ACS Process

8/13/2019 ACS Process

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American Chemical Society

ChemTechStandards

Chemical Process Technician

Table of Contents

Process Technician Employability (PE) Skill Standards...........................31.Working in the chemical process industries...............................................................32.Workplace skills for success...................................................................................... 43.Quality in the chemical process industries.................................................................54.Communications for the process technician...............................................................65.Maintaining a safe and clean plant adhering to enironmental!health and safetyregulations...................................................................................................................."

Process Technician Technical (PT) Skill Standards................................111.#andling$ storing$ and transporting chemical materials............................................112.%perating$ monitoring$ and controlling continuous and &atch processes............. ....143.'roiding routine and preentatie maintenance and serice to processes$e(uipment$ and instrumentation..................................................................................2)4.*naly+ing plant materials......................................................................................... 22


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Process Technician Employability (PE) Skill Standards

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1. Working in the chemical process industries

1.1. Facts about CPI1.1.1. Describe the chemical process industries (CPI) in relation to overall industry in the United

States with regard to capital investment percentage gross national product (!"P) and numbero# employees.

1.1.$. Identi#y the ma%or components o# a chemical company and describe how they are interrelated(include research development processing manu#acturing mar&eting sales and distribution).

1.1.'. ist the ma%or industries that are part o# CPI and the ma%or products associated with each.1.1.. Identi#y ma%or raw materials used in the manu#acture o# chemicals.1.1.*. Describe how CPI end use products e##ect the average citi+en.1.1.,. Describe how CPI contribute to the improvement o# the standard o# living.1.1.-. Describe current issues associated with CPI such as global competition the increase in

regulations (ederal and State) pertinent to sa#ety and the environment advancements in

technology and ways in which the industry is responding.

1.. Careers in CPI1.$.1. Identi#y careers and career paths within the chemical process industries (CPI)/ note how the

process technician #its into the overall scheme.1.$.$. Discuss the education and training re0uired #or a variety o# related %obs including process

technician laboratory technician engineer chemist and instrument technician.1.$.'. Discuss current trends in the way process technicians are employed in the local industry by

comparing members who wor& directly in the industry (hired by company) vs. those who wor&indirectly (contractors).

1.$.. Describe actions process technicians can ta&e to continually upgrade their s&ills in an everchanging environment.

1.$.*. Identi#y operations in the local area in which process technicians are represented by a unionand those which are not/ discuss the di##erences.1.$.,. 2eet with process technicians wor&ing in local industry and discuss the &ind o# wor& done and

ways they have contributed to the business.

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. Workplace skills !or success

1.!. "orkin# as a member o$ a team1.'.1. Describe advantages o# teamwor& in planning per#orming analy+ing problem solving and

reporting.1.'.$. Describe techni0ues #or demonstrating that the opinion o# each member o# the team is valued.1.'.'. 34plain how our actions impact our own health and sa#ety and the health and sa#ety o# others.1.'.. 34plain how our actions impact our own health and sa#ety and the health and sa#ety o# others.

1.%. Problem sol&in#1..1. Discuss various problem solving techni0ues and a potential application #or each.1..$. Demonstrate s&ills in problem solving.1..'. Demonstrate critical thin&ing.1... Pay close attention to details and observe trends.1..*. Success#ully coordinate several tas&s simultaneously.

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3. "uality in the chemical process industries

1.'. Concepts o$ total uality mana#ement1.*.1. Describe principles o# total 0uality management (562).1.*.$. Describe the role o# the process technician in implementing 562.1.*.'. Describe elements o# 562 as they relate to suppliers producers and customers.1.*.. Draw a process diagram #or a chemical operation/ identi#y inputs process and outputs.1.*.*. Describe the concept o# 7continuous improvement.71.*.,. 8or&ing with a team construct a process #low diagram to describe an industrial process or a

pro%ect or an e4periment that is being conducted in the school laboratory.1.*.-. 8or&ing as part o# a team #or a chemical operation identi#y those 562 procedures elements

and principles that contribute to de#ect prevention.1.*.9. Determine con#ormance speci#ications by comparison o# inspection done with product

speci#ication.1.*.:. Use statistical tools such as #ishbone (cause and e##ect) diagrams Pareto charts histograms

and scatter diagrams/ demonstrate the use o# each and describe the values o# each in planningand designing e4periments.

