After the river valley era, a number of classical civilizations developed in the Mediterranean and...
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GEOGRAPHY of GREECE
After the river valley era, a number of classical civilizations developed in the Mediterranean and in Asia Classic cultures created high levels of achievement
After the river valley era, a number of classical civilizations
developed in the Mediterranean and in Asia Classic cultures created
high levels of achievement in art, science, & technology that
impacted future ages The first major classical civilization was
ancient Greece
Slide 4
Sunny Greece is 1,500 miles from England. Its capital city is
Athens
Slide 5
You will be shown 4 pictures of Greece. Study each picture and
then write down what predictions you can make about life in Greece.
Think about: geography, culture, economic activities, etc
Slide 6
Mt. Olympus- 2,917 Feet
Slide 7
Greece includes more than 1500 islands (Crete being the
largest)
Slide 8
What type of Geographic feature is Greece?
Slide 9
Slide 10
Greece is located on the Balkan peninsula in the Mediterranean
Sea. It is comparable to the size of Louisiana. A piece of land
that is bordered by water on three sides, but connected to
mainland
Slide 11
Slide 12
Seas Surrounding Greece 1.Aegean Sea is to the East of Greece.
2.Ionian Sea to the West of Greece (in between Greece and Italy)
3.Mediterranean Sea to the South of Greece. Due to Greece being a
peninsula, It has long coastlines and many bays which were good for
trading.
Slide 13
Avg. temperature: 48 winter 80 summer Many important activities
took place outside because of the ideal temperatures. Examples:
political meetings, discussions about public issues, exchange news,
etc
Slide 14
Most people lived along the coast for 2 major reasons: Rich
Soil & Mild Climate helped with farming and raising
animals.
Slide 15
FARMING Hills were used to Raise animals The main crops were
grapes and olives. Olive oil was traded for other Products. Greece
had dry climate.
Slide 16
The Seas Around Greece TThe Seas were used for: Transportation
Communication Trade Due to this GGreeks became skilled shipbuilders
and sailors. AAs the Greeks traveled, they found sources of food
and other products they needed to survive. Ships sailed to Asia
Minor, to Egypt, and to the islands of the Mediterranean and Aegean
seas.
Slide 17
They controlled trade with all islands in the Aegean Sea &
cities on Ionian Sea, Syria and Egypt. What happens when you trade
with a different country? CULTURALDIFFUSION
Slide 18
What is Cultural Diffusion? The spreading of ideas, knowledge
and technology across cultures.
Slide 19
Rugged mountains cover 75% of the land The mountains divided
the people of Greece. This Made unification difficult Regions
developed into small, independent communities called city-states.
Each City-State had its own government.
Slide 20
Slide 21
Mt. Olympus- 2,917 Feet Greeks believed that the gods and
goddesses lived on Mount Olympus. In Ancient Greece daily life
focused on keeping their many gods and goddesses happy.
Slide 22
What are the advantages and disadvantages of living in
mountainous Land? Disadvantages: 1. physically isolated 2.
communication difficult 3. travel was rare
Slide 23
2.2 min videos https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GnoNc6HVQnk
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Aac8m8qGmn0
Slide 24
How did the geographic features and cultural diffusion affect
the development of the Greek civilizations?
Slide 25
What major economic activity developed in Greece as a result of
its geographic features? Trade helped to spread Greek ideas. Greeks
got the alphabet and coins from other civilizations.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5FVpL4ma
8nQ&index=16&list=PLB2A577C864EEFFD0
Slide 26
Geography Shapes Greek Life BACKGROUND: In ancient times,
Greece was not a united country. It was a collection of separate
lands where Greek-speaking people lived. By 2000 BCE, the Minoans
lived on the large Greek island of Crete. The Minoans created an
elegant civilization that had great power in the Mediterranean
world. At the same time, Indo-European peoples migrated from the
plains along the Black Sea and Anatolia. The Indo-Europeans settled
in mainland Greece. Seaborne commercial networks spread ideas as
well as resources throughout the eastern Mediterranean. Ancient
Greece consisted mainly of a mountainous peninsula jutting out into
the Mediterranean Sea. It also included approximately 1,400 islands
in the Aegean and Ionian seas. Lands on the western coast of
Anatolia were also part of ancient Greece. The regions physical
geography directly shaped Greek traditions and customs.
Slide 27
THE SEA: The sea shaped Greek civilization just as rivers
shaped the ancient civilizations of Egypt and the Fertile Crescent.
In one sense, the Greeks did not live on a land, but AROUND a sea.
Greeks rarely traveled more than 85 miles to reach the coastline.
The Aegean Sea, the Ionian Sea, and the neighboring Black Sea were
important transportation routes for the Greek people. These liquid
highways linked most parts of Greece. As the Greeks became skilled
sailors, sea travel also connected Greece with other societies. Sea
travel and trade were also important because Greece itself was poor
in natural resources. Greece lacked timber, precious metals, and
usable farmland.
