Airborne Sunphotometry and Closure StudiesAirborne Sunphotometry and Closure Studies during the during the

SAFARI-2000 Dry Season Campaign SAFARI-2000 Dry Season Campaign

B. Schmid BAER/NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, CA, USAP. B. Russell NASA Ames Research Center P. Pilewskie NASA Ames Research Center J. Redemann BAER/NASA Ames Research Center J. M. Livingston SRI International, Menlo Park, CA, USA P. V. Hobbs University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USAE. J. Welton GEST/NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, USAJ. Campbell SSAI/NASA Goddard Space Flight Center B. N. Holben NASA Goddard Space Flight Center M. McGill NASA Goddard Space Flight Center

Also Appearing:A. Chu NASA Goddard Space Flight Center L. A. Remer NASA Goddard Space Flight Center O. Torres JCET-UMBC/NASA Goddard Space Flight Center D. L. Hlavka SSAI/NASA Goddard Space Flight Center

SAFARI 2000 dry-season airborne campaign Aug 13-Sep 25, 2000• 9 Southern African nations• 6 research aircraft• Satellite overpasses• Ground-based measurement teams• Here we discuss:

coordinated observations of the evolution of massive, thick haze layers produced by biomass burning, industrial emissions, marine and biogenic sources.

The Southern African Regional Science Initiative - SAFARI 2000 - is an international science initiative aimed at developing a better understanding of the southern African earth-atmosphere-human system.

Ozone Column, Absorbing Aerosol Index, Aerosol Optical Depth (380 nm), Single Scatter Albedo (380 nm)

MODIS Moderate-resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer

• over water (AOD at 6 wavelengths +1 extrapolated, some size characteristics)• over land (AOD at 2 wavelengths + 1 interpolated)

Aerosol Optical Depth over water and land (0.557 m), aerosol type

Aerosol retrieval from satellites in SAFARI-2000

NASA AmesSpectral Solar Flux Radiometer (SSFR)

• Up und downwelling flux• 300-1700 nm, Resolution 8-12 nm, 1Hz• On CV-580, ER-2 and Skukuza ground-site

• Aerosol extinction profiles532 and 1064 nm

UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON CV-58031 Flights (120 hours) during SAFARI-2000

NASA Ames Airborne Tracking14-Channel Sunphotometer (AATS-14)

• Aerosol Optical Depth/Extinction (354-1558 nm, 12 wavelengths)• Water Vapor Column/Density• 24 data flights on CV-580

Cimel Sun/sky radiometers• ~20 Southern African sites during SAFARI-2000• Aerosol Optical Depth at 7 wavelengths • Size Distributions• Single Scatter Albedo Micro Pulse Lidar

• 2 sites during SAFARI-2000• Aerosol Extinction Profiles 523 nm

•Compare AATS-14 with Cimel during low level run near Mongu

•Vertical profile AATS-14 near Mongu

•Vertical profile AATS-14 near Maun under TOMS

Aerosol height=5.185 km

SSA=0.956

•Comparison AATS-14 with Cimel and MODIS on Terra

•Flux from SSFR

Spectral Solar Flux Radiometer (SSFR)on CV-580 over Inhaca Island, Aug 24, 2000

Flux Divergence (=Absorption)

Net Flux (down-up)

Layer Depth 2.7 kmLayer AOD at 500 nm=0.24 (from AATS-14)

•AATS-14 Aerosol and H2O profile

•Comparison with Cimel

•Comparison with MPL

•Comparison with CPL on ER-2

25 km

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5:30 6:00 6:30 7:00 7:30 8:00 8:30 9:00 9:30 10:00 10:30 11:00 11:30 12:00 12:30 13:00UT

Aer

osol

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ical

Dep

th

340 nm380 nm440 nm500 nm670 nm870 nm

1020 nm

Skukuza 8/22/2000, Aeronet Cimel (Level 1.5 Data)

start descent end descent

AOD Profile Comparison at Skukuza on Aug 22, 2000

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AOD

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)AATS-14 AOD (525 nm)AATS-14 AOD (1020 nm)CPL AOD (532nm)CPL AOD (1064 nm)MPL AOD (524nm)

Extinction Profile Comparison Skukuza Aug 22, 2000

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Extinction (1/km)

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tude

(km

)AATS-14 Extinction (525 nm)AATS-14 Extinction (1020 nm)CPL Extinction (532nm)CPL Extinction (1064nm)MPL Extinction (524nm)

Conclusions/Outlook

Instruments # cases done

Comment # cases to do

AATS-14 Aeronet 3 Good agreement ~17

AATS-14 MPL-Net 1 Good agreement 4

AATS-14 CV-580 in-situ aerosol data

0 Closure analysis <24

AATS-14 CV-580 SSFR 2 Aerosol Absorption, Radiative Forcing

?

AATS-14 ER-2 MAS 0 7

AATS-14 ER-2 AirMISR 0 7

AATS-14 ER-2 CPL 1 Good agreement 6

AATS-14 MISR 0 12

AATS-14 MODIS 3 Good agreement over water

9

AATS-14 TOMS 1 Reasonable agreement 0