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#. Communications !or the process technician

1.. Communicatin# results1.,.1. 8rite accurate legible and concise shi#t reports.1.,.$. Dra#t detailed e0uipment problem reports demonstrating the use o# problem solving

techni0ues.1.,.'. Demonstrate the ability to create clear concise written re0uests as well as the ability to

accurately complete #orms.1.,.. Describe the components o# a technical report.1.,.*. Demonstrate the ability to write a technical report.1.,.,. Identi#y the components o# a good oral report.1.,.-. Demonstrate the ability to give concise oral reports.1.,.9. Demonstrate the ability to use presentation so#tware to give oral reports.1.,.:. Compose and revise documents using a word processing program.1.,.1;. Dra#t clear and concise letters and memos.1.,.11. Demonstrate the ability to construct graphs tables and diagrams to clearly and accurately

present data.1.,.1$. ead a group in conducting an incident investigation and in preparing a written report.1.,.1'. Demonstrate the ability to &eep an accurate noteboo&.1.,.1. Dra#t review and upgrade operating and maintenance procedures.1.,.1*. Conduct a process ha+ards analysis and dra#t the report.

1.*. +atherin# in$ormation1.-.1. 2aintain accurate records in a log.1.-.$.


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$. %aintaining a sa!e and clean plant adhering to en&ironmental'health and

sa!ety regulations

1.,. -&er&ie o$ the impact o$ $ederal/ state/ local and company re#ulations1.9.1. Describe the sa#ety and health impact on the wor&er as compliance with S>?>3 regulations is

achieved and maintained.1.9.$. Describe the impact on the environment as compliance with S>?>3 regulations is achieved andmaintained.

1.9.'. Identi#y and describe the agencies (#ederal state and local) that develop and en#orceregulations pertaining to the chemical and related industries and their area o# responsibility.

1.9.. Describe the speci#ic wor&er and employer responsibilities re0uired by the ma%or sa#ety>healthand environmental (S>?>3) regulations including but not limited to@ A 3nvironmental ProtectionBgency (3PB) Clean Bir and 8ater Bcts o# 1::; A ccupational Sa#ety and ?ealth Bdministration(S?B) 1:1;.1$; Process Sa#ety 2anagement A S?B 1:1;.1$; ?a+ardous 8asteperations and 3mergency


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1.0. The process technicians role in maintainin# a sa$e and healthy planten&ironment1.:.1. Using ccupational Sa#ety and ?ealth Bdministration (S?B) 1:1;.11: Process Sa#ety

2anagement as a representative regulation describe the process technicianEs responsibility inimplementing sa#ety>health and environmental (S>?>3) regulations.

1.:.$. ist the in#ormation that a process technician can secure #rom the manu#acturer or distributor

about their chemicals under 7?>3 and ma&e recommendations #or changes or additions.

1.:.1$. Correctly per#orm basic electricity grounding and bonding procedures and use appropriatesa#ety precautions #or other electrical sa#ety issues.

1.:.1'. Describe the intent o# 7+ero energy7 and the methods used to achieve it/ include li0uiddraining nitrogen purging steaming etc.

1.:.1. Describe isolation methods used to maintain 7+ero energy7 conditions once achieved suchas blinding disconnecting doublebloc& bleeding and loc&ing and tagging procedures.

1.:.1*. Demonstrate use o# handheld radios and other communication systems and the proper wayto communicate emergency in#ormation.

1.:.1,. Demonstrate the ability to isolate an operating pump using appropriate loc&out>tagoutprocedures.

1.:.1-. Use several di##erent air and water monitoring systems available such as Drager !astec&and 2SB $ analy+ers to determine the e4istence and degree o# to4ic contaminants in a wor&environment.

1.:.19. Correctly #ollow sa#e operating procedures in startup operation and preparation o# process

e0uipment.

1.12. Personal and co3orker sa$ety1.1;.1. Identi#y typical resources available #or response to personal in%ury such as emergency

medical technician paramedic and medical department.1.1;.$. Select and use appropriate personal protective e0uipment (PP3) #or a variety o# situations

while wor&ing in the plant including but not limited to handling to4ic>corrosive materialsbiological materials #lammable materials and materials with high vapor pressure.

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1.1;.'. Select and demonstrate correct use o# PP3 #or s&in and general body protection such as acidsuits general slic&er suits chemical aprons gloves and boots.

1.1;.. Select and demonstrate the correct use o# PP3 #or hearing protections such as earplugs andearmu##s.

1.1;.*. Select and demonstrate the correct use o# PP3 #or eye protection such as cover goggleseyeglasses with side shields and #ace shields (#ull and hal#).

1.1;.,. Select and demonstrate the correct use o# PP3 #or respiratory protection such as air supply(sel#contained breathing apparatus HSCUKBJ hose line systems and emergency escape pac&s)and air puri#ication (#ull and hal# mas& with acid gas particulate and hydrocarbon cartridges).

1.1;.-. Demonstrate proper use o# sa#ety and health response e0uipment such as eye wash stationssa#ety showers and #ire blan&ets.

1.1;.9. Demonstrate proper li#ting techni0ues to prevent in%ury.1.1;.:.


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1.11.1*. Select the correct #ire#ighting e0uipment to use based on the type si+e and conditions o# a#ire.

1.1. 4e&elopin# and e5ecutin# an emer#ency sa$ety plan1.1$.1. Identi#y and describe components o# an sa#ety plan #or emergencies including #ire spills>gas

release bomb threats and inclement weather.

