For example, the company’s Organic Recovery

ENVIRONMENTAL SERVICES

Promoting holistic sustainability

By Tracy Barbour


Unit uses intense heat to treat many types of waste, including refi nery tank bottoms. Th e thermal treatment option gives cus-tomers a safe, convenient, and cost-eff ec-tive way to manage their waste.

Last year, WM opened a new location near the Port of Anchorage at 1519 Ship Avenue. Th e new location also contains a permitted ten-day hazardous waste storage facility to fa-cilitate the short-term storage and consolida-tion of hazardous, as well as non-hazardous waste for its customers in Alaska. Th e ten-day facility allows WM’s customers to explore ad-ditional options when it comes to managing small waste volumes or drummed waste.

ShifttowardtheArcticandRemoteAreas

Th e North Wind Group of companies has also observed various trends relating to environmental services. For instance, the industry’s attention has shift ed north to more of an Arctic focus, according to North Wind’s Western Regional Manager Kim Kearney. “Th e melting ice pack, new gas line, and Coast Guard cold water port envi-ronmental impact statement are all part of this signifi cant shift ,” she says.

Th e small environmental, engineering, and construction services fi rm has also seen gravitation to projects at more remote sites. Kearney explains, “For the most part, the project sites along the road system have been completed or are nearing completion. Th e work is moving to more remote sites and it is, therefore, getting more expensive.”

CIRI-owned, Idaho-based North Wind provides a wide range of environmental services, including environmental inves-tigation and remediation, waste manage-ment, natural and cultural resource ser-vices, regulatory public involvement, and environmental permitting and compli-ance. Th e North Wind corporate umbrella includes North Wind, Inc., North Wind Services, North Wind Resource Consult-ing, North Wind Construction Services, North Wind Solutions, and North Wind Site Services.

In Alaska, North Wind works primarily with federal and military organizations. Th e oil, gas, and mining industries are also strong. Its clients are primarily seeking environmental investigations and reme-diation projects, as well as environmental compliance services. Kearney says North Wind has been performing similar work with similar customers for the past ten years; however, the operating environment is changing, Kearney says. “In the current economy, the industry has become more competitive,” she says.

And while much of the basic process hasn’t changed, technology—especially

information technology—has made ev-erything more interconnected. Th is has resulted in “smarter” pieces of equipment being used in the fi eld, says Kearney, who is based in the company’s Idaho Falls cor-porate offi ce, but frequently visits Alaska.

StakeholderEngagementanIncreasingEnvironmental

ConsultingTrendAs an environmental consulting fi rm, E3-Environmental LLC provides an array of services, including project planning and regulatory analysis, environmental per-mitting and impact assessments, stake-holder engagement, agency coordination and consultation, and regulatory compli-ance management. Th e company’s most commonly-requested services center on stakeholder engagement, logistics, and planning services, says President Rosetta Alcantra. A subsidiary of Calista Corpo-ration, E3-Environmental also does water quality testing and other specifi c tasks re-quested by clients. Most of its work is per-formed for oil and gas companies, village corporations, and tribal governments.

Alcantra has noticed a number of emerg-ing trends within the environmental con-sulting industry. For example, there’s somewhat of a boutique approach being adopted, with smaller companies like hers augmenting larger providers. “Smaller companies tend to be more nimble and can make quick adjustments to accommodate clients’ needs; it’s harder for larger compa-nies to do that,” she says.

For instance, although Alcantra isn’t an archeologist, she oft en consults with cli-ents on Section 106 of the National Historic Preservation Act of 1966. Section 106, spe-cifi cally, requires federal agencies to “take into account” the eff ect a federally funded or permitted project may have on historic properties. It allows interested parties an opportunity to comment on the potential impact projects may have on signifi cant ar-chaeological or historic sites.

Th at’s where E3-Environmental comes in. Th e fi rm provides consultation to en-hance stakeholder education, stages town-hall-style meetings, and performs a host of other duties to facilitate public comment on projects.

Th e engagement of stakeholders is in-creasingly becoming a larger facet of plan-ning any project, Alcantra says. It’s a criti-cal issue that encompasses a wide range of entities, including individuals, tribal governments, historic societies, and gov-ernment agencies. “It helps identify early on where your potential issues are going to take place,” she says.

If one is working on a project in a pre-

dominately subsistence community with a reliance on birds and animals, stakeholder engagement can have a huge resounding economic impact. “For example, if a poten-tial project impacts a resource area, you’re really putting the community at risk,” says Alcantra. “You need to get the right people at the table to understand what the con-cerns are.”

Today, there’s also a greater recognition that stakeholder engagement is a vital part of a project. In the past, that wasn’t neces-sarily the case. People are realizing that a thorough job is done on the front end, to help create an overall better presentation of the project, according to Alcantra. “If you don’t do an eff ective job early on [by con-necting with the community], your project is going to suff er, and your budget is going to go through the roof,” she says.

Alcantra attributes much of the height-ened sensitivity to stakeholder engagement to regulatory requirements that encourage outreach. In addition, stakeholders are be-coming much more aware of having a place at the table, and there’s also more of an edu-cation taking place with the general public.

Logistics is another environmental consulting area where trends are unfold-ing. Alcantra says logistics is an impor-tant consideration in Alaska, where many communities outside Southcentral aren’t connected by roads, lack ample hotel ac-commodations, and have unpredictable weather. Having someone who knows how to get out to these communities and who has local contacts is essential. And there’s a lot of added value in building relationships with the local community and understand-ing when it’s appropriate to come into their village to have a meeting.

Nowadays, there’s a lot more eff ort being spent on getting to know the key people in the villages, Alcantra says. “In my com-pany, we are really making that a priority,” she says. “Aft er all, the people in the vil-lages are on the receiving end of the project that we’re bringing in.”

Companies are also taking an over-all diff erent approach to executing envi-ronmental services, Alcantra says. Th ere seems to be a greater emphasis on front-end planning and understanding the level of issues involved. It only makes sense. “If you can anticipate where your issues might come up, you’re far more prepared,” Al-cantra says. “You can start working those issues early on, and it’s going to save time and budget in the long run.”



special section Oil & Gas

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By Larry Persily

Is it possible that Alaska North Slope gas will be sailing to Asian buyers by the middle of the next decade? Is it pos-sible that the state will make money by owning a piece

of the multibillion-dollar project, while also bringing aff ord-able energy to Railbelt communities?

Or could the hopes and dreams of an Alaska gas line proj-ect come up short again, just like so many times before?

Yes, to all of the above.But there are a lot of reasons why it could work this time.Energy analysts worldwide expect global natural gas demand to

grow at a strong rate—especially in Asia—for years to come. Th ey diff er only on the rate of growth. But even taking the conservative estimates, the world could need a dozen new, large-scale liquefi ed natural gas (LNG) export projects by 2025 to supply that demand.

Alaska has a shot at being one of the winners. Th e biggest reasons are distance, temperature, and reliability:

� An LNG cargo ship from Alaska can travel to Japan three times faster than a delivery from a US Gulf Coast export plant and twice as fast as a ship running from Qatar in the Middle East. At $75,000 or more for a daily charter rate, saving time means saving money on LNG deliveries.

� The liquefaction machinery would operate more effi ciently in Alaska’s cold climate, making signifi cantly more LNG than the same equipment would make in the Gulf Coast or Middle East.

� Prudhoe Bay has proven itself. Buyers like that fact. Prudhoe Bay has been running since 1977. There is no question about its gas reserves; the producers have brought the gas to the surface with the oil and then reinjected it to pressure out more oil and to safekeep the gas until the economics of a project look better. This gives an Alaska LNG project a signifi cant advantage over others around the world where developers will have to spend a lot of money to explore and prove up their gas reserves.

Of course, any Alaska oil and gas project must overcome the reality of the high costs of construction and operations in the far north, which is exactly what the LNG project team has been doing the past couple of years.

ProjectDescriptionTh e major North Slope oil and gas producers—ExxonMobil, BP, and ConocoPhillips—with pipeline partner TransCanada have

been working since early 2012 to put together a commercially viable Alaska LNG project. Early this year the state announced it wanted to get in on the deal, with Alaska lawmakers this spring working through legislation that would start negotia-tions toward a deal for state investment in the project. Th e full contract would come back to the Legislature in 2015 for a vote.

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Part of the Alaska LNG Project gas-pipeline route. The line would feed an LNG plant and export terminal at Nikiski.

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As a premium supplier of pro-cess safety and automation services, aeSolutions Alaska,

LLC helps manufacturing companies enhance production, quality and safe-ty—all while maximizing their return on investment. The company partners with clients to provide process safety risk management, safety instrumented system lifecycle management, alarm management, cybersecurity, automa-tion and a myriad of other services. “We provide process safety and con-trol systems on steroids,” said Mike Scott, PE, CFSE, Executive Vice Pres-ident of Process Safety Technology.

aeSolutions Alaska, a subsidiary of Greenville, S.C.-based aeSolutions Inc., supports clients throughout the process safety lifecycle. The compa-ny’s engineers have extensive knowl-edge of all aspects of the lifecycle. They help customers evaluate risks, identify gaps and close those gaps. When gap closure involves automa-tion, they assist with design, installa-tion and maintenance of these critical protection layers. “We work with the customer from the cradle to the grave, including decommissioning 20 years down the road,” Scott said.

Maintaining process safety and control systems can be challenging, which is why aeSolutions has de-signed industry-leading tools to make the job easier. Its innovative aeShield™ and aeFacilitator™ software effective-ly simplify the execution, monitoring and sustainability of the process safety lifecycle. “We’ve built them for opera-tions and maintenance personnel, so they can readily identify where correc-tive action is required while efficiently managing changes associated with the

data,” Scott said. Director of Alaska Business Unit

Mike Davenport adds, “We’re trying to make it easy for end users to keep up with their requirements, so they can stay competitive in the manufacturing environment while still minimizing their corporate risk.”

aeSolutions has served major oil and gas companies, refineries and other companies in Alaska since 2007, building a solid reputation for its ex-building a solid reputation for its ex-building a solid reputation for its expertise. The company’s skilled em-ployees constitute its competitive edge. “We have a very talented and energetic workforce,” Davenport said. “Once customers have an experience with our people, they come back.”

Scott says aeSolutions invests in employees to maintain their skills, and many of its 45 Alaska-based profes-sionals are leaders in their field. The company’s cybersecurity expert, for example, is among a handful of folks worldwide with a distinctive combina-tion of skills in information technolo-gy, process safety and control systems engineering. Consequently, aeSolutions provides specialized cybersecurity ser-provides specialized cybersecurity ser-provides specialized cybersecurity services that include training, strategy development, vulnerability and risk as-sessment, design, implementation and lifecycle reporting.

aeSolutions also gives clients the added value of its involvement with

developing industry requirements. Scott, who has more than 25 years of experience in risk analysis, safety in-strumented systems and control sys-tems engineering, is a member of the International Society of Automation (ISA). He also is the current Subcom-mittee Chairman for Fire and Gas Sys-tems for the ISA Safety Division and chairman of ISA’s SP84 Technical Re-port on Fire and Gas Systems. In addi-tion to instructing several ISA cours-es, Scott has facilitated panel sessions and presented papers at ISA events on safety instrumented systems.

Participating in ISA and other orga-nizations enables aeSolutions to keep clients abreast of evolving industry standards. Scott explains, “We can tell customers what’s coming their way, so they can prepare, adapt and respond to changing requirements while maxi-mizing production and maintaining a sustainable operation.”

Mike Davenport, PE, Director of Alaska Business Unit 3800 Centerpoint Dr., Suite 620Anchorage, Alaska 99503Phone: 907-865-5992Fax: 907-865-5993www.aesolns.com

aeSolutions Alaska, LLCBusinessPROFILE

sustainable operation.”

– P A I D A D V E R T I S E M E N T –

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aeSolutions’ Mike Davenport (left) and Mike Scott are helping customers improve their process safety performance.


Th e project—estimated at $45 billion to $65 billion in 2012 dollars—includes:

� Field development costs to produce the gas, especially at the Point Thomson fi eld east of Prudhoe

� A fi fty-eight-mile pipeline to bring in gas from Point Thomson

� A huge gas treatment plant at Prudhoe Bay to remove carbon dioxide and other impurities from the gas stream

� About eight hundred miles of forty-two-inch-diameter steel pipe and at compressor stations along the route

� A liquefaction plant, LNG storage tanks, and marine terminal at Nikiski, where the fuel would be loaded aboard specially designed ships to keep the LNG cold for the voyage to overseas customers. The plant’s output is planned for 15 million to 18 million metric tons of LNG per year, or about 2 billion to 2.4 billion cubic feet of natural gas a day.

DevelopmentScheduleTh e companies are in what is called pre-FEED, or front-end engineering and design. It’s the early work fi guring out what and how to build and where—early, but not inexpensive. An agree-ment signed by the four companies and the state and released in January put the pre-FEED stage at $400 million or more to be shared by all the parties.

Pre-FEED could take them through the end of 2015. If the project still looks fea-sible at that point, the next step would be FEED, which the January Heads of Agree-

ment document says would cost in the bil-lions. Th e state estimates at least $2 billion.

By 2019, according to the state, the project sponsors could have enough de-tailed cost information, sales contracts for the LNG, and confi dence in the project to make what is called a fi nal investment decision. Th at’s the critical point; the time when project developers decide whether to start ordering steel, production modules, pipe, and every-thing else to build the project.

Getting through the FEED stage is nec-essary to reach an investment decision, but it’s no guarantee the decision will be “yes.”

If the answer is yes, aft er four or fi ve years of construction, the fi rst LNG cargo could leave the dock at Nikiski by 2024.

Maybe.In addition to designing the best way

to build and operate the massive project, the partners—the state, too, if it becomes a gas owner in the project—will need to go out in the market and fi nd buyers willing to sign long-term contracts. Be-cause of the heavy upfront capital cost of LNG projects, developers need the as-surances of long-term sales deals before making the fi nal investment decision.

It’s similar to how a real estate de-veloper might buy land but would not build dozens of homes on speculation, gambling that buyers exist. Th e devel-oper would look for sales contracts, and then build what the market needs.

Th e companies are looking toward Asian markets, where LNG fetches among the highest prices in the world. Or at least it does now.

Oil-LinkedPricingIt wasn’t that long ago—as recently as 2008—that LNG in Asia sold for close to the same price as pipeline gas in North America and Europe. Th at price was not high enough to cover the cost of an Alaska project.

But unlike sellers in North America, who market their gas in the world’s larg-est, most well supplied, and most trans-parent market for natural gas, with daily posted prices on the commodities market, LNG sales to Asia are priced against oil, generally in confi dential, private, long-term deals. LNG pricing tracks oil prices on a Btu-equivalent basis since gas has a history of displacing oil in Asian power plants as a fuel to generate electricity. As oil prices last decade shot up and stayed up in the $100-per-barrel range, so, too, did LNG shoot up to record prices.

Japan’s increased reliance on LNG for power generation aft er the March 2011 Fukushima nuclear plant disas-ter—which resulted in the eventual shutdown of all of the nation’s nuclear power stations at the same time as oil and, therefore, LNG prices were at their peak—pushed the country into three straight years of trade defi cits. Th at’s especially painful, since Japan had en-joyed three decades of trade surpluses.

Th e country’s 2013 trade defi cit to-taled $112 billion. Imported LNG cost Japan more than $70 billion in 2013.

Japan, with India, South Korea, and other fuel importers, are pushing LNG suppliers to alter their pricing formula. Th e high cost of LNG—as much as $20 per million Btu on some spot-market trades during peak winter demand—is just too much for the countries to aff ord. Government price controls that hold retail natural gas prices below cost in India, China, and elsewhere also mean that LNG importers lose money on many cargoes and have to subsidize the losses.

LNG importers in Asia are acutely interested in the prospect of large vol-umes of gas coming from the multiple export plants proposed for the US Gulf Coast to take advantage of America’s abundance of aff ordable shale gas. Even

An artist’s conception of the LNG plant and marine terminal.

Rendering courtesy of Alaska LNG

The fi rst LNG tanker leaving from the Pluto LNG project in Australia when it

opened in 2012.

Photo courtesy of Woodside Petroleum


with the cost of liquefying the gas and shipping it through the Panama Canal to Asia, US Gulf Coast deliveries tied to the lower cost of North American pipe-line gas could be cheaper than today’s traditional oil-linked prices in Asia.

Buyers also want a mix of suppliers and a mix of pricing options, rather than betting everything on one option.

Pricing, competition from other LNG suppliers, and future demand are some of the unknowns that could go Alaska’s way. Or not.

RosyDemandForecastsGlobal LNG demand is a growth indus-try. Among nuclear plant shutdowns in Japan and Korea; choking coal pollu-

tion in China; population and economic growth in India, China, and elsewhere in Southeast Asia; high oil prices that can make LNG look aff ordable by compari-son—they all add up to strong demand build for LNG in the Asian market.

Th e International Energy Agency pre-dicts global demand for natural gas to grow more than twice as fast as oil over the next twenty years. Others predict even stronger growth rates for gas. Many analysts talk of a 5 percent to 6 percent annual growth rate for LNG demand through 2020, then slowing down to the 2 percent to 3 percent range through 2035.

Th at would mean the equivalent of a new, good-sized LNG export terminal will need to start up almost every year to meet that growth.

And in addition to market growth, some older LNG export plants are run-ning low on reserves.

Just this past winter, Egypt, an LNG exporter since 2005, announced it will need to import LNG for the next several years as gas production has fallen short of domestic demand. Indonesia is also feeling the squeeze between its long-standing role as an LNG exporter and

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Tracking global gas prices.

Visit our website: www.CCiindustrial.comPhone: 907.258.5755 email: [email protected]

The Hazardous and Toxic Substances and Spill Response groups completed

2013 incident free. And...

We couldn’t be more proud.

The CIC-CUI group achieved new milestones for efficiency and productivity for Corrosion-under-Insulation refurbishment.

The Coating and Painting group achieved a safe start-up of our new

Deadhorse Industrial Coating Facility.

Congratulations to our Employees!


rising domestic demand for natural gas.All of which means export project

developers are chasing not only new demand but replacement contracts for declining reserves at older projects.

Someone is going to win that new business. It will be the lowest-cost, sta-ble, predictable suppliers.

Of course, a restart of multiple nu-clear reactors in Japan could reduce Asia’s demand for natural gas. So, too, would widespread shale gas production in China, which has some of the world’s largest shale gas potential. But China’s shale fi elds generally are in arid areas of the countryside, far from the abundant

water supplies needed for large-volume hydraulic fracking operations.

And analysts generally believe it will be years before China develops the ex-pertise for horizontal drilling and frack-ing required for shale gas production.

China also has the option of pipeline gas imports, currently delivered from Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, and Myan-mar. Th at gas, while cheaper than most LNG, isn’t cheap by US standards. China paid an average $10 per million Btu for its pipeline gas imports in December 2013—and that just covered getting to the Chi-nese border, not the additional cost of internal distribution within China.

Pipeline gas imports cannot meet all of China’s demand. Th e country gets about half of its imported gas as LNG.

CrowdedCastofCompetitorsWith so many suppliers chasing the Asian market, it’s important for Alas-kans to understand that the competi-tion has its own strengths and weak-nesses, just like Alaska.

So who are Alaska’s competitors in the Asia-Pacifi c gas marketplace?Australia: Seven LNG export projects are under construction and set to open over the next three years. But most of that gas is already sold on long-term contracts. Th ose projects are not Alaska’s direct com-petition for deliveries to start in the 2020s.

Th e competition would come from new projects not yet underway and ex-pansions. But those face tough hurdles. Multibillion-dollar construction cost overruns on the current Australian proj-ects have got companies worried about repeating history and buyers wondering if there are better pricing deals elsewhere.

Meanwhile, domestic consumers in Australia are seeing price increases for natural gas, which is being drawn from the local market to higher-priced export markets. And while more production could help solve the domestic supply problem, some local jurisdictions have imposed drilling restrictions on coal-bed gas reserves that feed three of the export terminals under construction.

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2012 production averaged 31 billion cubic feet a day

In 2013, a new plant in Angola started up. U.S. (Alaska) exports ended in 2012, but Lower 48 exports are planned for later in the decade.

In 2013, a new plant in Angola started up. U.S. (Alaska) exports ended in 2012, but Lower 48 exports are planned for later in the decade.

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Which countries make LNG.


Russia: Th e country has just one export plant, but there is talk of expanding it. Russia has a plant under construction and thoughts of two more positioned to serve Asia.

Th e expansion talk at Sakhalin-2, led by Gazprom with partner Shell, is dependent on suffi cient gas reserves to justify the work. Th at plant, less than seven hundred air miles from Tokyo, opened in 2009.

Gazprom is also talking about build-ing an LNG terminal at Vladivostok on the Sea of Japan. Yes, a good location—it’s a short tanker trip from there to Ja-pan, Korea, China, or Taiwan, four of the biggest LNG buyers.

But it will take a 2,500-mile pipeline to move gas from Russia’s interior to the coast. Th e fi eld development costs and pipeline are estimated at $40 billion—not counting the LNG terminal.

Separately, Rosneft and ExxonMo-bil are doing their due diligence for an LNG plant called Sakhalin-I. Th ey have issued a contract for initial FEED work on the Russian Far East project.

In Russia’s distant Arctic, a termi-nal under construction is called Yamal LNG. It’s about halfway between Iceland and Nome. Estimated at $27 billion, the sponsors want to start making deliv-eries in three or four years. Th ey have signed up contractors for the work and ordered equipment.

Th e tricky part for Yamal is that the Northern Sea Route to Asia will be pass-able for LNG tankers only a few months each year, and even then only with gov-ernment icebreakers as escorts.

Th e rest of the year, the plan is to ship the LNG aboard ice-class tankers to Eu-ropean ports, where the LNG would be transferred to less expensive standard tankers for the long voyage down the European coast, across the Mediter-ranean Sea, through the Suez Canal, across the Indian Ocean and into Asia.

Look at the map and you see the eco-nomic challenges Yamal faces. Plus its main sponsor, Novatek, has never built or operated an LNG terminal.Canada: Th ere are multiple proposals; none have all their government autho-rizations or a fi nal investment decision. None have cleared the consultation pro-cess with every First Nation in the area and along the pipeline route.

One hurdle is cost. Th e developers

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Bar chart of the growth in global LNG trade.


that are talking about price are emphatic that they need oil-linked LNG pricing or something comparable to cover their sizable development costs. Th ere is no Prudhoe Bay production facility in Brit-ish Columbia’s Horn River and Montney shale gas plays that would feed the LNG terminals at Kitimat and Prince Rupert. Th ey have to build it. Gas has to pay for it.

Th e pipelines that would move that gas to the coast are as long as 525 miles and must span two mountain ranges.

BG Group, sponsor of a project near Prince Rupert, BC, says the pipeline could cost as much as $10 billion.

Meanwhile, the British Columbia gov-ernment has proposed a new LNG exports income tax. Th e rate would start out low, until developers recover their capital costs, then ramp up to as much as 7 percent of the net income. Several project sponsors have criticized the proposal as too severe.

Th ough the government has released the tax rate, the details are not expect-ed until legislation is introduced in the fall. Th e companies are saying they will make no project decisions until they know the tax details.The Lower 48: It’s a tough political battle, pitting those who favor the exist-ing well-supplied market and low natural gas prices for customers at home vs. the backers of a free market and exports to US trade partners. All that shale gas has trans-formed the North American gas market in just a few years from supply worries to looking for ways to sell all that gas.

Th e Department of Energy has ap-proved six LNG export licenses, total-ing 8.5 billion cubic feet of gas a day. Th at’s equal to almost 12 percent of cur-rent US gas production. But there are twenty-fi ve more applications await-ing a decision. Federal authorization is required for gas exports. Th at’s in addition to Federal Energy Regulatory Commission approval required to build and operate a liquefaction plant.

Regardless what government does, the only terminals to be built will be those that have buyers and can get fi -nancing. Just one is under construction so far, in Louisiana. Th e Federal En-ergy Regulatory Commission approval could come for a couple more projects this year, setting up the sponsors to make their fi nal investment decisions.

Other issues for Lower 48 exports in-clude $1.6 billion in disputed construc-

tion cost overruns at the Panama Canal expansion, which is essential for getting LNG tankers out of the Gulf Coast and into the Pacifi c. Th e project is delayed and is now expected to open in 2016.

One of the Gulf Coast project spon-sors said this winter that Asian buyers are putting off new long-term contracts for US gas because of the delay in know-ing just how much it will cost to use the expanded Panama Canal.

And while local opposition over envi-ronmental and safety concerns is not very noticeable for Gulf Coast LNG projects, it is extremely visible for terminals proposed for the Oregon and Maryland coasts.

Th e point is this: Like Alaska, every proposed project has its own problems, its own disadvantages, its own issues to solve. If it were quick and easy to de-velop an LNG project, more would have been built by now.

Th e winners, the terminals that get built, will be the ones that solve the problems, hold down costs, and con-vince buyers that they will start up on time with competitive prices.

TheStateasPartialOwnerTh e pre-FEED and FEED work—front-end engineering and design—is a key part of that eff ort. Th e more done well up front, the better the odds of avoiding surprises during construction.

Under the plan for state investment in the Alaska LNG project presented by Governor Sean Parnell in January, the state’s share of pre-FEED will be less than $100 million. If the project pro-ceeds to FEED, the state’s share would be in the vicinity of $250 million or more. Th e state’s slice of actual construction costs, if the project goes ahead, would be several billion dollars, most of which the state likely would borrow and then repay from LNG sales revenues.

Th e governor’s plan, which will be ne-gotiated in greater detail by the adminis-tration through 2014 and into 2015, calls for the state, through the Alaska Gasline Development Corporation, to take an ownership interest in the LNG plant. (Th e Legislature created AGDC in 2010 to develop a small-volume gas pipeline proj-ect as a backup plan, in case the larger producer-led line does not move ahead.)

TransCanada would act on the state’s behalf and own a share of the gas treat-ment plant at Prudhoe Bay and the eight

hundred-mile pipeline equal to the per-centage of gas owned by the state mov-ing down the line. Th e deal with Trans-Canada was outlined in a memorandum of understanding between the state and pipeline company, released in January 2014. Th e state would pay TransCanada a negotiated fee for using the facilities.

Th e governor’s proposal is for the state to take ownership of a percentage of the gas production from Prudhoe Bay and Point Th omson roughly equal in value to what it would receive as revenue from Alaska’s production tax. Th e tax-as-gas plan, as it is called, would put the state in the LNG business, with all the commen-surate risks and rewards. It also would give the state a voice in the project.

In addition to the tax-as-gas, the state would take ownership of its roy-alty share of gas production as the land owner. In total, Alaska would own be-tween 20 and 25 percent of the gas that moves through the project, according to the administration’s proposal. Th e state would sell its share of the gas and put the money into the treasury.

Corporate income taxes would not change under the governor’s plan. Prop-erty taxes on the treatment plant, pipeline, and LNG plant would be paid based on the volume of gas moving through the project, rather than the contentious method of as-sessing a fair market value for the assets.

Th e state taking an ownership share of the project would reduce the risk for the North Slope producers—they would not have to put up as much money for develop-ment—helping to make it a more attrac-tive investment. Th e governor and sup-porters also say state participation would better align all of the parties’ interests.

Detractors question the wisdom of state investment in a commercial en-deavor; whether the state can aff ord the investment; the risk to the state of cost overruns and delays; the fairness of the deal; and whether the state could get a better deal through tougher negotiations.

Much of that will be debated again next year, when the administration is expected to come back to the Legislature—and the Alaska public—with a binding contract for state investment in the venture.

Larry Persily has served as the federal coordinator for Alaska gas line projects since March 2010.



Alaska LNG Project and the Pre-FEED, FEED PhasesAlaska LNG Project and the Pre-FEED, FEED PhasesAlaska LNG Project and the Pre-FEED, FEED PhasesAlaska LNG Project and the Pre-FEED, FEED PhasesAlaska LNG Project and the Pre-FEED, FEED PhasesAlaska LNG Project and the Pre-FEED, FEED PhasesEarly planning, design, engineering key to LNG project success

By Bill White

Well before big money gets com-mitted to construct a liquefi ed natural gas export project,

sponsors typically spend years studying such questions as: Should this project get built? Does it make business sense? And, as the analysis progresses: Does this project continue to make sense?

Th e proposed $45 billion to $65 bil-lion Alaska LNG export project is going through that process now.

It’s the up-front planning that is criti-cal to megaproject success.

When done well, this pre-construc-tion work can be the reason a project gets built on time and on budget, and creates the kind of cash fl ow the board of directors was told to expect.

Th e work goes by diff erent names in diff erent industries. For Alaska LNG, the current work is called pre-FEED—or pre-front-end engineering and design—which will be followed by a more intense FEED phase if the project continues.

