Slavery and AbolitionAn Overview

Origins

Slavery was not an institution created in the United States, It’s roots go back more than 2 millennium. It has footprints in most Ancient civilizations.

Egypt Greece The Roman Empire China Pre-Columbian Societies in the

Americas

The Colonies The earliest slaves were White indentured

servants from England As the Colonies grew and agricultural

production increased indentured servants were not enough and the African slave trade took hold

Slavery was legal in all the Colonies except Georgia until 1751 when it was the last to legalize the practice

The Plantation System developing in the South was a major force behind the booming slave trade.

SlavesSlavery as an institution crossed races, gender, and ages with children and the elderly used as slaves Slavery is mainly associated with the African

captives brought to the U.S. and constitutes the vast majority of slaves.

White people were also slaves, though the term used for most of these was indentured servants

During the Western gold rush Asians were slaves used mainly for prostitution and dangerous labor

Abolitionists Frederick Douglass

Abolitionists were those people, both black and white, man and woman, and Northerner or Southerner who believed that Slavery should be ended and worked to do so

Radical Abolitionists felt the same way but used extreme measures in their fight to free the slaves.

Men William Lloyd

Garrison

William Lloyd Garrison Creator of the American Anti-Slavery Society and Publisher of

the Liberator. Had a $5000 bounty placed on his head by Georgia Legislature

William Still Known as the father of the Underground Railroad he

helped scores of slaves to freedom and kept records on all those he helped

John Brown Radical Abolitionist famous for his raid on Harpers Ferry

West Virginia. Was sentenced to death Frederick Douglass

Noted orator and escaped slave, he was an avid believer in equality for all people: black, White, Native American, Asian, new immigrants, and women. He is among the most famous abolitionists

WomenWomen Abolitionists had a large part in fighting for the end to slavery

Harriet Tubman

Notable Names Susan B. Anthony

Sojourner Truth An escaped slave herself she helped recruit black soldiers

for the Union Army Lucretia Mott

A Quaker minister who made her home a stop on the Underground Railroad

Susan B. Anthony Better known for her connections to women's suffrage,

she was also a staunch advocate of Abolition Lucy Stone

Organizer of the American Anti-Slavery Society in Boston who taught escaped slave to read and write.

Harriet Tubman An escaped slave, known as Moses for her visions from

God, she made multiple trips to the South to help escaping slaves

Documents The Fugitive Slave Act of 1850

Was part of a compromise between Southern Slave Owners and Northern Free- Soilers requiring escaped slaves to be returned to their owners.

The Emancipation Proclamation An Executive Order issued by Abraham

Lincoln on January 1st, 1863 proclaiming all slaves in Confederate territory free

The 13th Amendment Passed on April 8th, 1864 this Amendment to

the Constitution officially outlawed slavery in the United States

Civil War

California Connecticut Illinois Indiana Iowa Kansas Maine Massachusetts Michigan Minnesota New Hampshire New Jersey New York Ohio Oregon Pennsylvania Rhode Island Vermont Wisconsin

Union

These States remained loyal to President Abraham Lincoln.

Border States Border States were those who had

slaves but remained loyal to the Union. Maryland Delaware Kentucky Missouri

Alabama

Georgia

Louisiana

Mississippi

South Carolina Tennessee Texas Virginia Florida North Carolina Arkansas

Confederacy

These states seceded from the Union electing Jefferson Davis as President.

InternationalMany people of different ethnicities and cultural backgrounds participated in the American Civil War.

Hispanic Heritage David

Farragut

Many Hispanic people played roles in the Civil War for both the Union and Confederacy

Admiral David Farragut fought in the Union Navy and stated the famous line, “Damn the torpedoes, full speed ahead”

The Garibaldi Guard bough in the Union Army and had members from many European Countries including Spain and Portugal

Corporal Joseph DeCastro was the first ever Hispanic to win the Medal of Honor for Valor at the Battle of Gettysburg

Loreta Janeta Velazquez was a 19-year old Cuban woman who fought for the Confederacy at Bull Run and Shiloh disguised as a man.

Asians Joseph

Pierce

Though most Asians in the U.S. were found in the Western part of the country there were a handful who fought in the Civil War on both sides.

Joseph Pierce was brought to the U.S. from China by his adopted father and was a veteran of Gettysburg and Antietam

Stephen and Christopher Bunker were children of Siamese descent who fought for the Confederacy