1.1$.$. Develop a sa#ety awareness session #or #ellow students.1.1$.'. Participate in a simulated emergency both as a leader and as a victim.1.1$.. Identi#y and describe components o# an 3mergency


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Process Technician Technical (PT) Skill Standards


1. andling storing and transporting chemical materials

1.1!. 6e#ulatory aspects o$ handlin#/ storin# and transportin# chemicalmaterials1.1'.1. Identi#y the regulating agencies at the #ederal state and local levels that are responsible #or

overseeing handling storage and transportation o# chemical materials.1.1'.$. ortransporting materials.

1.1'.. Demonstrate the ability to read and interpret data and guidance #ound in 2SDSEs.1.1'.*. utline proper material handling and vessel decontamination procedures.1.1'.,. Bpply Department o# 5ransportation (D5) regulations to common shipping and receiving

procedures and to the e0uipment used #or handling chemical materials including materials withhigh vapor pressure.

1.1'.-. Bpply Coast !uard and international maritime regulations to common receiving and shippingprocedures and to the e0uipment used #or handling chemical materials at marine terminals.

1.1'.9. Select shipping>transportation #orms #rom each regulating agency as appropriate #or materialshandled by the local chemical process industry (CPI) and #or a case study complete each #orm.

1.1'.:. Choose at least three products produced by local companies and describe handling andtransporting re0uirements #or each.

1.1%. 7andlin# chemical materials1.1.1. Identi#y the ma%or classes o# industrial chemicals including petrochemicals plastics paper

and pulp and pharmaceuticals.

1.1.$. Categori+e common commercial chemicals as elements inorganic>organic compounds andmi4tures.

1.1.'. 2atch #ormulas symbols chemical names and common names #or common commercialchemicals.

1.1.. Use a chemical re#erence boo& to determine the #ormula name and basic properties o# avariety o# chemical materials o# importance to the industry in the local area.

1.1.*. ist ma%or types o# chemical ha+ards.1.1.,. Identi#y the class o# chemical and associated ha+ards #rom the label o# common commercial

chemicals.1.1.-. Identi#y common commercial chemicals that are considered to be corrosive #lammable or

combustible and give e4amples o# proper handling>storage procedures #or such materials.1.1.9. Identi#y the personal protective e0uipment (PP3) appropriate #or handling several classes o#

chemical materials that are #ound commonly in the local>regional area.1.1.:. Identi#y and compare the "ational ire Protection Bgency ("BPB) ?a+ardous 2aterials

Identi#ication Symbols (?2IS) and Department o# 5ransportation (D5) labeling systems.1.1.1;. Identi#y the problems related to handling>storing hydroscopic materials and give e4amples o#

proper handling #or such materials.1.1.11. Describe containment and cleanup and reporting procedures #or containing and cleaning up

spilled chemicals including #lammable to4ic reactive and corrosive materials.

1.1'. Storin# chemical materials

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1.1*.1. Identi#y at least #ive purposes #or using storage tan&s in chemical or petroleum processingand handling.

1.1*.$. Identi#y the purpose o# tan& di&ing and spill diversion.1.1*.'. Describe ha+ards involved in storing volatile chemicals and proper response to emergencies

such as #ire spill and contamination.1.1*.. Identi#y industrial uses #or the #ollowing storage>shipping containers and give e4amples o# the

use o# each@ A *gallon cans A **gallon drums A carboys A bottles (plastic glass) A Sample bombsA ;gallon chemtotes A gas cylinders A #iber pac&s A ammonia tan&s

1.1*.*. Correlate characteristics o# boiling point vapor pressure and viscosity with choice o# storagecontainers.

1.1*.,. Describe the re0uirements o# vessels and techni0ues used to store and handle gases.1.1*.-. Describe types o# materials used to construct storage containers>vessels and handling

e0uipment #or ha+ardous chemicals.1.1*.9. Identi#y common indicators o# deterioration o# tan&s and other storage containers.1.1*.:. Select storage #acilities appropriate #or each o# the main classes o# chemicals.1.1*.1;. Identi#y procedures #or determining the suitability o# a tan& or vessel #or storage o# speci#ied

materials.1.1*.11. !iven a set o# conditions and materials identi#y tan&s or other containers most appropriately

used #or storage.1.1*.1$. Describe #unctions o# level pressure #low and temperature instruments #or storing

chemicals.1.1*.1'. Identi#y the class o# chemical and associated ha+ards #rom the label o# common commercial

chemicals.1.1*.1. ist steps and sa#ety precautions appropriate #or cleaning and purging tan&s #or hot wor&

entry and disposal.1.1*.1*. Using a computer in#ormation database develop a simulated inventory system #or stored

materials/ compare the inventory system with comparable ones used in the local industry andreport any di##erences.

