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© 2010 IBM Corporation
© 2008 IBM Corporation
AIX:The Future of UNIX
Brought to you byEssex Technology Group, Inc.201 West Passaic StreetRochelle Park NJ 07662www.essextec.com
© 2010 IBM Corporation
IBM Power Systems
2
As the world gets smarter, infrastructure demands will grow
Smart traffic
systems
Smart water management
Smart energy grids
Smart healthcare
Smart food
systems
Intelligent oil field
technologies
Smart regions
Smart weather
Smart countries
Smart supply chains
Smart cities
Smart retail
© 2010 IBM Corporation
IBM Power Systems
3
Consolidating with AIX on Power Systems enables clients to…
Server consolidation improves service to clients by delivering flexible performance, dynamic provisioning and enabling clients to avoid disruption
Server consolidation with shared resources enables high system utilization, which lowers the cost of ownership by reducing networking, energy, floor space, and software costs.
REDUCE COST
IMPROVE SERVICE
MANAGE RISK
Server consolidation manages IT risk by improving security, increasing business resiliency and simplifying operations.
AIX, Power™ Systems and PowerVM™ are designed to deliver effective consolidation in the most demanding data
centers
© 2010 IBM Corporation
IBM Power Systems
4
Winn-DixieStrengthening the infrastructure with an IBM consolidation solution
Business challenge:
Winn-Dixie, a Jacksonville, Florida-based grocery chain based with more than 600 retail locations throughout the southeastern U.S., needed a cost-effective and easily managed solution to replace its aging distributed IT infrastructure and quickly enable disaster recovery.
Solution:
The solution consolidated more than 600 stand-alone servers at individual grocery stores into a centralized data center at Winn Dixie headquarters using IBM AIX® and IBM PowerVM™ virtualization technologies to support 16 stores on a single IBM BladeCenter® JS22 blade server, mirrored to a nearby facility as well as to a remote disaster recovery location.
Benefits:
Redirected $5 million capital cost savings to store remodelling
Improved application performance by 5 to 10 times, enabling better service
Reduced disaster recovery time from days to hours
“We thought the IBM solution gave us the most flexibility not only for now, but going forward. It accommodated our existing application portfolio while providing a very rich upgrade path in our infrastructure.”
– Barry Kirk, director of architecture, Winn-Dixie
Solution components: IBM BladeCenter® JS22
blades in IBM BladeCenter H
IBM PowerVM™
IBM AIX®
POP03046-USEN-00
© 2010 IBM Corporation
IBM Power Systems
5
Baylor College of Medicine improves performance and sets the stage for an SAP upgrade with IBM serversBusiness challenge:
When Baylor College of Medicine (Baylor) decided to build a new hospital, it also planned to upgrade its existing data center in order to ease space constraints and replace end-of-life Sun servers. It needed a smooth migration that would provide uninterrupted access to its SAP ERP system and other supporting systems.
Solution:
Baylor engaged IBM Premier Business Partner Mark III and brought in the IBM Migration Factory team to provide the transition of workloads from 32 legacy Sun servers onto three IBM Power™ 570 servers, running the IBM AIX® operating system. IBM Migration Factory performed the server consolidation and migration of Baylor’s software applications from the old Sun hardware platform to the new IBM platform.
Benefits: Achieves a 60 percent reduction in rack space footprint and
better than 40 percent savings in both cooling and power
Improves overall performance by 30 percent
Improves payroll processing time by 213 percent
“Nobody else had as eloquent and simple a design as IBM did. They also offered very cost-effective solutions.”
— Al Reineking, executive director of IT operations
and technical services, Baylor College of Medicine
Solution components: SAP ERP
IBM Migration Factory
IBM Power 570
© 2010 IBM Corporation
IBM Power Systems
6
The Coca-Cola Bottling Company of EgyptIBM enables growth with powerful, scalable solutions
Business Challenge:
The Coca-Cola Bottling Company of Egypt’s hardware infrastructure hosted their enterprise resource planning system, Oracle E-Business Suite. As they grew and added modules, server performance failed to meet business needs. They needed to implement a high performance, scalable infrastructure, including a centralized storage system.
Solution:
The company implemented two IBM Power™ 570 servers — one each for the main site and the remote site — both running IBM AIX®. They implemented IBM PowerVM™ Dynamic Logical Partitioning and Micro-Partitioning to minimize server administration and to minimize the number of processors needed. They also implemented IBM System Storage™ DS4800.
Benefits: Improves performance while reducing the number of
processors from 16 to 7 Reduces risk and reduces the number of servers needed
for disaster recovery Increases server utilization by 35 percent and supports 71
percent more users
“Our new IBM infrastructure provides us with improved performance, availability and scalability to manage our growth.”
— The Coca-Cola Bottling Company of Egypt
Solution Components: IBM Power 570
IBM AIX
IBM PowerVM Dynamic Logical Partitioning and Micro Partitioning
IBM System Storage DS4800
MUP03005-USEN-00
© 2010 IBM Corporation
IBM Power Systems
7
University of Pittsburgh Medical Center (UPMC) Rewriting the rules on IT investment to facilitate tomorrow’s healthcare innovations Business ChallengeUPMC, Pennsylvania’s largest integrated healthcare delivery network, sought to lower the cost and complexity of IT infrastructure to enable the continued investment in next-generation clinical systems and to lay the foundation for the best possible patient care.
SolutionNow in the middle of a landmark, 8-year strategic partnership with IBM, UPMC is transforming its systems through consolidation, standardization and virtualization. Relying on IBM products and services, the mid-stream effort has already resulted in the reduction of hundreds of servers across the UPMC network and achieved more than a quantum improvement in resource efficiency. It has fundamentally changed the link between processing and resource needs — enabling it to meet an ambitious clinical agenda with a far lower rate of IT investment growth.