During these stages, the project team selects the technology to be used in the production units. It chooses sites for fa-cilities and does initial layouts. Utilities are plotted. Labor needs, particularly skilled-labor needs, get problem solved. Pipeline routing and the related issues—soils, vegetation, river and wetlands crossings—get documented and the best solutions determined. Needed licenses, authorizations and environmental per-mits are identifi ed and many might even be secured. Markets are assessed and reassessed. A fi nancing plan is defi ned.

For Alaska, the remote location creates logistical challenges that need detailed planning: Winter-only burial of the 800-mile pipeline because that’s when the tundra is frozen; summer-only delivery of massive gas treatment plant modules to the North Slope because that’s when Arctic sea ice is absent.

“Th e defi nition of a project, from the formation of the core team until full-

funds authorization is achieved, is what we call the FEL [front-end loading] pro-cess,” wrote development guru Edward Merrow in his 2011 book “Industrial Megaprojects: Concepts, Strategies, and Practices for Success.”

“FEL is the single most important predictive indicator of project success. Th ere are very few project profession-als in the process industries who do not agree with the basic principle that defi -nition and planning drive success, and those who don’t should probably be in some other line of work.”

Merrow is founder and president of Independent Project Analysis Inc., a major consultancy whose client list in-cludes some of the biggest companies in the world. IPA conducted a megaprojects seminar for Alaska lawmakers in 2011.

“Megaprojects are the most important projects in any industrial company’s portfolio,” Merrow said in his book.

“When they succeed, the company is strengthened for the long term. When they fail, massive amounts of share-holder wealth can be made to evaporate in a single project.”

Even though good up-front planning means better project results, half of all megaprojects in his company’s vast da-tabase fail to meet that standard, and their failure rate is high. LNG projects do a little better than this average “but not systematically so,” he said.

For Alaska LNG, Steve Butt is the man charged with making sure the up-front planning is excellent. He’s a career Exx-onMobil manager and the senior project manager for this project, having worked

stints with ExxonMobil most recently on its big LNG projects in Qatar.

“Megaprojects are oft en defi ned as projects over $1 billion,” Butt told an Alaska Senate Resources Commit-tee on Feb. 3. “In today’s world they’re sometimes defi ned as projects over $10 billion. By any metric this is one of the largest megaprojects ever, and in some ways it’s really fi ve megaprojects, each one working with each other. ...

“No one has ever permitted a project this large. No one has ever permitted an 800-mile pipeline in the NEPA (en-vironmental impact statement) era in the U.S. No one has ever done an LNG plant this big or a gas treatment plant this big. We’ll have to do all three.”

Hundred-Million-DollarQuestions

“Ignorance is the mother of research.”—Laurence J. Peter, founder of the

Peter Principle

ExxonMobil owns the largest propor-tion of North Slope gas that would be produced for the Alaska LNG project, and it is leading the technical team among the four companies scoping the project—North Slope producers BP and ConocoPhillips as well as pipeline com-pany TransCanada are the other three.

ExxonMobil has a reputation for tightly controlling its LNG projects, such as the massive Qatar plants built during the fi rst decade of the 2000s. Its Papua New Guinea project is over budget due to unfavorable currency exchange rates, landowner protests, labor work stop-

The project is “so big it creates its own weather, and if we’re not careful it competes with itself . . . so we have to plan this very carefully.”

—Steve ButtSenior Project Manager, Alaska LNG


pages and bad weather, but it’s still on schedule to start production this year.

“Before we make the first cut with a saw, we re-measure five times instead of one,” an ExxonMobil executive said in The Wall Street Journal in January 2014 of the company’s megaproject planning.

Butt talked with the Alaska Senate Re-sources Committee about the challenges of the project he is overseeing, including planning a megaproject that needs labor, resources and equipment that can han-dle Alaska’s extreme environment.

“It’s so big it creates its own weath-er, and if we’re not careful it competes with itself, because we don’t want to have challenges with welders on Part A working at odds or at issues with Part B. So we have to plan this very carefully so we level-load this work, we make sure we get the resources we need for the right craft skills and we don’t compete with ourselves. That’s very important.”

The team he oversees is looking at ev-ery detail, to narrow the estimated $45 billion to $65 billion price range and pin it as low in that range as possible.

“We go from really big questions—multibillion-dollar questions—and we just keep grinding it down: Hundred-million-dollar questions, ten-million-dollar questions, million-dollar ques-tions, until we get to such a high level of certainty you move to a place where the investors are ready to make a decision,” he said. “They want to know that you’ve resolved all those uncertainties.”

He cited some examples.The steel for the 800-mile, 42-inch-

diameter pipeline would be what’s known as X80—extra-strength steel that, if you extracted a plug from it and strained the plug, could withstand 80,000 pounds of pressure per square inch. Ultra high-end stuff.

“We’re looking real hard at the mate-rials,” Butt said. “The type of material is really important because it defines the amount of steel in the line and the type of steel in the line, and that tells you who can make it, how many mills can you get it from and what it’s going to cost. So one of things we have to study in pre-FEED is the material on that pipeline design. ... Can you go to X70? There’s little questions that drive huge value, because this system is so big, any little change you make is hundreds of millions of dollars.”

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Th e natural gas produced at Prudhoe Bay—the main fi eld that will feed Alas-ka LNG—is tainted with about 12 per-cent carbon dioxide. Th e project is plan-ning a multibillion-dollar gas treatment

plant to extract the CO2 because it would foul up the LNG plant, doesn’t burn and LNG buyers don’t want it in their gas. Recently Butt’s team reconceived the gas treatment plant, streamlining it from an

earlier design and syncing it with design of the liquefaction plant to be built 800 miles to the south.

“Th at’s a lot of money we saved,” Butt told the committee. “But more im-portantly, it means the system in the north—with three trains for treating—is now balanced with the system in the south—with three trains for liquefaction. For operations and maintenance over the next 35 years it a much better balanced system. So this is a pretty big achieve-ment for us that we’ve been working on over the last several months. It’s a huge cost savings and risk reduction.”

Offi cially, people involved with Alas-ka LNG, including state of Alaska offi -cials, dub the phase the project is cur-rently in as pre-FEED, or pre-front-end engineering and design.

Th is phase is a precursor to a more formal—and expensive—stage called FEED, which in turn leads up to a fi nal investment decision, or FID, on wheth-er or not to construct the project.

One thing to know about FEED in par-ticular is that this is a term commonly used in the LNG industry but isn’t all that universal within the engineering

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Graphic from October 2012 outlining the stages and decision points antici-pated for the Alaska LNG export project. The project is in the pre-FEED stage currently.

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world. Other words cover the same scope of project work—Merrow in a passage quoted above spoke of front-end loading, or FEL, a more common term.

Pre-FEED is starting to get used more widely to describe the LNG proj-ect-related activities that occur before FEED—there can be many such activi-ties, so a term for them can be handy.

In the case of the Alaska LNG project, FEED would include:

n Enough engineering of the project so that contracts can be let for final engineering, procurement and construction (called EPC). EPC contracts are where the BIG money gets spent and the project is built.

n Crafting a plan for supplying, commissioning and starting up the Alaska LNG infrastructure—the gas treatment plant, gas pipeline, LNG plant and all related facilities.

n An estimate of the capital costs itemized in sufficient detail that corporate directors charged with making the yes-no final investment decisions are comfortable with their choice.

n A final assessment of environmental, social and health impacts.

n Action on procuring anything for the project that requires long lead times.

These are standard activities during FEED.Pre-FEED would involve engineer-

ing, design, technical and other work needed to prepare for FEED. This in-cludes conducting enough environ-mental field work and designing the project in enough detail to support ap-plications to the Federal Energy Regula-tory Commission for authority to build and operate the project. At a minimum, FERC would oversee the LNG plant construction and possibly the pipeline and gas treatment plant. The commis-sion would produce an environment impact statement as part of its review.

At the end of the pre-FEED stage, each company sponsoring the project would decide if it wants to continue to FEED based on the information gathered so far.

“The purpose of Pre-FEED is to prog-ress technical work that would provide

each of the Alaska LNG Parties with suf-ficient information for evaluating the technical, cost and schedule aspects of the Alaska LNG Project,” says the Janu-ary 2014 Heads of Agreement signed by the state, the three major North Slope producers and TransCanada.

The pre-FEED, combined with other commercial, legal, economic, financial and marketing information, will help all of the parties decide whether to spend bil-lions of dollars on FEED, the HOA says.

Joe Balash, Alaska commissioner of Natural Resources, and Michael Pawlows-

ki, Alaska deputy commissioner of Rev-enue, told the Senate Resources Commit-tee on Feb. 7 the pre-FEED phase should last up to 18 months and involve about $435 million in spending. Pending Alaska Legislature action before it adjourns in April, the parties committed in the HOA to ramping up pre-FEED in 2014.

The agreement says the FEED decision would occur within three years after pre-FEED ramp-up begins—that could put it at late 2016 or early 2017. Balash and Pawlowski told the Senate commit-tee the more intense FEED stage would


span two to three years and roughly es-timated it would involve about $1.8 bil-lion in spending. Th e HOA says FEED would cost “billions of dollars.”

IsThatBigMoney?Now, $2.4 billion in pre-FEED and FEED expenditures that the state of Alaska estimates might sound like BIG money, and it is.

But for a $45 billion to $65 billion project, it’s only about 5 percent of the total. It’d be like saying a 10-story building is tall—perhaps in some cities, but not in Manhattan.

Five percent CapEx spending through FEED is about normal for megaproj-ects, according to Merrow and others.

Pre-construction spending for a typ-ical large LNG project might involve just 6 percent of the overall capital ex-penditures, with the other 94 percent of spending coming aft er the fi nal in-vestment decision, or FID, to build the project.

For LNG projects, fi gure 6 percent, said Nikos Tsafos of Enalytica Inc., a consul-tant to the Alaska Legislature on the LNG project, in November 2013. Th e other 94

percent gets spent aft er the fi nal invest-ment decision to build. Th is encompass-es all the fi nal engineering, purchase of

materials and construction spending. In January, Tsafos loosened his estimate to “less than 10 percent” before FID.

“Before you get to fi nal investment decision, you haven’t spent any real money,” Tsafos told the Legislative Budget and Audit Committee Jan. 28. “It’s not ‘real money’ in the context of $65 billion.

“Th e reason this matters (the pre-FEED and FEED spending) is because by the time you get to FID, you haven’t re-solved but you have found an answer to most of the things you are worried about.

“So it’s not the type of project where you put in $65 billion and as you’re put-ting the money down you’re thinking, ‘Well, how should we do this? Who should we market it to? How should we fi nance it?’ It doesn’t work that way.

“By the time the large bulk of that in-vestment takes place, all these things will have been sorted out. Maybe not to a 100 percent. You may not have signed every single deal with everyone. But you’ll have a pretty precise idea about what each one of these things (upstream, midstream, lique-faction, shipping, marketing, fi nance, per-mitting) are going to look like,” Tsafos said.

Pre-construction spending for a typi-cal large LNG project might involve just 6 percent of the overall capital ex-penditures, with the other 94 percent of spending coming after the fi nal in-vestment decision, or FID, to build the project. SOURCE: PFC ENERGY


ACHIEVE MORE

ALASKAFOCUSED ON

ALASKA

“So, yes it’s a big project, it’s a mas-sive project. But the call of capital really comes only aft er you’ve had an enor-mous amount of time to spend to study all the permutations of the options in coming up with a schedule and a proj-ect structure that is comfortable to all the project partners.”

WhatCanGoWrong?“It ain’t what you don’t know that gets you into trouble. It’s what you know for sure that just ain’t so.”

—Mark Twain (some say)

One needn’t look hard to fi nd mega-projects that became big messes. Way over budget. Way behind schedule. Th at didn’t work as planned.

Take Denver International Airport, a favorite case study in the annals of proj-ect management disasters.

It opened in 1995, 16 months behind schedule and 80 percent—$2 billion—over budget. Its much-touted automat-ed baggage-handling system “became famous for its ability to mangle or misplace a good portion of everything that wandered into its path,” as the New York Times put it. Th e airport scrapped it in 2005, replacing it with humans. A triumph of man over machine.

Th e textbooks call Denver’s failure a classic case of inadequate pre-FID work, of reliance on untested technolo-gies, of “optimism bias.” And, a fl aw that sometimes infects big-ticket public works projects that politicians really want. It’s called “strategic misrepresen-tation”—the cloaking of true costs from the public for fear they would rebel.

Other favorite examples: Boston’s Big Dig tunnel—original budget $2.8 billion, ultimate cost $22 billion—and the Chunnel connecting England and France—20 percent late; 80 percent more expensive than forecast.

Among LNG projects, the Chevron-led Gorgon project under way off Australia’s west coast is more than 40 percent over budget as the sponsors endure a trickier environment, and costlier labor and ma-terials than expected, as well as an unfa-vorable exchange rate and some acutely nasty cyclones. Th ese are all issues that developers try to foresee and address during pre-FEED and FEED.

Angola LNG was supposed to start up in 2012. It fi nally shipped its fi rst load

in July 2013, more than a year behind schedule. Chevron is a partner here, too, and the CEO said Jan. 31, 2014, “we have had some technical issues on the front end of that plant.” Likely the plant will operate at just half capacity in 2014 and ideally will hit full capacity some-time in 2015, he said.

MoneyWellSpentIn his book, Merrow said a project with severe and continuing production problems in its initial years is a failure by defi nition.

Aft er spending billions or tens of billions upfront on megaprojects, the corporate board wants its payoff , and that starts the moment the plant gets switched on. A late start or a slow start mean a lot less cash infl ow than the di-rectors were told to expect.

“Th e early years’ production are the most valuable the project will ever have,” Merrow said. When lost, they’re lost for good.

Although there are no ironclad laws about these things, there are some gen-eral rules of thumbs circulating in the


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industry’s literature about what consti-tutes a problem project besides start-up production problems: big cost overruns or big schedule slips—say 25 percent beyond what they should be.

“Megaproject results are frequently seriously short of the expectations of the sponsor-investors,” Merrow wrote. “Th eir cost overruns are oft en so signifi cant that the whole project becomes NPV negative.”

Negative NPV—or net present val-ue—does not mean unprofi table, it should be noted, but rather that the re-turn on investment is below the inves-tor’s requirements.

“Th e real question is whether the investment you made up-front is opti-mal or not, or whether having put that money elsewhere would have generated a better return. So it’s not really usually about losing money. It’s about the opti-mal use of money,” Tsafos explained to the Alaska Legislative Budget and Au-dit Committee in January 2014.

Megaprojects whose pre-FEED and FEED are well done—Merrow calls these stages FEL-1 through FEL-3—have good track records for producing plants that operate as expected, accord-ing to his company’s database.

Megaprojects are headed for trouble if the partners’ interests are out of sync, if they skimp on pre-FEED and FEED staffi ng, if they’re under such schedule pressure that corners get cut, if they short-change upfront planning because it can be expensive.

“We hear things like, ‘Why should it cost so much money? I once front-end loaded a big project on a napkin over a beer.’ If you are the project director, now would be a good time to post your resume,” Merrow said in his book.

“Doing a thorough job defi ning and planning an industrial megaproject takes 3 to 5 percent of eventual total capital cost. Let’s be clear; on a megaproject that is a lot of money. Th e cost, however, of not spend-ing the money is much, much more.”

Used with permission, this article fi rst appeared online at arcticgas.gov, on the website of the

Offi ce of the Federal Coordinator for the Alaska Natural Gas Transportation Projects.

Bill White is a researcher and writer for the Offi ce of the Federal Coordinator for the Alaska Natural Gas Transportation Projects.


Community and business leaders in Fairbanks are very worried about the potential loss of the Flint Hills Resources refi nery that operates at North Pole, east

of the Interior city. Flint Hills has said that it will close the refi nery this summer due to a variety of problems but has also been working on a possible sale. A sale to another owner has been complicated, however, by contamination that was discovered on the property and the fi nancial liabilities that have been created.

Flint Hills Refinery Flint Hills Refinery Flint Hills Refinery Changing hands

again

By Mike Bradner

special sectionOil & Gas

©Chris Arend/AlaskaStock.com


Th e possible loss of the refi nery is a blow to the community not just in terms of jobs—Flint Hills employs 126 in Alaska—and taxes paid to local mu-nicipalities. Th e refi nery is also impor-tant symbolically because it made the Interior largely suffi cient in fuel supply, an important consideration given the region’s traditionally cold winters.

Flint Hills has asked the State of Alaska to consider a way to protect a new buyer from lawsuits and penalties over the contamination. State offi cials are working on this, but issues of liabil-ity from pollution are complex and it may take some time.

InteriorFuelNeedsSince large oil discoveries were made in the late 1960s on the North Slope and the Trans Alaska Pipeline System (TAPS) was fi rst planned, a key goal of com-munity leaders in Interior Alaska was to encourage development of a refi nery in Interior Alaska to supply fuel needs.

Th ere was a strong desire to no lon-ger depend on a long fuel supply chain

from Southcentral Alaska and the Pacifi c Northwest, particularly since large volumes of crude oil were fl owing through TAPS right past Fairbanks.

Th e concern was not so much price, fuel prices in the Interior have never been a bargain, but more the possibil-ity of a fuel supply disruption in an extended transportation system from Southcentral Alaska and the Pacifi c Northwest.

Flint Hills does not divulge informa-tion on quantities of fuel it produces, but according to information published by the state Division of Oil and Gas in 2013 in its Best Interest Finding for a sale of royalty oil, Flint Hills was pro-ducing, per day, about 670,000 gallons of jet fuel, 143,000 gallons of gasoline, 41,000 gallons of home heating oil, and 68,000 to 194,000 gallons of other prod-ucts such as high-sulfur diesel; HAGO, a form of heavy oil used in power gen-eration; naphtha; and asphalt.

Th e numbers are based on refi nery operations at less than full capacity and when Flint Hills was taking about

thirty thousand barrels per day of state royalty oil that it purchased to make products. When all three of the refi n-ery’s crude oil processing units were in production, Flint Hills was taking about seventy thousand barrels per day of royalty oil, the only source of crude oil. Currently the company is operating with only one unit.

AlaskaRefineriesTh e Flint Hills refi nery was originally built in 1976, a venture of Texas-based Earth Resources, an independent com-pany. It began operations in late 1977 at North Pole, east of Fairbanks, fol-lowing the completion of TAPS start of crude oil production at Prudhoe Bay. A second refi nery was built by PetroStar, an Alaska-based company now owned by Arctic Slope Regional Corporation, following construction of the Earth Resources plant. PetroStar also owns a small refi nery near Valdez.

Since it started up, the Flint Hills re-fi nery has gone through several chang-es of ownership, from Earth Resources

Flint Hills Resources North Pole refi nery.

Photo courtesy of Flint Hills Resources


to Mapco in 1980 and to the Williams Companies, which assumed owner-ship and operation of Mapco’s assets in 1998. Mapco also developed a number of retail gasoline and diesel outlets to sell products made in the refi nery.

In 2004 Williams sold the refi nery to Flint Hills Resources, the present owner. Flints Hills is a subsidiary of Koch Industries and operates refi ner-ies elsewhere. Flint Hills opted not to purchase the Mapco/Williams retail outlets, and these were sold to Holiday Stationstores, Inc., a privately held US

fuels marketing company that works with Flint Hills elsewhere and is based in Minnesota.

Alaska has one other refi nery. It has operated since 1968 and is designed to handle the lighter crude oils from Cook Inlet. Located at Nikiski, near Kenai, it is owned by Tesoro Corporation.

CrudeOilIssuesFlint Hills is unique among the Alaska refi neries in that it is solely dependent on state royalty oil as a source of crude oil. PetroStar and Tesoro buy crude

oil from other sources, including the private North Slope producers and, in Tesoro’s case, from Cook Inlet produc-ers and even overseas suppliers.

Th e state entered into a long-term, twenty-fi ve-year contract to supply roy-alty crude oil to Earth Resources when the refi nery was built. Th at contract, for thirty-fi ve thousand barrels per day, was eventually assigned to Mapco and then Williams, although both companies also negotiated separate contracts for additional royalty oil. When Flint Hills purchased the refi nery in 2004, the state signed a new contract for royalty oil that also included a small premium to the state on top of the previously-negotiated price based on the average prices and payments by the major producers for their royalties. While state offi cials have argued the premium is not enough to be a signifi cant factor in the refi nery’s economics, Flint Hills disagreed, saying that the premium doesn’t help it, either.

A key problem for all of the Alaska refi neries, but particularly the Interior refi neries, is that the Alaska market isn’t large enough for them to oper-ate as refi neries do elsewhere in larger markets where refi neries are built large enough to enjoy economies of scale and use all or almost of the crude oil in the making of products. Tesoro’s plant near Kenai is more fully equipped than the Interior refi neries, which are smaller and simpler in design, but even Tesoro can’t fully use the “lower end” oil of the crude oil it receives, and oft en sells this residual oil at a loss.

Th e Flint Hills and two PetroStar re-fi neries cannot use all of the crude oil, ei-ther, but they are allowed by TAPS own-ers to return their unused residual oil to

Flint Hills Resources workers creating effi ciencies at the North Pole Refi nery.

Photo courtesy of Flint Hills Resources

The possible loss of the refinery is a blow to the community not just in terms of jobs—Flint Hills employs 126 in Alaska—and tax-es paid to local municipalities. The refinery is also important symbolically because it made the Interior largely sufficient in fuel supply, an important con-sideration given the region’s tra-ditionally cold winters.


the pipeline. Th ese plants essentially use the higher, more valuable, parts of the crude oil to make products, mainly jet fuel, gasoline, and diesel, but when they return unused, lower-quality residual oil to TAPS, the eff ect is to slightly di-minish the overall blended quality of the oil fl owing through the pipeline. Th e Flint Hills and PetroStar refi neries pay a penalty for this to the other TAPS shippers, mostly North Slope producers, who send their oil through TAPS. Th e penalty has varied over the years and has increased recently, which had be-come a concern to Flint Hills.

Th e ability to send the unused por-tion of the oil, the residual, back to TAPS is an advantage, although the fi nancial penalty is paid, because the refi nery does not have to fi nd a use for the residual—it is just blended back in with the crude oil in TAPS. Th e Tesoro refi nery, which is on the Kenai Penin-sula and far from the pipeline, does not have this advantage. When it purchases North Slope crude oil, Tesoro must ship the oil itself from Valdez to Nikiski (the company uses its own small shuttle tankers) and must also fi nd a use for the lower-end residual oil left aft er products are made by Tesoro. Sometimes the re-sidual can be sold for a small profi t and sometimes it must be sold at a loss.

Tesoro’s major product is gasoline along with jet fuel. It is the largest sup-plier of gasoline in Southcentral Alas-ka. Flints Hills, for its part, is primarily a jet fuel producer, much of which is shipped to Anchorage, but is also the major supplier of gasoline and heating oil in the Interior. Th at includes supply-ing heating oil to the Yukon River com-munities that are served by barge from Nenana on the Tanana River southwest of Fairbanks. Th e fuel is trucked from the Flint Hills refi nery to Nenana.

PetroStar has meanwhile carved out a niche as a major supplier of jet fuel to military bases, such as Eielson Air Force Base near Fairbanks, although the company also serves marine cus-tomers from Valdez.

CommercialChallengesTh e major commercial challenges for the Flint Hills refi nery are well known, and some of these are shared by PetroStar. Chief among Flint Hills’ challenges is that the refi nery is relatively simple (and

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is sometimes called a “topping plant”) with the ability to make only certain products. It makes jet fuel, its primary product, as well as gasoline, a heating oil (akin to diesel), and a few other products including asphalt, which is important for highway maintenance and construction. Flint Hills opted not to install the equip-ment necessary to make ultra-low sulfur diesel, or ULS diesel, which is required for use by trucks operating on highways and some off -road equipment. Tesoro did make the investment to manufac-ture ULS diesel, as did Petro Star at its Valdez refi nery. Flint Hills off ers ULS to its customers, but purchases the product from others, such as Tesoro or PetroStar.

However, the major commercial prob-lem for Flint Hills has been the steady erosion of its large market share in jet fuel sales to commercial airlines operat-ing through Ted Stevens Anchorage In-ternational Airport. Th e airlines, many of which are joined together in a bulk fuels-purchasing consortium, have been importing increasing amounts of for-eign jet fuel, which is less expensive. Th e airline consortium has invested in ad-ditional bulk fuel storage capacity at the Anchorage airport to store imported fuel, and improvements at the Port of Anchor-age, where fuel is unloaded, have helped facilitate this. Th e eff ect, however, has been a gradual loss of the jet fuel busi-ness for Flint Hills, which caused the company to fi rst close one, and then two, of its three crude oil process units at the North Pole refi nery, leaving only one unit in operation. Now that may close as well.

Th e loss of the jet fuel market has resulted in reducing Flint Hills’ fuel shipments on the Alaska Railroad. Fuel

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Meanwhile, if the refinery shuts down in June there will be sub-stantial changes in the way fuel is transported and distributed in the Interior. PetroStar does not make gasoline at its North Pole plant, so gasoline will have to be shipped into the Interior. It’s likely that quantities of heating oil will also have to be shipped north.


transportation for Flint Hills has been one of the railroad’s most profi table sources of freight revenue, so the trick-le-down eff ect of the refi nery’s problems have aff ected the railroad. If the refi nery closes, the total loss of the business will result in no southbound fuel shipments for the railroad, although there would be more northbound fuel to supply the Interior communities. Th e northbound fuel volumes—largely expected to be gasoline and diesel—will not make up for the loss of southbound shipments of jet fuel, railroad offi cials have said.

Meanwhile, if the refi nery shuts down in June, there will be substantial changes in the way fuel is transported and distributed in the Interior. Petro-Star does not make gasoline at its North Pole plant, so gasoline will have to be shipped into the Interior. It’s likely that quantities of heating oil will also have to be shipped north.

No fuel shortages are foreseen, but there could be some higher costs due to the extra transportation. It is likely that changes will have to be made in storage facilities, because the sizes and loca-tions of bulk storage tanks that exist for the fuel being distributed from the refi nery may be diff erent than for fuel shipped north by rail or truck.

Fuel to the Yukon River communities may come increasingly via a diff erent route as well, through the Bering Sea and lower Yukon upriver, rather than by rail or truck to Nenana, and then downriver.

Th e spill at the refi nery involves sul-folane, a chemical commonly used in gasoline production. It seeped into the soil at the refi nery during the years that Williams owned and operated the plant. Th is was acknowledged to Flint Hills when the refi nery was purchased and Williams posted a $40 million insur-ance policy to help pay for any contami-nation. However, the spill on the refi nery property has spread beyond the property and is continuing to spread. How that is dealt with, as well as the contamination of residential water wells in the area, are among the issues Flint Hills and state of-fi cials are now dealing with.

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Mike Bradner is editor and publisher of the Alaska Legislative Digest and Alaska Economic Report.



"

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Deadhorse

PrudhoeBay

Umiat

¹

0 10 20 Miles

Wells Spud 2014

Wells Spud 2013

Wells Spud 2012

! ! Trans Alaska Pipeline

Dalton Highway

Units

Alaska Seaward Boundary

Map Location

National Petroleum Reserve - Alaska

Arctic National Wildlife Refuge

Teshekpuk Lake

Beaufort SeaSmithBay

Badami

Dewline

Liberty

DuckIsland

PrudhoeBay

Northstar

BeecheyPoint

MilnePoint

Nikaitchuq

Oooguruk

ColvilleRiver

Tofkat

Placer

Kachemach

S.MiluveachGreaterMoosesTooth

BearTooth

KuparukRiver

Qugruk

Point Thomson

SIVULLIQ N

MERAK 1

RED WOLF 2

ALCOR 1KACHEMACH 1

SHARK TOOTH 1

CASSIN 6

QUGRUK 1

NUNA 1 & 2

SIKUMI 1

UMIAT 18

QUGRUK 4

NORTH TARN 1 & 1A MUSTANG 1

QUGRUK 2 & 6

QUGRUK 3 & 3A

CASSIN 1

UMIAT 23H

TUTTU 1

RENDEZVOUS 3

QUGRUK 7QUGRUK 5

ConocoPhillipsPermitting for expanded viscous oil development at Kuparuk River Unit North East West Sak 1H pad; first

production targeted for 2017.

ConocoPhillipsPlans to drill Rendezvous 3 and Flattop 1 in Greater Mooses Tooth unit in winter 2014.

In early permitting stages for GMT-1 calling for 33-well capacity gravel pad connected

to CD-5 by a gravel access road.

CGG Land Inc.Permitted Great Bear and Niksik 3-D surveys to acquire a total of up to 1,010 square miles

during the 2014 season.

Division of Oil and GasNorthern Alaska areawide lease sales tentatively scheduled for November 2014, encompassing

14.7 million acres in North Slope, Beaufort Sea, and North Slope Foothills sale areas.

Repsol Drilling two appraisal wells into the Qugruk

prospect (Q-5 and Q-7) and one exploration well (Tuttu 1) southeast of Kuparuk River Unit.