1.1*.1,. !iven a variety o# materials used locally with di##erent vapor pressures boiling pointscorrosivity and hygroscopicity as well as other chemical and physical characteristics describe

techni0ues appropriate #or sampling and storage.1.1*.1-. Identi#y the uses o# the methods o# sampling #rom the pressure ratings and the venting

re0uirements appropriate #or the #ollowing tan&s@ A loating roo# tan&s A ?igh volatility spheres ACryogenic tan&s>bottles

1.1*.19. Using a computer in#ormation system develop a simulated inventory o# storage containersincluding all tan&s barrels and drums/ designate usage and availability o# each/ and compare

with local industry applications and discuss any di##erences.

1.1. Transportin# chemical materials1.1,.1. Identi#y the proper shipping modes #or a variety o# chemical materials based on 0uantity

volatility to4icity corrosivity ha+ards #or handlers and environmental ha+ards.1.1,.$. Describe appropriate techni0ues and suitable containers commonly used #or shipping

chemical materials.1.1,.'. Describe the appropriate use o# ground rail air and water transportation #or a variety o#di##erent &inds o# materials/ identi#y regulations associated with each.

1.1,.. Describe application and sa#ety considerations when using the #ollowing to trans#er/ chemicalmaterials@ hoses/ pumps/ instruments/ compressors/ piping/ connections.

1.1,.*. Describe the procedure to move gas cylinders sa#ely #rom one location to another.1.1,.,. Identi#y basic steps used in the trans#er o# bul& chemicals #rom one vessel to another.1.1,.-. 8rite a standard operating procedure (SP) #or the trans#er o# speci#ied chemical materials

via a speci#ied trans#er mode.

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1.1,.9. 34plain the purpose o# a bill o# lading.1.1,.:. Collect appropriate samples #or identi#ication and 0uality veri#ication o# the materials being

received by applying appropriate SPEs.1.1,.1;. Prepare materials #or shipping including selection o# containers preparation o# labels and

completion o# re0uired paperwor&.1.1,.11. Gisit a local chemical plant and identi#y the procedures used to receive and ship materials.

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. *perating monitoring and controlling continuous and batch processes

1.1,. Introduction to process1.19.1. De#ine characteristics o# a batch process/ give e4amples #rom CPI.1.19.$. De#ine characteristics o# a continuous process/ give e4amples #rom CPI.1.19.'. State similarities and di##erences between continuous and batch processes.1.19.. De#ine the #ollowing terms used to depict the gases li0uids and>or solids #low in a process@

#eed recycle intermediate product product byproduct and waste1.19.*. Describe how a process is depicted in bloc& #low and process #low diagrams1.19.,. Starting with a simpli#ied #low chart o# a comple4 batch process identi#y the unit operations

that constitute the process.1.19.-. Describe how in a batch process the interaction o# di##erent components in a plant a##ects

each other.1.19.9. Starting with a simpli#ied #low chart o# a comple4 continuous process identi#y the unit

operations that constitute the process.1.19.:. Describe how in a continuous process there is continuous #low o# gases li0uids and>or

solids/ how di##erent parts o# the plant interrelate with one another/ and how a problem in onearea>unit o# the plant may a##ect others.

1.10. Process chemistry1.1:.1. De#ine 7chemistry.71.1:.$. De#ine chemical reaction1.1:.'. De#ine and provide e4amples o# atoms elements molecules compounds and mi4tures.1.1:.. !iven the periodic chart o# elements identi#y the symbol atomic number atomic weight and

classi#ication as to metals nonmetals and gases.1.1:.*. !iven a particular element draw a model o# its atomic structure including the number o#

protons neutrons and electrons.1.1:.,. Describe gases li0uids and solids in terms o# their properties.1.1:.-. list the physical states o# matter and describe each in terms o# their properties1.1:.9. 8rite and balance simple chemical e0uations and relate to chemical reactions.

1.1:.:. De#ine the #ollowing physical properties@ boiling point #ree+ing point vapor pressuredensity>speci#ic gravity and viscosity.

1.1:.1;. De#ine terms used to describe solutions@ solubility and temperature e##ect solvent solutemiscible immiscible

1.1:.11. Calculate molecular weight o# compounds.1.1:.1$. De#ine energy and list its various #orms1.1:.1'. Di##erentiate between organic and inorganic materials/ give e4amples o# each.1.1:.1. Di##erentiate between organic and inorganic chemistry and give e4amples o# each1.1:.1*. De#ine hydrocarbons and list the di##erent #amilies1.1:.1,. Describe mass and energy balances and the #undamental laws that apply.1.1:.1-. State the law o# conservation o# energy and give an e4ample1.1:.19. De#ine and give e4amples o# 7e4othermic7 and 7endothermic7 reactions as they relate to

process operation.1.1:.1:. Describe the law o# the conservation o# mass and how it relates to balancing chemical

e0uations1.1:.$;. De#ine 7steady state7 as applied to continuous processes.1.1:.$1. Distinguish among crac&ing polymeri+ation neutrali+ation substitution decomposition and

reduction>o4idation chemical reactions and describe the chemical and physical characteristicsthat are important to controlling them and handling these raw materials and products.