Benefits $30 million in capital and operating cost reductions 150 percent increase in processing capacity with no increase
in IT support costs 40 percent reduction in IT infrastructure floor space requirements,
freeing up space for revenue generating services 67 percent reduction in number of physical servers
“ Considering that IBM and UPMC are only midway through this trans-formation project, the results have been impressive. We have already proven that standardization, along with aggressive implementation of virtualization, yields unprecedented productivity and efficiency.”
– Paul Sikora, VP of IT Transformation, UPMC
Solution Components IBM BladeCenter® IBM Component Infrastructure Roadmap IBM Global Technology Services IBM Healthcare and Life Sciences IBM Research IBM STG Services IBM SWG Services IBM System p, System x, System z IBM Tivoli® product suite IBM TotalStorage® Enterprise Storage IBM WebSphere Business Integration IBM WebSphere® Application Server
© 2008 IBM Corporation
© 2010 IBM Corporation
IBM Power Systems
8
IBM Power Systems Success Stories
Power technologies provide real business value
Annual savings of over $500,000 + accelerated new services deployment from 1 month to 2 days
Reduced application downtime + increased flexibility to dynamically scale and
change workload capacity
Fewer processor cores than previous Sun servers reduced software and
management costs + PowerVM simplified the effort to deploy or scale new services
Consolidated and virtualized 76 servers to 6 – reducing complexity and total cost of ownership
of global IT infrastructure
© 2010 IBM Corporation
IBM Power Systems
9
IBM’S 10-year march to UNIX leadership
15%
20%
25%
30%
35%
40%
45%
HP Sun IBM
UNIX Server Rolling Four Quarter Average Revenue Share
POWER4Dynamic LPARs
POWER6Live Partition Mobility
POWER5Micro-Partitioning
POWER7Workload Optimized Leadership
dot.com bubbleburst
global economic recession
…the largest shift of customer spending in UNIX history
© 2010 IBM Corporation
IBM Power Systems
10
Why AIX is the Premier UNIX® Platform Today
Strong, stable, non-disruptive roadmap
Improved Efficiency through Virtualization
Outstanding Performance
Innovation through integrated Development
© 2010 IBM Corporation
IBM Power Systems
12
Network CentricComputing
AIX V2 & V3 Establishment in the market:- RISC Support- UNIX credibility- Open Sys.
Stds..- Dynamic Kernel- JFS and LVM- SMIT
AIX V3.2.5Maturity:- Stability- Quality
AIX V4.1/4.2SMP Scalability:- POWERPC spt.- 4-8 way SMP- Kernel Threads- Client/Server
pkg- NFS V3- CDE - UNIX95 branded- NIM- > 2GB
filesystems- HACMP
Clustering- POSIX 1003.1,
1003.2, XPG4- Runtime Linking - Java 1.1.2
AIX V4.3 Higher levels of
scalability:- 24-way SMP- 64-bit HW
support- 96 GB memory- UNIX98 branded- TCP/IP V6- IPsec- Web Sys. Mgr.- LDAP Dir.
Server. - Workload Mgr- Java JDT/JIT- Direct I/O- Alt. Disk Install- Exp/Bonus CDs
Distributed Client-Server
1986-1992 1994-1996 1997-1999
Flexible Resource Management:
- POWER4+ spt.- Dynamic LPAR- Dynamic CUoD- New 64bit kernel- 512GB mem- JFS2 - 16 TB
filesystems- UNIX03 branded- Concurrent I/O- MultiPath I/O- Flex LDAP
Client- XSSO PAM spt
e-Business Computing
Open Systems Workstations
AIX Evolution – Over Twenty years of Progress
AIX/6000
Uni-processor 4-8 way SMP 24-way SMP 32-way SMP
AIX 7Future of UNIX:- 256 core/1024
tread scalability- POWER7
Exploitation- Domain based
RBAC- AIX Profile
Manager- WPAR
enhancements- AIX 5.2 in a
WPAR- PowerVM
virtualized storage
- LVM SSD support
- Terabyte segment
2010
On DemandBusiness
2001-2002
64/256-way SMT
AIX 5L V5.3 Advanced Virtualization:- POWER5 support- 64-way SMP- SMT-
MicroPartitions™- Virt I/O Server- Partition Load
Mgr- NFS Version 4- Adv. Accounting- Scaleable VG- JFS2 Shrink- SUMA - SW RAS features- POSIX Realtime
2004-2005
AIX 5L V5.1/5.2
SmarterPlanet
2007
AIX 6 Enterprise RAS:- POWER6
support- Workload
Partitions- Application
Mobility- Continuous Avail.- Storage Keys - Dynamic tracing- Software FFDC- Recovery Rtns- Concurrent MX- Trusted AIX- RBAC- Encrypting JFS2- AIX Security
Expert- Director ConsoleNew Enterprise
Data Center 1024-way SMT4
© 2010 IBM Corporation
IBM Power Systems
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PowerVM Virtualization Architecture
Networks and network storage
On demandresources
Power Hypervisor
Serviceprocessor
Processors
Memory
Linuxpartitions
Virtual Network
AIXDedicatedpartitions
Expansion slots
Virtual processors Virtual adapters
Local devices & storage
Workload management and provisioning
WPAR
WPAR
WPAR
VirtualI/O
serverVirtual
network&
storageSLICLinux
kernels
AIX Shared partitions
AIXkernels
VirtualI/O
serverVirtual
network&
storage
IBM i
© 2010 IBM Corporation
IBM Power Systems
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What is new for August 2010
AIX 7– The Future of UNIX
AIX 5.2 Workload Partitions for AIX 7– A new way to consolidate older workloads on POWER7
© 2010 IBM Corporation
IBM Power Systems
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Workload-Optimizing Systems– Vertical scalability for massive workloads with up to 256 cores/1024 threads
in a single AIX partition
Virtualization without limits – Run AIX 5.2 in a WPAR to simplify consolidation of legacy environments on POWER7
Resiliency without downtime– Built in clustering to simplify configuration and management of scale-out
workloads and high availability solutions
Management with Automation– Profile based configuration management eases the management
of pools of AIX systems
AIX 7 -- The Future of UNIX
*All statements regarding IBM's future direction and intent are subject to change or withdrawal without notice, and represent goals and objectives only.