Brooks Range PetroleumStart of Mustang production targeted for

fourth quarter 2014. Five mile gravel access road and production pad now in place.

Pioneer Natural Resources - Caelus EnergyAmended agreement to sell Pioneer’s Alaskan asset to Caelus Energy Alaska for $300 million.

Chukchi Sea OCS

Shell, Statoil, ConocoPhillipsExploration plans on hold following federal appeals court ruling that BOEM must address shortcomings

of environmental impacts analysis for the 2008 lease sale that drew record bids totaling $2.6 billion.

ConocoPhillipsConstruction on CD-5 scheduled to begin first quarter 2014; drilling operations to commence

in mid 2015 with startup late 2015.

Linc EnergySpud Umiat 23H horizontal well to provide flow testing comparison to Umiat 18 vertical well. Linc’s intent is to move reserves to proven and firm up plans to utilize horizontal drilling to commercially develop the field.

ConocoPhillipsPermitting a 24-well 2S pad,

access road, gravel mine, pipelines, and power lines;

expects to install infrastructure 2014 and bring Shark Tooth

area online by late 2015.

NordAq EnergyPlanning a multiyear oil and gas

exploration program in the Smith Bay area; multiple permitted well locations for drilling winter seasons 2015-2016.

SAE AlaskaPermitted Nigliq-Fiord and Big Bend

3-D surveys to acquire up to 650 square miles during 2014 season.

Global Geophysical Services, Inc.Permitted Schrader Bluff 3-D seismic survey to acquire up to 293 square miles for Repsol

USA Inc. during the 2014 winter season.

CGG Land, Inc.Permitted Cronus 3-D survey for up to 267

square miles south of Colville River and Greater Mooses Tooth units.

Division of Oil and GasDNR deferred 11 lease tracts, totaling approximately 28,000 acres, from the 2013 North Slope and Beaufort Sea areawide lease sales

to make acreage available for long term production testing of onshore gas hydrates. These tracts may be deferred again in 2014.

CGG Land, Inc.Permitted West Canning 3-D survey for up to 366 square miles southeast of Badami

unit and south of Pt. Thomson unit.

North Slope Oil and Gas ActivityState of Alaska, Department of Natural Resources, Division of Oil and Gas, March 2014

North Slope ExplorersNorth Slope ExplorersNorth Slope ExplorersNorth Slope ExplorersNorth Slope ExplorersNorth Slope ExplorersNorth Slope ExplorersNorth Slope ExplorersNorth Slope ExplorersNorth Slope ExplorersNorth Slope ExplorersNorth Slope ExplorersNorth Slope ExplorersNorth Slope ExplorersNorth Slope ExplorersNorth Slope ExplorersNorth Slope ExplorersNorth Slope ExplorersNorth Slope ExplorersNorth Slope ExplorersNorth Slope ExplorersNorth Slope ExplorersNorth Slope ExplorersNorth Slope ExplorersNorth Slope ExplorersNorth Slope ExplorersNorth Slope ExplorersNorth Slope ExplorersNorth Slope ExplorersNorth Slope ExplorersNorth Slope ExplorersNorth Slope ExplorersNorth Slope ExplorersNorth Slope ExplorersNorth Slope ExplorersNorth Slope ExplorersNorth Slope ExplorersNorth Slope ExplorersNorth Slope ExplorersNorth Slope ExplorersNorth Slope ExplorersNorth Slope ExplorersNorth Slope ExplorersNorth Slope ExplorersNorth Slope ExplorersNorth Slope ExplorersNorth Slope ExplorersNorth Slope ExplorersNorth Slope ExplorersNorth Slope ExplorersNorth Slope ExplorersNorth Slope ExplorersNorth Slope ExplorersNorth Slope ExplorersNorth Slope ExplorersNorth Slope ExplorersNorth Slope ExplorersNorth Slope ExplorersNorth Slope ExplorersNorth Slope ExplorersNorth Slope ExplorersNorth Slope ExplorersNorth Slope ExplorersNorth Slope ExplorersNorth Slope ExplorersNorth Slope ExplorersNorth Slope ExplorersNorth Slope ExplorersNorth Slope ExplorersNorth Slope ExplorersNorth Slope ExplorersNorth Slope ExplorersNorth Slope ExplorersNorth Slope ExplorersNorth Slope ExplorersNorth Slope ExplorersNorth Slope ExplorersNorth Slope ExplorersNorth Slope ExplorersNorth Slope ExplorersNorth Slope ExplorersNorth Slope ExplorersNorth Slope ExplorersNorth Slope ExplorersNorth Slope ExplorersNorth Slope ExplorersNorth Slope ExplorersNorth Slope ExplorersNorth Slope ExplorersNorth Slope ExplorersNorth Slope ExplorersNorth Slope ExplorersNorth Slope ExplorersNorth Slope ExplorersNorth Slope ExplorersNorth Slope ExplorersNorth Slope ExplorersNorth Slope ExplorersNorth Slope ExplorersNorth Slope ExplorersNorth Slope ExplorersNorth Slope ExplorersNorth Slope ExplorersNorth Slope ExplorersNorth Slope ExplorersNorth Slope ExplorersNorth Slope ExplorersNorth Slope ExplorersNorth Slope ExplorersNorth Slope ExplorersNorth Slope ExplorersNorth Slope ExplorersNorth Slope ExplorersNorth Slope ExplorersNorth Slope ExplorersNorth Slope ExplorersNorth Slope ExplorersNorth Slope ExplorersNorth Slope ExplorersNorth Slope ExplorersNorth Slope ExplorersNorth Slope ExplorersNorth Slope ExplorersNorth Slope ExplorersNorth Slope ExplorersNorth Slope ExplorersNorth Slope ExplorersNorth Slope ExplorersNorth Slope ExplorersNorth Slope ExplorersNorth Slope ExplorersNorth Slope ExplorersNorth Slope ExplorersNorth Slope ExplorersNorth Slope ExplorersNorth Slope ExplorersNorth Slope ExplorersNorth Slope ExplorersNorth Slope ExplorersNorth Slope ExplorersNorth Slope ExplorersNorth Slope ExplorersNorth Slope ExplorersNorth Slope ExplorersNorth Slope ExplorersNorth Slope ExplorersNorth Slope ExplorersNorth Slope ExplorersNorth Slope ExplorersNorth Slope ExplorersNorth Slope ExplorersNorth Slope ExplorersNorth Slope ExplorersNorth Slope ExplorersNorth Slope ExplorersNorth Slope ExplorersNorth Slope ExplorersNorth Slope ExplorersNorth Slope ExplorersNorth Slope ExplorersNorth Slope ExplorersNorth Slope ExplorersNorth Slope ExplorersNorth Slope ExplorersNorth Slope ExplorersNorth Slope ExplorersNorth Slope ExplorersNorth Slope ExplorersNorth Slope ExplorersNorth Slope ExplorersNorth Slope ExplorersNorth Slope ExplorersNorth Slope ExplorersNorth Slope ExplorersNorth Slope ExplorersNorth Slope ExplorersNorth Slope ExplorersNorth Slope ExplorersNorth Slope ExplorersNorth Slope ExplorersNorth Slope ExplorersNorth Slope ExplorersNorth Slope ExplorersNorth Slope ExplorersNorth Slope ExplorersNorth Slope ExplorersNorth Slope ExplorersNorth Slope ExplorersNorth Slope ExplorersNorth Slope ExplorersNorth Slope ExplorersNorth Slope ExplorersNorth Slope ExplorersNorth Slope ExplorersNorth Slope ExplorersNorth Slope ExplorersNorth Slope ExplorersNorth Slope ExplorersNorth Slope ExplorersNorth Slope ExplorersNorth Slope ExplorersNorth Slope ExplorersNorth Slope ExplorersNorth Slope ExplorersResurgence of exploration

By Russ Slaten

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Oil & Gas

Alaska’s North Slope is seeing a resurgence of activity. New com-panies and new projects—along

with the maintenance and redevelop-ment of existing fi elds—have all played a role in the Slope’s recent growth.

Even with a steady decline of oil throughput in the Trans Alaska Pipe-line System (TAPS) since 1988, employ-

ment in the oil and gas industry has fl uctuated, but has seen overall growth over the years, according to numbers

from the US Department of Revenue and Alaska Department of Labor and Workforce Development (ADLWD).

High oil prices are the best explana-tion for the past decade’s employment growth, ADLWD said in their June 2013 issue of Alaska Trends. And went on to say a rise in production jobs amid lower output is because “deeper and harder-to-reach oil reserves require greater ef-forts to extract.”

Many oil companies have changed their attitude towards oil exploration on the North Slope since oil tax reform in Alaska, and are now delving into the economic possibilities.

NordAq Energy is exploring oil and gas reserves in the National Petroleum Reserve-Alaska (NPR-A) as well as off -shore locations nearby in Smith Bay.

Australian independent, Linc Ener-gy, is drilling test wells at Umiat, more than seventy miles southwest of the major North Slope fi elds, to determine whether or not oil deposits discovered by US agencies are commercially viable.

Brooks Range Petroleum completed a gravel access road and production pad to begin production for its Mustang fi eld, adjacent to the Kuparuk River Unit, by the end of 2014.

ExplorationPriorityOneRepsol, a Spanish multinational oil and gas company based in Madrid, Spain is relatively new to the North Slope, but is one of the most active companies exploring. Repsol started in 2011, with Armstrong Oil and Gas affi liate 70 & 148, LLC, by drilling two exploration wells at the Colville River delta in the 2011 to 2012 season, then three the next season. Repsol will continue oil explora-tion this year by drilling two appraisal wells designated as Q-5 and Q-7 in the Qugruk area, fi ft een miles west of the Kuparuk River fi eld. Repsol is also set to drill one exploration well and acquire 3D seismic information in the area des-ignated Tuttu 1, southeast of Kuparuk.

"

"

"

Deadhorse

PrudhoeBay

Umiat

¹

0 10 20 Miles

Wells Spud 2014

Wells Spud 2013

Wells Spud 2012

! ! Trans Alaska Pipeline

Dalton Highway

Units

Alaska Seaward Boundary

Map Location

National Petroleum Reserve - Alaska

Arctic National Wildlife Refuge

Teshekpuk Lake

Beaufort SeaSmithBay

Badami

Dewline

Liberty

DuckIsland

PrudhoeBay

Northstar

BeecheyPoint

MilnePoint

Nikaitchuq

Oooguruk

ColvilleRiver

Tofkat

Placer

Kachemach

S.MiluveachGreaterMoosesTooth

BearTooth

KuparukRiver

Qugruk

Point Thomson

SIVULLIQ N

MERAK 1

RED WOLF 2

ALCOR 1KACHEMACH 1

SHARK TOOTH 1

CASSIN 6

QUGRUK 1

NUNA 1 & 2

SIKUMI 1

UMIAT 18

QUGRUK 4

NORTH TARN 1 & 1A MUSTANG 1

QUGRUK 2 & 6

QUGRUK 3 & 3A

CASSIN 1

UMIAT 23H

TUTTU 1

RENDEZVOUS 3

QUGRUK 7QUGRUK 5

ConocoPhillipsPermitting for expanded viscous oil development at Kuparuk River Unit North East West Sak 1H pad; first

production targeted for 2017.

ConocoPhillipsPlans to drill Rendezvous 3 and Flattop 1 in Greater Mooses Tooth unit in winter 2014.

In early permitting stages for GMT-1 calling for 33-well capacity gravel pad connected

to CD-5 by a gravel access road.

CGG Land Inc.Permitted Great Bear and Niksik 3-D surveys to acquire a total of up to 1,010 square miles

during the 2014 season.

Division of Oil and GasNorthern Alaska areawide lease sales tentatively scheduled for November 2014, encompassing

14.7 million acres in North Slope, Beaufort Sea, and North Slope Foothills sale areas.

Repsol Drilling two appraisal wells into the Qugruk

prospect (Q-5 and Q-7) and one exploration well (Tuttu 1) southeast of Kuparuk River Unit.

Brooks Range PetroleumStart of Mustang production targeted for

fourth quarter 2014. Five mile gravel access road and production pad now in place.

Pioneer Natural Resources - Caelus EnergyAmended agreement to sell Pioneer’s Alaskan asset to Caelus Energy Alaska for $300 million.

Chukchi Sea OCS

Shell, Statoil, ConocoPhillipsExploration plans on hold following federal appeals court ruling that BOEM must address shortcomings

of environmental impacts analysis for the 2008 lease sale that drew record bids totaling $2.6 billion.

ConocoPhillipsConstruction on CD-5 scheduled to begin first quarter 2014; drilling operations to commence

in mid 2015 with startup late 2015.

Linc EnergySpud Umiat 23H horizontal well to provide flow testing comparison to Umiat 18 vertical well. Linc’s intent is to move reserves to proven and firm up plans to utilize horizontal drilling to commercially develop the field.

ConocoPhillipsPermitting a 24-well 2S pad,

access road, gravel mine, pipelines, and power lines;

expects to install infrastructure 2014 and bring Shark Tooth

area online by late 2015.

NordAq EnergyPlanning a multiyear oil and gas

exploration program in the Smith Bay area; multiple permitted well locations for drilling winter seasons 2015-2016.

SAE AlaskaPermitted Nigliq-Fiord and Big Bend

3-D surveys to acquire up to 650 square miles during 2014 season.

Global Geophysical Services, Inc.Permitted Schrader Bluff 3-D seismic survey to acquire up to 293 square miles for Repsol

USA Inc. during the 2014 winter season.

CGG Land, Inc.Permitted Cronus 3-D survey for up to 267

square miles south of Colville River and Greater Mooses Tooth units.

Division of Oil and GasDNR deferred 11 lease tracts, totaling approximately 28,000 acres, from the 2013 North Slope and Beaufort Sea areawide lease sales

to make acreage available for long term production testing of onshore gas hydrates. These tracts may be deferred again in 2014.

CGG Land, Inc.Permitted West Canning 3-D survey for up to 366 square miles southeast of Badami

unit and south of Pt. Thomson unit.

North Slope Oil and Gas ActivityState of Alaska, Department of Natural Resources, Division of Oil and Gas, March 2014

“Deeper and harder-to-reach oil reserves require greater efforts to extract.”

—Alaska Department of Labor and Workforce Development


NUIQSUT DEADHORSEPRUDHOE BAY

UMIAT

Bear Tooth

Greater Mooses Tooth

Colville River

Tofkat

Kachemach

Placer

SouthernMiloveach

Kuparuk River

Qugruk

Oooguruk

Nikaitchuq

Milne Pt

Prudhoe Bay

Northstar

Duck Island

Liberty

Arctic Fortitude(On Appeal)

Badami

Pt Thomson

ARCTIC NATIONAL

ARCTIC NATIONAL WILDLIFE REFUGE

ANWR Area 1002

NATIONAL PETROLEUMRESERVE ALASKA

3 Mile Limit - Federal /State Boundary

8g Boundary

Dal

ton Highwa y

Tran

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Beaufort Sea

70 & 148, LLC

Alaskan Crude Coporation

Anadarko E&P Onshore, LLC;Anadarko Petroleum Co.

ASRC Exploration, LLC

AVCG, LLC

Bachner, A

BP Exploration (Alaska) Inc.

Burgundy Xploration LLC

Cade, S; Donkel, D

Chevron USA Inc.

ConocoPhillips Alaska Inc.;ConocoPhillips Company

Craig, P

Devon Energy Production Co. LP

Eni US Operating Co. Inc.

ExxonMobil Corporation;ExxonMobil Oil Corporation;ExxonMobil Alaska Production Inc.

Great Bear Petroleum Ventures I LLC;Great Bear Petroleum Ventures II LLC;Ursa Major Holdings LLC

NordAq Energy Inc.

Ocean Energy Resource

Pioneer Natural Resources Alaska Inc.

Polar Petroleum (AK) Corp.

Renaissance Umiat, LLC

Repsol E&P USA Inc.

Royale Energy Inc.

Savant Alaska LLC

Shell Offshore Inc.;Shell Gulf of Mexico Inc.

Ultrastar Exploration LLC

White, J

Woodstone Resources LLC

Current Oil & Gas Lease by Operator

Trans Alaska Pipeline Dalton Highway

Town/Place Oil & Gas Unit Boundary

0 10 20 30 405Miles

North Slope, Alaska

Oil & Gas Operators

©2014MAPMAKERS ALASKA259 SOUTH ALASKA STREET PALMER AK 99645

Map

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NUIQSUT DEADHORSEPRUDHOE BAY

UMIAT

Bear Tooth

Greater Mooses Tooth

Colville River

Tofkat

Kachemach

Placer

SouthernMiloveach

Kuparuk River

Qugruk

Oooguruk

Nikaitchuq

Milne Pt

Prudhoe Bay

Northstar

Duck Island

Liberty

Arctic Fortitude(On Appeal)

Badami

Pt Thomson

ARCTIC NATIONAL

ARCTIC NATIONAL WILDLIFE REFUGE

ANWR Area 1002

NATIONAL PETROLEUMRESERVE ALASKA

3 Mile Limit - Federal /State Boundary

8g Boundary

Dal

ton Highwa y

Tran

s Ala

ska P

ipeli

ne

Beaufort Sea

70 & 148, LLC

Alaskan Crude Coporation

Anadarko E&P Onshore, LLC;Anadarko Petroleum Co.

ASRC Exploration, LLC

AVCG, LLC

Bachner, A

BP Exploration (Alaska) Inc.

Burgundy Xploration LLC

Cade, S; Donkel, D

Chevron USA Inc.

ConocoPhillips Alaska Inc.;ConocoPhillips Company

Craig, P

Devon Energy Production Co. LP

Eni US Operating Co. Inc.

ExxonMobil Corporation;ExxonMobil Oil Corporation;ExxonMobil Alaska Production Inc.

Great Bear Petroleum Ventures I LLC;Great Bear Petroleum Ventures II LLC;Ursa Major Holdings LLC

NordAq Energy Inc.

Ocean Energy Resource

Pioneer Natural Resources Alaska Inc.

Polar Petroleum (AK) Corp.

Renaissance Umiat, LLC

Repsol E&P USA Inc.

Royale Energy Inc.

Savant Alaska LLC

Shell Offshore Inc.;Shell Gulf of Mexico Inc.

Ultrastar Exploration LLC

White, J

Woodstone Resources LLC

Current Oil & Gas Lease by Operator

Trans Alaska Pipeline Dalton Highway

Town/Place Oil & Gas Unit Boundary

0 10 20 30 405Miles

North Slope, Alaska

Oil & Gas Operators

©2014MAPMAKERS ALASKA259 SOUTH ALASKA STREET PALMER AK 99645


“We won’t know whether the discov-ery is commercial until aft er we analyze this year’s data,” says Alaska Project Manager for Repsol, Bill Hardman.

Repsol’s operations this year had as many as fi ve hundred people in the fi eld, including drillers, seismic con-tractors, industrial hygienists, heavy equipment operators, caterers, house-keeping, and subsistence representa-tives, Hardman says.

Unique to exploration, Repsol says the seasonal nature of the process stands out.

“In order to protect the sensitive en-vironment, we wait until the tundra is frozen over and we perform almost all of our work on ice roads and ice pads,” Hardman says. “We even construct an airstrip out of ice.”

Conducting the exploratory phase in this manner is eff ective at protecting the environment, but Repsol says it creates planning and logistical challenges. Th ere is most oft en not a set start and end date

for operations, companies can only plan and ready crews until weather allows.

“Whenever the weather starts warm-ing up and the ice starts deteriorating, we must be ready to rig down and move out—regardless of whether or not we’ve completed our objectives,” Hardman says. “However, once the exploration and appraisal phase is complete, if a de-velopment is justifi ed, then permanent infrastructure is built and year-round operations begin.”

UnconventionalResourcesOne independent company that does not need to worry about frozen surface operations is Great Bear Petroleum. Th e small independent oil and gas company leased nearly fi ve-hundred thousand acres of land from the state in 2010 with hopes to fi nd shale-based oil at a commercial scale. Most of the leases cover lands south of the Prudhoe Bay oilfi eld, near and along the Dalton Highway and TAPS.

Great Bear began operations in 2012 by drilling two stratigraphic test wells along the Dalton Highway, nearly twen-ty miles south of Pump Station One of

Repsol’s Q-5 appraisal well in the Qugruk prospect on the North Slope.

Photo by Judy Patrick, Courtesy of Repsol

“Part of the puzzle is that these source rocks could have gener-ated a lot more oil, and it hasn’t been found on the North Slope fields, so the question is ‘where did it go?’ Much of it was trapped on the way up there, or trapped within the local source rock [unconventional reservoirs]. So there are billions of barrels of oil that were generated, and a lot of that has never been found.”

—Bret Chambers Exploration Manager

Great Bear Petroleum

The More Alaska Production Act (SB21) is the new tax law which took effect January 1st of

2014. The law has improved our com-petitive position among other oil pro-ducing regions and is generating new investment in Alaska. The change in the tax law has been sharply criticized by some and praised by others. It has been my observation that too many Alaskans have not been made aware of the facts, and critics continually use propaganda and misrepresentations to further confuse the issue. The facts of the More Alaska Production Act (SB21) are pretty straight forward, and here are just a few:

1) At current prices, the new tax brings in more revenue to the state than ACES. The new tax law has not cost the treasury $2 billion dollars as the oppo-sition has stated. At higher prices there is a cost to Alaska’s treasury. For ex-ample, at $111.67 per barrel, the cost to the treasury, assuming no new pro-duction, is $430 to $505 million. While this sum is significant, it is much lower as the price of crude declines. In fact at just about $105 per barrel, the state collects about the same revenue be-tween old tax (ACES) and the new law (SB21). As prices go below $105, we collect more tax revenue under the More Alaska Production Act (SB21).

2) We have seen a significant change in investment and activity level since the passage of the new law SB21, and

the state predicts $10 billion in new investments. We are hiring more Alas-kans and putting them to work with good paying jobs in the oil and service related industry since the law passed. Alaska is benefitting from a healthy oil environment and is seeing real prog-ress on a major LNG project to bring our vast gas resources to market.

3) Why is our oil production so im-portant? Revenues from oil produc-tion provide the majority of state funding. I encourage every citizen to review the “Revenue Resources Book” that is published by the Tax Division of the Department of Revenue semi-annually. This shows how we fund the state treasury to pay our bills and fund important public needs like educa-tion, roads, social services, etc. The tax base has many components, but they are grossly overshadowed by the 92% of tax revenue provided by oil to the unrestricted general fund this past fis-cal year. Oil revenues are projected to provide over 85% of our unrestricted general fund for the next 10 years.

4) How will the new tax law impact the permanent fund? The permanent fund does not receive money from production taxes. The permanent fund receives 25% of the royalties paid to the state as the landowner. So the per-manent fund is at risk by the old tax policy that results in continual oil pro-duction decline and benefits under a tax policy that encourages investment

and rewards production. We have seen the results of decline over the past 6 years and it is time to go a dif-past 6 years and it is time to go a dif-past 6 years and it is time to go a different direction with the More Alaska Production Act.

The activity level is up at Little Red Services for the first time in years and the future looks bright for our local business. The benefit extends outside of our company as we are producing new equipment at a locally owned fabrication shop to meet new de-mands and hiring local Alaskans to fill the good paying job opportuni-ties being created. Be informed of the facts and base your position on those facts. Aviod the misleading commen-tary and sensationalism by those who are working hard to politicize the is-sue as opposed to supporting what’s good for Alaska’s future.

Little Red Services, Inc.Doug Smith, President & [email protected] Centerpoint Drive, Suite 1300

Anchorage, AK 99503907-349-2931 littleredservices.com

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the Trans-Alaska Pipeline. Fifty per-cent of Great Bear’s leasehold is within fifteen miles of the pipeline. And al-though the science must be there, says Great Bear Petroleum President and CEO Ed Duncan, it has reaped the ben-efits of drilling during the summer.

Great Bear says the data collection from the drill sites goes in parallel of col-lecting 3D seismic information, which started 2012 and on through early 2014. Great Bear collected a total of more than four hundred square miles of data.

“Companies that have exploration-led strategies are handcuffed,” Duncan says. “It’s almost impossible to make good business judgments without sound science and engineering, and 3D [seismic data] is a precursor for us to make good decisions.”

Great Bear is pursuing unconvention-al oil on the North Slope, and with its special recovery process, its engineers are working out ways to recover oil from the shale rocks within its leasehold.

“Part of the puzzle is that these source rocks could have generated a lot more oil, and it hasn’t been found on the North Slope fields, so the question is ‘where did it go?’ Much of it was trapped on the way up there, or trapped within the local source rock [unconventional reservoirs],” says Great Bear’s Exploration Manager Bret Chambers. “So there are billions of barrels of oil that were generated, and a lot of that has never been found.”

Duncan says the company is cur-rently working tirelessly on its 3D data to build exploration inventory and in-ternally debate critical risks in order to compile a list of prospects by the third quarter of 2014.

“I can imagine from the outside, the process looks slow and tedious, but from the inside, this is a pressure cook-er,” Duncan says.

TestedFieldsAlthough BP does not conduct ex-ploratory drilling, it plans to explore

through technology. It knows the poten-tial of oil and gas on Prudhoe Bay, and is focused on expanding its possibilities.

“Prudhoe Bay is just a resource rich opportunity that it has not been fully developed yet,” says BP Alaska Spokes-person Dawn Patience.

Before tax reform was put into place, BP added two drill rigs this year, which it says accounts for increased activity on the North Slope, but planning for these rigs started in 2006—prior to Alaska’s Clear and Equitable Share tax law, or ACES. BP expects to complete production-enhancing well work on one hundred more wells than last year. “There’s a lot of work that goes toward optimizing production, and well work is a key part of that,” Patience says.

Looking for future potential, BP plans to gather 190 square miles of 3D seismic data this summer in North Prudhoe Bay to support land-based oil-field development. BP says preliminary data shows about 55 million barrels of

Worker preparing to raise a rig tank at Repsol’s Qugruk prospect on the North Slope.

Photo by Judy Patrick, Courtesy of Repsol


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recoverable resources, with the poten-tial of 30 new wells.

“Prudhoe Bay has great opportunity. We always say the best place to find oil is on or near an oil field. It just has all sorts of resource opportunity yet to be developed,” Patience says.

In addition to the seismic data and two new rigs this year, BP plans to add a drilling rig in 2015 and again in 2016 to Prudhoe Bay, a $1 billion investment over five years. BP says the two new rigs will account for two hundred new jobs and about thirty to forty additional wells drilled each year.

BP’s major project, in accordance with fellow owners of the Prudhoe Bay Unit [ConocoPhillips, ExxonMobil, and Chevron] is the West End Prud-hoe Bay development project. The as-sessment stage is estimated to cost about $3 billion in capital investment. The project consists of expanding two existing oilfield pads by adding facili-ties and creating new wells, and con-structing one new drill site altogether. BP says the new development will call for increased capacity of existing infra-structure and pipelines.

“As you move west [on Prudhoe Bay], the oil has become a partly viscous oil which tends to be thicker and heavier, a bit like maple syrup, with sand par-ticles in it,” Patience says. “So part of the work is infrastructure and pipeline upgrades to be able to handle the vol-umes of viscous oil, as well as volumes of increased water and gas capacity at the facility.”

HeadingWestConocoPhillips is also looking to ex-pand existing operations west, and ex-pand its reach.

ConocoPhillips is currently laying gravel for Drill Site 2-S, known as the Shark Tooth project. Operations began with drilling an appraisal well in winter 2012 to gain more reservoir informa-tion. Located on the southwest edge of

the Kuparuk oilfield, this project will target an undeveloped section of the Kuparuk formation.

“The results looked good, and later this year we’ll go back to our partners and our

board to seek approval to fully develop it with wells, roads, facilities, and bring it on stream,” says Scott Jespen, vice presi-dent of external affairs at ConocoPhillips Alaska. “And if we get that funding, we

“As you move west [on Prudhoe Bay], the oil has become a partly viscous oil which tends to be thicker and heavier, a bit like maple syrup, with sand particles in it. So part of the work is infrastructure and pipeline upgrades to be able to handle the volumes of viscous oil, as well as volumes of increased water and gas capacity at the facility.”

—Dawn Patience BP Alaska Spokesperson


would probably have fi rst oil in 2015, and producing about eight thousand barrels a day. We’re estimating about $600 mil-lion to develop it, and somewhere in the range of 200 to 250 people working dur-ing the construction period.”

Production for Drill Site 2-S will be processed through the Kuparuk River Unit facilities.

Next on the horizon for ConocoPhil-lips is to pursue development in the Greater Mooses Tooth Unit in the Na-tional Petroleum Reserve-Alaska, thirty miles west of Kuparuk. ConocoPhillips was in the regulatory and permitting phase as of April, and continues to prog-ress the engineering for fi nal project ap-proval by late 2014. ConocoPhillips says the Greater Mooses Tooth One (GMT-1) will be connected to CD-5, another satel-lite site connected to the Alpine oilfi eld in the Colville River Unit. CD-5 is currently undergoing engineering and material acquisition, and oil from both GMT-1

and CD-5 will be processed through ex-isting Alpine facilities, and connected by a 7.8 mile road and pipeline.