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1.1:.$$. 34plain why the relate o# a chemical reaction depends on types o# chemicals concentrationtemperature and presence o# catalysts>poisons

1.1:.$'. De#ine chemical e0uilibrium and the constant used to predict the e4tent o# reaction1.1:.$. Determine cycle time #or a batch process.1.1:.$*. Identi#y three ma%or processes o# interest to local industries/ write the chemical e0uations

that relate to the chemistry o# the processes/ describe the chemical and physical properties o#

materials used in the processes/ and write the temperature>pressure relationships #or theprocesses.

1.1:.$,. Calculate the e4pected yield o# material given a chemical reaction.

1.2. Process dia#rams1.$;.1. Interpret symbols icons and abbreviations #or all ma%or components o# processes and #or all

ma%or pieces o# e0uipment on process diagrams.1.$;.$. 34plain the di##erent #ormation contained on the #ollowing types o# process diagrams@ bloc&

#low diagrams process #low diagrams logic diagrams piping and instrument diagrams andelectrical one line diagrams.

1.$;.'. Use process diagrams to locate e0uipment trace piping and identi#y instruments on anoperating lab model or pilot plant

1.$;.. !iven an operating lab model o# pilot plant draw a simpli#ied #low diagram containinge0uipment piping and controls

1.$;.*. Draw schematic diagrams #or locally important processes including #low sheets material andenergy diagrams logic diagrams bloc& #low diagrams and P L IDs placing proper symbols andicons as re0uired/ use directional arrows to indicate #low.

1.1. 4istillation as an operation (sin#le3phase separation)1.$1.1. Describe the basic principles o# distillation.1.$1.$. Identi#y and list purpose o# e0uipment in distillation systems@ tower vessel #eed preheater

condenser re#lu4 drum reboiler distillation trays and pac&ing.1.$1.'. Identi#y the #ollowing streams in distillation systems@ #eed overhead overhead product

sidestream bottoms bottom product and re#lu4.

1.$1.. Identi#y several ma%or industrial distillation processes/ describe materials involved and theprocess used #or each in terms o# distillation e0uipment.

1.$1.*. pressure relationships that

set the operating conditions #or distillation columns.1.$1.9. ocate on a process diagram the heat input and output sources in order to energy balance

the system at steady state conditions1.$1.:. 34plain what sets the diameter and height o# distillation columns1.$1.1;. 34plain what sets the operating conditions #or distillation columns and locate the lowest

temperature>pressure and highest temperature>pressure in the column

1.$1.11. Conduct a laboratory distillation to separate multiple components o# a mi4ture and plot aboiling point>#raction curve.1.$1.1$. In a pilot plant and>or using simulations set up the conditions #or a distillation. Start up

operate and shutdown the distillation while collecting all measurements re0uired to per#ormmass and energy balances.

1.$1.1'. or both continuous processes describe purposes o# and di##erences between distillationseparations involving@A pac&ed columnsA trayed columnsA vacuumA atmosphericA a+eotropicAnona+eotropic A steam stripping A binary #ractionation A high temperature A cryogenic.

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1.$1.1. Describe how product purity and process e##iciency relate to temperature pro#ile di##erentialpressure and re#lu4 ratios o# a distillation column.

1.$1.1*. Calculate mass and energy balances #or distillation processes.1.$1.1,. Solve mass and energy balance problems under steadystate conditions.1.$1.1-. Gisit a plant to observe the operation o# a commercial distillation tower/ review the data

collected ma&e notes o# observations record analytical results and prepare a report that #ully

characteri+es the operation.1.$1.19. 34plain the purpose and di##erences #or the #ollowing distillation separations@ vacuum

pressure binary multicomponent e4tractive a+eotropic stripping

1.. Absorption/ adsorption/ $iltration/ ion e5chan#e/ and e&aporation (dual3phase separation)1.$$.1. Identi#y and list the purpose o# e0uipment and materials@ pac&ings distributors screens

mesh #ilter elements strainers desiccants resins and coagulants used in separations systems(such as 7absorption7 7adsorption7 7#iltration7 7ion e4change7 7crystalli+ation7 7drying77evaporation7 7e4traction7 7precipitation7 7screening7 7stripping7 7decanting7)

1.$$.$. Describe the purpose and procedure #or regeneration o# adsorbers and dryers. De#ine thecycle time

1.$$.'. De#ine absorption adsorption #iltration ion e4change evaporation e4traction precipitationscreening stripping and decanting as components o# the unit operations.