Some features require the purchase of additional software components.
© 2010 IBM Corporation
IBM Power Systems
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Moving up to AIX 7
AIX 7 runs on your existing hardware– Fully exploits POWER7 processor-based systems– Also exploits systems based on POWER4™, POWER5™, POWER6 processors
AIX 7 runs your existing applications– Current applications will continue to run – no need to recompile applications *– Even supports 32 bit applications created on AIX versions prior to AIX V5– Binary compatibility guarantee
Upgrade process– Prior upgrade tools will support upgrade to AIX 7– Clients can upgrade directly to AIX 7 from AIX 6 and AIX V5– Free upgrade for customers with Software Maintenance Agreements (SWMA)
–Upgrades are no charge within the same edition: AIX 5.3 to AIX 7 Standard edition
AIX 6 Express Edition to AIX 7 Express Edition, etc,
*See general conditions at ibm.com/systems/power/software/aix/compatibility
© 2010 IBM Corporation
IBM Power Systems
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AIX Scalability Evolution
AIX/6000
Uniprocessor
24Threads
4-8 Threads
256Threads
32-128 Threads
1024Threads
© 2010 IBM Corporation
IBM Power Systems
19
AIX 7* Hardware Enablement and Support
Terabyte Segment support– Designed to improve performance for workloads that use large amounts of memory
AIX kernel memory pinning – AIX 7 memory pinned by default to enhance performance
Hardware acceleration for Encrypting Filesystems, IPSec and Trusted Execution
– Reduce processor workload for encryption
LVM Solid State Disk Support– SSD only Volume Groups, enhancements to filemon to identify SSD candiates
Shared Memory interface to Barrier Synchronous Register– Reduce need for kernel extensions for BSR access
* These features are also available in AIX 6 Technology Level 6
© 2010 IBM Corporation
IBM Power Systems
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AIX Workload Partitions (WPAR)
WPARs are designed to save administrator work by reducing the number of AIX instances to patch
WPARs have much lower memory resource requirements: 68 MB vs 1GB for an LPAR
WPAR takes seconds to create and LPARs minutes
Application mobility much simpler to organize than LPM
Lots of WPARs on one AIX is simpler to monitor and control than monitoring across many LPARs.
Rapid cloning is easy and lets you use "disposable images" - simple to create, experiment and throw away
Virtualized AIX operating system environments within a single AIX image
Each WPAR shares the single AIX operating system
AIX 7 added the capability to run AIX 5.2 in a WPAR*
Applications and users inside a WPAR cannot affect resources outside the WPAR*
Each WPAR can have a regulated share of processor, memory and other resources
Two types of WPAR- System WPARs have separate
security and appear like a completely separate OS
- Application WPARs are manageability wrappers around a single application
Top reasons to use WPARsWhat is it?
* Requires purchase of the AIX 5.2 WPARs for AIX 7 product
NetworksDisk or NFS storage NetworksDisk or NFS storage
© 2010 IBM Corporation
IBM Power Systems
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AIX Workload Partitions can be used in LPARs
LPARAsia
LPAR LPAREMEA
LPARAmericas
VIOServer
Dedicated Processor
LPARFinance
Dedicated Processor
LPARPlanning
WPAR #1Business
Intelligence
WPAR #1MFG
WPAR #2Planning
WPAR #1eMail
WPAR #3Billing
WPAR #2Test
Micro-partition Processor Pool
POWER Hypervisor™POWER Hypervisor™
© 2010 IBM Corporation
IBM Power Systems
22
WPAR Shared Applications Enables Administrative Efficiency
WorkloadPartition
App Server#1
WorkloadPartition
Billing
WorkloadPartition
BI
Global filesystems
/
/etc
/usr application code
/opt application code (or here)
/var
/tmp
/appserver application code (or here)
System WPAR filesystems
/ r/w - unique per WPAR
/etc r/w - unique per WPAR
/usr r/o from global (typically)
/opt r/o from global (typically)
/var r/w - unique per WPAR
/tmp r/w - unique per WPAR
/appserver r/o from global
/config r/w uniq per WPAR (example)
Global FS
//etc/usr/opt/var/tmp/appsvr
WPAR FSApp Server 1
WorkloadPartition
App Server #2 Workload
PartitionWeb
Server
Application installed in Global instance and used by multiple WPARs
WPAR FSApp Server 1
//etc/var/tmp/config
//etc/var/tmp/config
NFS
AIX global Instance
© 2010 IBM Corporation
IBM Power Systems
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AIX 7 WPAR Enhancements
Export of Fibre channel adapters to WPARs – NPIV-like, but can work on any Fibre Channel adapter– Adds support for Fibre Channel tape
Kernel Extensions for WPARs– Trusted kernel extensions may be loaded by the WPAR administrator– Extensions can be only for one WPAR or for entire system
Support for VIOS disks in WPARs – VSCSI disks can be exported to a WPAR – This feature also available in AIX 6 Technology Level 6
Run AIX 5.2 inside of a Workload Partition– Consolidate older environments on POWER7 processor-based systems– Requires AIX 5.2 WPARs for AIX 7 – available separately from AIX 7
© 2010 IBM Corporation
IBM Power Systems
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Introducing: AIX 5.2 Workload Partitions for AIX 7 A new licensed program product offering that allows customers to simplify
migrating their old, AIX 5.2 workloads to POWER7– Runs on top of AIX 7 and POWER7 processor-based server
Customer value– Simplify consolidation of old workloads on new hardware– Reclaim floor space and eliminate hardware support for obsolete servers– Protects customer investment in application stacks– Offering includes phone and fix support for AIX 5.2– Enables advanced capabilities such as SMT4, Live Application Mobility and Live
Partition Mobility– Provides a way for AIX 5.2 clients to move up to POWER7
© 2010 IBM Corporation
IBM Power Systems
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AIX 5.2 WPARs for AIX 7
Client simply backs up existing legacy AIX 5.2 environment and restores into an AIX 7 WPAR
Client applications continue to run in AIX 5.2 environment with AIX 5.2 libraries
The SWMA for this offering will also provide how-to and limited defect support for the AIX 5.2 operating system
POWER7 exploitation: SMT4, VIOS, MicroPartitioning and Mobility
Managed via IBM Systems Director Workload Partitions Manager or command line
AIX 5.2 WPARs for AIX 7 will be a separately charged product built on AIX 7
*All statements regarding IBM's future direction and intent are subject to change or withdrawal without notice, and represent goals and objectives only.