MoreAlaskaProductionActFor projects in the exploration phase, the shift to development lies heavily on whether or not Senate Bill 21, the More Alaska Production Act, is repealed this August.

Many companies say if Senate Bill 21 is repealed, it will negatively aff ect their investment decisions.

“Th e funding decision for [the ex-ploratory and developmental] invest-ments is going to be heavily infl uenced by the results of the referendum on [oil] tax reform this August,” says Jepsen. “If the tax reform gets repealed, it’s going to have a very adverse impact on the corporation’s view on investment.”

BP attributes the decision to pursue many of its development projects to Senate Bill 21.

“Aft er oil tax reform was passed and signed into law, it aligned the Prudhoe Bay working interest owners behind these projects and opportunities, in par-ticular the West End and the two rigs set for 2015 and 2016,” Patience says.

Even Repsol says Senate Bill 21 plays a role aft er discovery. “Besides the size of the discovery, the other critical vari-able will be the outcome of Ballot Mea-sure One,” Hardman says. “Th e oil tax structure could mean the diff erence be-tween a ‘go’ and a ‘no go’ decision on a development project.”

Russ Slaten is the Associate Editor at Alaska Business Monthly.

Russ Slaten is the Associate Editor at Alaska Business Monthly.

ConocoPhillips drilled two exploration wells in NPR-A this winter: Rendezvous 3 and Flat Top 1.

Photo by Judy Patrick, Courtesy of ConocoPhillips Alaska Inc.



Interior and Northwest Interior and Northwest Interior and Northwest Alaska ExplorationAlaska ExplorationAlaska Exploration

Searching for oil and gas in underexplored basins

By Mike Bradner

Alaska Native corporations are leading the exploration for oil and gas in the large, underex-

plored sedimentary basins in Interior and Northwest Alaska. Sedimentary basins are acculations of sedimentary-type rocks, the kind of rock where oil and gas can accumulate.

While the Cook Inlet and North Slope sedimentary basins have seen major oil and gas discoveries, the potential of other basins in Alaska has hardly been scratched. Now three Alaska-based Native corporations, Doyon, Ltd. in the Interior,

Ahtna, Inc. in the Copper River region, and NANA Regional Corporation, are ac-tively exploring or promoting exploration.

Th e motivation has been mostly fo-cused on developing local supplies of energy, like gas, for communities now largely dependent on imported diesel, along with a desire to develop lands owned by the corporations.

However, Doyon and Ahtna are ini-tially focused on exploring state-owned lands, although both own lands near their initial drilling locations. For Aht-na and NANA, which is seeking to ex-

plore the Kotzebue Basin where it owns lands, the focus is on natural gas.

For Doyon it is both oil and gas. For many years the large Nenana and Yukon Flats basis where Doyon is active were thought to be more prone to gas, but Doyon’s recent drilling has shown the presence of an oil system in the Nenana Basin. Doyon has drilled two wells and is planning another possibly in 2016.

CopperRiverBasinMeanwhile, Ahtna is making its second try at fi nding natural gas in the Copper

Albers Equal-Area Conic Projection, 1927 North American Datum, Clarke 1866 ellipsoid with a central meridian of 146º, origin latitude of 50º, northern parallel of 65º, and southern parallel of 55º, Map created, edited, and published by the State of Alaska, Department of Natural Resources, Division of Oil and Gas.

Copper River Basin Exploration License:

General Land Status

Ahtna is exploring for natural gas in the Copper River Basin in the yellow license area shown above in the map. M

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River Basin near Glennallen. The cor-poration, which is based in Glennallen, has signed an exploration agreement with two independent oil and gas com-panies to explore a gas prospect about twenty miles west of the community.

Rutter & Wilbanks, of Midland, Tex-as, and Australia-based Santa Petroleum will join with Ahtna to explore a large structure identified on state-owned lands, according to Joe Bovee, Ahtna’s vice president for lands and resources.

Ahtna drilled previously in the area with Rutter & Wilbanks in 2007 and 2009, although the well was unsuccessful.

Ahtna has done a “reprocessing” of about ninety miles of seismic done previously, some on the state lands and some on nearby lands owned by Ahtna. The presence of gas in the formation has been demonstrated with the seis-mic but more seismic will be needed as well as a test well, Bovee says.

Gas was discovered previously in two other exploration wells drilled nearby, including the one drilled by Ahtna and Rutter & Wilbanks, one of the partners in the current venture. An early well was drilled by Pan American Petro-

leum in the 1960s. Gas was found, but Pan American was looking for oil.

Ahtna is the operator of the new joint-venture, for now, but that could change after the completion of new seismic work, Bovee says. The group hopes to do more seismic later this year and to drill a well in 2015, but that will depend on a suitable rig being located, he says.

The new structure, which has been mapped with two-dimensional seismic, covers a twenty-five-square-mile area and is a structural rather than a strati-graphic trap, which means gas-bearing reservoir sands would likely be thicker and more productive than thinner lay-ers of reservoir more likely in a strati-graphic trap.

Depth of the gas-bearing formation is about four thousand to five thousand feet.

“We’re very excited about this be-cause it could lower very high home heating and power generation costs in the region. We now depend on fuel oil, and our goal is to get cheaper energy for local residents,” for heating and power, Bovee says.

Copper Valley Electric Association, the electric utility serving the region,

has access to some hydro power but also depends on diesel and is keenly inter-ested in a lower-cost source of fuel.

The gas prospect is on state-owned land that is held by Ahtna in the forty-three-thousand-acre Tolsona Explora-tion License that has been issued to Ahtna by the state, he says.

Exploration licensing is a special pro-cedure used by the Department of Nat-ural Resources to encourage new explo-ration in regions of the state that have seen little drilling, such as the Copper River Basin.

The holder of the license has the op-tion to convert it to traditional state oil and gas leases after a certain period or if a discovery is made.

Ahtna itself is a large landowner in the region, with about 1.5 million acres, some of which are adjacent to the state lands that will be explored by the joint-venture.

The previous well drilled by Ahtna and Rutter & Willbanks is about ten miles east of the current prospect, which is also about two miles north of the Glenn Highway. Highway access will facilitate the additional seismic work and drilling, although some im-


provements will be needed to get equip-ment to a drill site.

Ahtna and its partners will take ad-vantage of special state of Alaska explo-ration tax credits that could pay up over half of the cost of the project. Th e well is expected to cost between $10 million and $15 million.

Bovee says Ahtna’s previous well, which did discover gas, was aff ected by an unusual geological condition: high water pressure that was encountered by the drill crew.

When the drilling crew attempted to control the water by injecting special fl uids, the section of reservoir near the well was damaged.

Th at geologic condition may be found at the new location as well, but this time the possibility is being anticipated and incorporated into planning for the well. For example, a larger-diameter drill pipe, or casing in industry terminology, will be used that would facilitate the in-jection of fl uids to control water if the procedure is needed.

Th e fi rst well in the region, drilled in 1963 by Pan American, was approximate-ly eleven miles west of Glennallen. Th e well encountered several hundred feet of sandstone that yielded natural gas shows and the same high water fl ows found later.

Th e water fl ow was considered a good sign, however, because it indicated that the rock formation had the necessary porosity, or microscopic spaces in the rock to hold fl uids, as well as the perme-ability to produce the fl uids, meaning that liquids could fl ow through the rock.

Pan American’s drilling also showed the surrounding rock had high organic content that had undergone the neces-sary heat and pressure to generate hy-drocarbons.

More attempts were made, this time by Ahtna and its partner, from 2007 to 2009 to fi nd the natural gas indicated in the Pan American well. Th e third attempt in 2009 located natural gas at approximately four thousand feet. Un-fortunately, during the third attempt, fractured rock was encountered and resulted in water from a shallower zone fl owing into the well and inhibiting any gas fl ow from the sandstone reservoir.

InteriorAlaskaDoyon, Ltd., based in Fairbanks, is the Alaska Native regional corporation for

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the Interior and is exploring the large sed-imentary basins west of Fairbanks and along the Yukon River north of the city.

Doyon and Interior Native village cor-porations own about 11 million acres of Interior Alaska, but the area Doyon is focused on for oil and gas involves 1.8 million acres, including 400,000 acres in the Nenana Basin and 1.4 million acres of the Yukon Flats Basin.

Th e Nenana Basin prospects are on state lands that Doyon holds under lease, while the Yukon Flats lands are owned by nearby village corporations and by Doyon. Two exploration wells have been drilled by Doyon in the Ba-sin, both a few miles west of the city of Nenana, and while neither found com-mercial quantities of oil or gas, both found tantalizing indications that hy-drocarbons were present in the area.

Doyon selected the area as its fi rst target because the area is near infra-structure, including the Parks Highway and long-distance power transmission lines, and because Fairbanks, sixty miles northwest, is in dire need of less expensive energy, which natural gas could provide.

Th e Nunivak No. 1 well was drilled in 2009 about six miles west of Nenana by a consortium led by Doyon. Th e well found organic rich shales and oil-prone coals among the hydrocarbon shows, and what was signifi cant is that the well showed the potential for oil, not just natural gas.

Encouraged by that, Doyon drilled the Nunivak No. 2 well in 2013, with-out partners, a few miles farther west of Nunivak No. 1, and it included a “side-track,” or separate well drilled off the fi rst well.

Th e well didn’t fi nd a commercial de-posit, which was disappointing, but the results were still encouraging in that excellent quality reservoir sands with residual gas and source rocks actively expelling wet gases were found. Th ere were also “top seals,” or rocks that could seal in and trap the hydrocarbons being expelled by the source rocks.

“In our fi rst well we were looking only at coals as a source of gas, but in the sec-ond well we found shales mixed with coal, so now we have two very good source rocks for gas and, we believe, for oil, too,” according to Jim Mery, Doyon’s senior vice president for lands and resources.

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Th ere were also excellent high-po-rosity reservoir rocks, or rocks capable of holding oil and gas along with the porosity, or micro-spaces in the rocks, that are capable of holding fl uids, Mery says.

“Wet” gas was also found—gas that contained propane, butane, and other hydrocarbons that are heavier than methane, the main component of natu-ral gas, which are also indicators that oil may be present nearby.

Unfortunately, in the prospect being drilled in 2013, the underground faults didn’t close up the way it was hoped to form a trap to hold the gas or oil. No matter how good the prospect looks, there are always uncertainties.

Th e potential appears to be wide-spread across the basin. In a 1984 well drilled at the southern margin of the basin by ARCO Alaska, signifi cant coal seams were found, which are known as source rocks for gas, and surveys of sediments taken on the surface across the basin show chemical fi ngerprints of hydrocarbons seeping from below, all of which confi rms widespread oil and gas potential in the region. Doyon chose the initial drilling locations be-cause they were relatively near Nenana and easy to reach with a gravel road built to the site.

Th e corporation is putting its focus on the Nenana Basin for now because it has obligations under its state oil and gas leases, Mery says. Yukon Flats ex-ploration is still on the list, however.

Th at area is about 150 miles north of Fairbanks near the Yukon River and has less infrastructure, though un-like Nenana, it is crossed by the Trans Alaska Pipeline System and the Dalton Highway, which would allow for sur-face access to the region and effi cient transport of oil, if discovered. A gas pipeline through the area is also now being proposed.

To date, Doyon has done geologic, geochemical sampling, and seismic work in the region and has identifi ed two exploration regions of interest, one near Stevens Village, about thirty miles from the Dalton Highway and TAPS, and the second is the Birch Creek ex-ploration area about one hundred miles east of the Dalton Highway and TAPS and thirty to fi ft y miles west of the St-eese Highway.

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above Eni Petroleum, Spy Island, March 2011

top right Deballasting after barge offload, West Dock, August 2011bottom right Blaze Anderson, roughneck, Parker Drilling Rig 272, February 2013next Parker Drilling Rig 272 moving crew, next Parker Drilling Rig 272 moving crew, next

February 2013

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Rigging cable, Liberty Project, July 2009

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Signifi cantly, a geochemical sam-pling program has shown the chemical fi ngerprints of hydrocarbons in the ba-sin, and Doyon believes there could be oil as well as gas.

NorthwestAlaskaIn Northwest Alaska, the Kotezbue Ba-sin covers a large twenty-eight thousand square miles, with the parts of the ba-sin with oil and gas potential owned by NANA of Kotzebue.

NANA is renewing eff orts to get new oil and gas exploration in the basin and has done geologic and geochemi-cal investigation, as well as gathered information from two early exploration wells drilled by Chevron Corporation in 1974 and 1975, the Nimiuk No. 1 and Cape Espenberg No. 1 wells. Both were unsuccessful.

However, NANA recently repro-cessed two hundred miles of two-dimensional seismic data and, with the benefi t of modern technology, has identifi ed nine prospects in the ba-sin that merit further investigation. “Some of the structures are quite large, as big as the Beluga gas fi eld near An-chorage in fact, and that has gotten a lot of people interested,” says Lance Miller, NANA’s lands and resources vice president.

Th e likelihood is that gas will be found rather than oil based on what is known about the depth of the prospects and the geologic history, he says. But gas could be important as a source of energy for communities and possibly mines in the region.

If gas is found it might be possible to process it into liquefi ed natural gas, or LNG, and deliver LNG in containers to communities, Miller says. Th e Red Dog Mine, a large lead-zinc mine north of Kotzebue that is now a large user of diesel for power generation, could be an important industry customer, he says.

NANA is now actively seeking an exploration partner for its project. An agreement has been signed with Moyes & Company, a Houston-based oil and gas consulting fi rm, to assist in that eff ort.

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Indemnity Agreements in Offshore Oil and Gas ContractsIndemnity Agreements in Offshore Oil and Gas ContractsIndemnity Agreements in Offshore Oil and Gas Contracts

It’s a story many Alaskan businesses are familiar with. Th e large, multi-national company pushes a service

contract onto the small, Alaskan owned and operated company with the simple undertone of: “Hey, you want to do busi-ness with us, sign the bottom line.” How-ever, buried in these contracts is always an “Indemnity Clause.” Th ese clauses are designed to eff ectively transfer certain third party liabilities (personal injury, property damage, pollution expenses, etc.) away from one party (usually the multi-national) and onto the other party (usually the small Alaskan owned and operated company). In the off shore oil and gas industry, where costs can quickly accumulate and liabilities can be astro-nomical, indemnity agreements are an eff ective risk management tool for the skilled contractor. Th e fl ip side of that coin, however, is that indemnity agree-ments can have immense fi nancial re-percussions for the unwary. Naturally, Alaska businesses should be cautious about signing any contract with an oner-ous Indemnity Clause—especially those engaged in the off shore oil and gas arena.

IndemnityAgreements—Generally

An indemnity clause is a contractual pro-vision in which one party agrees to an-swer for any specifi ed or unspecifi ed lia-bility or harm that the other party might incur, according to Black’s Law Dic-tionary, Eighth Edition. In eff ect, a well draft ed indemnity clause can transfer the negligence of one party (and all the costs associated with that negligence) onto an-other party. Sound crazy? Well, it is—a little. In the maritime and off shore oil and gas industry, courts still respect the “Freedom to Contract” principle, which allows two parties to basically agree to anything—so long as it violates no public policy principles. As a result, US courts will generally uphold indemnity agree-ments even where the negligence of the

party seeking indemnity actually caused or contributed to the injury.

In Alaska, indemnity agreements are typically entered into between an owner or operator of an off shore facility and a contractor hired to perform services on that facility. Moreover, the enforceability of an indemnity provision carries par-ticular signifi cance in Alaska’s oil and gas industry because accidents related to off shore exploration can incur signifi cant cleanup costs. Consequently, indemnity clauses have become a ubiquitous feature in modern off shore oil and gas contracts.

InsuranceImplicationsIndemnity and insurance provisions in off shore oil and gas contracts are tremen-dously important, but oft en receive little or no attention during contract negotia-tion and draft ing. To support the terms of the indemnity agreement, the service con-tract will oft en include insurance require-ments that each party is obligated to have. However, the interplay between indemnity clauses and insurance requirements rarely weave together. Subsequently, when a claim arises, each party (and their respective in-surer) end up litigating about who owes what. Logically, the question then becomes: Which obligation prevails—the indemnity provisions or the insurance provisions?

In the off shore oil and gas world, courts will generally hold that an insurance obli-gation trumps an indemnity obligation. A leading case on this matter is Ogea v. Loff -land Bros., 622 F.2d 186 (5th Cir. 1980). Th e case arose when an off shore oil work-er slipped on a stairway aft er stepping in a puddle of oil on the deck of the oil rig.

Th e plaintiff sued the rig operator for $285,000, which led the operator to fi le a third party complaint against the rig’s owner to assert its rights under the service contract’s indemnity clause. Under that contract, however, the operator had to ob-tain a general liability policy for $500,000 and to name the owner as a coinsured. Unfortunately, for the operator, the court

held that the service contract’s indemnity clause was triggered only aft er the opera-tor exhausted its contractually mandated insurance policy—the $500,000.

In reaching its decision, the court rea-soned the operator was not entitled to in-demnity from the rig’s owner for claims that fell squarely within the scope of the opera-tor’s insurance coverage mandated under contract. Put another way, even if a party has a contractual right to indemnity, that party must fi rst exhaust its own insurance coverage before it can assert its contractual indemnity rights against another party.

InvalidIndemnityAgreementsIn off shore oil and gas contracts, indem-nity agreements are normally enforced in accordance with their clear and unequiv-ocal terms, even where the negligence of the party seeking indemnity may have caused or contributed to the injury. Th ere are, however, exceptions to this rule.

First, many US states have anti-indem-nity statutes. For example, Louisiana and Texas have passed oil fi eld anti-indemnity laws—the Louisiana Oilfi eld Indemnity Act (LOIA) and the Texas Oilfi eld Anti-Indemnity Act (TOAIA). Both LOIA and TOAIA seek to invalidate certain indem-nity clauses—especially those that pertain to death or bodily injury. Each of these laws were enacted to “level the playing fi eld” between two contracting parties. As a re-sult, indemnity clauses that fall under the jurisdictional authority of LOIA or TOAIA and attempt to shift any liability associated with the death or bodily injury from one party to another are null and void.

Second, courts will not enforce an in-demnity agreement if it is contrary to public policy. Specifi cally, indemnity pro-visions that are tied to allegations of gross negligence, punitive damages, and civil penalties may be unenforceable. For ex-ample, in Royal insurance Co. of America v. Southwest Marine, 199 AMC 2873 (9th Cir. 1999), a court invalided an indemnifi cation agreement aft er a boat yard severely dam-aged a yacht. Th ere, the yacht owner hired the defendant boat yard to house his yacht during its renovation, but when the yard fi rst attempted to lift the yacht, the yard’s crane was damaged in the process. Yet, the following day, the yard again attempted

Multiple considerations when drafting and reviewing

By Isaak Hurst


to lift the yacht. Th is time, however, the crane’s wires snapped, dropping the yacht into the water, followed immediately by the crane’s boom onto her hull. Unsurprisingly, the vessel sustained substantial damages.

In response, the defendant boat yard sought to invoke the indemnity provisions of the contract between him and the yacht owner. Th e owner countered that the in-demnity agreement was unenforceable due to the yard’s grossly negligent conduct, and the court agreed. Th e court reasoned that the boat yard’s actions constituted gross negligence because it knew the crane was damaged from the incident the day prior, yet it proceeded to attempt a second lift be-fore ensuring the crane’s ability to lift a ves-sel of that size. Th e court held that the boat yard’s actions, taken as a whole, consti-tuted an extreme departure from the stan-dard of reasonable care—thus invalidating the contractual release from liability.

TakeAway—TimetoLawyerUpIn closing, Alaska businesses must under-stand there are multiple considerations when draft ing and reviewing indemnity agreements—especially in the off shore oil and gas arena. First, don’t just skirt these clauses in your service contracts. Indem-nity clauses involve complex issues that require signifi cant time and attention. Second, pay careful attention to the inter-section between your service contract’s indemnity provisions, its insurance re-quirements, and your company’s existing insurance portfolio. Your service contract may be biting off more liability than your company’s existing insurance policy can chew. Th ird, if you are dragged into an indemnity clause dispute, don’t lose hope. Even a skillfully draft ed and negotiated in-demnity provision may be unenforceable if one party’s actions amount to gross neg-ligence. At that point, however, it’s likely time to lawyer up.

Isaak Hurst is an attorney with the International Maritime Group, PLLC—a boutique law fi rm that provides legal services to Alaska’s

maritime, oil and gas, mining, and international business communities. Contact him at [email protected]

Isaak Hurst is an attorney with the International Maritime Group, PLLC—a boutique law fi rm that provides legal services to Alaska’s

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AKCompany Top Executive Estab. Empls. Services

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Apache Corporation510 L St., Suite 310Anchorage, AK 99501Phone: 907-272-2722 Fax: 907-277-0005

John L. Hendrix, Gen. Mgr.

[email protected]

1954 4 Oil and gas exploration and development.

BP Exploration (Alaska) Inc.PO Box 196612Anchorage, AK 99515-6612Phone: 907-561-5111 Fax: 907-564-4124

Janet Weiss, Regional Pres.

alaska.bp.com

1959 2300 BP operates 13 North Slope oil fields, four North Slope pipelines, and owns a significantinterest in six other producing fields and in the Trans-Alaska Pipeline System.

ConocoPhillips Alaska, Inc.PO Box 100360Anchorage, AK 99510Phone: 907-276-1215 Fax: 907-265-1410

Trond-Erik Johansen, President

[email protected]

1952 1,200 Exploration and Production

Cook Inlet Energy LLC601 W. Fifth Ave., Suite 310Anchorage, AK 99501Phone: 907-334-6745 Fax: 907-334-6735

David Hall, CEO

millerenergyresources.com

2009 35 Oil and gas exploration and production.

Denali Drilling8240 Petersburg St.Anchorage, AK 99507Phone: 907-562-2312 Fax: 907-562-5971

Ron Pichler, Pres.

[email protected] or [email protected]

1970 20 DDI provides geotechnical, environmental, mineral exploration, commercial water welland large diameter (8') shaft drilling. We also drill, install tie-backs and constructretaining walls. We have provided these services throughout Alaska since 1970.Specialized equipment for onshore and offshore.

Doyon Drilling Inc.11500 C St., Suite 200Anchorage, AK 99515Phone: 907-563-5530 Fax: 907-561-8986

Aaron Schutt, Pres.

[email protected]

1982 400+ Doyon Drilling operates on the North Slope of Alaska with rigs designed to drill innorthern Alaska conditions. The company consistently strives to improve its operationsand has some of the most technologically advanced land drilling rigs in the world.

Eni Petroleum3800 Centerpoint Dr., Suite 300Anchorage, AK 99503Phone: 907-865-3300 Fax: 907-865-3384

Steve Massey, AK eni Rep/Ops Mgr.

eni.com

1926 60 Eni is an integrated energy company. Active in 77 countries, with a staff of 78,400employees, it operates in oil and gas exploration, production, transportation,transformation and marketing, in petrochemicals, oilfield services construction andengineering.

ExxonMobilPO Box 196601Anchorage, AK 99519Phone: 907-561-5331 Fax: 907-564-3719

Karen Hagedorn, AK Production Mgr.

exxonmobil.com

1870 100 Conducting business in Alaska for more than 50 years, investing billions into localeconomies. As one of the largest oil producers in Alaska, Exxon Mobil has exploredmost major Alaska basins over the years.

Furie Operating Alaska LLC1029 W. Third Ave., Suite 500Anchorage, AK 99501Phone: 907-277-3726 Fax: 907-277-3796

Damon Kade, President

www.furiealaska.com

2011 6 Exploration and planned gas production in 2014 from the Kitchen Lights Unit located inthe Cook Inlet of Alaska.

Great Bear Petroleum Operating LLC601 W. 5th Ave., Suite 505Anchorage, AK 99501Phone: 907-868-8070 Fax: 907-868-3887

Ed Duncan, Pres./CEO

greatbearpetro.com

2010 7 Exploration and production company.

Hilcorp Alaska LLCPO Box 244027Anchorage, AK 99524Phone: 907-777-8300 Fax: 907-777-8310

John Barnes, Sr. VP of Exploration &Production

hilcorp.com

2012 310 Hilcorp is one of the largest privately-held exploration and production companies in theUS. We strive for US energy independence. Hilcorp was named to the 2013 & 2014FORTUNE Top 100 Companies to work for list. Protecting the environment and ensuringa safe, healthy workplace are our priorities.

Linc Energy Ltd.3000 C St., Suite #103Anchorage, AK 99503Phone: 907-868-8660 Fax: 907-868-8881

Corri Feige, GM Alaska

[email protected]

1996 20 Oil and gas exploration and production, Underground Coal Gasification (UCG), Gas toLiquids (GTL), Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR).

NordAq Energy Inc.3000 A St., Suite 410Anchorage, AK 99503Phone: 907-646-9315 Fax: 907-646-9317

Robert Warthen, Pres.

[email protected]

2009 8 Natural gas exploration, Cook Inlet Basin & The North Slope. The Shadura find on northend of Kenai Peninsula expected to last 30 years. Offices in Anchorage and Kenai.nordaqenergy.com

Parker Drilling1420 E. Tudor Rd.Anchorage, AK 99507Phone: 907-339-4032 Fax: 907-339-4001

Richard Bohon, Gen. Mgr.

parkerdrilling.com

1934 134 Contract drilling, drilling and production rental tools, advanced rig design, engineering,drig construction, extended-reach drilling, drilling in environmentally sensitive and harsh/remote climates, and training and HSE programs.

Shell Exploration & Production Co.3601 C St., Suite 1000Anchorage, AK 99503Phone: 907-770-3700 Fax: 907-646-7142

Pete Slaiby, VP Alaska

[email protected]/alaska

1952 185 Arctic Offshore oil and gas exploration

XTO Energy Inc.52260 Wik RoadKenai, AK 99611Phone: 907-776-2506 Fax: 907-776-2542

Jack P. Williams, Pres.

[email protected]

1986 34 XTO activities and operations in Alaska include: Cook Inlet Onshore Acreage (January2013): 1,300; Cook Inlet Offshore Acreage (January 2013): 8,800. Communityinvestments are made in higher education, medical care, environmental research, andarts and civic organizations.


SERVICES, EQUIPMENT & SUPPLIESA

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3M Alaska11151 Calaska Cir.Anchorage, AK 99515Phone: 907-522-5200 Fax: 907-522-1645

Julie Morman, Gen. Mgr.

[email protected]

1976 15 3M manufactures a wide range of products covering many markets in Alaska. In the areaof natural resources, we provide products and services which support the oil/gas andmining industries in worker safety, electrical and communications, welding protection,fire and corrosion protection.

Acuren USA600 E. 57th Pl., Suite BAnchorage, AK 99518Phone: 907-569-5000 Fax: 907-569-5005

Dennis Lee, Mng. Dir.

acuren.com

2002 240 Materials engineering, nondestructive examination and integrity management for the oiland gas, power, mining, transportation and construction industries.

aeSolutions3800 Centerpoint Dr., Suite 620Anchorage, AK 99503Phone: 9078655992 Fax: 9078655993

Mike Davenport, Dir. AK Business Unit

[email protected]

1998 50 aeSolutions is a complete supplier of performance-based process safety engineeringand automation solutions. To fulfill their mission of continuously improving the safetyperformance of the process industry, they utilize proven processes to help ensureconsistent project execution and help customers

Afognak Leasing, LLC3909 Arctic Blvd., Suite 400Anchorage, AK 99503Phone: 907-222-9500 Fax: 907-222-9502

Matt Thorpe, Sr. VP of Operations

www.alutiiq.com

2004 26 Temporary and Remote Facilities, Portable Offices, New Camp Construction, CampRelocation, Camp Operations and Management.

Afognak Oilfield Services, LLC3909 Arctic Blvd., Suite 400Anchorage, AK 99503Phone: 907-222-9500 Fax: 907-222-9502

Jeff Allison, Sr. VP of Operations 2012 11 As a privately-owned Alaska oilfield service provider, we utilize revolutionary productsand services to produce innnovative solutions for challenges on our customers' projects.We specialize in oil field rig matting helping to ensure the protection of the environmentand personnel safety.

Air Liquide America L.P.6415 Arctic Blvd.Anchorage, AK 99518Phone: 907-562-2080 Fax: 907-564-9752

Robert Cook, Gen. Mgr.

airliquide.com

1905 75 Providing packaged and bulk gas, scientific and calibration gases, welding tools, fillermetals, hardgoods and machines to oilfield and pipeline constructors. Full line of rentalwelders and plasma equipment and repair (warranty and other) for all major weldingequipment and tool manufacturers.

