Agenda. Review What role did the abolition of slavery and the continued growth of British overseas trade play in the immigration to the Caribbean and

Agenda

Review

• What role did the abolition of slavery and the continued growth of British overseas trade play in the immigration to the Caribbean and elsewhere of peoples from Africa, India, and Asia?

Unit 5: Industrialization and Global Integration (1750 – 1900)

ESSENTIAL LEARNING: THE NEW IMPERIALISM (1869-1914)

Objectives

• Evaluate what motivated the industrial nations to conquer new territories.

• Describe the means used by industrial nations to conquer new territories.

Essential Questions

• What motivated the industrial nations to conquer new territories?

• What were the means used by industrial nations to conquer new territories?

Target: Motives and Methods

• Land grab in Africa, Central Asia, SE Asia, and the Pacific.

• Raw materials and new markets.

• Motives – – Political – status competition– Cultural – “White Man’s Burden” – Economic• Raw materials for industrialization.• Mid-1870s-mid-1890s depression• Fewer business opportunities.

• Tools of the Imperialists– Shipping– Gunboats– Quinine – malaria vaccine.– New firearms (1860s and 1870s)

• Colonial Agents and Administration– Colonialism – administering and exploiting

colonies for the benefit of the home country.– Important factor – presence or absence of

European settlers.

– Initially needed indigenous elite cooperation.– Women seldom took part in early colonial

expansion.

Essential Questions



Agenda

Review





Objectives

• Evaluate why imperialists were drawn to the natural resources of Africa and how their presence on that continent changed the environment.

Essential Questions

• Why were imperialists drawn to the natural resources of Africa and how did their presence on that continent change the environment?

Map 28-1, p. 745

Target: The Scramble for Africa

• Egypt– Borrowed from European creditors to modernize.– British intervention in 1882.– Cotton enriched small elite, peasants struggled.– Western ways vs. Islam.– 1890s – politicians and intellectuals wanted the

British out.

Fig. 28-CO, p. 738

• Western and Equatorial Africa– Events sparked the Berlin Conference (1884 and

1885).• Occupation and troops.• Leopold II (Belgium) – “Congo Free State”• France and Portugal – most of the rest of equatorial

Africa.

– New rulers used West African trading networks.• Interior lagged behind.

– Equatorial Africa – few inhabitants, little trade.• Land given to private companies.

– Forced Africans to produce cash crops.– Congo Free State abuses – rubber boom.

p. 753

• Southern Africa– Afrikaners moved inland throughout the 19th

century.– British prospectors and settlers, Indians.– Pastures and farmland, mineral deposits.

– South African War (1899-1902)• British won, European settlers managed affairs.• 1910 – Union of South Africa.• Natives Land Act – Africans (majority) on reservations.• Segregation and oppression.

• Political and Social Consequences– Some saw invaders as allies.– Some fought.– Most tried living as before.– Disruptive changes in landholding

– Colonial rulers interested in African labor.• Taxes and jobs offered.• Migrant workers.

– Prostitution and spread of STDs.

– African women• Some welcomed colonial rule, others were led into

captivity.

• Cultural Responses– Western ideas of justice and progress through

missionary schools.– Many adapted Christianity to African values and

customs.– Christianity made no inroads among Muslims.

Essential Questions


Agenda

Review




Objectives

• Describe the social and cultural effects of imperialism in Asia.

Essential Questions

• What were the social and cultural effects of imperialism in Asia?

Map 28-2, p. 754

Target: Imperialism in Asia and the Pacific

• Central Asia– 1865-1876: Russian forces in Central Asia.• Abolished slavery, built railroads.• Did not change customs.

• Southeast Asia and Indonesia– Fertile soil, warmth, heavy rains, gardening,

irrigation, terracing.– Europeans imported laborers from China and

India.

– Transfer of commercially valuable plants from other parts of the world.

– Most wealth to Europe and N. America.• In exchange – peace, reliable food supply.

– Population increased.

• Social changes– Hunters and gatherers were displaced.– Immigrants changed ethnic composition.– Islam spread more successfully than Christianity.– Education and European ideas = nationalism.

Essential Questions


Agenda

Review



ESSENTIAL LEARNING: THE NEW NEW IMPERIALISM (1869-1914)

Objectives

• Identify the economic motives behind imperialism in Latin America.

Essential Questions

• What were the economic motives behind imperialism in Latin America?

Target: Imperialism in Latin America

• Nations in the Americas followed two paths.– Canada and the US – industrialized, wealthy.– Latin America and the Caribbean – exported raw

materials, imported manufactured goods.• Free-trade imperialism – legally independent, but

economically dependent on a strong nation.

• Railroads and the Imperialism of Free Trade– Agriculture and mining– 1870s and on – almost every Latin American

country had railroads.

Essential Questions


Agenda

Review




Objectives

• Evaluate how imperialism contributed to the growth and globalization of the world economy.

Essential Questions

• How did imperialism contribute to the growth and globalization of the world economy?

Map 28-3, p. 760

Target: The World Economy and the Global Environment

• Expansion of the World Economy– Imperialists brought territories into the world

market.

• Transportation– Suez and Panama Canals.– Steamships, railroads.

• Transformation of the Global Environment– Economic botany and agricultural science.– Forests became farms and plantations.

– Growing populations put pressure on land.– Irrigation.– Railroads – land and resources– Mines – runoff poisoned water.

Essential Questions

• How did imperialism contribute to the growth and globalization of the world economy?

Documents

Agenda. Review What role did the abolition of slavery and the continued growth of British overseas trade play in the immigration to the Caribbean and