Some features require the purchase of additional software components.
POWER7
AIX 5.2 VersionedEnvironment
5.2 syscall compatibility layer
AIX 7 Native Environment
AIX 7 native syscalls
WPARA
/ /var/tmp /home
WPARB
/ /var/tmp /home
WPARD
/ /var/tmp /home
WPARC
/ /var/tmp /home
AIX 7 Kernel
/usr/opt
/usr/opt /usr
/opt
mksysbbackupfrom
AIX 5.2legacysystem
© 2010 IBM Corporation
IBM Power Systems
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When to use Workload Partitions
Requirement MicroPartitions Workload Partitions
Hardware enforced Isolation
Minimal number of AIX images
Server Consolidation
Greatest Flexibility
Cross system workload management
Move workload between systems
Most efficient use of hardware resources
Run AIX V5.2 on POWER7
© 2010 IBM Corporation
IBM Power Systems
27
AIX Live Application Mobility
Can make it easier to consolidate workloads from underutilized servers
Can provide increased flexibility to manage workloads by easily moving the workload to another system
Facilitates increased reliability by allowing workloads to be moved away during planned outages
Automated, policy based relocation can reduce administrative workload
Provides a way to manage availability and workload of your IT infrastructure without significantly impacting end users
The capability to relocate a running Workload Partition from one system to another without restarting the application
The application running inside the WPAR resumes running after the relocation is complete
Works with systems based on POWER7, POWER6, POWER5 and POWER4 processors
Requires the IBM PowerVM Workload Partitions Manager for AIX product, a Systems Director advanced manager
Manual or automatic, policy based relocation
How it can help?What is it?
WorkloadPartition
QA
AIX # 2
WorkloadPartition
Data Mining
WorkloadPartition
App Server
WorkloadPartition
Web
AIX # 1
WorkloadPartition
Dev
Workload Partitione-mail
PowerVM™WorkloadPartitionsManagerfor AIX
Policy
WorkloadPartitionBilling
Shared Storage (SAN or NFS)
© 2010 IBM Corporation
IBM Power Systems
28
PowerVM Live Partition Mobility
Can make it easier to consolidate workloads from underutilized servers by facilitating the transfer of workloads with almost no end user impact
Can provide increased flexibility to manage workloads by easily moving the workload to another system
Facilitates increased reliability by allowing workloads to be moved away during planned outages
PowerVM Live Partition Mobility can provide for a much more flexible and responsive IT infrastructure by reducing the cost and risk of rebalancing workloads
A PowerVM Enterprise Edition feature that allows an entire Logical Partition (LPAR) to be relocated from one system to another with almost no impact to the end user
The end user effect is a single delay of two seconds when the relocation is completed
Supported by AIX 7, AIX 6, AIX V5.3 and Linux®
PowerVM Live Partition Mobility requires that all I/O be virtualized through the Virtual I/O server at the time of the relocation
How it can help?What is it?
Movement to adifferent server with no loss of
service
Virtualized SAN and Network InfrastructureVirtualized SAN and Network Infrastructure
Live Partition Mobility requires the purchase of the optional PowerVM Enterprise Edition.
© 2010 IBM Corporation
IBM Power Systems
29
Live Application Mobility
Live Mobility on Power Systems
Movement of the OS and applications to a different server with no loss of
service
Virtualized SAN and Network InfrastructureVirtualized SAN and Network Infrastructure
PowerVM Live Partition Mobility• Move an entire Logical Partition from one system to another
while it is running with almost no impact to end users• Moves the entire LPAR including the operating system • Requires systems based on the POWER6 or POWER7
processors, PowerVM Enterprise Edition, and all I/O must be through the Virtual I/O Server
• Works with partitions running AIX 7, AIX 6, AIX V5.3 and Linux
Live Partition Mobility
AIX Live Application Mobility• Move a Workload Partition from one AIX system to another
AIX system while running with almost no impact to end users• Moves only the WPAR, the AIX operating system is not
moved• Requires the PowerVM Workload Partitions Manager, and all
WPAR filesystems must be on shared storage• Works on systems based on POWER4 processors and later
Potential BenefitsImproved application availability
Energy savingBetter workload management
WorkloadPartition
QA
AIX # 2
WorkloadPartition
Data Mining
WorkloadPartition
App Server
WorkloadPartition
Web
AIX # 1
WorkloadPartition
Dev
Workload Partitione-mail
PowerVM™WorkloadPartitionsManagerfor AIX
Policy
WorkloadPartitionBilling
Shared Storage (SAN or NFS)
© 2010 IBM Corporation
IBM Power Systems
30
AIX Role Based Access Control (RBAC) with Domains
Can reduce the cost and complexity of security administration by allowing secure delegation of administrative tasks to non-privileged users
Enables a more secure IT infrastructure by reducing the need for so many privileged administrators
Assigning roles to programs can reduce the need for security exposures such as the use of setuid for programs
Allows for new ways to delegate administration duties between system administrators and non-administrative users
A capability of AIX that allows privileged administration tasks to be delegated to non-privileged users
Access to system resources are associated with roles that are assigned to non-privileged users
Many roles are predefined which can reduce the effort of implementing RBAC
Roles can also be associated with programs
Domain access can further limit administrators to only work with resources for a particular organization (AIX 7/AIX 6 TL6)
How it can help?What is it?