Airgas USA LLC6350 Arctic Blvd.Anchorage, AK 99518Phone: 907-563-6644 Fax: 907-562-2090

William Sanborn, Reg. Pres., NorPac

airgas.com

1982 19 Airgas is the largest U.S. distributor of industrial, medical and specialty gases andwelding equipment and supplies. Airgas is also one of the largest distributors of safetyproducts in the U.S.

Alaska Air Cargo4700 Old Int'l Airport Rd.Anchorage, AK 99502Phone: 800-225-2752 Fax: 907-266-7808

Marilyn Romano, Reg. VP, Alaska

alaskacargo.com

1932 ~170 Goldstreak small package express, Petstreak animal express, priority and general airfreight services. Full ULD and charter services also available.

Alaska Airlines4750 Old Int'l Airport Rd.Anchorage, AK 99502Phone: 907-266-7200 Fax: 907-266-7229

Marilyn Romano, Reg. VP Alaska

alaskaair.com

1932 1700 Alaska Airlines and its sister carrier, Horizon Air, together, provide passenger and cargoservice to more than 95 cities in Alaska, Canada, Mexico, Hawaii, and the Lower 48.

Alaska Analytical Laboratory1956 Richardson Hwy.North Pole, AK 99705Phone: 907-488-1271 Fax: 907-488-0772

Stefan Mack, PE/Pres.

[email protected]

2008 3 ADEC certified environmental testing laboratory. Soil and water analysis for methods8021B, AK101, AK102 and AK103.

Alaska Clean Seas4720 Business Park Blvd., Suite G42Anchorage, AK 99503Phone: 907-743-8989 Fax: 907-743-8988

Barkley Lloyd, Gen. Mgr.

[email protected]

1979 67 As a not-for-profit cooperative, ACSÕs thirty-five year performance as the arctic expertsstands alone for delivering emergency and environmental response services on theNorth Slope of Alaska. ACS's base of operations is in Deadhorse and our business officeis in Anchorage.

Alaska Directional, LLCPO Box 871130Wasilla, AK 99687Phone: 907-357-9015 Fax: 907-357-9027

Billy Long, President/Member

[email protected]

2013 15 Horizontal directional drilling, trenching, utility installation.

Alaska Dreams Inc.2081 Van Horn Rd., #2Fairbanks, AK 99701Phone: 907-455-7712 Fax: 907-455-7713

Meini Huser, President

[email protected]

1994 30 Design, sales and construction for fabric covered and pre-engineered metal buildings.

Alaska Hydraulics Inc.166 E. Potter Dr., Suite #1Anchorage, AK 99518Phone: 907-562-2217 Fax: 907-561-1262

Thomas Loran, VP

[email protected]

1976 25 Hydraulic repair and design, sales and service.

Alaska Interstate Construction LLC301 W. Northern Lights Blvd., Suite 600Anchorage, AK 99503Phone: 907-562-2792 Fax: 907-562-4179

Steve Percy, Pres.

[email protected]

1987 450 Alaska Interstate Construction, LLC is an Alaska company providing heavy civilconstruction services to private industry, as well as local, state and federal governmentagencies in the oil and gas, mining and public works sectors throughout Alaska - fromthe Aleutian chain to the North Slope.

Alaska Marine Lines100 Mt. Roberts St., Suite 200Juneau, AK 99801Phone: 907-586-3790 Fax: 907-463-3298

Kevin Anderson, Pres.

[email protected]

1980 13 Twice weekly barge service to Southeast Alaska and weekly barge service to CentralAlaska. Charter and nonscheduled barge services.

Alaska Rubber & Rigging Supply5811 Old Seward Hwy.Anchorage, AK 99518-1479Phone: 907-562-2200 Fax: 907-561-7600

Janeece Higgins, Pres.

[email protected]

1981 60 AK's largest supplier of hydraulic & industrial hose assemblies & associated products;specialize in fabrication/testing of wire rope, chain & synthetic slings for overhead lifting& rigging; supply & service fueling, lubrication & pressure washing equip., hydraulicpumps, motors, cylinders & valves

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Alaska Support Industry Alliance3301 C St., Suite 205Anchorage, AK 99503Phone: 907-563-2226 Fax: 907-561-8870

Rebecca Logan, Gen. Mgr.

[email protected]

1979 5 More than 500 statewide businesses, organizations and individuals that derive theirlivelihood from providing products and services to Alaska's oil and gas and miningindustries. Our membership currently employs more than 30,000 Alaskans.

Alaska Textiles620 W. Fireweek Ln.Anchorage, AK 99503Phone: 907-265-4880 Fax: 907-265-4850

Clif Burnette, President

[email protected]

1978 20 We are the number one supplier of FRC Apparel, to include our very own KorbanaProtective Apparel, in Alaska and North Dakota. With a highly trained sales staff wemake customer service and quality control our priorities.

Alaska UVSPO Box 90895Anchorage, AK 99509Phone: 907-529-2797

Doug Patchin, President

[email protected]

2011 - A progressive Unmanned Aerial Vehicles company that reduces risk and increases toolsavailable to companies. Ice monitoring, 2D/3D mapping, inspect flare stack/pipeline leakdetection, security patrols, real time data to command centers, and agriculture/wildlife/marine mammal surveying.

Alaska West Express1048 Whitney Rd.Anchorage, AK 99501Phone: 907-339-5100 Fax: 907-339-5117

Scott Hicks, Pres.

[email protected]/awe

1978 133 Alaska West Express provides truckload transportation throughout the United States andCanada, specializing in your shipment to and from Alaska, where we are the leader intransporting liquid- and dry-bulk products, hazardous and non-hazardous chemicals andpetroleum products.

Alcan Electrical & Engineering Inc.6670 Arctic Spur Rd.Anchorage, AK 99518Phone: 907-563-3787 Fax: 907-562-6286

Scott Bringmann, Pres.

[email protected]

1971 175 Electrical & Telecommunications, Security, CCTV, Outside Line Construction, OilProduction Modules.

Allied GIS Inc.8600 Spendlove Dr.Anchorage, AK 99516Phone: 907-333-2750 Fax: 907-333-2751

Gail Morrison, Pres/Sr GIS Analyst

[email protected]

2002 2 GIS/mapping for oil & gas industry, spill response, environmental, land ownership,permitting, utility, programming, web services, ArcGIS Online, Google Earth Pro, mobileapps, app dev., software sales, training, CMMS, asset & facility mgmt. software, ESRIBusiness Partner & Adapx software resellers

Alutiiq General Contractors LLC3909 Arctic Blvd., Suite 400Anchorage, AK 99515Phone: 907-222-9500 Fax: 907-222-9519

Greg Strike, VP Construction

[email protected]

2009 24 Construction services, design-build, bid-build, pre-manufactured modular buildings, pre-engineered metal buildings, and waste-water/envirovac modules.

Alutiiq Oilfield Solutions LLC3452 Trailer St.Fairbanks, AK 99709Phone: 907-456-4433 Fax: 907-456-4439

Jeff Allison, Sr. VP of Operations

alutiiq.com

2001 20 We provide industrial coatings for the oil and gas industries as well as tundra andportable road matting.

Alyeska Pipeline Service Co.PO Box 196660, MS 542Anchorage, AK 99519-6660Phone: 907-787-8700 Fax: 907-787-8240

Thomas Barrett, Pres.

facebook.com/alyeskapipelinealyeska-pipe.com

1970 800+ Alyeska Pipeline Service Company has operated the Trans Alaska Pipeline Systemsince 1977, expected to deliver its 17 billionth barrel of oil in 2014. Focused on safe andflawless operations and sustainability, AlyeskaÕs employees are working to manage thechallenges of declining throughput.

American Fast Freight, Inc.5025 Van Buren St.Anchorage, AK 99517Phone: 907-248-5548 Fax: 907-243-7353

Ron Moore, Alaska Sales Manager

youtube.com/americanfastfreightamericanfast.com

1984 150 Ocean freight forwarding, freight consolidation, full loads, temperature protected, bypassmail and air freight, specialized equipment, heavy haul, project logistics, intra-statetrucking, Alcan express, barge, distribution, military shipments, household goods.

American Marine International6000 A St.Anchorage, AK 99518Phone: 907-562-5420 Fax: 907-562-5426

Tom Ulrich, VP

[email protected]

1973 45 American Marine International is a full service marine contractor providing internationalstandard commercial diving, marine construction services,vessel support and operationsthroughout the oil and gas industry.

Analytica Group4307 Arctic Blvd.Anchorage, AK 99503Phone: 907-375-8977 Fax: 907-258-6634

Elizabeth Rensch, Business Dev. Mgr.

[email protected]

1991 20 Analytica is the largest state certified laboratory in Alaska, specializing in drinking water,wastewater and general water quality testing. Locations in Anchorage, Fairbanks, andWasilla, Alaska. Analytica is a wholly owned subsidiary of The Aleut Corporation.www.aleutcorp.com.

APICC2600 Cordova St., Suite 105Anchorage, AK 99503Phone: 907-770-5250 Fax: 907-770-5251

Cari-Ann Ketterling, Manager

[email protected]

1998 5 Workforce development and career pathways for Alaska's oil, gas and mining industries;North Slope Training Cooperative (HSE), Process Technology Degree program support,industry priority occupations report, and Teacher Industry Externships (TIE).

ARCADIS880 H St., Suite 101Anchorage, AK 99501Phone: 907-276-8095 Fax: 907-276-8609

Roe Sturgulewski, AK Ops Leader

[email protected]

1994 (inAlaska)

30 ARCADIS is a leading global natural and built asset design and consultancy firm workingin partnership with our clients to deliver exceptional and sustainable outcomes throughthe application of design, consultancy, engineering, project and constructionmanagement services.

Arctic Branding & Apparel501 Raspberry Rd.Anchorage, AK 99518Phone: 907-868-3630 Fax: 907-771-9736

Angela Cernich, CEO 2012 7 Fire Resistant Protective Apparel, Safety Incentive Awards, Work Wear, PromotionalProducts and Safety Products.

Arctic Controls Inc.1120 E. Fifth Ave.Anchorage, AK 99501Phone: 907-277-7555 Fax: 907-277-9295

Scott Allan Stewart, Pres.

[email protected]

1985 5 Arctic Controls Inc. is Alaska's leading expert in valves, flow meters, actuators,instrumentation, and process controls for commercial oil, gas, and water management.Providing professional expertise for all commercial applications and can assist you withestimates and recommendations.

Arctic Foundations Inc.5621 Arctic Blvd.Anchorage, AK 99518Phone: 907-562-2741 Fax: 907-562-0153

Edward Yarmak, Pres.

[email protected]

1972 17 Two-phase thermosyphons for long-term ground freezing - used for permafroststabilization, frozen dams, containment, etc.

WE’RE NO STRANGERS TO ICE

360-696-0811TMFAB.COM

There’s a good reason why Thompson Metal Fab has assembled roughly one-third of the rigs currently operating on the North Slope.

We started over 75 years ago as a manufacturer of ice tongs used to carry blocks of frozen fuel to early refrigerators. As the years passed, American innovations would alter our lives and create the need for skilled manufacturers to keep up. Cities grew, so we built bridges to connect communities. Then, as the need for goods increased, we built infrastructure for American factories, and then later built the hydroelectric dams to power them. Over time, our focus shifted to becoming the leader in the manufacturing of arctic drilling rigs and we became experts at low-temperature fabrication, ironically returning us to our roots in ice.

Our history informed our expertise, and today we have knowledge, size and logistical advantages that are difficult to find elsewhere. Our 374,000 sq. ft. indoor fabrication facility is fully-equipped with modern tooling, heavy handling capabilities, and skilled labor. We have an additional 15-acres for rig-up and commissioning that is adjacent to a maintained roll-on roll-off barge slip only 90-miles upriver from the Pacific Ocean. We’re the only API 4F (4F-0087) licensed fabricator on the West Coast with direct access to water.

Thus, we forge ahead, inspired by our vision to innovate, our ability to empower, and our commitment to a sturdier, uncompromising standard.

API LICENSE (4F-0087), ISO (9001:2008), AISC (ADVANCED BRIDGES, F, P1), ASME (SECTION VIII) | VETERAN OWNED SMALL BUSINESS

WE ARE THOMPSON METAL FAB, AND WE ARE FORGING THE FUTURE.

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AKEmpls. Services

ARCTOS LLC130 W. Int'l Airport Rd., Suite RAnchorage, AK 99518Phone: 907-632-1006 Fax: 866-532-3915

Kirsten K. Ballard, CEO

[email protected]

2007 10 ARCTOS specializes in ODPCP "C" Plans, full range spill prevention and responseplanning services, response management and support, project permitting, complianceassistance with state and federal oil pollution regulations. Project engineering, APIcertified tank, piping and AWS welding inspections, HSE and waste management plans.

ASRC Energy Services Inc.3900 C St., Suite 701Anchorage, AK 99503Phone: 907-339-6200 Fax: 907-339-6212

Jeff Kinneeveauk, Pres./CEO

[email protected]

1985 3305 AES offers expertise from the earliest regulatory stage to exploration, drilling support,engineering, fabrication, construction, project management, operations and maintenanceand field abandonment.

ATCO Structures & Logistics Ltd.425 G St.Anchorage, AK 99501Phone: 907-677-6983 Fax: 907-677-6984

Harry Wilmot, Pres./COO

[email protected]

1947 2 ATCO Structures & Logistics offers complete infrastructure solutions to customersworldwide, including remote work force housing, portable offices and trailers, innovativemodular facilities, construction, site support services, operations support, catering andnoise reduction technologies.

Baker Hughes Inc.795 E. 94th Ave.Anchorage, AK 99515Phone: 907-267-3409 Fax: 907-267-3401

Peter Mathew, Dir. AK Geomarket

www.bakerhughes.com

1910 260 An international engineering firm, delivering technical solutions to the oil industry for over100 years. Reservoir services to drill bits, directional drilling, pumping services andcompletion equipment.

Bald Mountain AirPO Box 3134Homer, AK 99603Phone: 907-235-7969 Fax: 907-235-6602

Gary Porter, Director of Operations

[email protected]

1993 12 Single and multi-engine; 19 passenger, cargo and fuel delivery; VFR and IFR capable;turbine fleet for reliability; off-airport and arctic operations; Flight safety trained crews;services on wheels, floats and skis; aerial scientific platforms; 100NM+ off shore surveycapability.

Beacon Occupational Health and Safety800 Cordova St.Anchorage, AK 99501Phone: 907-222-7612 Fax: 907-222-6976

Holly Hylen, Pres./CEO

[email protected]

1999 250 On-site medical staffing, safety staffing, full service third party administration drug andalcohol testing, occupational medicine, and work related injury and illness management.

Beaded StreamPO Box 190311Anchorage, AK 99519-0311Phone: 907-227-9421 Fax: 907-227-9421

Brian R. Shumaker, Owner/Dir. Eng.

[email protected]

2004 4 Through the manufacture and installation of patented multi-point TemperatureAcquisition Cables and satellite data loggers, BeadedStream LLC monitors and profilesground, snow, air, and water temperature data in real-time via the web.

Bering Marine6441 S. Airpark Pl.Anchorage, AK 99502Phone: 907-248-7646 Fax: 907-245-1744

Rick Gray, Pres.

[email protected]

1985 30 Bering Marine Corporation provides highly specialized, contracted marine services toreach water-locked villages and other remote Alaska locations. Bering Marine getsbuilding materials, equipment and gravel to some of Alaska's most isolated spots.

Black Gold Oilfield Services615 Bidwill Ave., Suite 103Fairbanks, AK 99701Phone: 907-374-9300 Fax: 888-481-2898

Chris Huffman, CEO

facebook.com/blackgoldlodgingblackgoldlodging.com

2009 20 Black Gold Oilfield Services is a full-service provider of turn-key workforce housing inremote areas and extreme weather conditions. With years of experience, we coordinateevery aspect of your facility, from concept design and setup, to management andcatering.

Bristol Engineering Services Corporation111 W. 16th Ave., Third FloorAnchorage, AK 99501Phone: 800-563-0013 Fax: 907-563-6713

Traviw Woods, Pres./CEO

www.bristol-companies.com

1994 18 Civil engineering, permitting and planning; total project management encompassingplanning, design and construction. facebook.com/BristolAllianceOfCompanies

Bristol Fuel Systems, LLC111 W. 16th Avenue, Third FloorAnchorage, AK 99501Phone: 800-563-0013 Fax: 907-563-6713

Ed Znoj, Fuels Division Manager

www.bristol-companies.com

2010 5 Bristol Fuel Systems, LLC, serves the oil and gas markets with design, construction, andtesting of bulk fuel facilities, as well as piping/pipeline and fuel systems, with a specialemphasis on military aircraft fuel systems. facebook.com/BristolAllianceOfCompanies

Bristow Alaska Inc1915 Donald Ave.Fairbanks, AK 99701Phone: 907-452-1197 Fax: 907-452-4539

Danny Holder

[email protected]

1977 72 Helicopter contract and charter transportation services.

Brooks Range Supply Inc.Pouch 340008Prudhoe Bay, AK 99734Phone: 907-659-2550 Fax: 907-659-2650

Eric Helzer, Pres./CEO

[email protected]

1982 40+ Diverse range of automotive and heavy equipment parts, industrial and hydraulic hose,hardware, welding equipment, safety and MRO supplies, propane refilling, oil spillmaterials, lubricants, WSB fuel and oil enhancement products, hand and power tools,NAPA, True Value, VIPAR, IWDC Welding.

C2 North LLC4141 B St., Suite 201Anchorage, AK 99503Phone: 907-569-9122 Fax: 603-388-0793

Melanie Roller, Owner/Principal

[email protected]

2001 2 Small business certifications with an emphasis on Alaska Native corporations. Projectmanagement, technical writing and business solutions for the oil and gas industry.

Canadian Mat Systems (Alaska) Inc.831 Gambell St.Anchorage , AK 99501Phone: 907-272-5766

Wadeen Hepworth, AK Sales Mgr.

[email protected]

2002 1 Internationally advanced rig mat and environmentally safe Permazyme soil stabilizationsolutions. Rig matting; wood/steel, interlocking, composite, plastic. Composite bridgesand marine products. Design, Build, Deliver. We welcome challenges.

Canrig Drilling Technology Ltd.301 E. 92nd Ave.Anchorage, AK 99515Phone: 907-561-2465 Fax: 907-561-2474

Jim Carson, Alaska District Mgr.

canrig.com

1989 12 Canrig provides capital equipment sales, services and rentals and enterprise solutions tothe upstream oil and gas industry.

Carlile Transportation Systems1800 E. First Ave.Anchorage, AK 99501-1833Phone: 907-276-7797 Fax: 907-278-7301

James Armstrong, Pres.

[email protected]

1980 550 Transportation and logistics company offering multi-model trucking as well as projectlogistic services across Alaska and North America



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CCI Industrial Services, LLC560 E. 34th Ave., Suite 200Anchorage, AK 99503-4161Phone: 907-258-5755 Fax: 907-770-9452

A. Ben Schoffmann, Pres./CEO

[email protected]

1989 250 Corrosion-under-insulation refurbishment; asbestos and lead surveys and abatement;specialty coatings; sandblasting; tank and vessel cleaning; fire proofing; demolition andhazardous waste removal; operations, maintenance and construction; oil spill response;heat treat services.

CH2M HILL949 E. 36th Ave., Suite 500Anchorage, AK 99508Phone: 907-762-1500 Fax: 907-762-1600

Terry Bailey, Sr. VP AK Reg Mgr

[email protected]/alaska

1946 2,456 Premier Alaskan oil & gas contractor; offering consulting, engineering, procurement,logistics, fabrication, construction, construction management, operations andmaintenance service all under one roof; supporting oil & gas, mining, environmental,water, power, transportation and government.

Chugach Alaska Corporation3800 Centerpoint Dr., Suite 700Anchorage, AK 99503-4396Phone: 907-563-8866 Fax: 907-563-8402

Gabriel Kompkoff, CEO

[email protected]

1972 500 Chugach provides wide-ranging services for federal, municipal and commercial clientsincluding facilities management and maintenance, construction and engineering,technical and information technology, education and oil and gas services.

Colville Inc.Pouch 340012Prudhoe Bay, AK 99734Phone: 907-659-3198 Fax: 907-659-3190

Eric Helzer, Pres./CEO

[email protected]

1981 200 Colville's group of oilfield companies provide a full compliment of Arctic Logisticscapabilities. Our services include fuel, aviation, waste management, transport, industrialsupply and camp services.

CONAM Construction Co.301 W. Northern Lights Blvd., Suite 300Anchorage, AK 99503Phone: 907-278-6600 Fax: 907-278-4401

Dale Kissee, Pres.

conamco.com

1984 100 General construction contractor specializing in design and construction of oil and gasfacilities and pipelines, mining facilities, water and sewer facilities, and other remoteinfrastructure projects.

Construction Machinery Industrial5400 Homer Dr.Anchorage, AK 99518Phone: 907-563-3822 Fax: 907-563-1381

Ken Gerondale, Pres./CEO

[email protected]

1985 105 Construction and mining equipment sales, rentals, service, and parts.

CPD Alaska LLC (Crowley)201 Arctic Slope Ave.Anchorage, AK 99518Phone: 907-777-5505 Fax: 907-777-5550

Bob Cox, VP

[email protected]

1892 285 CPD operates fuel terminals in 22 locations in the Railbelt, western AK and now SE AK,providing home heating oil, jet fuel, diesel, gasoline and propane. Our fuel barges makedirect deliveries to over 200 western Alaska communities. Crowley proudly celebrates 60years of service to Alaska.

Craig Taylor Equipment733 E. Whitney Rd.Anchorage, AK 99501Phone: 907-276-5050 Fax: 907-276-0889

Lonnie G Parker, Pres/CEO

[email protected]

1954 57 Factory authorized dealer for: Komatsu construction and mining, Bobcat loaders andexcavators, John Deere commercial and lawn tractors, Dynapac compaction rollers,Fecom land clearing attachments and carriers. Providing sales, parts and service.

Crowley Solutions201 Arctic Slope Ave.Anchorage, AK 99518Phone: 907-777-5505 Fax: 907-777-5550

Bruce Harland, VP

crowley.com

1892 500 Crowley Solutions was formed in 2010 to provide increased support services to the oiland gas industry including turnkey project management solutions, ocean towing, heavylift transportation services, spill response services, tanker escort and docking services inValdez.

Cruz Construction7000 E. Palmer Wasilla Hwy.Palmer , AK 99645Phone: 907-746-3144 Fax: 907-746-5557

Dave Cruz, Pres.

[email protected]

1990 192 Specializing in heavy civil construction and remote work locations throughout the state ofAlaska. Oilfield support services and support, ice roads, ice pads, transportation and rigsupport.

Cruz Marine LLC7000 E. Palmer-Wasilla Hwy.Palmer, AK 99645Phone: 907-746-3144 Fax: 907-746-5557

Kevin JT Weiss, General Manager

[email protected]

2008 20 Shallow draft marine support for heavy civil and oil field services in based in Cook Inletwith services extending to the western and arctic coast of Alaska. Eco friendly tugs andramp barges that have double hull fuel tanks and hospital grade silencers.

Cummins Northwest LLC2618 Commercial Dr.Anchorage, AK 99501Phone: 907-279-7594 Fax: 907-276-6340

Jeff Pereira, Operations Manager

www.cumminsnorthwest.com

1969 30 Solutions for your power needs. Sales and service for Cummins engines and generators,also an extensive parts inventory for Cummins engines and generators. Selling andservicing generators for your business, home, RV or camp.

Deadhorse Aviation CenterPO Box 34006Prudhoe Bay, AK 99734Phone: 907-685-1700 Fax: 907-685-1798

Sherron Perry, Pres.

deadhorseaviationcenter.com

1976 9 The DAC is Fairweather, LLC's multimodal aviation facility designed to meet the needsof onshore and offshore oil and gas development on the North Slope. The DAC has 2large hangars, office space, terminal, full-service medical facility, bedrooms, and fulldining facility.

Delta Leasing LLC8101 Dimond Hook Dr.Anchorage, AK 99507Phone: 907-771-1300 Fax: 907-771-1380

Rudi von Imhof, Pres.

[email protected]

2002 33 Specialized leasing of fleet trucks, SUVs, vans, & shuttle buses, as well as construction& mining equipment, oil & gas equipment. GM, Dodge & International warranty repaircenter. Alaskan-owned. Deadline driven. Results oriented. Anchorage/Kenai/PrudhoeBay/Fairbanks/Remote Alaska.

Delta Western Inc.420 L St., Suite 101Anchorage, AK 99501Phone: 800-478-2688 Fax: 206-213-0103

Kirk Payne, President

deltawestern.com

1985 100 Fuel and lubricant distribution

Denali Drilling8240 Petersburg St.Anchorage, AK 99507Phone: 907-562-2312 Fax: 907-562-5971

Ron Pichler, Pres.

[email protected] or [email protected]

1970 20 DDI provides geotechnical, environmental, mineral exploration, commercial water welland large diameter (8') shaft drilling. We also drill, install tie-backs and constructretaining walls. We have provided these services throughout Alaska since 1970.Specialized equipment for onshore and offshore.

DHL Global Forwarding2000 W. Int'l Airport Rd.Anchorage, AK 99502Phone: 907-243-4301 Fax: 907-677-0900

John Witte, Reg. Mgr.

[email protected]

1970 10 Worldwide freight services featuring total Alaska coverage. Specializing in air cargo,trucking, express services, warehousing, storage solutions, supply chain and rail freight.

WHEN THE ROAD ENDS,WE KEEP GOING

ONE POINT OF CONTACT, A WORLD OF SOLUTIONS. 1-800-478-1853 | carlile.biz

Whether your project is across Alaska, North America or even beyond, Carlile has the expertise and equipment to deliver PO-to-project solutions that are seamless and reliable. We’ll take care of the trucks, planes, ships and trains – so your cargo arrives on time and on budget.



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Dowland-Bach CorporationPO Box 230126Anchorage, AK 99523-0126Phone: 907-562-5818 Fax: 907-562-5816

Reed B Christensen, Pres. Gen. Mgr.

[email protected]

1975 26 Wellhead Control Systems, NRTL Listed Industrial Control Panel Fabrication,Automation Services/Systems Integration, Stainless Steel Tubing, Pipe, Fittings,Flanges. Chemical Injection and Custom Stainless Steel fabrication.

Doyon Anvil509 W. Third Ave.Anchorage, AK 99501Phone: 907-276-2747 Fax: 907-279-4088

Werner Plagge, Gen. Mgr.

doyonanvil.com

1984 40 Full service consulting engineering for the Petro chemical industry.

Doyon Universal Services LLC11500 C St., Suite 100Anchorage, AK 99515Phone: 907-522-1300 Fax: 907-522-3531

Thomas (Bob) Kean, Pres.

doyonuniversal.com

1946 900 Operational support including catering, housekeeping, facility maintenance and security.

Engineered Fire and Safety3138 Commercial Dr.Anchorage, AK 99501Phone: 907-274-7973 Fax: 907-274-6265

Matt Atkins, Gen. Mgr.

[email protected]

1986 19 Fire and gas detection and suppression system design, supply, installation and service.Alaska's only representative of Detector Electronics, Kidde Fire Systems, FenwalProtection Systems, Chemetron Fire Systems, EST/Edwards fire alarm, and Siemensfire alarm.

Equipment Source Inc.1919 Van Horn Rd.Fairbanks, AK 99701Phone: 888-868-9049 Fax: 907-458-7180

Troy Lockes, General Manager

equipmentsourceinc.com

2000 36 We offer durable, Alaskan built industrial heaters, generator sets, triplex pumps, waterpumps, trailers, enclosures, and more. Our manufactured products focus on supplyingsolutions for the oil, gas, and mining industries. We are also a proud Kubota Tractordealer.

Era Helicopters LLC6160 Carl Brady Dr., Hangar 2Anchorage, AK 99502Phone: 907-550-8600 Fax: 907-550-8608

Elliott Neal, Vice President - Alaska

[email protected]

1948 130 Founded in Alaska in 1948, Era not only serves the oil and gas industry in Alaska, butprovides services for geological surveys, university studies concerning global warmingand wildlife impact, state and government business, executive charter services andflight-seeing tours.

ESS Labor Services201 Post RdAnchorage, AK 99501Phone: 907-344-1207 Fax: 907-865-9850

Larry Weihs, COO

[email protected]

1984 300 Full service camp operator: food service, housekeeping, janitorial, security,transportation, labor service.

ESS Support Services Worldwide201 Post Rd.Anchorage, AK 99501Phone: 907-344-1207 Fax: 907-865-9850

Larry Weihs, COO

[email protected]

1986 300 Restaurants, lounges and espresso operations. Catering services: small to large remotesite facilities for short- or long-term projects, including offshore drilling platforms,employee staffing and leasing, in-flight services, governmental agency support servicesand Impressions Catering.