Slide 28
THE LAND: Rugged mountains covered about three-fourths of
ancient Greece. Mountains divided the land into a number of
different regions. The mountain chains ran mainly from northwest to
southeast along the Balkan peninsula. They significantly influenced
Greek political life. Unlike the Egyptians or the Chinese, it was
difficult to unite the ancient Greeks under a single government.
Greece developed small, independent communities within each little
valley and its surrounding mountains. Most Greeks gave their
loyalty to these local communities. In ancient times, the uneven
terrain also made land transportation difficult. Early Greek roads
were little more than dirt paths. For example, the city-state of
Sparta was only about 60 miles from Olympia, the site of the
Olympic Games. Yet it took Spartans almost seven days to travel
that distance.
Slide 29
LAND CONT: Much of the land itself was stony and only a small
part of it approximately 20 percentwas arable, or suitable for
farming. Tiny but fertile valleys covered about one-fourth of
Greece. The small streams that watered these valleys were not
suitable for large-scale irrigation projects. With so little
fertile farmland or fresh water for irrigation, Greece was never
able to support a large population. It is estimated that no more
than a few million people lived in ancient Greece at any given
time. Even this small population couldnt expect the land to support
a life of luxury. As a result, the Greeks based their diet on basic
staple crops such as grains, grapes, and olives. A desire for more
living space, grassland for raising livestock, and adequate
farmland may have been factors that motivated the Greeks to seek
new sites for colonies.
Slide 30
THE CLIMATE: Climate was the third important environmental
influence on Greek civilization. Greece has a varied climate with
temperatures averaging 48 degrees Fahrenheit in the winter and 80
degrees Fahrenheit in the summer. In ancient times, these moderate
temperatures supported an outdoor life for many Greek citizens. Men
spent much of their leisure time at outdoor public events. They met
often to discuss public issues, exchange news, and take an active
part in civic life.
Slide 31
The Lincoln Memorial was designed after the temples of ancient
Greece. who knew?
Slide 32
Land Able to exchange ideas with other cultures (cultural
diffusion) Fishing: (source of food) Trading: wine, olive oil and
wool Jobs: traders, sailors, & ship builders. Mountains made
transportation and communication very challenging (small,
independent city-states developed) Limited population growth,
isolation. Poor food production (little farmland) Grew grains,
grapes, olives Sea Greek life was centered around the outdoors
open-air Temples and gymnasiums. Moderate climate
Slide 33
Fact 1 : The mainland of Greece was cut up by short mountain
ranges and had no major rivers. Impact: Fact 2: The Greek mainland
and islands were close to the sea, and the Greeks had many good
harbors. The long coastline brought every part of the mainland
close to the sea. Impact: Fact 3: Greece Geography was diverse
allowing for various economic activities. Fertile Soil along Coast
Rocky Plains Rugged Mountains Flat Plains Impact:
Slide 34
Fact 1: The mainland of Greece was cut up by short mountain
ranges and had no major rivers. Impact: Difficult for the people to
develop a sense of unity. Interaction & Communication limited
because blocked by mountains. No rivers to provide transportation
or trade. Many small city-states developed.
Slide 35
Fact 2: The Greek mainland and islands were close to the sea,
and the Greeks had many good harbors. The long coastline brought
every part of the mainland close to the sea. Impact: Trade and
cultural exchange easier. Greeks became skilled fishermen, sailors,
and traders. Unity increased due to interaction, communication and
trade. (cultural diffusion) Trade increased bring more goods and
money to Greece.
Slide 36
Fact 3: Greece Geography was diverse allowing for various
economic activities. Fertile Soil along Coast Rocky Plains Rugged
Mountains Flat Plains Impact: Greeks grew grapes and olives that
were indigenous to the area. herded sheep on the steep
mountainsides became fishermen, sailors, ship builders Traded wine,
olive oil and wool for other products needed to survive. Pottery
was created to transport the wine and olive oil and became an
integral part of Greek culture
Slide 37
Thats all folks!!
Slide 38
1. What continent is Greece located on? a. Asia b. Europe c.
Africa d. Australia 2.The mainland of Greece best represents what
physical landform? a. An island b. A mountain c. A peninsula d. A
coastal plain 3.Which of the following bodies of water are not
surrounding Greece? a. Aegean Sea b. Ionian Sea c. Red Sea d.
Mediterranean Sea 4.What type of land in Greece was best for
farming? a.Mountains b.Valleys c.Coastal plains d.The mainland
Slide 39
1.Why was it difficult to farm in ancient Greece? 2.Why did the
Greeks depend heavily on trade? 3.List two geographic features and
their effects on the Greeks. 4.Why did the ancient Greeks never
develop a unified system of government? Dont forget your name 1 st
and last