UsersUsers Roles
AIX Resources
AIX Resources
BACKUPCompany A
DBACompany A
BACKUPCompany Z
Company ZData
DBACompany Z
Company AData
Domain support Provides more granularityfor multi-tenant IT shops
© 2010 IBM Corporation
IBM Power Systems
31
AIX Encrypting Filesystem
Enables improved security by reducing unauthorized access to data, even by privileged users
Secure backups reduces the exposure of data compromised when backup media is taken outside of secure facilities
Automatic management of protection keys can reduce the administrative effort of using encrypted data
Provides the capability for additional security for applications that may have security design exposures
Automatically encrypt data in a JFS2 filesystem
Data can be protected from access by privileged users
Backup in encrypted or clear formats
Automated key management - integrated into AIX security authentication
Each file encrypted with a unique key
Hardware offload to Cryptographic adapter
No keys stored in clear in kernel memory
A variety of AES, and RSA cryptography keys supported
How it can help?What is it?
Always encrypted on disk
Data in clear in memory.
VMM
J2
Filesystem
CLiC
Crypto Lib
User and Group Key Stores
Crypto Kernext
Kernel ucred open key store
Login Authentication Module
Key Store
Mgt Cmds
BOS Cmds
Backup/Restore
Cp, mv, crfs, etc
© 2010 IBM Corporation
IBM Power Systems
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AIX Security Expert
Can reduce the cost and complexity of security administration by allowing federated management of security profiles across multiple servers
Enables a more secure IT infrastructure by reducing the effort of maintaining system security
“Check” functionality can provide additional security by validating that the security profile for each system matches the actual security settings
Allows for new ways to efficiently manage security across multiple AIX systems
A centralized security management tool that can control over 300 security settings from a single console
Administrators can start from a “Low”, “Medium”, “High” or “Sarbanes-Oxley” security template and customize settings to met business requirements
Security settings can be exported and imported as a security profile to multiple systems
Security profiles can be stored in an LDAP directory for ease of distribution
AIX Security Expert was first included in AIX V5.3 TL5
How it can help?What is it?
© 2010 IBM Corporation
IBM Power Systems
33
AIX & Power Systems Security Certifications
AIX 5200-06 CAPP/EAL4+Application: 01/11/05Final report: 10/26/05Certificate: 12/14/05
AIX 5L 5200-05 andPitbull LSPP/EAL4+
Application :01/11/05Certificate issued: 05/16/06
AIX 5300-05 LSPP/EAL4+
Pitbull product Supports P5, P4Certificate issued: 12/19/06
Pitbull MLS Ported to AIX 5300-03
Pitbull product available to customers Dec 31, 05
AIX 5300-04 CAPP/EAL4+Supports P5, P4Certificate issued: 12/19/06
AIX 7100-00) CAPP/RBACPP/LSPP/EAL4+
Supports P7, P6, P5, P4
Legend
AIX V5.2AIX V5.3 AIX 6AIX 7 (Planned) VIOSPOWER6
Certification HistoryAIX 4.2 C2: Apr 24, 1997AIX 4.3 C2: May 6, 19987AIX 5.2 CAPP/EAL4+ : Nov 4, 2002POWER4 HW CAPP/EAL4+ : Apr 2003AIX 5.2 ML1 CAPP/EAL4+ : Sept 8, 2003AIX 5.2 ML6 CAPP/EAL4+ : Dec 14, 2005AIX 5.2 ML5 and Pitbull LSPP: May 16, 2006AIX 5.3 TL5 and Pitbull LSPP: May 16, 2006AIX 5.2 TL4 & VIOS CAPP/EAL4+: Dec 16, 2006POWER6: Dec, 2007AIX 6: May 26, 2008AIX 7: Planned 2010 *All statements regarding IBM's future direction and intent are subject
to change or withdrawal without notice, and represent goals and objectives only
VIOS EAL4+Included with AIX 53.00-04 CAPP/EAL4+
POWER6 Hardware EAL4+
Dynamic LPAR with MicroPartitioning
AIX 6100-00) CAPP/RBACPP/LSPP/EAL4+
MLS capabilities integrated into standard AIX product
One certification for 3 Protection Profiles
Supports P6, P5, P4
2006 2007 20102005
© 2010 IBM Corporation
IBM Power Systems
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Cluster Aware AIX
Easily create clusters of AIX instances for scale-out computing or high
availability
Designed to:
– Significantly simplify cluster configuration, construction, and maintenance
– Designed to improve availability by reducing the time to discover failures
– Capabilities such as common device naming help simplify administration
– Built in event management and monitoring
A foundation for future AIX capabilities and the next generation of PowerHA
SystemMirror and PowerVM
Designed to simplify construction and management of clusters of AIX systems for scale-out computing and high availability
© 2010 IBM Corporation
IBM Power Systems
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Cluster Aware AIX Exploiters
Legacy AIX
PowerHASystem Mirror
TSA HMCIBM
StorageHPC
DB2IBM
Director
Monitoring API
ClusterMonitoring
Group Services
Cluster Admin UI
Cluster CFGRepository
Resource Mgr Services
Bundled Resource Managers
ClusterMessaging
Messaging API
Legacy RSCT
RSCT Consumers
VIOS
Monitoring API
ClusterMonitoring
Group Services
Cluster Admin UI
Cluster CFGRepository
Resource Mgr Services
Bundled Resource Managers
ClusterMessaging
Messaging API
RSCT With Cluster Aware AIX
Cluster Aware AIX
ClusterRepository
ClusterMessaging
ClusterMonitoring
ClusterEvents
CAA APIs and UIs
Redesigned Layers Integrated to CAA Capabilities
RSCT and Cluster Aware AIX together provide the foundation of strategic Power Systems SW
RSCT-CAA integration enables compatibility with a diverse set of dependent IBM products
RSCT integration with CAA extends simplified cluster management along with optimized and robust cluster monitoring, failure detection, and recovery to RSCT exploiters on Power / AIX
© 2010 IBM Corporation
IBM Power Systems
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AIX Non-intrusive Reliability Features
Designed to increase availability by reducing problem determination time and effort
Can reduce the impact of problems by minimizing the intrusiveness of problem determination compared to traditional methods
These new service features provide an infrastructure that can fundamentally change the OS problem determination process for the better
A number of new reliability, availability and serviceability features that are designed to improve system and application reliability
New features include: Live Dump Firmware Assisted Dump Enhanced First Failure
Data Capture (FFDC) for AIX
Enhanced features: Lightweight malloc debug Lightweight memory trace Consistency checkers Component trace
How it can help?What is it?