Fairweather LLC9525 King St.Anchorage, AK 99515Phone: 907-346-3247 Fax: 907-349-1920

Lori Davey, General Manager

fairweather.com

1976 140 Founded in 1976 by Sherron Perry, Fairweather offers a range of highly-specializedservices to support remote oil & gas & mining operations. These services include remotemedical & HSE support, meteorological & oceanographic forecasting, aviation & airstripsupport & expediting & logistics services.

Fircroft Inc.2550 Denali St., Suite 1202Anchorage, AK 99503Phone: 907-569-8100 Fax: 907-569-8099

Sherill Lumba, Branch Mgr.

[email protected]

2009 50+ Fircroft is a leading provider of technical recruitment solutions to a number of specialistindustries, active in over 30 countries worldwide. Our key sectors include: oil & gas,petrochemicals & process, automotive & aerospace, nuclear & power, mining & mineralsand general engineering.

Foss Maritime Company188 W Northern Lights Blvd, Ste 1020Anchorage, AK 99503Phone: 907-782-4950 Fax: 206-281-4702

Gary Faber, Pres., Global Svcs.

[email protected]

1889 24 Foss offers tug and barge support services, contract towing, offshore support, and oildevelopment project support. We also partner with the energy services arm of the ArcticSlope Regional Corporation to assist with petroleum field production in the North Slopewhile safeguarding the environment.

Foundex Pacific Inc.2261 Cinnabar Lp.Anchorage, AK 99507Phone: 907-522-8263 Fax: 907-522-8262

Howard J. Grey, Mgr.

[email protected]

1983 15 Provide geotechnical and environmental drilling services. Equipped for drilling with airand mud rotary, sonic, coring and auger tools. Some of our equipment is speciallydesigned for helicopter support.

Fugro5761 Silverado Way, Suite OAnchorage, AK 99518Phone: 907-561-3478 Fax: 907-561-5123

David Millar, Managing Director

[email protected]

2005 10 Offshore: marine geophysics and seafloor mapping, metocean services andgeotechnical investigations. Onshore: aerial and satellite mapping, precise positioning,geotechnical investigations, and regulatory and environmental assessments.

GeoTek Alaska Inc.PO Box 11-1155Anchorage, AK 99511-1155Phone: 907-569-5900 Fax: 907-929-5762

Christopher Nettels, Pres.

[email protected]

2002 25 We specialize in the acquisition of subsurface data for both the environmental andgeotechnical professional communities. If your needs involve the characterization of thesubsurface for either environmental assessments or geotechnical data acquisition, weprovide drilling and geophysical services.

GIS Oilfield1800 W. 48th Ave., Suite GAnchorage, AK 99517Phone: 907-265-3600 Fax: 907-265-3699

Mark Pregeant, President

www.gisy.com

1948 160 GIS is a full service construction and fabrication company providing turnkey solutions forthe resource development industries: Field Construction, O&M/TAR support; Fabricatingof Industrial, & Blast Resistant Modules, Camps, Envirovacs, Offices Complexes & otherLight Modules construction.

Global Diving & Salvage Inc.5304 Eielson St.Anchorage, AK 99518Phone: 907-563-9060 Fax: 907-563-9061

Devon Grennan, CEO/Pres.

[email protected]

1979 23 Specialize in portable mixed gas and saturation diving with capabilities to 1,000 feet andprovide a variety of underwater maintenance, repair, installations and inspections. Fullproject management services and engineering support for undertakings that requiretechnical underwater services.

Global Services Inc.1701 E. 84th Ave.Anchorage, AK 99507Phone: 907-349-3342 Fax: 907-349-2015

Kurt Winkler, Pres.

facebook.com/globalsrvcglobalsrvc.com

1982 25 Remote camps, industrial catering, and facilities management.



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Golder Associates Inc.2121 Abbott Rd., Suite 100Anchorage, AK 99507Phone: 907-344-6001 Fax: 907-344-6011

Mitchells Richard, Mgr. AK Operations

golder.com

1980 44 Arctic and geotechnical engineering, groundwater resource development, environmentalsciences and remedial investigation.

Granite Construction Company11471 Lang St.Anchorage, AK 99515Phone: 907-344-2593 Fax: 907-344-1562

Derek Betts, VP/Region Mgr.

[email protected]

1922 60 Public and private heavy civil construction, design-build, construction aggregates,recycled base, warm and hot mix asphalt, road construction, bridges, piling, mineinfrastructure and reclamation and sitework.

Great Northwest Inc.PO Box 74646Fairbanks, AK 99707Phone: 907-452-5617 Fax: 907-456-7779

John Minder, CEO

[email protected]

1976 250 Heavy highway civil contstruction, utilities, paving, landscaping

HaberVision15710 W. Colfax Ave #204Golden, CO 80401Phone: 303-459-2220 Fax: 303-379-4742

Steve Haber, Chairman/Co-Founder

[email protected]

2005 10+ HaberVision is an innovative leader in Safety Eyewear. The first only patented ULIntrinsically Safe Auto No Fog Fan technology in our Safety Fan Goggles, and SplashFan Goggles. Steve Haber, founder of Bolle and an Alaska resident, has returned to theeyewear industry with sunglasses and goggles.

Halliburton Energy Services6900 Arctic Blvd.Anchorage, AK 99518Phone: 907-275-2600 Fax: 907-275-2650

Robert McDaniel, AK Distr. Ops Mgr.

halliburton.com

1966 505 Halliburton offers a broad array of oilfield technologies and services to upstream oil andgas customers worldwide.

Hawk Consultants LLC670 W. Fireweed Ln., Suite 201Anchorage, AK 99503Phone: 907-278-1877 Fax: 907-278-1877

Maynard Tapp, Managing Member

[email protected]

1985 100 Project management services for the Alaska oil and gas industry, primarily through staffaugmentation services. We also provide technical consulting services during all phasesof project delivery and serve clients in contract closeout, claims consulting, and disputeresolution services at project completion.

Hector's Welding Inc.2473 Old Richardson Hwy.North Pole, AK 99705Phone: 907-488-6432 Fax: 907-488-8385

Ken Therriault, VP/Gen. Mgr.

[email protected]

1956 6 Steel sales, iron fabrication: shear, brake, roll, Iron Worker and 10' X 24' plasma table.Located at 701 Finel Drive in North Pole.

High Tide Exploration2775 N. Hematite Dr.Wasilla, AK 99654Phone: 907-354-3132 Fax: 907-354-3132

Chris Hoffman, Owner

[email protected]

2010 1 We gather underwater video to depths of 1,000 ft using our Remotely Operated Vehiclethroughout Alaska and locations worldwide. The ROV can be deployed quickly and canwork from a variety of platforms. As biologists, we are well suited to describe underwaterhabitat or can team with engineers to assess underwater infrastructure.

ANCHORAGE 300 EAST 54TH AVENUE | 907.563.5000

SUMMER HOURS MON – FRI: 7:30AM TO 5:30 PM SAT: 8:00AM TO NOON | CLOSED SUNDAY

Polar Supply stocks a wide range of specialty product lines including: deciduous and evergreen trees and shrubs, as well as plastic and metal commercial landscape edging.

We also sell bulk commercial grade grass seed, fertilizer, and lime.

ANCHORAGE

Anchorage Commercial Nursery!COME CHECK OUT OUR



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www.akbizmag.com� May 2014 | Alaska Business Monthly� 123

Company

Top ExecutiveEstab.

AKEmpls. Services

Independent Lift Truck of Alaska1200 E. 70th Ave.Anchorage, AK 99518Phone: 907-344-3383 Fax: 907-344-8366

Wayne Dick, Pres.

[email protected]

1982 22 Authorized Dealers and repair centers for Advance floor care machines. CAT,Jungheinrich, Mitsubishi, Manitou, Maximal, Bendi and Skyjack forklifts; GEHL andWacker Neuson construction equipment. Full parts, sales and service for most all makesand models of equipment.

Intertek Resource Solutions, Inc.205 E. Benson Blvd., Suite 116Anchorage, AK 99503Phone: 907-337-1900 Fax: 907-337-1905

Drema Fitzhugh, Business Dev. Mgr.

[email protected]

1911 90+ Technical Staffing: contract staffing, permanent placement, assignment support.Technical Inspection: recognition and accreditation, project life cycle and managedservices, expediting, auditing and inspection. Consulting and Training. Oil, chemical andelectrical testing and certification.

Intertek Testing Service NA, Inc.22887 NE Townsend WayFairview, OR 97024Phone: N/A Fax: 503-676-2350

Greg Tiemann, Exec. VP

[email protected]

1896 5+ Third party testing laboratory for product safety testing of electrical, mechanical, buildingproducts, sanitation and wood or gas fired appliances. This includes the oil and gasindustries and seafood processing plants throughout Alaska.

Jacobs4300 B St., Suite 600Anchorage, AK 99503Phone: 907-563-3322 Fax: 907-563-3320

Terry Heikkila, Dir. AK Ops

jacobs.com

1947 70 Professional services provider to federal and energy clients. AK services includeenvironmental permitting, compliance, investigation & remediation; energy conservation;logistics; upstream design; feasibility analysis & construction management.

Judy Patrick Photography511 W. 41st Ave., Suite 101Anchorage, AK 99503Phone: 907-258-4704 Fax: 907-258-4706

Judy Patrick, Owner

[email protected]

1984 1 Creative photography for oil and gas, mining, construction and transportation industriesin North America.

Kakivik Asset Management, LLC560 E. 34th Ave., Suite 200Anchorage, AK 99503-4161Phone: 907-770-9400 Fax: 907-770-9450

A. Ben Schoffmann, Pres./CEO

[email protected]

1999 200 Kakivik is a full service industrial asset integrity management company specializing inNondestructive Testing (NDT), External and Internal Corrosion Investigations, QualityProgram Management and Field Chemical and Corrosion Management includingchemical laboratory and coupon/probe operations.

LifeMed AlaskaPO Box 190026Anchorage, AK 99519-0026Phone: 907-563-6633 Fax: 907-563-6636

Scott Kirby, CEO

[email protected]

2008 101 Statewide air ambulance services with bases in Anchorage, Bethel, Fairbanks, Palmerand Soldotna. Anchorage-based ALS ground ambulance services. CAMTS Accredited.

Lifewater Engineering Company1936 Donald Ave.Fairbanks, AK 99701Phone: 907-458-7024 Fax: 907-458-7025

Bob Tsigonis, Pres./PE

[email protected]

1998 10 Sewage treatment plant and drinking water treatment plants, Commercial andResidential. Specializing in design, permitting, fabrication, training, and operation. Plantsbuilt to work in the most extreme environments and most remote places. Plastic tankfabrication.

Anywhere you need it. Any season of the year.

Our crews have decades of experience, and the skilled manpower to take on any task.

With our tundra-approved vehicles, we can get your drill rig and project materials to any remote location, and build ice pads and ice roads. And our range of logistics support – hauling fuel and freight – has been broadened with the addition of our new marine services division.

From start to finish, we are a partner who can deliver what you need.

Where the road ends…

Our Work Begins

tundra transport • rig moves • rig support • remote camps • ice roads • ice pads • well site trailer units • marine services

cruzconstruct.comMain Office (907) 746-3144North Slope (907) 659-2866



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Company

Top ExecutiveEstab.

AKEmpls. Services

Little Red Services Inc.3700 Center Point Dr., Suite 1300Anchorage, AK 99503-5393Phone: 907-349-2931 Fax: 907-349-2750

Douglas Smith, Pres./CEO

[email protected]

1983 100 Hot oil, fluid heating, and pumping services throughout Alaska.

Lounsbury & Associates5300 A St.Anchorage, AK 99518Phone: 907-272-5451 Fax: 907-272-9065

Jim Sawhill, Pres.

[email protected]

1949 85 Civil engineering, land surveying, planning, construction management. Servicing localand state government, oil and gas industry and more.

Lynden Air Cargo6441 S. Airpark Pl.Anchorage, AK 99502Phone: 907-243-7248 Fax: 907-257-5124

Rick Zerkel, Pres.

[email protected]

1996 153 Charter air cargo service. Scheduled air cargo and express package service.

Lynden International6441 S. Airpark Pl.Anchorage, AK 99502Phone: 907-243-6150 Fax: 907-243-2143

David Richardson, Pres.

[email protected]/lint

1980 53 Air cargo and express-package services, nonscheduled and scheduled airtransportation, air courier services, freight transportation services and local deliveryservices.

Lynden Logistics6441 S. Airpark Pl.Anchorage, AK 99502Phone: 907-245-1544 Fax: 907-245-1744

Alex McKallor, Pres.

[email protected]

1984 3 Arrangement of freight transportation, information management and logistical services.

Lynden Transport Inc.3027 Rampart Dr.Anchorage, AK 99501Phone: 907-276-4800 Fax: 907-257-5155

Paul Grimaldi, Pres.

[email protected]/ltia/

1954 134 Full-service, multi-mode freight transportation to, from and within Alaska.

MagTec Alaska LLC43385 Kenai Spur Hwy.Kenai, AK 99611Phone: 907-394-6305 Fax: 907-335-6313

Ryan Andrew Peterkin, Pres.

[email protected]

2008 70 Oilfield equipment rental and project support. Logistic service, North Slope camps,equipment sales and service. Generators 20KW to 2meg, heaters, trucks, vans andflatbeds. Based in Kenai with a camp and service center in Deadhorse.

Marsh Creek LLC2000 E. 88th Ave.Anchorage, AK 99507Phone: 907-258-0050 Fax: 907-279-5710

Mick McKay, CEO

[email protected]

2004 140 Energy systems, environmental, construction, telecommunications.



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Company

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AKEmpls. Services

MFCP Jackovich1716 N. Post Rd.Anchorage, AK 99501Phone: 907-277-1406 Fax: 907-258-1700

Peter Grimes, VP

[email protected]

1960 47 Serving Alaska for 47 years, we offer products and services to the mining, petroleum,and construction industries in Fairbanks and Anchorage. MFCP Jackovich providesParker Hannifin fluid power components and all other types of industrial and hydraulichoses, fittings, and accessories.

Michael Baker Jr. Inc.3900 C St., Suite 900Anchorage, AK 99503Phone: 907-273-1600 Fax: 907-273-1699

Jeffrey Baker, AK Office Principal

mbakercorp.com

1942 60 Engineering-pipeline, H&H, geotechnical, mechanical, civil, structural; GIS and LiDARmapping; design; NEPA and permitting.

Million Air Anchorage6160 Carl Brady Dr.Anchorage, AK 99502Phone: 907-550-8500 Fax: 907-550-8502

Elliott Nal, VP

[email protected]/FBO/anc.aspx

1979 50 WeÕre AlaskaÕs 24 hour, full service FBO with fuel, aircraft support, crew resting facilitiesand business services.

Motion Industries Inc. (Anchorage)611 E. Int'l Airport Rd.Anchorage, AK 99518Phone: 907-563-5565 Fax: 907-563-5536

Matt Bailey, Anch. Branch Mgr.

[email protected]

2007 8 A leading distributor of industrial maintenance, repair and operation (MRO) replacementparts (over 5.2 million parts), including bearings, power transmission, hydraulic/pneumatic components, linear, hydraulic/industrial hose, industrial and safety supplies,seals, process pumps & material handling.

Motion Industries Inc. (Fairbanks)1895 Van Horn Rd., Unit AFairbanks, AK 99701Phone: 907-452-4488 Fax: 907-456-8840

Brad Deweese, Fairbanks Branch Mgr.

[email protected]

1970 4 A leading distributor of industrial maintenance, repair and operations (MRO)replacement parts (over 5.2 million parts), including bearings, power transmission,hydraulic/pneumatic components, linear, hydraulic/indus. hose, indus. & safety supplies,process pumps, seals & material handling

MWH1835 S. Bragaw St., Suite 350Anchorage, AK 99508Phone: 907-248-8883 Fax: 907-248-8884

Chris Brown, Alaska Reg. Mgr.

[email protected]

1977 30 Water, wastewater, environmental remediation, permitting and power.

N C Machinery6450 Arctic Blvd.Anchorage, AK 99518Phone: 907-786-7500 Fax: 907-786-7580

John J. Harnish, Pres./CEO

[email protected]

1926 273 Cat machine sales, parts, service, and rental. Cat engines for marine, power generation,truck, petroleum, and industrial applications. Sales and rental of Cat and other preferredbrands of rental equipment and construction supplies.

NANA WorleyParsonsPO Box 111100Anchorage, AK 99511Phone: 907-273-3900 Fax: 907-273-3990

Rock Hengen, Pres./Gen. Mgr.

[email protected]

1997 500 A project delivery company focused on multi-discipline engineering and desgin,procurement and construction management services for the Hydrocarbons, Power,Minerals & Metals, and Infrastructure & Environment industries.

WE DO IT BETTER.

Better Products. Better Service. Better Results.

Fleet Trucks & SUV’s Crew Transport Vehicles Industrial Equipment Aerial Equipment Heavy Duty Oilfi eld Equipment Specialty Equipment

Anchorage: 907.771.1300Prudhoe Bay: 907.659.9056

www.deltaleasing.com

From Alaska’s Premier Leasing Company. DELTA LEASING, LLC.



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Company

Top ExecutiveEstab.

AKEmpls. Services

National Oilwell Varco10330 Old Seward Hwy.Anchorage, AK 99515-2627Phone: 907-522-3727 Fax: 907-522-3497

Lori White, Branch Manager

[email protected]

1955 28 Manufacture and distribution of oilfield parts and equipment. MRO supplies. Pipe,valves, and fittings. Various oilfield specialty items.

NORCON Inc.949 E. 36th Ave., Suite 143Anchorage, AK 99508Phone: 907-349-0821 Fax: 907-275-6300

Jeff Doyle, VP

[email protected]

1974 136 NORCON is a full-service General Contractor with particular expertise in Mechanicalconstruction. NORCON delivers high quality mechanical istallations work at PrudhoeBay, AK, executing a variety of projects, including: Well Tie-Ins, critical shutdowns/turnaround, and support facility construction.

Nordic-Calista Services219 E. Int'l Airport Rd., Suite 200Anchorage, AK 99518Phone: 907-561-7458 Fax: 907-563-8347

Noel Therrien, Ops. Mgr.

[email protected]

1986 128 Workovers, completions, coiled tubing drilling, rotary drilling, remote camp leasing andcatering services.

Northern Air Cargo3900 Old International Airport Rd.Anchorage, AK 99502Phone: 907-243-3331 Fax: 907-249-5191

David W. Karp, President/CEO

[email protected]

1956 340 Anchorage based Northern Air Cargo is AlaskaÕs largest all-cargo airline. From groceriesand generators to medical supplies and lumber, customers across Alaska, including awide array of industries such as oil & gas, mining, construction, and commercial fishingrely on NACÕs services.

Northern Land Use Research Alaska LLC234 Front St.Fairbanks, AK 99701Phone: 907-474-9684 Fax: 907-474-8370

Burr J. Neely, Gen. Mgr.

[email protected]

1991 15+ National Historic Preservation Act Sec. 106 assessments; identification, evaluation,mitigation services-prehistoric/historic archaeology, historic architecture, culturallandscapes, and subsistence investigations; documents to satisfy NEPA and permittingrequirements; reg compliance; consultation.

Northwest Fluid Systems Technologies6160 Tuttle Pl.Anchorage, AK 99507Phone: 907-563-5630 Fax: 907-563-4721

Brenton Burbank, Dir. AK Ops

[email protected]/Nwus.aspx

1965 8 Instrumentation and fluid system components. Authorized Swagelok Distributor forAlaska.

Northwest Technical Services4401 Business Park Blvd., Bldg. N-26Anchorage, AK 99503Phone: 907-562-1633 Fax: 907-562-5875

Mary E. Shields, Gen. Mgr.

[email protected]/nwts.php

1980 60 "Connecting the right people to the right jobs" for Alaska businesses.

Nu Flow AK1301 E. 71st Ave.Anchorage, AK 99518Phone: 907-677-2144 Fax: 907-677-2566

Joe Jaime, Pres.

nuflowak.com

1987 10 Nu Flow installs blown-in epoxy coatings & pull-in-place structural liners to failing smalldiameter pipe systems & rehabilitates several types of potable, drain & mechanical pipesystems in residential or commercial buildings. Our patented & unique green repipealternatives tech. saves time, hassle and money v. traditional pipe replacement.



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AKEmpls. Services

Offshore Systems Inc. (Anchorage)2410 E. 88th Ave.Anchorage , AK 99507Phone: 800-733-6434 Fax: 907-646-1430

Jared Davis, Dir. AK Ops

offshoresystemsinc.com

1983 150 Dock facilities in Niksiki, Dutch Harbor, and Adak servicing the oil and fishing industries.Services include dock space, warehousing, cold storage, stevedoring services, heavyequipment, and fuel.

Offshore Systems Inc. (Dutch Harbor)PO Box 920427Dutch Harbor , AK 99692Phone: 907-581-1827 Fax: 907-581-1630



1982 60 Since 1983, Offshore Systems, Inc. (OSI) has been the premiere fuel and dock facility inWestern Alaska. 1,500 linear feet of dock space, around-the-clock stevedoring services,secure, dry warehousing and cold storage, and material handling equipment.

Offshore Systems Kenai (Nikiski)PO Box 8505Nikiski, AK 99635Phone: 907-776-5551 Fax: 907-776-8836



1982 32 Vessel support services to Cook Inlet Oil and Gas companies, full service dock facility,fuel, storage and material handling services.

Oil & Gas Supply Co.6160 Tuttle Pl.Anchorage, AK 99507Phone: 907-344-2512 Fax: 907-349-7433

Jackie Brunton, Pres.

[email protected]

1995 10 Premier Aeroquip hydraulic distributor. Fabricator of industrial and hydraulic hoseassemblies. Sales and repair of hydraulic motors,pumps,valves and cylinders. StockingSwagelok stainless tube, fittings and valves in Kenai warehouse.

Olgoonik Oilfield Services3201 C St., Suite 700Anchorage, AK 99503Phone: 907-868-5112 Fax: 907-562-8751

Kevin Hand, President

[email protected]

2009 31 Exploration and Production Infrastructure; Marine, Air and Land Logistics; EnvironmentalScience Studies; Camp and Facilities Operations; Heavy Equipment Operations;Downhole Tools; Drill Rig Consulting Services; HSE Personnel Placement; RemoteSensing Data Collection

Pacific Alaska Freightways Inc.431 E. 104th Ave.Anchorage, AK 99515Phone: 907-336-2567 Fax: 907-336-1567

Ed Fitzgerald, CEO

[email protected]

1961 65 Consolidating On time deliver service Freight forwarding

Pacific Environmental Corp. (PENCO)6000 A St.Anchorage, AK 99518Phone: 907-562-5420 Fax: 907-562-5426

Brent Porter, Alaska Reg. Mgr.

[email protected]

1973 150 Pacific Environmental Corporation (PENCO) specializes in land and marine spillresponse, environmental cleanup and remediation, and marine vessel remediation.PENCO's array of environmental services includes supplying teams of highly skilled spillresponse technicians for emergency response.

Paramount Supply Company7928 King St.Anchorage, AK 99518Phone: 907-349-0280 Fax: 907-349-0281

Jay Goold, Branch Mgr.

[email protected]

1982 5 Paramount Supply Company is an industrial wholesaler, founded in 1954 by JohnHagen. Paramount quickly built its reputation with quality products and exceptionalservice. That tradition which literally began out of the trunk of the founders car, continuestoday. Now serving SE Alaska from Ketchikan.

2410 E. 88th Avenue • Anchorage, AK 99507 • (907) 646-4680

Visit www.offshoresystemsinc.com/support

• Warehouse• Staging• Cold Storage• Fuel Distribution• PSV, OSV, LC and RV Operations• C• Crane Services• Heavy & Light Equipment

Terminal and logistical support from Adak, Dutch Harbor and Nikiski We’re there when you need us.

We supportAlaska’sOil and GasIndustry



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AKEmpls. Services

Peak Oilfield Service Co. LLC2525 C St., Suite 201Anchorage, AK 99503Phone: 907-263-7000 Fax: 907-263-7070

Mike O'Connor, Pres.

[email protected]

1987 800 Oilfield contracting services.

Petro Marine Services3201 C St., Suite 302Anchorage, AK 99503Phone: 907-562-5000 Fax: 907-273-8242

Kurt Lindsey, CEO

[email protected]

1959 177 Serving the unique petroleum needs of a broad range of Alaskan industries, includingfishing, home fuel sales, power generation, tourism, timber, transportation, construction,mining, and retail gasoline.

Petrotechnical Resources of Alaska LLC3601 C St., Suite 1424Anchorage, AK 99503Phone: 907-272-1232 Fax: 907-272-1344

Tom Walsh, Managing Partner

[email protected]

1997 85 Alaska's oil and gas consultants specializing in geoscience, engineering, projectmanagement, seismic and well data.

PistenBully / Kassbohrer ATV18460 SW 126th Pl.Tualatin, OR 97062Phone: 503-783-1935 Fax: 503-783-1936

Dennis McGiboney, VP Sales/Mktng.

[email protected]

1969 4 Kassbohrer All Terrain Vehicles, Inc. / PistenBully tracked utility vehicles. Up to 490horsepower. Ice road construction, snow removal, transport equipment, pull heavy sleds,personnel cabins, special use.

PND Engineers Inc.1506 W. 36th Ave.Anchorage, AK 99503Phone: 907-561-1011 Fax: 907-563-4220

John Pickering, Pres.

pndengineers.com

1979 88 General civil, structural, geotechnical, arctic, marine, and coastal engineering; survey;permitting; hydrology; metocean; quality assurance; inspection; among others.

Price Gregory International301 W. Northern Lights Blvd., Suite 300Anchorage, AK 99503Phone: 907-278-4400 Fax: 907-278-3255

Robert Stinson, Sr. VP

pricegregory.com

1974 200 Pipeline, power, heavy industrial construction, EPC and consulting services.Infrastructure construction services provider.

Professional Business Services Inc.807 G St., Suite 200Anchorage, AK 99501Phone: 907-279-2679 Fax: 907-276-5758

Joan Stolle, Pres.

[email protected]

1978 50 Providing personnel for professional, technical, and administrative positions for oil andgas industry clients. Staffing services include temporary, temp-to-hire, and regularplacement.

Puget Sound Pipe & Supply Co.2120 Spar Ave.Anchorage, AK 99501Phone: 907-277-7473 Fax: 907-277-9656

Scott English, Alaska Div. Mgr.

[email protected]

1984 34 Alaska's largest supplier of pipe, valves and fittings to Alaska oilfields. Two locations inAlaska: Anchorage and Kenai.



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AKEmpls. Services

Quality Equipment Sales & Services11801 S. Gambell St.Anchorage, AK 99515Phone: 907-349-6215 Fax: 907-349-2332

Ray Belanger, Pres.

[email protected]

1982 8 Truck Upfitter, Construction Equipment, Vehicle Mainenance, Highway MaintenanceEquipment.

Schlumberger Oilfield Services2525 Gambell St., Suite 400Anchorage, AK 99503Phone: 907-273-1700 Fax: 907-561-8317

Christine Resler, GeoMarket Manager

schlumberger.com

1956 900 Oilfield Services.

Security Aviation6121 S. Airpark Pl.Anchorage, AK 99502Phone: 907-248-2677 Fax: 907-248-6911

Stephen "Joe" Kapper, Pres.

[email protected]

1985 25 24/7 on-demand air charter. Approved carrier for State and Federal Agencies. Executivetravel, crew changes, and "HOT" cargo.

Seekins Ford Lincoln Inc.1625 Seekins Ford Dr.Fairbanks, AK 99701Phone: 907-459-4000 Fax: 907-459-4057

Ralph Seekins, Pres.

[email protected]

1977 115 Automotive Services.

Shoreside Petroleum Inc.6401 Lake Otis Pkwy.Anchorage, AK 99507Phone: 907-344-4571 Fax: 907-349-9814

Kurt Lindsey, Pres.

[email protected]

1981 105 Shoreside Petroleum is an Alaskan owned fuel and lubricants distributor marketing fuels,lubricants, and other petroleum related products in Southcentral Alaska & PWS withterminals in Anchorage, Wasilla, Cordova, Whittier and Seward. Shoreside also owns &operates the ÔEssential 1Õ brand.

Siemens Industry Inc.5333 Fairbanks St., Unit BAnchorage, AK 99518Phone: 907-563-2242 Fax: 907-563-6139

Leverette Hoover, Gen. Mgr. AK

[email protected]

1982 100 Energy Services Company (ESCO)/Total Building Integrator: to include BuildingAutomation/Energy Management control systems, fire alarm, HVAC mechanicalsystems, security (card access, CCTV, intrusion, etc.), audio and video solutions andmass notification systems.

SLR International Corporation2700 Gambell St., Suite 200Anchorage, AK 99503Phone: 907-222-1112 Fax: 907-222-1113

Brian G. Hoefler, AK Mgr.

