Age of Exploration and Isolation

Ch. 3 Notes

3.1

Early Expeditions

Crusaders

Marco Polo

For God, Gold, and Glory

• Muslims and Italians controlled trade from East to West

• Other European nations wanted to bypass these powers

Portugal Leads the way with Prince Henry- Navigation School

Caravel ship

New Technology

Astrolabe

Magnetic compass

Bartolome Dias- Tip of Africa

Vasco da Gama- India

Spanish Expedition- Columbus

Line of Demarcation/ Treaty of Tordesillas Spain

explored west of line. Portugal explored east of line.

Portugal took over the spice trade

Spice Islands- Malacca

Ferdinand Magellan landed in the Philippines and Spain settled

Spice Islands

• English and Dutch challenged Portugal for the Indian Ocean trade

• Both- East India Company

• Dutch – victorious

China Limits European Contacts 3.2

Powerful China- Ming Dynasty • Vassal states paid tribute

• Hongwu- Confucian moral standards

Chinese superiority• Yonglo- moved the court to Beijing

• Launched 7 voyages of exploration

• Gave gifts of silver and silk

• Set up 3 trading post to sell silk and ceramics

•Mainly agricultural country

•Ming Dynasty ruled for 200 years

Manchus invaded China • Qing Dynasty

• Ruled over 260 years and expanded the borders

• Traded with Dutch- silk, porcelain, and tea

• China- population explosion

Japan Returns to Isolation3.3

Civil war in Japan, 1467

• Shoguns- military leaders

• Daimyo- became lords; fought each other for territory

• Samurai- offered protection

Japan Unified

• Oda Nobunaga - tried to unify Japan

• Toyotomi Hideyoshi - invaded Korea

• Leyasu- unified Japan; moved capital to Edo (Tokyo)

Society of Tokugawa

1. Emperor -figure head

2. Shogun- actual ruler

3. Daimyo and Samurai warriors

4. Peasants and artisans

5. Merchants

Influence from the Outside

• Shipwrecked Portuguese sailors- 1543

• Japanese bought muskets and cannons

• Christian missionaries- converted about 300,000

• Missionaries banned because they interfered with politics and beliefs

• Forced to Buddhism

• Closed country policy 1639

Haiku

• Poetry presents images not ideas

• 5-7-5 syllabus

• Ex. On a journey, ailing

My dreams roam about

Ov3r a withered moat by Matsuo Basho

Sample Nature Haikus

• An afternoon breezeexpels cold air, along withthe fallen brown leaves.

• Cherry blossoms bloom,softly falling from the tree,explode into night.