© 2010 IBM Corporation
IBM Power Systems
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AIX Storage Keys
Can provide for higher AIX availability by reducing the number of unplanned outages due to intermittent memory overlay
Enables complex applications that use large amounts of memory to protect core functions from memory overlay
This new capability can reduce the likelihood of an entire class of intermittent application and AIX problems
Exploitation of a POWER7 and POWER6 processors hardware feature to provide additional isolation of kernel and application data
Storage keys can prevent invalid changes to memory cause by programming errors
Application use of storage keys is enabled in AIX V5.3
AIX Kernel exploitation of POWER6 storage keys is included in AIX 7 and AIX 6
How it can help?What is it?
UserCode
UserData
Files
WS DB2
KernelCode
KernelData
JFS2 LVM VMM . . . SCSI ENT FC
ApplicationAddress Space
AIX DriversAIX Kernel
UNIX Kernel Address Space
UserCode
UserData
Files
WS DB2
KernelCode
KernelData
JFS2 LVM VMM . . . SCSI ENT FC
ApplicationAddress Space
AIX DriversAIX Kernel
UNIX Kernel Address Space
UserCode
UserData
Files
WS DB2
KernelCode
KernelData
JFS2 LVM VMM . . . SCSI ENT FC
ApplicationAddress Space
AIX DriversAIX Kernel
AIX Kernel Address Space
UserCode
UserData
Files
WS DB2
KernelCode
KernelData
JFS2 LVM VMM . . . SCSI ENT FC
ApplicationAddress Space
AIX DriversAIX Kernel
AIX Kernel Address Space
After POWER6 Storage Keys
Before POWER6 Storage Keys
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AIX probevue Dynamic Tracing
Enables the possibility to dramatically reduce the amount of time and effort to debug and tune applications
Can reduce the performance impact to the system compared to using traditional tracing methods
Dynamic tracing offers an entirely different way for developers and system administrators to troubleshoot application problems
The capability to dynamically extract information about a program as it is running
Trace points can be added or removed dynamically without recompiling or restarting the application
Includes a new language, vue, to define the desired action when a probe point is reached
Support for C, C++, FORTRAN and Java language programs
How it can help?What is it?
Formatted I/O
User Kernel
Probe Location
User Process CodeSome thread
hits probe point (1)
Branches to probe code (2)
Probe code
(3)Returns to probe point
(4)
Thread continues
execution(5)
Trace Consumer
Trace Fileor
Trace Output
Trace Buffers
E-code
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PowerVM Workload Partitions Manager for AIX
Can make it easier to consolidate workloads from underutilized servers by providing a single point of management for all WPARs and enablement for Live Application Mobility
Can reduce cost and complexity through centralized management of WPARs
Enables increased flexibility by allowing administrators to quickly create, clone or delete Workload Partitions from one system to another
Supports systems based on POWER4 or later processors
Policy based relocation and federated management of WPARs provides new ways to manage your IT infrastructure
A product that federates management of WPARs across multiple systems
WPARs can be created, cloned, stopped, started and monitored from a single location
Includes enablement for Live Application Mobility
The WPAR Manager is a advanced manager “plug-in” to the IBM Systems Director
The WPAR Manager is available as a component in the AIX Enterprise Edition or as a separate product
How it can help?What is it?
WPAR AgentAIX
System/Application WPARs
WPAR AgentAIX
System/Application WPARs
WPAR AgentAIX
System/Application WPARs
WPAR AgentAIX
System/Application WPARs
WPAR AgentAIX
System/Application WPARs
WPAR AgentAIX
System/Application WPARs
IBMWorkloadPartitionsManagerfor AIX
Browser
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AIX Systems Director Console for AIX (pConsole)
Can reduce the amount of effort and cost associated with managing the AIX OS
Web access to administrative tasks can simplify systems management
Consistent user interface with IBM Systems Director and the WPAR Manager can reduce retraining and other administrative costs
The combination of Web access to administration tools and the ability to execute administrative tasks on multiple systems can change the way you manage the AIX OS
A Web based management tool that provides easy access to common system administration tasks
Administrators can access Systems Management Interface Tool (SMIT) menus from a browser
Graphical user interface is fast and fully integrated with IBM Systems Director
All necessary components for the Console are included in AIX
The Distributed Command Execution Manager (DCEM) feature of the Console allows an administrative task to run on multiple systems at once
How it can help?What is it?