[email protected]

2000 81 Air permitting and measurements, acoustics, project permitting, environmentalcompliance, site investigation, remediation, risk assessment and oil spill contingencyplanning

Span Alaska Transportation Inc.PO Box 878Auburn, WA 98071Phone: 253-395-7726 Fax: 253-395-7986

Mike Landry, CEO

[email protected]

1978 60 Freight transportation services to and from Alaska, less-than-truckload and truckload.Steamship and barge service to Railbelt area of Alaska. Barge service to Juneau andSoutheast Alaska. Overnight service from Anchorage to Fairbanks and the KenaiPeninsula.



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Spill Shield Inc.2000 W. International Airport Rd, #D-2Anchorage, AK 99502Phone: 907-561-6033 Fax: 907-561-4504

Ken Bauer, Ops & Sales Mgr.

[email protected]

1992 4 Supplier for Smart Ash, Oil Away, Drug Terminator and MediBurn incinerators.Absorbents, water scrubbers, oil spill response kits, Super Sacks, harbor boom,MicroBlaze, and related oil spill cleanup and prevention products.

Steigers Corporation791 South Park Dr., Ste. 800Littleton, CO 80120-5719Phone: 800-935-6569 Fax: 303-500-3113

William D. Steigers, Chairman/CEO

[email protected]

2004 1 Steigers Corporation is a full-service environmental consulting firm providing a widerange of services for industrial projects. We specialize in project development and inmanaging complex environmental and permitting programs.

StormGeo5631 Silverado WayAnchorage, AK 99518Phone: 907-782-4396 Fax: 907-782-4396

Joe Stacey, Vice President

stormgeo.com

1997 4 Weather forecasting, alerting, and site-specific monitoring for onshore and offshoreassets.

Superior Machine & Welding Inc.1745 Ship Ave.Anchorage, AK 99501Phone: 907-278-3944 Fax: 907-277-4999

Jantina Lunsford, Pres.

[email protected]

1950 10 Full service machining shop and oilfield servicing company.

Surveyors Exchange Co.3630 Springer St.Anchorage, AK 99503Phone: 907-561-6501 Fax: 907-561-6525

David Larry Wilmarth, Owner

[email protected]

1969 15 Satellite phone and two-way radio specialists, auto-desk software, surveyinginstruments, sales, rentals and service.

Swagelok Northwest (US)6160 Tuttle Place, Suite AAnchorage, AK 99507Phone: 907-563-5630 Fax: 503-288-7919

Mike Butkovic, President

[email protected]/nwus

2003 8 We are a high-end fluid system products and solutions provider. We offer energymanagement, industrial products and services, fluid system assemblies, training andrentals.

Swift Worldwide Resources3111 Denali St., Suite 102Anchorage, AK 99503Phone: 907-222-4100 Fax: 907-222-4101

Heather Day, Regional Mgr.

SwiftWWR.com/Alaska

2009 167 We specialize in providing manpower for the global oil & gas industry. For more than 30years, our proven process has matched qualified candidates with many of the world'slargest oil & gas companies, including major & independent operators, oil & gas servicecompanies, and EPC companies.

Taiga Ventures2700 S. Cushman St.Fairbanks, AK 99701Phone: 907-452-6631 Fax: 907-451-8632

Mike Tolbert, Pres.

[email protected]

1979 20 Taiga Ventures provides remote camps and logistics services (expediting, resupply,catering, fuel systems, vehicle & equip. rentals) for exploration, drilling, mining, clean-up& disaster relief projects Statewide. Drill mud, PVC well pipe & supplies in stock. InAnchorage @ 351 92nd Ave, 245-3123

Alaska’s Source Alaska’s Source Alaska’s Source Alaska’s Source Alaska’s Source Alaska’s Source for 2D Plotters for 2D Plotters for 2D Plotters & 3D Printers& 3D Printers& 3D Printers

907 E. Dowling Rd., Suite 30Anchorage, AK 99518

• Architectural Modeling• Architectural Modeling• GIS Land Printing• Product Protyping

Email: [email protected]

(907) 563-7060



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Tanks-A-Lot Inc.PO Box 1036Kenai, AK 99611Phone: 907-283-0580 Fax: 985-385-1950

A.J. CANNATA, Pres./CEO

[email protected]

2008 1 Tanks-A-Lot subscribes to a standard-BS 12079, which insures customers get highquality, well maintained lifting gear and containers which undergo periodic inspection.This is what makes us world class. DOT tanks, cutting & freight boxes, cargo baskets,storage containers, drum & pallet racks.

Taylor Fire Protection Services LLC725 W. Wasair Dr. #1aWasilla, AK 99654Phone: 907-373-1760 Fax: 907-373-5760

Rick R Taylor, President

[email protected]

2002 17 Taylor Fire Protection Services is a full service fire protection contractor. We supply,maintain, and inspects all facets of fire protection systems and equipment including Firealarm, Sprinkler, Clean Agent suppression, Kitchen Hood suppression, FireExtinguishers, and backflow prevention.

Tesoro Alaska Co.1601 TidewaterAnchorage, AK 99501Phone: 907-261-7221 Fax: 866-421-8306

James Tangaro, VP

tsocorp.com

1969 550 Located on the Cook Inlet, 60 miles southwest of Anchorage, the 72,000 (bpd) KenaiRefinery has been producing gasoline and gasoline blendstocks, jet fuel, diesel fuel,heating oil and heavy fuel oils, propane and asphalt since 1969.

TrailerCraft | Freightliner of Alaska1301 E. 64th Ave.Anchorage, AK 99518-1908Phone: 907-563-3238 Fax: 907-561-4995

Lee McKenzie, Pres./Owner

[email protected]

1969 45 Parts, sales and service for trucks, tractors, trailers, transport equipment, snow plowsand sanders.

TTT Environmental Instruments & Supplies4201 B St.Anchorage, AK 99503Phone: 907-770-9041 Fax: 907-770-9046

Deborah Tompkins, Owner

[email protected]

2003 10 Portable gas detection, health and safety monitoring, environmental equipment. Rentals,sales, service and supplies. Warranty center. Alaskan owned small business.

Tutka LLC (Anchorage)620 E. Whitney Rd., Suite BAnchorage, AK 99501Phone: 907-272-8010 Fax: 907-272-9005

Amie Sommer, Member

[email protected]

1999 40 WBE/DBE (SOA), EDWOSB/WOSB, HUBZone, CCR/ORCA registered. GeneralContractor, heavy civil construction, environmental cleanup and consulting, oil waterseparator maintenance, cleaning & repair.

Tutka LLC (Wasilla)5825 E. Mayflower Ct., Suite BWasilla, AK 99654Phone: 907-357-2238 Fax: 907-357-2215

Amie Sommer, Member

[email protected]

1999 40 WBE/DBE (SOA), EDWOSB/WOSB, HUBZone, SAM/ORCA registered. GeneralContractor, heavy civil construction, environmental cleanup and consulting, oil waterseparator maintenance, cleaning & repair.

Udelhoven Oilfield System Service184 E. 53rd Ave.Anchorage, AK 99518-1222Phone: 907-344-1577 Fax: 907-344-5817

Jim Udelhoven, CEO

[email protected]

1970 679 Oilfield Services, Construction Management, Electrical & Mechanical Construction



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UMIAQ6700 Arctic Spur Rd.Anchorage, AK 99518Phone: 907-677-8220 Fax: 907-677-8286

Richard S. Reich, P.E. , Gen. Mgr.

[email protected]

1982 200 UMIAQ is a member of the Ukpeagvik Inupiat Corporation (UIC) family of companies.UMIAQ services include resource development, design, architecture, engineering,regulatory planning, stakeholder relations, surveying, logistics, onshore/offshore spillresponse, Arctic science support, etc.

Unitech of Alaska7600 King St.Anchorage, AK 99518Phone: 907-349-5142 Fax: 907-349-2733

Karl "Curly" Arndt, Sales

[email protected]

1985 6 Unitech of Alaska offers a wide range of environmental supplies, with extensiveexperience in oil spill response world-wide, a knowledgeable staff, prompt service andextensive product lines.

URS700 G St., Suite 500Anchorage, AK 99501Phone: 907-562-3366 Fax: 907-562-1297

Joe Hegna, Alaska OperationManager, Vice President

urscorp.com/

1904 175 URS Alaska is a team of over 175 engineers, scientists, planners, and support stafflocated primarily in offices in Anchorage and Fairbanks. URS provides Òarctic-smartÓengineering & environmental services for the complete project life-cycle from permitting& design through production & closure.

Vigor Alaska3801 Tongass Ave.Ketchikan, AK 99901Phone: 907-228-5302 Fax: 907-247-7200

Adam Beck, President

[email protected]

1994 161 We are the largest most capable marine industrial service company in the AK/PNWRegion focused on shipbuilding and repair. Alaska operations are concentrated inAIDEAÕs Ketchikan Shipyard. Our mobile and multi-skilled workforce travels throughoutAlaska to heavy industrial and offshore projects.

Washington Crane & Hoist651 E. 100th Ave., Unit BAnchorage, AK 99515Phone: 907-336-6661 Fax: 907-336-6667

Mike Currie, VP

[email protected]

1975 7 Crane builders, crane design, new crane sales, new hoist sales, lifting equipment designand sales. Material handling solutions for industry, hoists, job cranes, work stations,chain falls, lever hoists, crane upgrades, crane maintenance, crane inspection, cranerepair, hoist repair and crane parts.

Waste Management of Alaska Inc.1519 Ship Ave.Anchorage, AK 99501Phone: 855-973-3949 Fax: 866-491-2008

Mike Holzschuh, Territory Mgr./N.Am.

[email protected]

1969 3 Hazardous and nonhazardous waste disposal, project management, complete logisticaloversight, complete U.S. and Canadian manifesting, rail transportation, over-the-roadtransportation, marine transportation and turnkey remedial services.

West-Mark Fairbanks Service Center3050 Van Horn Rd.Fairbanks, AK 99709Phone: 907-451-8265 Fax: 907-451-8273

Grant Smith, CEO

[email protected]

2009 15 Liquid transportation tank trailer repair.

Yukon Equipment, Inc.2020 E. Third Ave.Anchorage, AK 99501Phone: 800-478-1541 Fax: 907-258-0169

Roy J. Rank, President

[email protected]

1945 45 Sales, service, parts, rental and lease equipment, including Case, Trail King, Elgin,Vactor, Oshkosh, Etnyre, Monroe, Trackless, Snow Dragon. Anchorage, Fairbanks andWasilla locations. A subsidiary of Calista Corp.

907.278.1877

INSIDE ALASKA BUSINESS� Compiled by Alaska Business Monthly Staff


BSNC

Bering Straits Native Corporation formed an Arctic Development Com-

mittee that will provide guidance on re-sponsible Arctic development and other matters related to the increase in mari-time activities through the Bering Strait. � e committee will focus on the creation of economic development opportunities for the region, as well as advocate for en-vironmental, food, and energy security.

� e Arctic Development Committee will discuss and make recommendations on development and other matters related to the increase in maritime activities through the Bering Strait, including but not limited to subsistence hunting and fi shing eff orts in the region, economic development op-portunities that relate to expanding ma-rine traffi c, port and infrastructure devel-opment, and community safety.

UAF

The Board of Regents for the Univer-sity of Alaska offi cially created the

University of Alaska Fairbanks School of Natural Resources and Extension. � e new unit merges the UAF School of Natural Resources and Agricultural Sciences and the Cooperative Extension Service. � e regents’ action comes af-ter months of planning by UAF, which announced the proposed change in July 2013. � e goal of the merger is to strengthen the research, teaching, and outreach missions of both units.

� e UAF School of Natural Resources and Extension awards bachelor’s, mas-ter’s, and doctoral degrees. Faculty and students conduct research in natural resources management, forest sciences, agriculture, and geography, while Exten-

sion agents provide practical outreach in the areas of agriculture, natural resourc-es, economic development, energy, food safety and food preservation, health, families, and youth development.

First�National�Bank�Alaska

A branch of Alaska’s largest locally owned bank will open in a new

building on the corner of Providence Drive and Piper Street in the U-Med dis-trict of Anchorage in late 2014. � e 31st branch of First National will be a two-story building off ering the convenience of three drive-up lanes, including a drive-up ATM and night drop. A staff of lending and deposit experts will focus on meeting the banking needs of Alas-kans living and working in the area.

� e bank will occupy a 6,300-square-foot unit of the new building developed by Pfeff er Development, LLC, a multidisci-plinary commercial real estate developer based in Anchorage. Criterion General, Inc. is the design-builder, and kpb archi-tects is the design fi rm for the project.

CVRF

Coastal Villages Region Fund (CVRF) recently promoted its on-

call Community Service Representa-tives (CSR) to part-time employees, guaranteeing at least twenty hours of work a week. � ese part-time positions are adding at least $415,000 in salaries in CVRF’s member villages each year.

CVRF now has twenty-two full-time and twenty-three part-time CSRs su-pervised by four Community Service Managers to provide direct services and represent CVRF locally. In a region faced with the highest unemployment and

poverty rates in the nation and a high cost of living, CVRF is providing mean-ingful year-round and seasonal jobs in numbers second only to the Govern-ment—according to the State of Alaska’s Economic Trends October 2013 edition.

Alaska�Pacifi�c�Bancshares,�Inc.�

Shareholders approved the proposed merger of Alaska Pacifi c Bancshares,

Inc., the parent company of Alaska Pacif-ic Bank, with Northrim BanCorp, Inc. in March. In addition, Alaska Pacifi c Banc-shares shareholders also approved, on an advisory basis, the compensation of cer-tain executive offi cers of the company in connection with the merger. Completion of the transaction remains subject to the satisfaction of the remaining closing con-ditions contained in the merger agree-ment and regulatory approval.

Granite�Construction

Granite Construction, Inc. has been awarded a $36 million road and

bridge project by the Alaska Depart-ment of Transportation. Granite ex-pects to book the project into backlog during the fi rst quarter of 2014.

� is multiphase infrastructure im-provement project includes creating a new East-West corridor by extending Dowling Road within the Anchorage city limits as well as construction of a new bridge over the Alaska Railroad lines and Arctic Av-enue. Scope of the work also includes soil stabilization improvements, retaining walls, 800,000 tons of imported gravel borrow, 230,000 cubic yards of excavation, utility improvements, two new signalized

620B East Whitney Road I Anchorage, AK 99501

Pacific Pile & Marine has a robust fleet of Pacific Pile & Marine has a robust fleet of marine equipment including our recentmarine equipment including our recent

addition of a 600-Ton 4600 Ringer.addition of a 600-Ton 4600 Ringer.

From critical lifts to platform support, PPM is From critical lifts to platform support, PPM is sufficiently resourced to deliver a wide range sufficiently resourced to deliver a wide range

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intersections, multi-use pathways, and landscaping amenities. Construction is es-timated to be complete by November 2015.

ABIP

Alaska Business and Insurance Pro-fessionals (ABIP) is a newly formed

Alaska corporation with a mission state-ment to assist Alaska business owners in managing their businesses eff ectively. � e principal ally in this venture is Har-bor America Specialty Brokerage LLC (HASB). Michael Hanuschak, president of HASB, is a Cover Holder at Lloyds of Lon-don and has more than forty-fi ve years of insurance experience. Brandon Chenault, President of ABIP, was born and raised in Alaska and takes pride in the corporate motto of “Alaskans Serving Alaskans.”

ABIP works with clients to review ex-isting coverage, for adequacy of current coverage, as well as any recommenda-tions for additional coverage required for full protection. Additionally, ABIP use the professional employer organization business model to streamline operations. � ese services include payroll, tax depos-its/state and federal reporting, employ-ment practices liability insurance, life in-surance, counseling, and guidance on HR issues, as well as options to include work-ers compensation insurance coverage.

Nordstrom�

Seattle-based Nordstrom, Inc. will be opening a Nordstrom Rack at � e

Mall at Sears in Anchorage. � e approxi-mately thirty-fi ve thousand-square-foot store is scheduled to open in fall 2015 in what is currently the north end of the ex-isting Sears store. Sears will continue to serve as a primary mall anchor and will

undergo a complete interior remodel, new storefront, and upgrade to its exist-ing façade as a part of the comprehensive strategic plan for the property.

Nordstrom Rack is the off -price retail division of Nordstrom, Inc., off ering cus-tomers a wide selection of on-trend ap-parel, accessories and shoes at an everyday savings of 30 to 70 percent off regular pric-es. � e Rack carries merchandise from Nordstrom stores and Nordstrom.com, as well as specially-purchased items from many of the top brands sold at Nordstrom.

Florcraft�Carpet�One

Florcra ̈ Carpet One has been ac-quired by Patrice Case of Fairbanks

and Evan Hall and Aaron Lautaret of An-chorage, partners in BHAG LLC. With locations in Fairbanks and Anchorage, Florcra ̈ has been an Alaska-owned family business since it was established in Fairbanks in 1962. In 1992, Florcra ̈ became a member of the Carpet One Co-Op, a partnership with over one thou-sand family-owned stores nationwide.

Patrice Case has served as Florcra ̈’s president for the past eight years. Case’s father, the late Robert Hanson, and his partner, Richard Wien, were the most recent owners of the company. Evan Hall has served as Florcra ̈’s vice president and Anchorage store manager since 2011. Aaron Lautaret has been a long-time Flo-rcra ̈ customer throughout his twenty years in the construction and commer-cial property management industries.

KABATA

State administration offi cials unveiled the updated fi nancial plan for the

Knik Arm Crossing project. Changes

were made to the plan when the state pursued a move from a P3 to a publically fi nanced project. Financing includes one-third from bonds, one-third from National Highway System funds, and one-third from the federal TIFIA loan program. � e Knik Arm Crossing Project is a National Highway System route, and federal funds for these routes are avail-able to the state through the Statewide Transportation Improvement Program.

� e new construction estimate is $782 million, or about $76 million above the last fi nancial estimate developed in 2010. � e Offi ce of Budget and Management, in co-operation with KABATA, the Alaska De-partment of Transportation, and the De-partment of Revenue, developed an $894 million contingency budget for the fi nan-cial plan, which includes the $782 million to construct the bridge. � e contingency budget represents the cost of construction, infl ation, overruns, and change orders.

Amphib-Alaska

Amphib-Alaska announces its new Mark V Landing Cra ̈. � e unique

vessel is designed to tackle transporta-tion across a wide variety of surfaces, from hard land to snow, tundra, ice, riv-ers, lakes, and the sea. Dimensions are thirty-three feet in length and eleven feet in width. � e unit is equipped with twin fi ve hundred horsepower, eighteen-foot North American T 431 H Tractor Jets, and a three hundred kilowatt generator. � e tracks are hydraulically li ̈ed clear out of the water. It will travel up to a thir-ty degree slope, and is engineered to drive thirty miles per hour on water and land.

Amphib-Alaska is an Alaska-based manufacturer of vessels designed to tackle both land and marine transporta-

620B East Whitney Road I Anchorage, AK 99501

Pacific Pile & Marine has a robust fleet of Pacific Pile & Marine has a robust fleet of marine equipment including our recentmarine equipment including our recent

addition of a 600-Ton 4600 Ringer.addition of a 600-Ton 4600 Ringer.

From critical lifts to platform support, PPM is From critical lifts to platform support, PPM is sufficiently resourced to deliver a wide range sufficiently resourced to deliver a wide range

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tion in rugged environments. Amphib-Alaska unites owner Stan Hewitt’s me-chanical virtuosity and his knowledge of the challenges posed by untamed backcountry. His uniquely versatile ve-hicle is designed to conquer any course.

SEARHC

The SouthEast Alaska Regional Health Consortium (SEARHC) announced

that SEARHC patients that require radia-tion as part of their cancer treatment will be able to remain close to home. � rough a partnership with Southeast Radiation Oncology Center in Juneau, patients will no longer need to travel as far as Anchor-age or Seattle to receive radiation, mak-ing treatment more convenient, more comfortable, and more cost eff ective.

While it is diffi cult to eliminate pa-tients’ feelings surrounding a cancer diagnosis and some patients will still have to travel for treatment, being closer creates more opportunities for a con-nection to home, friends, and family. � ose things may relieve some of their anxiety and will go a long way toward the ability to focus on taking care of one’s self during treatment. SEARHC is grateful for the ability to off er patients such excellent care so close to home and looks forward to a long partnership with Southeast Radiation Oncology Center.

Alaska�Dispatch�

Alaska Dispatch Publishing LLC, the owner and publisher of Alaska Dis-

patch, has reached an agreement to pur-chase the Anchorage Daily News from � e McClatchy Company.

Founded in 2008, Alaska Dispatch is an award-winning site at the forefront

of the national movement toward in-dependent online news. Alice Rogoff , a longtime supporter of journalism and a former chief fi nancial offi cer of US News and World Report, became the majority owner of Alaska Dispatch LLC in 2009. Since then, the operation has employed writers, editors, and a full-time sales staff . Rogoff is the publisher and chief ex-ecutive while co-founder Tony Hopfi nger is the executive editor and president.

� e Anchorage Daily News, the largest newspaper in Alaska, has a long history of distinguished journalism, winning two Pulitzer Prizes for public service in 1976 and 1989.

� e purchase price is $34 million, payable at closing, which is anticipated to occur in May. � e transaction covers the Anchorage Daily News, their website adn.com, and the newspaper’s real prop-erty and operations in Anchorage. A ̈er the purchase is completed, the real estate assets of the Anchorage Daily News will be sold by Alaska Dispatch to a private local buyer. � e Anchorage Daily News will continue operations as a tenant from its East Anchorage location.

ANSEP

The Alaska Native Science & Engineer-ing Program (ANSEP) has received

two large donations which will help the program achieve its goal of increasing the number of Alaska Natives who are pre-pared for and inspired to pursue a career path to leadership in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics fi elds. Both ExxonMobil Alaska and Udelhoven Oil-fi eld System Services donated $200,000.

� ere are now more than more than 1,250 students, including middle school students, high school students, univer-

sity students, and alumni, all engaged in ANSEP. � e students come from more than ninety-fi ve diff erent Alaska communities. At its current rate, there will be more than four thousand ANSEP students on track for science and engi-neering degrees by the year 2020.

� e $400,000 donated by ExxonMo-bil Alaska and Udelhoven will be used to enable the successful continuation and growth of the program’s multiple components from middle school to col-lege and even at the graduate level.

Alaska�Zoo

The Alaska Zoo plans to expand its Polar Bear Exhibit. � e project will

create a premier habitat for polar bears to advance the scientifi c and behavioral knowledge of this species in Alaska. � e $8 million Polar Bear Project will be built in two phases. Phase I is devoted to the Polar Bear Transition Center, a dedicated facility to care for polar bear cubs coming from the North Slope. Phase II focuses on the expanded natural substrate (yard) and water feature with an elevated public view-ing area. � e project is being designed by the Portico Group, an award winning ar-chitectural fi rm located in Seattle. Watter-son Construction of Anchorage will be the general contractor on the project.

� e new facility will increase the Alaska Zoo’s capacity to care for polar bear cubs. For thirty-six years, the Alaska Zoo has cared for the polar bear cubs the US Fish & Wildlife Service has deemed needing rescue. Last year, the US Fish & Wildlife Service issued the Alaska Zoo a fi ve year letter of authorization to serve as a stand-by facility for North Slope polar bear cubs in need of rescue—the only facility in the country to have this permit in place.

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• General Contracting• Marine Infrastructure• Design Build

Alaska Business MonthlyRuss Slaten joins the Alaska Business Monthly team as the Associate Editor. As a well-traveled, born and raised Alaskan, he brings a perspective necessary in fulfilling the magazine’s goal of promoting business in the state by covering trends and issues that af fect Alaska business. Slaten has more than seven years of professional communications experience, with a diverse background in broadcast radio and television, marketing, and print journalism. Slaten is a graduate of the University of Alaska Anchorage, Journalism and Public Communications program. With a knack for research, editing, and storytelling, he will be a great fit for Alaska Business Monthly.

CarlileCarlile Transportation Systems, Inc. has named Todd Allen as its new Vice President of Human Resources. Allen is a seasoned professional with more than fifteen years of leadership experience providing human resource solutions and expertise to organizations in diverse indus-tries. He has been involved with strategic restructuring, HR process transformation, and re-engineering of organi-zations. Allen has an undergraduate degree in Employee and Labor Relations from Southern Illinois University-Edwardsville. He holds a lifetime Senior Professional in Human Resources certification with the Society for Human Resource Management and is a certified com-pensation professional with World at Work.

Denali Alaskan Home Loans Ever Alquiza- Cordero joins Denali Alaskan Home Loans as a Loan Originator. Alquiza- Cordero joins a team of seven experi-enced loan originators located in Anchorage and the Mat-Su Valley and will be working at the main D e n a li A la ska n H o m e Loans office in Anchorage. Alquiza-Cordero has more than seventeen years in the financial industry. Prior to joining the Denali Alaskan Home Loans team, Alquiza-Cordero worked for Wells Fargo Home Mortgage.

Alquiza-Cordero specializes in assisting home buyers in the entire mortgage process, from application to closing.

Alaska Department of CommerceLori Wing-Heier joins the Department of Commerce, Community, and Economic Development as the newly appointed Director of the Division of Insurance. Wing-Heier will oversee the Division’s mission to regulate the insurance industry and to protect Alaskan consumers. A certified Insurance Counselor and Certified Risk Manager, Wing-Heier’s experience spans the broker, carrier, and consumer side of the insurance industry.

WHPacific, Inc.

WHPacific, Inc. adds James “Jim” Oliver, RG as Vice President of Water and Environment, who will lead this new department for the firm. Oliver will focus on furthering the strong reputation that WHPacific has developed within the municipal and public sectors and broaden capabilities in the energy market, particularly those in the oil and gas and mining sectors.

Additionally, Corinne Cogger joins WHPacific, Inc. as an Environmental Technician in the company’s Anchorage office. Cogger graduated from Humboldt State University in 2009 with a Bachelor of Arts in Geography. Cogger will be conducting site character-izations for WHPacific in Kotzebue.

Harbor Enterprises, Inc. Harbor Enterprises, Inc. announces Kurt R. Lindsey as its new President and CEO. Harbor operates under the trade names of Petro Marine Services, A la s k a O il S a l e s , a n d N o r t h 6 0 P e t r o . T h e company market s an d dis trib ute s p etrole um products in Southeast and

Southcentral Alaska along with the Yukon Territory of Canada. Kurt takes the reins of the fifty-five-year-old Alaskan owned family business from his mother, Carol Lindsey, who became CEO after her husband Dale Lindsey’s passing in 2007. Kurt also owns Shoreside Petroleum, Inc., which has been in business since 1981.

Design Alaska

Architectural and engineering firm Design Alaska announces organizational changes within the company.

Chris Miller was appointed to President and Principal in Charge of Professional Services. Miller has worked for Design Alaska since 1996 and most recently held the position of Chief Mechanical Engineer. Miller is a licensed Mechanical Engineer, Fire Protection Engineer, and Control Systems Engineer and also holds certificates as a LEED AP and Commissioning Agent.

Jeff Putnam was appointed to Vice President and Principal in Charge of Business Development and Operations. Putnam is a licensed Civil Engineer and Project Management Professional. Putnam has seventeen years of civil engineering and project man-agement experience; he joined Design Alaska in 2008 after having worked for the US Air Force as the Deputy Base Civil Engineer and Chief Engineer for Eielson AFB.

Jennifer Holmes transitions to Mechanical Engineer Department Head. Holmes is a licensed Mechanical Engineer; she received her BS in Aeronautical and Mechanical Engineering from Rensselaer Polytechnic

RIGHT MOVES� Compiled by Alaska Business Monthly Staff


SlatenSlaten

Alquiza-CorderoAlquiza-Cordero

Cogger Cogger

PutnamPutnam

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Institute in 2005. Holmes began working for Design Alaska in 2008 and has experience designing mechanical, ventilation, plumbing, utilidor, and fire protection systems.

Elizabeth Johnston was appointed to Electrical Engineering Department Head. Johnston received a Bachelor’s of Science in Electrical Engineering in 2006 and a Bachelor of Arts in Russian Studies in 2007 from the University of Alaska, Fairbanks. Johnston was selected by the Fairbanks Chapter of the Alaska Society of Professional Engineers as Young Engineer of the Year in 2013.

Office of Senator MurkowskiSenator Lisa Murkowski announces the addition of Deborah Vo to be her Rural Outreach Coordinator. In her new capacity, Vo will engage with rural Alaskans to assist them with the challenges facing them from a federal perspective a n d a d v i s e S e n a t o r Murkowski’s policy team in Washington, DC. She grad-uated from Elms College in Chicopee, Massachusetts, and then received her MBA from Alaska Pacific University. She has over a decade of experience working for CDQ groups in the Lower Yukon and Kuskokwim and statewide experience with Alaska Inter-Tribal Council and the Alaska Native Health Board. Most recently, Vo managed rural projects for the Alaska Energy Authority.