1.$$.. Identi#y the #ollowing streams@ solvent e4tract ra##inate #iltrate precipitate in separationsystems (such as 7absorption7 7adsorption7 7#iltration7 7ion e4change7 7crystalli+ation7 7drying77evaporation7 7e4traction7 7precipitation7 7screening7 7stripping7 7decanting7)

1.$$.*. Describe several ways in which absorption adsorption #iltration ion e4change andevaporation units are used in continuous and batch processes.

1.$$.,. Calculate capacity limitations #or absorption adsorption #iltration ion e4change andevaporation units.

1.$$.-. Describe the operation o# and the e0uipment used #or settling thic&ening clari#ying anddecanting/ give e4amples o# the use o# each and determine results #or each using typical processdata.

1.$$.9. Describe steps in preparing raw water #or use as ma&eup to cooling towers and boilers (i.e.clari#ication #iltration ion e4change deaeration chemical addition etc.).

1.$$.:. Describe the chemical substitution that occurs on cation and anion e4change resins1.$$.1;. Identi#y several industrial processes that use evaporation in one or more operations.1.$$.11. 8rite basic chemical reactions that describe ion e4change and give several e4amples o#

how ion e4change is used in industrial processes (particularly #or water treatment).

1.!. E5traction as an operation1.$'.1. Identi#y the #eed product and intermediate streams associated with e4traction in a

continuous and batch processes.1.$'.$. Di##erentiate between types o# e4traction processes including li0uid>li0uid li0uid>vapor and

li0uid>solid.

1.$'.'. De#ine the roles o# the carrier solvent solute e4tract and ra##inate in e4traction processes.1.$'.. De#ine partition coe##icient.1.$'.*. Identi#y and describe operational characteristics o# ma%or e0uipment used in e4traction

including columns mi4er>settlers etc.1.$'.,. Identi#y several common ma%or industrial e4traction processes/ describe the materials

involved and the e4traction process used #or each in terms o# type solvent and e0uipment.1.$'.-. In a pilot plant and>or using simulations set up the conditions #or an e4traction startup

operation and shutdown while collecting all measurements re0uired to per#orm mass andenergy balances.

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1.$'.9. bserve a commercial e4traction unit at a local company/ review the data collected noteobservations record analytical results describe how the e4traction relates to the rest o# theprocess and prepare a report.

1.%. 6eactions8reactors as an operation1.$.1. !iven a chemical e0uation describe the reaction.

1.$.$. De#ine e4othermic and endothermic reactions and give e4amples o# each1.$.'. De#ine catalyst and give e4amples used in industry1.$.. Identi#y reactor types@ #i4ed bed #luid bed tubular>#urnaces batch autoclaves1.$.*. Identi#y common types o# reactors and describe typical applications o# each one (including

stirred &ettles autoclaves and #urnaces).1.$.,. Characteri+e several types o# mi4ing environments and describe the e0uipment used in each.1.$.-. Kalance simple chemical e0uations relevant to ma%or industrial processes.1.$.9. Describe ma%or steps in starting up and shutting down both batch and continuous reactors

sa#ely.1.$.:. ist and describe the types o# reactions@ combination decomposition single replacement

double replacement1.$.1;. Identi#y the impact o# changes in temperature pressure catalyst activity and concentration

on chemical reactions in processes common in the local area.1.$.11. 34plain a 7runaway7 reaction.1.$.1$. 8rite several chemical reactions used in ma%or batch and continuous industrial processes/

use classical reactions in several categories as well as those o# speci#ic interest to localindustries.

1.$.1'. In a laboratory or pilot plant set up the necessary e0uipment and conduct reactionsrepresenting ma%or industrial processes o# interest to the local industry.

1.$.1. mi4ing.

1.$.1*. Calculate percent yield #or industrial reactions #rom #eed and product data typically available#or process.

1.'. Fluid $lo and $luid mi5in#1.$*.1. Identi#y ma%or e0uipment associated with #luid #low including valves #ans blowers pumps

compressors and vessels/ describe the operation use and #unction o# each.1.$*.$. Distinguish among the #ollowing valve types@ globe needle gate butter#ly diaphragm chec&

ball plug and automatic pneumatic/ identi#y the components characteristics.1.$*.'. Describe the #unction and operation o# protective devices (i.e. rupture discs and relie#

valves).1.$*.. Distinguish between gauge pressure and absolute pressure and convert pressure readings

between two types o# pressure.1.$*.*. Describe operational characteristics o# centri#ugal and positive displacement pumps/ state the

common use and limitations o# each.1.$*.,. Identi#y e0uipment used #or e##icient #luid mi4ing.

1.$*.-. Describe components and principles o# operation o# #ans blowers positive displacement andcentri#ugal compressors.1.$*.9. ocate various pieces o# e0uipment associated with #luid #low on a process diagram #rom a

local industry.1.$*.:. Demonstrate ability to isolate pipes>pipe %oints and brea& #langes using basic hand tools such

as wrenches soc&ets pipe and valve wrenches.1.$*.1;. In a pilot plant or laboratory demonstrate ability to ta&e common e0uipment associated with

#luid #lows and mi4ing out o# service and return to service.