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AIX Automatic Variable Page Size
Can improve overall system performance which could improve the amount of work done per Watt of energy
Automated page size tuning can reduce the amount of effort and cost associated with managing a key aspect of performance tuning
Since this feature is turned “on” by default, it improves your ability to get the most out of your systems based on POWER6 processors
This “self tuning” aspect of AIX can improve performance while reducing administrative workload
AIX exploitation of POWER6 or later hardware that supports variable page size
AIX will automatically select optimal page size to provide better performance
Kernel will choose between 4K and 64K pages, including a mix within a memory region
Supports process data, heap, stack, shared memory, anonymous mmap() memory
Enabled by default with administrative controls to turn off or change aggressiveness to “upsize”
Required AIX 7 or AIX 6 and POWER6 or later processor based systems
How it can help?What is it?
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System N
AIX 7 Profile Manager (Formerly AIX Runtime Expert)
System A System N System C
SetExtract Compare
Simplified configuration using the AIX Profile Manager
Systems Director plug-in that is designed to simplify consistent AIX configuration across multiple systems
Traditional server configuration
OS Configuration and Tuning
Environment Variables
Configuration Files
Boot LV Settings
CLI Utilities
Apply and maintain approachesScripts, ftp, rsh, ssh, documentation,3rd party tools, mksysb, etc.
System A System NSystem BSystem A System NSystem B
XML Profiles
Env var XYZ=“Yes”AIX security profile .tuneable N
Env var XYZ=“Yes”AIX security profile tuneable N
Env var XYZ=“Yes”AIX security profile tuneable N
Env var XYZ=“Yes”AIX security profile tuneable N
System Administrator
Systems N
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Configuration Elements managed by AIX Profile Manager
acctctl
alog
authzcfg
authent
chcons
Chdev.sys0
chlicense
chservices
chsys
class
dumpctrl
errdaemon
ewlm
ffdc
filter
ioo
krecovery
lvmo
nfso
mktcpip
nis
probevue
tcp_nw
udp_nw
ip_nw
arp_nw
stream
raso
role
ruser
namerslv
nfs
shconf
schedo
privcmd
privdev
privfile
smtctl
syscorepath
sysdumpdev
traces
tsd
trustchk
vmo
aix.secexpert
mkuser.defuser
chuser
login
chsubserver
gen.param
etc.env
misc.other
probeview
restrictedtrcctlfile.data
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AIX is available in three different editions:– AIX Standard Edition
• Suitable for most UNIX workloads• Vertical scalability up to 256 cores (AIX 7)
64 cores (AIX 6)
– AIX Enterprise Edition• AIX plus enterprise management • Includes AIX Standard Edition plus
Systems Director Enterprise Edition and the Workload Partitions Manager for AIX
• Vertical scalability up to 256 cores (AIX 7) 64 cores (AIX 6)
– AIX Express Edition• Lower priced edition targeted a low end servers and
consolidation of smaller workloads on larger servers • Includes most of the functionality of AIX Standard Edition• Vertical scalability is limited to 4 cores and 8GB of memory per core in a single
partition• Clients can use multiple AIX Express Edition partitions in a single larger server
Clients can mix multiple AIX editions in the same server
AIX Editions
Capab
ility
AIX StandardEdition
AIX EnterpriseEdition
AIX ExpressEdition
Note: AIX V5.3 is only available in a Standard Edition
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AIX Enterprise Edition
AIX Enterprise Edition includes:– AIX 7 or AIX 6 Standard Edition plus – WPAR Manager – Systems Director Enterprise Edition
• IBM System Director • Active Energy Manager • VMControl (including Image Management & System Pools)• Network Control • Transition Manager for HP® SIM• Service and Support Manager• IBM Tivoli Monitoring • Tivoli Application Dependency Discovery Manager (TADDM)
AIX Enterprise Edition is a single offering that brings together AIX with key service management capabilities that are designed to: Improve availability through access to relevant real-time information and predictive
monitoring to avoid future problems Enhance operational efficiency through visualization of resources and centralized
deployment and management of virtualized AIX environments Provide accurate assessment of system resource usage
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AIX Enterprise Edition Key Features Live Application Mobility
– Relocate Workload Partitions between systems with almost no client impact
Energy Management– Collecting and report current and historical usage, and controlling energy usage
Virtual Server Management– Create and manage virtual machines, manage virtual machine relocation, and managing virtual
workloads in system pools
Manage WPARs across multiple systems– Centralize the creation, replication, and starting of WPARs across multiple systems
Automatically discover IT components and their relationships– Ideal for managing dynamic virtualized environments
Monitor virtualized resources– Efficient management begins with comprehensive performance information
Predictive monitoring and capacity management– Leverage real time monitoring in data warehouse to provide advanced analytics for capacity planning and
proactive monitoring
Provides a visual representation of the components– Assists understanding of complex application dependencies
Network Management– Discover, monitor, and manage multi-vendor network devices and automate network management tasks
Monitor utilization and configuration changes– Useful for problem determination and failure analysis
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Clients get business-level views and management of service availability
Consolidated monitoring of physical and virtual resources
IBM Tivoli Monitoring
– Designed to improve mean-time-to-
recovery by relating virtual to physical
resources
– Data warehouse provides Side-by-side real-
time and historical data to assist problem
determination and planning
– Out-of-the-box reporting allows
clients to quickly provide executive
level reports and identify resource
bottlenecks
AIX Enterprise Edition
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Power Systems Monitoring - VIOS View
Shows how network interfaces are mapped to LPARS
Network and Disk Mapping and Utilization Information
AIX Enterprise Edition
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WPAR Workspace
NOTE: Right button click on Link icon to access menu of supplemental WPAR WSs
AIX Enterprise Edition
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Use existing ITM agents and data that are stored in the Tivoli Data Warehouse
Create new metrics based on combining existing date Predictive trending and forecast reports Pre-configured reports Extensible
Scenarios“What will my resources look like
tomorrow, next week and next month?”“What IT resources should I worry
about?”“Will I have enough capacity to get me
through Monday?”