Stoel Rives LLPSto el Rive s LLP, a US b u s i n e s s l a w f i r m , i s pleased to announce that Kevin M. Cuddy has joined its Anchorage office as Of Counsel in the Litigation Group. Cuddy brings expe-rience before state and federal courts in a wide array of general commercial liti-gation matters, ranging from breach of contract and tort claims to environmental and oil and gas matters to complex insurance disputes. Before joining Stoel Rives, Cuddy was with Feldman Orlansky & Sanders in Anchorage and Ropes & Gray LLP in Boston. He is a graduate of Duke University School of Law and Bowdoin College.

KeyBankSathurin Ouannou has joined KeyBank in Alaska as Branch Manager of the Fairbanks East College Key Center branch. In his new role, he is responsible for day-to-day operations as well as providing financial services, including invest-ments and mortgages, to both small business and con-sumer clients. He brings to Key more than thirteen years of experience in financial ser-vices. Ouannou is a graduate of Northeastern University in Boston, Massachusetts. He and his wife, a captain in the United States Army, are the parents of two sons.

Moffatt & NicholMoffatt & Nichol is pleased to announce that Paul Wallis, PE, SE, MLSE, has joined its Anchorage office as a Senior Struc tural Engineer. With over sixteen years of experience with structural design and the analysis of new and existing building and non-building systems, he is well versed in high-seismic and high-wind design and analysis and Arctic, sub-Arctic, and Antarctic project engineering. A registered Professional Engineer and Structural Engineer, Wallis received his Bachelor of Science in Civil Engineering from the University of Alaska Fairbanks.

SIKU ConstructionRob Sorensen has joined SIKU Construction, LLC as Superintendent for the Facility Services Group in the Pacific Northwest of f ice . S IKU ’s Fa cilit y Services Group provides cost savings and added value to a wide range of clients by using proven facilities technology and implementing best prac-tices. Sorensen has more than twenty years construction and facilities experience, most recently with Jody Miller Construction of Tacoma, Washington.

R&M Engineers, Inc.M a rk Pu sich , PE , was recognized by his peers as the 2013 Outstanding Engineer of the Year for the Juneau branch of the American Society of Civil Engineers at the annual Engineers Banquet. Pusich was selected for his out-standing civil engineering achievements and dedi-cation to the profession for the past twenty-eight years within the communities of Juneau and Southeast Alaska. Pusich was also recog-nized as being active in the community through youth coaching and various volunteer groups. Pusich is a firm principal and Vice President of R&M Engineering, Inc. in Juneau.

Davis Wright Tremaine LLPJason Hartz, an experienced environmental litigator, has joined the Anchorage office of Davis Wright Tremaine LLP. Hartz comes to the firm from the US Department of the Interior, where he ser ved as an at torney for seven years, first in Washington, DC, with the Office of the Solicitor, and then in Anchorage, with the Office of the Regional Solicitor. Hartz received his BA in Political Science from Gonzaga University and his JD from the University of Oregon, School of Law.

Delta LeasingDelta Leasing has named J o s h S c h o u t e n V i c e P r e s i d e n t o f S a l e s & M a r k e t i n g . S c h o u t e n comes to Delta with nearly a decade of sales and heavy duty truck design expe-rience, as well as print and web marketing experience. Schouten will be respon-sible for overseeing all new business development, as well as refining and improving on what Delta has already built.

RIGHT MOVES� Compiled by Alaska Business Monthly Staff


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PusichPusich

Hartz Hartz

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WallisWallis

WWW.NAC.AERO • (800) 727-2141 •


Juneau’s the Historic Silverbow Inn,�which�is�also�a�restaurant�and�bakery,�features�a�new�wine�bar.�

Photo courtesy of the Historic Silverbow Inn

By Tasha Anderson

trAveL

The Historic Silverbow Inn

ALASKA THIS MONTH

“There’s something for everyone at all times of day,” Jill Ramiel says of the Historic Silverbow Inn, which isn’t surprising since the Silverbow is a boutique hotel, res-

taurant, and bakery and has a newly constructed wine-bar in the lobby. Ramiel continues, “[� ere are] fresh-baked breakfasts—featuring the most authentic New York-style bagel you’ll fi nd for four thousand miles—homemade soups and sandwiches for lunch, and happy hour at the wine bar with a small bites menu created by a Le Cordon Bleu-trained chef. And if you’re a hotel guest, you can relax in the roo ̈op hot tub looking at the stars.”

Guests would possibly be tempted, upon checking in, to never leave the hotel, if downtown Juneau and the surround-ing area were any less beautiful.

But they would at least have good company. � e owner/hosts, Ramiel and husband Ken Alper, live in the building in an apartment on the roof of the bakery, supplying on-site, extensive knowledge of Juneau and Alaska. � e couple fell in love with downtown Juneau during a summer visit.

“We bought a historical building with the idea of revitaliz-ing it. � e fact the building housed a bakery was sort of a hap-py accident,” Ramiel says, since she worked in bakeries, res-taurants, and bars while putting herself through grad school.

By 2007, the couple had refurbished every part of the build-ing except the lobby, renovating six rooms and adding fi ve more rooms and a two thousand-square-foot building to the property.

� is January the couple renovated the lobby by adding a wine bar. “So far, local feedback has been very positive,” Ramiel says. “Silverbow saw a need—in this case, a contem-porary evening hangout for grown-ups—and is fi lling that need… one wine glass at a time.”

silverbowbakery.comsilverbowinn.com 907-248-5325 www.alaskaairmuseum.org

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Juneau Maritime Festival

ALASKA THIS MONTH

“We expect over two thousand attendees and over sixty vendors and activities” at the Juneau Mari-time Festival May 10, says Brian Holst, executive

director of the Juneau Economic Development Council and member of the Festival Steering Committee. � e purpose of the festival, which began in 2010, is “to celebrate Juneau’s maritime history, culture, and commerce, drawing together a diverse community whose heritage, recreation, and liveli-hood is centered on the sea.”

Some of the highlights of the festival include food, arts, cra ̈s, and service vendors; fi let demonstrations by local experts of salmon, halibut, and rockfi sh, including a fi let contest; kids’ activities such as boat building, safety activi-ties, and a sea creature touch-tank; traditional Tlingit canoes from Douglas Island will be present, as well as a traditional welcome ceremony; marinade and smoked salmon dip con-tests; vessel tours; other contests; and a Coast Guard helicop-ter fl y-over “and maybe a water rescue!” Holst says.

New this year, on May 9, will be the fi rst Port to Starboard progressive dinner, a fundraising event that “was dreamed up by some very dedicated and resourceful individuals who did not want to see the festival scaled back due to funding concerns,” Holst says. He continues that it “promises to be an elegant dinner and exciting night of entertainment.” Tickets for both dinner and the a ̈er party—“drinks and entertain-ment upstairs at Rockwell,” Holst says—will most likely be available up to the event and can be purchased online.

“JEDC [Juneau Economic Development Council] recog-nizes that community events such as the Maritime Festival enrich the lives of our residents and help keep our town vi-brant. � e festival is planned specifi cally on a day with few cruise visitors to encourage Juneauites to get out and experi-ence their downtown,” Holst says.

juneaumaritimefestival.org

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AnCHOrAGe3 “Railroad Days” Open HouseA family favorite—train rides, railroad equipment on display, bal-loons, giveaways and gadgets, a prize drawing—all free. Anchorage Historic Depot, 11 a.m. to 3 p.m. alaskarailroad.com

3-4 Great Alaska Aviation GatheringPremier event for f lying enthusiasts and families and the state’s largest aviation tradeshow, almost 300 vendors and 70+ indoor and outdoor static aircraft displays. FedEx Maintenance Hangar on Postmark Drive. Saturday 9 a.m. to 5 p.m. and Sunday 10 a.m. to 5 p.m. greatalaskaaviationgathering.org

COrdOvA8-11 Copper River Delta Shorebird FestivalThis world-class birding event includes birding excursions, educa-tional presentations, sightseeing, and art workshop led by Lars Jonsson, renowned Swedish painter and naturalist, who is also the Festival’s keynote speaker. Various times and locations. cordovachamber.com

FAirBAnKs17 Fairbanks Aviation DayThis one-day event includes airport tours, mini-seminars, a pancake breakfast, free flights for youth ages 8-17, and a chance to take a tour “behind the scenes.” UAF Community & Technical College Aviation Hangar, 7 a.m. explorefairbanks.com

HOMer8-11 Kachemak Bay Shorebird FestivalThis four-day festival celebrates the return of migratory shorebirds and is filled with family friendly events all day. Events include a disc golf tournament, singer/songwriter Ruth Foster, a Rubber Ducky scavenger hunt, and “Brunch with Bill,” a brunch with keynote speaker Bill Thompson. Various locations and times. homeralaska.org

JUneAU2-17 Juneau Jazz & ClassicsThis annual festival includes various jazz and classical musicians, open rehearsals, workshops, dances, free brown bag lunch concerts, and other musical events. Various times and locations.jazzandclassics.org

2-25 “Boeing Boeing”Written in Mad Men-era 1960, this Tony award winning comedy follows the misadventures of Bernard, an American playboy living in Paris who has one Italian, one American, and one German flight attendant fiancée. He juggles their “layovers” until Boeing’s new 707 jet shortens flight times and unscheduled arrivals put all three ladies in his apartment at the same time. Perseverance Theatre, 7:30 p.m. traveljuneau.com

KenAi15-18 Kenai Birding FestivalThe annual Kenai Birding Festival draws birders of all ages and abilities. With a variety of low cost or free activities including kids’ activities, guided birding excursions, social events and not-to-be missed Kenai River float trip complete with local birding experts, there is something for every interest. Various locations and times. kenaibirdfest.com

KetCHiKAn2 Celebration of the Sea Art WalkCelebrate art and the start of a new season at the 14th Annual Sea Art Walk, enjoying new art pieces by local artists, music, refreshments, and fun. Various locations, 5 p.m. to 8 p.m. ketchikanarts.org

9-10 Ketchikan Theatre Ballet Spring GalaEnjoy the artistic talents of the Ketchikan Theatre Ballet. There will be a special performance by the younger dancers at 2 p.m. on May 10. Kayhi Auditorium, 7:30 p.m. ketchikanarts.org

KOdiAK17 Chocolate Lover’s Fling and Art AuctionThe first Fling in 2009 featured a halibut tail art auction and more chocolate than anyone really needs to eat. In 2012, the art auction featured humpy salmon fashioned into incredible art. Add music and wine and you have a winning combination at this adult date-night event. Harbor Convention Center. kodiak.org

22-27 Kodiak Crab FestivalCrab Festival, a Kodiak tradition for more than fifty years, celebrates the bounty of the sea, the end of winter, and the promise of sunshine. Events include the Pillar Mountain Race, carnival rides, survival suit races, demonstrations by the Coast Guard rescue team, an art exhibit, bed race, moustache competition, arm wrestling contest, the blessing of the fleet, and Fisherman’s Memorial Service. Various locations and times. kodiak.org

PALMer17 Operation Clean SweepThis annual event in Palmer is an opportunity to volunteer to clean up trash that built up over the winter. Free lunch is served to all vol-unteers, and there will be prize drawings. Downtown Palmer Picnic/Pavilion Area, all day. palmerchamber.org

PetersBUrG15-16 Little Norway Festival This festival celebrates the signing of Norway’s Constitution, US Armed Forces Day, the coming of spring, and the beginning of the fishing season. Residents and visitors dress in Norwegian folk costumes and participate in a ping pong competition, art shows, live music, a softball tournament, herring toss, parade, and more. Various locations and times. petersburg.org

sitKA5-17 Annual Quilt ShowThis quilt show is organized by the Ocean Wave Quilt Guild and is now in its 31st year. A Mother’s Day Tea will be celebrated from Noon to 4 p.m. on Sunday, May 12. Harrigan Centennial Hall, various times. sitka.org

5/31-6/29 Sitka Music FestivalThis is a nearly month-long celebration of music. Events include a kick-off “Wine & Music with Friends,” an evening of wine and tapas with the festival’s founder; evening concerts Friday and Saturday throughout June; a family concert and ice cream social; Alaska Crab Feed picnic, musical movie nights, and more. Various locations and times. sitkamusicfestival.org

sKAGWAY9-10 Spring Stroll and Be a Tourist for a DaySkagway merchants and tour operators open their doors for everyone to familiarize themselves with what’s being offered this visitor season. Various locations and times. skagwaynews.com/attractions.html

vALdeZ12 Ruthie FosterThis extraordinary singer/songwriter/performer tackles life’s big issues throughout songs on her new album. Foster repeatedly tes-tifies to her core message: that through all the ups and downs of living, you must stay true to yourself. Valdez Civic Center, 7 p.m. valdezartscouncil.org

WAsiLLA9-25 See How They RunFind out what a former American actor, a vicar’s wife, a Russian spy, a Cockney maid, a visiting Bishop, and the town gossip doing in the vicarage of a small English town in this British comedy. Valley Performing Arts, Thursday 7 p.m.; Friday and Saturday 8 p.m.; Sunday 2 p.m. valleyperformingarts.org

EVENTS CALENDAR Compiled by Tasha Anderson


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TRANSPORTATION� Shipping News: Why there’s an uptick � PLUS: Air Cargo, Rural Cargo, and more � Annual Transportation & Shippers Directory

BUILDING ALASKA� Buildings Roads: STIP Construction Projects � Building Boats: Shipyards of Alaska

FEATURE ARTICLES� Continuing Series: Urban Water & Wastewater� Environmental Services: Remediating Buildings� Financial Services: Non-Conventional Financing� Fisheries: Commercial Fisheries� Oil & Gas: Contingency Response Services� Oil & Gas: Cook Inlet Overview

� Oil & Gas: Cook Inlet Energy� Oil & Gas: Weather Factors� Real Estate: Buying & Selling

Commercial Real Estate� Telecom & Tech: Remote Maritime Telecom � Visitor Industry: Mid-Range Meeting Plans

DEPARTMENTS� From the Editor�View from the Top� Legal Speak� Agenda� Right Moves� Inside Alaska Business� Alaska Trends� Alaska This Month

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There is an interesting—and at times diffi cult to discern—re-lationship between produc-

tion, prices, and employment in Alaska’s oil industry, as the charts illustrate. While a fi ve-year period is a relative blink of the eye when it comes to identifying trends in an industry with as long of lead times as the oil industry, a glimpse of the larger picture is still visible here. For example, in the last fi ve years, there’s a perceptible decline in production, as most Alas-kans have probably heard. Meanwhile, prices climbed from less than $40 per barrel to well over $100 during this time period and have been holding steady at around $100 per barrel since early 2011. But perhaps most inter-estingly, although production has declined, employment in Alaska’s oil and gas industry has increased. What does this mean?

While there are many complex factors, most likely price is the single biggest factor. When Alaska’s oil pro-duction was at its peak of more than 759 million barrels

in 1988, employment stood in the 8,000-jobs range. Yet at the time, the price of Alaska’s oil was just $13.51 per barrel. In 2013, with production at less than a third of 1988 levels (approximately 205 million barrels), employ-ment was 14,100, and Alaska’s oil was fetching $107.63 per barrel. According to the Alaska Department of La-bor and Workforce Development, another reason for the inverse pattern between employment and production is that Alaska’s aging fi elds require more and more labor to extract their reserves.

Interestingly, although Alaska produces 8 percent of

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Alaska’s Interesting Alaska’s Interesting Alaska’s Interesting Relationship with OilRelationship with OilRelationship with Oil

An inverse pattern between employment

and production

ALASKA TRENDS� By Amy Miller

EMPLOYMENT Oil & Gas Thousands January 14.2 14.3 13.6 4.41%Alaska Thousands January 336.10 338.80 335.80 0.09%Labor Force Alaska Thousands January 362.24 360.57 361.21 0.29%Unemployment Rate Alaska Percent January 7.5 6.5 7.8 -3.85%

PETROLEUM Crude Oil Production—Alaska Millions of Barrels January 16.79 16.92 17.01 -1.29%Natural Gas Field Production—Alaska Billions of Cubic Ft. January 8.13 8.12 9.40 -13.51%ANS West Coast Average Spot Price $ per Barrel January 103.82 108.19 109.88 -5.52%Hughes Rig Count Alaska Active Rigs January 11 9 9 22.22% United States Active Rigs January 1769 1771 1756 0.74%

Year Over Year

Change

YearAgo

Period

Previous ReportPeriod

(revised)Latest Report

PeriodPeriodUnitsIndicator


the domestic oil supply in the Unit-ed States, less than 3 percent of the domestic oil and gas employment is located here. Again, according to the Department of Labor, there are sev-eral reasons for that.

First, Alaska’s largest oil fi eld, Prudhoe Bay, requires relatively low employment to function. Secondly, in other states, there are a variety of small, medium, and large fi elds with associated jobs, but in Alaska there are only large fi elds.

On a related note, other oil-pro-ducing states have more oil and gas establishments. If Alaska’s oil was not as remote and logistically dif-fi cult to extract, more of it would probably be developed; in eff ect, what might be worth developing in Louisiana or Oklahoma is not worth the eff ort and expense in Alaska.

Alaska also has fewer corporate jobs in the industry than in places like Texas. Finally, Alaska has few-er downstream operations and far less refi ning activity than in other states.

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Alaska Trends, an outline of significant statewide statistics, is provided by the University of Alaska

Center for Economic Development.


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GENERALPersonal Income—Alaska US $ 3rdQ13 36,923 36,557 36,123 2.21%Personal Income—United States US $ 3rdQ13 14,180,492 14,032,587 13,683,809 3.63%Consumer Prices—Anchorage 1982-1984 = 100 2nd H13 213.91 210.85 206.61 3.53%Consumer Prices—United States 1982-1984 = 100 2nd H13 233.55 232.37 230.34 1.39%Bankruptcies Alaska Total Number Filed January 29 28 59 -50.85% Anchorage Total Number Filed January 17 10 44 -61.36% Fairbanks Total Number Filed January 3 2 8 -62.50%

EMPLOYMENT Alaska Thousands January 336.10 338.80 335.80 0.09%Anchorage & Mat-Su Thousands January 172.30 177.30 172.70 -0.23%Fairbanks Thousands January 36.30 38.40 36.40 -0.27%Southeast Thousands January 32.90 33.65 32.70 0.61%Gulf Coast Thousands January 30.00 30.05 28.10 6.76%Sectorial Distribution—Alaska Total Nonfarm Thousands January 317.3 320.8 314.3 0.95% Goods Producing Thousands January 43.6 40.4 40.3 8.19% Services Providing Thousands January 273.7 280.4 274.0 -0.11% Mining and Logging Thousands January 17.0 17.4 16.4 3.66% Mining Thousands January 16.9 17.2 16.3 3.68% Oil & Gas Thousands January 14.2 14.3 13.6 4.41% Construction Thousands January 14.4 15.3 12.8 12.50% Manufacturing Thousands January 12.2 7.7 11.1 9.91% Seafood Processing Thousands January 8.7 4.0 7.6 14.47% Trade/Transportation/Utilities Thousands January 60.5 62.4 60.1 0.67% Wholesale Trade Thousands January 6.3 6.3 6.4 -1.56% Retail Trade Thousands January 35.1 36.2 34.3 2.33% Food & Beverage Stores Thousands January 6.2 6.3 5.9 5.08% General Merchandise Stores Thousands January 9.9 10.4 9.6 3.13% Trans/Warehouse/Utilities Thousands January 19.1 19.9 19.4 -1.55% Air Transportation Thousands January 5.5 5.6 5.5 0.00% Information Thousands January 6.2 6.2 6.0 3.33% Telecommunications Thousands January 4.1 4.1 4.0 2.50% Financial Activities Thousands January 11.8 11.9 11.8 0.00% Professional & Business Svcs Thousands January 28.2 28.6 28.6 -1.40% Educational & Health Services Thousands January 47.1 47.5 46.5 1.29% Health Care Thousands January 33.6 33.7 33.2 1.20% Leisure & Hospitality Thousands January 28.5 29.3 28.4 0.35% Accommodation Thousands January 6.1 6.2 6.0 1.67% Food Svcs & Drinking Places Thousands January 18.5 19.0 18.6 -0.54% Other Services Thousands January 11.4 11.2 11.4 0.00% Government Thousands January 80.0 83.3 81.2 -1.48% Federal Government Thousands January 14.5 14.9 15.4 -5.84% State Government Thousands January 24.7 26.6 24.5 0.82% State Education Thousands January 6.6 8.6 6.6 0.00% Local Government Thousands January 40.8 41.8 41.3 -1.21% Local Education Thousands January 22.9 23.8 23.7 -3.38% Tribal Government Thousands January 3.6 3.7 3.4 5.88%Labor Force Alaska Thousands January 362.24 360.57 361.21 0.29% Anchorage & Mat-Su Thousands January 201.16 202.28 202.50 -0.66% Fairbanks Thousands January 44.69 45.79 45.08 -0.87% Southeast Thousands January 37.27 37.02 37.20 0.19% Gulf Coast Thousands January 39.90 38.45 37.98 5.06%Unemployment Rate Alaska Percent January 7.5 6.5 7.8 -3.85% Anchorage & Mat-Su Percent January 6.1 5.2 6.3 -3.17% Fairbanks Percent January 6.7 5.4 7.2 -6.94%

Year Over Year

Change

YearAgo

Period






Southeast Percent January 8.7 7.2 8.7 0.00% Gulf Coast Percent January 8.7 8.1 9.5 -8.42%United States Percent January 7 6.5 8.5 -17.65%

PETROLEUM/MINING Crude Oil Production—Alaska Millions of Barrels January 16.79 16.92 17.01 -1.29%Natural Gas Field Production—Alaska Billions of Cubic Ft. January 8.13 8.12 9.40 -13.51%ANS West Coast Average Spot Price $ per Barrel January 103.82 108.19 109.88 -5.52%Hughes Rig Count Alaska Active Rigs January 11 9 9 22.22% United States Active Rigs January 1769 1771 1756 0.74%Gold Prices $ Per Troy Oz. January 1244.80 1225.40 1670.95 -25.50%Silver Prices $ Per Troy Oz. January 19.91 19.61 31.11 -36.00%Zinc Prices Per Pound January 2.04 0.95 1.02 100.00%

REAL ESTATE Anchorage Building Permit Valuations Total Millions of $ January 45.28 41.78 31.46 43.93% Residential Millions of $ January 6.75 5.35 10.98 -38.52% Commercial Millions of $ January 38.53 36.43 20.48 88.13%Deeds of Trust Recorded Anchorage--Recording District Total Deeds January 525 655 1195*Geo North -45.19% Fairbanks--Recording District Total Deeds January 130 186 275 -52.73%

VISITOR INDUSTRY Total Air Passenger Traffic—Anchorage Thousands January 332.66 362.93 323.70 2.77%Total Air Passenger Traffic—Fairbanks Thousands January 70.6 77.18 66.68 5.88%

ALASKA PERMANENT FUND Equity Millions of $ January 48,585.8 49,241.9 44,752.5 8.57%Assets Millions of $ January 49,180.6 49,882.4 45,895.6 7.16%Net Income Millions of $ January 204.0 357.9 178.3 14.41%Net Income—Year to Date Millions of $ January -725.4 408.8 1,028.9 -170.50%Marketable Debt Securities Millions of $ January 72.9 -57.3 72.6 0.41%Real Estate Investments Millions of $ January 82.4 -10.5 103.8 -20.62%Preferred and Common Stock Millions of $ January -857.4 276.0 859.8 -199.72%

BANKING (excludes interstate branches) Total Bank Assets—Alaska Millions of $ 4thQ13 5,394.16 5,432.27 5,219.35 3.35% Cash & Balances Due Millions of $ 4thQ13 141.17 281.86 171.34 -17.61% Securities Millions of $ 4thQ13 1,753.74 1,666.44 287.89 509.17% Net Loans and Leases Millions of $ 4thQ13 2,543.77 2,478.91 1,377.40 84.68% Other Real Estate Owned Millions of $ 4thQ13 17.58 17.22 21.17 -16.96%Total Liabilities Millions of $ 4thQ13 4,656.83 4,697.47 4,482.37 3.89% Total Bank Deposits—Alaska Millions of $ 4thQ13 4,046.21 4,086.89 3,936.18 2.80% Noninterest-bearing deposits Millions of $ 4thQ13 1,623.39 1,693.48 1,558.47 4.17% Interest- bearing deposits Millions of $ 4thQ13 2,422.82 2,393.41 2,377.41 1.91%

FOREIGN TRADE Value of the Dollar In Japanese Yen Yen January 104.05 103.47 88.94 16.99% In Canadian Dollars Canadian $ January 1.09 1.06 0.99 9.89% In British Pounds Pounds January 0.61 0.61 0.63 -2.48% In European Monetary Unit Euro January 0.73 0.73 0.75 -3.07% In Chinese Yuan Yuan January 6.05 6.12 6.28 -3.68%

Notes:1. Source of Anchorage Deeds of trust (GeoNorth) is cited in the data field.2. 4th Qtr. banking data is not available at this time.3. Banking data has been updated to include Alaska State Banks and Alaska’s sole federally chartered, Alaska-based bank, First National Bank Alaska

Year Over Year

Change

YearAgo

Period







aeSolutions.......................................................................71Alaska Aviation Heritage Museum...............138Alaska Dreams Inc..................................................128Alaska Mental Health Trust .................................11Alaska Photobooth Co..........................................141Alaska Printer’s Supply........................................130Alaska Rubber ...........................................................103Alaska USA Federal Credit Union.................147Alaska USA Insurance Brokers..........................29Alyeska Pipeline Service Co. ...........................105American Fast Freight..............................................51American Marine/PENCO..................................143Anchorage Sand & Gravel.....................................59Arctic Branding & Apparel................................... 75Arctic Controls.............................................................79Arctic Office Products (Machines).................65AT&T ......................................................................................9Avis.....................................................................................139BDO......................................................................................17Beacon OHSS................................................................38Bering Air.......................................................................138Bering Shai Rock & Gravel ................................... 55Black Gold Oilfield Services ..............................111BP Exploration (Alaska)..........................................23Brand Energy & Infrastructure.........................87Calista Corp....................................................................99Carlile Transportation Systems......................119

CCI Industrial................................................................. 73Chris Arend Photography..................................146Construction Machinery

Industrial LLC...........................................................2Cruz Construction Inc...........................................123Delta Leasing LLC.....................................................125Delta Western............................................................107Dino’s Donuts Inc.....................................................141Donlin Gold.................................................................104Dowland-Bach Corp..............................................130Doyon Limited............................................................101eDocsAlaska Inc..........................................................91Emerald Alaska..............................................................31Fairbanks Memorial Hospital...........................40Fairweather LLC..........................................................41First National Bank Alaska......................................5GCI ...........................................................................89, 148Global Diving & Salvage Inc................................84Golder Associates Inc..............................................79Granite Construction...............................................57Hawk Consultants LLC..........................................132Island Air Express.....................................................139Judy Patrick Photography................................ 106Kakivik Asset Management...............................80Landye Bennett Blumstein LLP..........................33Little Red Services Inc.............................................97Lounsbury and Associates....................................89

Lynden Inc. ............................................................43, 113MagTec Alaska LLC...................................................84Medical Park Family Care.....................................39MFCP - Motion Flow Control

Products Inc...........................................................79MTA Communications............................................64N C Machinery............................................................121NALCO Champion...................................................107Northern Air Cargo......................................136, 137Northrim Bank..............................................................83Nu Flow Alaska.........................................................109Offshore Systems Inc............................................127Olgoonik Development Corp........................... 131Oxford Assaying & Refining Inc......................138Pacific Alaska Freightways..................................50Pacific Pile & Marine.........................133, 134, 135Paramount Supply....................................................141Parker, Smith & Feek................................................27Peak Oilfield Service Co. ..................................106Pen Air................................................................................81Personnel Plus............................................................ 117PND Engineers Inc....................................................90Polar Supply Co.........................................................122Port of Anchorage......................................................47Port of Kodiak...............................................................49Procomm Alaska..........................................................63Ravn ALASKA................................................................15

Remax / Dynamic Properties - Matt Fink..................................................................39

RIM Architects.........................................................104Ritchie Brothers Auctioneers

(America) Inc.......................................................124Ryan Air.......................................................................... 129Senior Helpers...............................................................35SGS.......................................................................................82Span Alaska Consolidators....................................61Stellar Designs Inc....................................................141Taiga Ventures..........................................................109Taylor Fire Protection.............................................90Tesoro.................................................................................77Thompson Metal Fab..............................................115Totem Ocean Trailer Express (TOTE)...........45Tutka LLC...........................................................................33Udelhoven Oilfield Systems Service.......... 126UMIAQ.............................................................................132URS Corp..........................................................................79US HealthWorks

dba Primary Care Associates......................37Verizon ..............................................................................21Washington Crane & Hoist..................................25Waste Management .................................................91Wells Fargo ......................................................................13West-Mark Service Center...............................105XTO Energy ......................................................................3

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