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1.$*.11. Identi#y typical problems that may occur in a process system that would result in changes insystem pressure and the resulting actions ta&en to correct each problem.

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1.$9.,. Shut down the pilot plant (simulation) process and prepare #or ne4t use.1.$9.-. Describe the start up operation and sa#e shut down processes used in the local chemical

industry.

1.0. Process optimi9ation1.$:.1. or a given process calculate the e##ects o# ad%ustments in #low rate pressure and

temperature on the output 0uality and 0uantity.1.$:.$. Describe the concept o# process optimi+ation1.$:.'. Correlate purity o# output with process conditions and materials used in the process.1.$:.. or a speci#ied process identi#y the steps re0uired to optimi+e the process.1.$:.*. Determine cycle time #or a batch process and residence time #or a continuous process and

identi#y ways o# reducing time.1.$:.,. or a speci#ied process develop a waste minimi+ation program as part o# optimi+ation.1.$:.-. Collect chart and analy+e data and supply statistical 0uality control principles.1.$:.9. Determine theoretical and actual production rates and calculate production e##iciency #or a

process.1.$:.:. Determine theoretical and actual energy re0uirements #or a given process.1.$:.1;. or a speci#ied process identi#y the #ollowing types o# optimi+ation and conditions when

each is most appropriate@ A increase yields A decrease raw materials cost A decrease energycosts A increase product output A improve product purity A improve process throughput A minimi+e

waste

1.!2. "aste ater treatment1.';.1. 5race water usage in a plant using a process diagram.1.';.$. Determine sources and uses o# water in plants.1.';.'. Describe primary secondary and tertiary waste water treatment types/ give e4amples o#

each.1.';.. 5est #or p? solids color #low rate total organic carbon (5C) and settling rate describe

purpose and procedure #or tests as speci#ied by regulations.1.';.*. Di##erentiate between storm water waste water and sewage/ describe disposal techni0ues

#or each.1.';.,. Describe the operation o# a waste water treating plant. 34plain the system impact o# varying

the water #low.1.';.-. Identi#y the various types o# #low measurement in e##luent water systems.1.';.9. Describe sampling techni0ues used in waste water treating.1.';.:. 2a&e ad%ustments to a waste water treating plant to &eep the e##luent water within

speci#ication.

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3. Pro&iding routine and pre&entati&e maintenance and ser&ice to processes

e+uipment and instrumentation

1.!1. +eneral concepts in maintenance1.'1.1. !ive e4amples o# the di##erent &inds o# maintenance (scheduled unscheduled and

preventative) and identi#y the role o# the process technician in each.1.'1.$. Describe duties and tas&s o# a maintenance technician and the relationship o# the processtechnician to the maintenance technician.

1.'1.'. Describe conse0uences o# not having a preventative maintenance program.1.'1.. Prepare a maintenance log #or all instruments and e0uipment.1.'1.*. Gisit a plant during turn around/ observe the activities o# technicians/ discuss the

observations with plant personnel/ and prepare a report about the responsibilities o# processtechnicians during turnarounds.

1.'1.,. Prepare a properly descriptive wor& re0uest #or maintenance.1.'1.-. 3stimate the added cost o# mal#unctioning e0uipment and poor maintenance to the total costs

o# product in a chemical plant.1.'1.9. Develop criteria #or speci#ic maintenance needs and recogni+e when these needs have been

e##ectively addressed.1.'1.:. Develop and monitor a preventative maintenance schedule #or process e0uipment.

1.!. :aintainin# process euipment1.'$.1. Demonstrate an ability to recogni+e ma%or types o# plant e0uipment including piping valves

pumps compressors heat e4changers tan&s distillation columns>towers cooling towers andreactors.

1.'$.$. Using graphics and actual e0uipment parts e4plain the purposes o# common internalcon#igurations #or ma%or pieces o# plant e0uipment.

1.'$.'. ist the common conditions that determine when e0uipment needs to be removed #romservice.

1.'$.. Demonstrate good practices #or brea&ing #langes and installing and removing #igureeight andslip blinds etc.

1.'$.*. Bpply loc&out>tagout procedures #or removing motors #rom service and #or preventing therelease o# potential stored or ha+ardous energy.

1.'$.,. Compare the operations o# a variety o# valves (including globe gate diaphragm ball plugand butter#ly) and identi#y the service #or which each type o# valve is best suited.

1.'$.-. Choose proper pac&ing material and correctly repac& a variety o# valves.1.'$.9. Describe symptoms o# common pumping problems and cite appropriate corrective actions.1.'$.:. Describe common causes o# problems in #ans blowers and compressors/ cite appropriate

corrective actions.1.'$.1;. Describe isolation blinding and decontamination procedures #or a variety o# tan&s and

vessels.1.'$.11. Identi#y the e##ects on one or more process systems o# the #ollowing@ A #ouled heat

e4changer A damaged trays in a distillation tower A short or brea& in a thermocouple A plugged or

restricted #low1.'$.1$. Start up lubrication and seal oil systems/ maintain proper oil levels during operation.1.'$.1'. ollow standard operating procedures (SPs) to prepare e0uipment #or maintenance.1.'$.1. Conduct inspections to evaluate e0uipment condition (e.g. inspection o# internals o# vessels

during shutdowns).1.'$.1*. Identi#y speci#ic problems with a piece o# e0uipment (e.g. gradual change in outlet

temperature o# a cooler) monitor to establish the trend and determine when maintenance isre0uired.

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1.!!. -peratin# and maintainin# instruments1.''.1. Identi#y instruments and other devices that are used in plants to monitor #low level pressure

temperature and analytical targets and describe how they wor&/ include analog digital andpneumatic instruments.

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#. ,naly-ing plant materials

1.!*. =asic concepts o$ measurement1.'-.1. Describe the importance o# measurement in chemistry.1.'-.$. Describe 7precision7 and 7accuracy7/ give e4amples o# each.1.'-.'. Calculate mean median mode and standard deviation #or several data sets.1.'-.. Describe what is meant by an 7outo#control7 measurement.1.'-.*. Describe what is meant by 7signi#icant #igures7/ give e4amples.1.'-.,. Compare systematic and random errors.1.'-.-. Identi#y select and demonstrate proper use o# volumetric glassware (burets graduated

cylinders #las&s and pipets).1.'-.9. Select and use analytical balances #or weighing 0uantities ranging #rom ;.;;1 grams to 1;;

grams to a speci#ied accuracy and precision.1.'-.:. Convert units o# measure #rom 3nglish to metric and vice versa.1.'-.1;. Develop a #re0uency distribution chart #or a data set.1.'-.11. Describe a control chart and construct such a chart using a data set.1.'-.1$. Bpply standard rules #or determining the number o# signi#icant #igures in measurements and

in the answers to corresponding calculations.1.'-.1'. Calculate the errors in various measurements based on data ac0uired using common

laboratory e0uipment.1.'-.1. !iven one or more e4amples evaluate propagation o# error in a calculation involving one or

more steps.1.'-.1*. De#ine 7con#idence limit7 in terms o# standard deviation.

1.!,. Chemical and physical properties o$ solids/ #ases and liuids1.'9.1. Characteri+e gases li0uids and solids according their physical states.1.'9.$. Use the ideal gas law to calculate pressure temperature and volume relationships #or gases.1.'9.'. Calculate pressure temperature and volume relationships #or gases and li0uids.1.'9.. Characteri+e common chemical materials based on the #ollowing physical and chemical

properties/ identi#y the units applicable to each/ identi#y the apparatus used to measure each/ and

cite the importance o# the property to characteri+e the product@ A boiling point A dew point Adensity>speci#ic gravity A #ree+ing point A cloud point A #lash point A hardness A p? A viscosity Aheat o# combustion A color A pour point A #ire point A speci#ic heat A solubility A vaporpressure>temperature.

1.'9.*. Conduct several physical measurements o# interest to local industry including setting up theapparatus per#orming the calibration running test materials calculating results and returning theapparatus to wor&ing condition #or the ne4t test.

1.!0. Analytical methods1.':.1. Identi#y the speci#ic sections o# a standard method including scope e0uipment sa#ety

considerations calibration method precision accuracy repeatability and reproducibility.1.':.$. Conduct a company re#erence method and determine the accuracy and precision e4pected.

1.%2. -btainin# samples $or measurement1.;.1. State reasons why collecting representative samples is re0uired.1.;.$. abel samples according to sa#ety>health and environmental (S>?>3) guidelines.1.;.'. State reasons why samples must be homogeneous #or analysis and use a variety o#

e0uipment to assure homogeneity.1.;.. ocate continuous and periodic sampling points on process diagrams.

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1.;.*. Identi#y a variety o# sampling devices used in either continuous or batch processes andidenti#y the speci#ic use o# each one.

1.;.,. or the reaction #or which the solution will be used (acidbase and redo4titrations).

1.$.,. Prepare solutions o# re0uired normality molarity and molality #or a variety o# measurements.1.$.-. Standardi+e solutions o# &nown concentrations (normal molar and molal) using appropriate

primary standards.

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1.$.9. ollow a lab method to per#orm various titrations (acidbase comple4ometric precipitationredo4 etc.).

1.$.:. Per#orm various titrations using autotitrators.

1.%!. Analytical instrumentation1.'.1. Describe the application o# the #ollowing instruments in a plant laboratory@A in#rared (I

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