What It Does• Provide capacity monitoring through the data collected by Tivoli Monitoring• Automates Performance analysis and reporting • Enables prediction of application bottlenecks and creation of alerts for potential service threats.
Advanced Performance Analytics
AIX Enterprise Edition
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Predictive Trending Predictive trending on key performance
indicators– Linear trending model– Configurable– Simple, open and predictable
New Tivoli Monitoring attributes for use in charts and situations
– Trend strength, trend direction– Time to threshold, value in 7 days, 30 days and
90 days Use trend information in situations
– “I predict I have 2 weeks before I hit 95% Disk Utilization and I am 70% confident and its getting worse”
Leverages Tivoli Enterprise Portal – Overlays to represent Trends– Icons in Tables
Time
CP
U
Predicted trend
Threshold Predicted CPU Violation
Actual Monitor Data
AIX Enterprise Edition
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Application discovery complements platform component asset data
Better management through better information
– Discovers the system and application data
center resources
– Discovers the relationships and
dependencies between the system and
application resources
– Visually depict the dependencies between
Data Center between the application and
system resources
– Discovers and tracks changes to data
center resources
IBM Tivoli Application Dependency Discovery Manager (TADDM)
AIX Enterprise Edition
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Reduce the time to deploy workloads using virtual images
Discover and manage heterogeneous AIX image repositoriesImport, capture and catalog virtual images from existing systemsDynamically provision virtual server, storage and network resources
DeployVirtual
Machines
Open Virtualization Format (OVF)CaptureVirtual
Machines
I mage Repository
SoftwareSoftwareapplicationapplicationSoftwareSoftware
applicationapplication
Operating Operating SystemSystem
Operating Operating SystemSystem
MetadataMetadataMetadataMetadata
SoftwareSoftwareapplicationapplicationSoftwareSoftware
applicationapplication
Operating Operating SystemSystem
Operating Operating SystemSystem
MetadataMetadataMetadataMetadata
Virtual image
AIX Enterprise Edition
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Balance resources with Live Partition Mobility
Dynamically adjust virtual machines resource allocations.- Allowing unallocated resources to be used by a virtual machine.- Allowing resource allocation adjustments to be made between virtual machine.
Virtual server mobility between host systems.- Allocate resources on the target host.- Move the virtual machine in-memory state to target host.- De-allocating resources on the source host.
Virtualization
Compute Memory
Virtual MachineVirtual MachineVirtual Machine
Virtualization
Compute MemoryIO / Network
Virtual Machine Virtual MachineVirtual Machine
IO / Network
SW
OS
SW
OS
SW
OS
SW
OS
SW
OS
SW
OS
SW
OS
SW
OS
SW
OSSW
OS
SW
OS
SW
OS
SW
OS
SW
OS
SW
OS
AIX Enterprise Edition
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Dynamic virtual server placement of workloadsAutomates virtual image mobility for optimal utilization and resilienceOptimizes virtual assets for performance, availability and energy useIntegrates server, storage and network virtualization
System pools enable automated mobility for higher workload availability
Compute Network StorageMemoryCompute Network StorageMemoryCompute Network StorageMemory
Virtualization
Compute Network StorageMemory
Virtualization
Compute Network StorageMemoryCompute Network StorageMemory
IT Resources Virtual Images System Pools
Mobility
Optimized for Availability Performance Energy
AIX Enterprise Edition
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Electrical energy and thermal trendingReport electrical power at the rack and server level
Manage thermal energy at the rack and server level
Analyze trends in energy usePerformance per watt displayCalculate energy costs for targeted resources
Trend electrical power use over time
Trend temperature over time
Note: Energy monitoring and control capabilities vary by system.
Energy cost calculator
AIX Enterprise Edition
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Platform Management
Integrated network management and monitoring
StorageServerNetwork
Service Management Unified view of servers, storage,
and network devices
Basic lifecycle management of network switches
Network device topology collection and visualization
Integrated single sign on launch of vendor - based device management tools
Converged Ethernet network device support (FCoCEE) via native support and vendor tools
IT environment
AIX Enterprise Edition
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AIX Enterprise Edition
Provides the foundation for Enterprise Service Management in an easy to order solution at an attractive price
Designed to improve operational efficiency of managing a PowerVM™ virtualized environment
Includes IBM Systems Director Enterprise Edition for comprehensive platform and service management
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AIX StandardEdition
AIX StandardEdition
AIX Enterprise Edition
AIX Enterprise Edition
AIX Express Edition
AIX Express Edition
Capability
AIX Express Edition
AN edition of AIX priced for smaller workloads– AIX 6 and 7 feature Express Edition– AIX 5.3 is only available in a Standard Edition
Intended for two deployment situations1. Entry price on entry servers and blades2. Consolidation of smaller workloads on enterprise servers
AIX Express Edition terms are designed for small workloads– Vertical scalability limited to 4 core maximum partition size– 8 GB memory per core maximum
Flexibility to optimize for multiple workloads– Run any combination
of AIX Editions on a server
AIX Express Edition
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AIX Express Edition can improve the economics of consolidation
Example: Consolidate eight 4-way POWER6 520s into a 24 way POWER7 770
Old price with AIXStandard Edition
AIX License + SWMA
List price 24 cores x $1,950Total (list) $46,800
(U.S. prices shown)
With AIX Express
AIX License + SWMA
List price 24 cores x $1,000Total (list) $24,000
Savings of $22,800(U.S. prices shown)
AIX Express Edition
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IBM License Metric Tool
Common IBM monitoring tool for SWG, Power Systems & Systems Director software products
Provides a data center view of IBM software licenses
Simplifies customer license tracking, compliance & audit reporting
ILMT does NOT report back to IBM
Tool Provides*:– Software inventory– Web-based administration– Standard & custom license reports – Audit reports
Required for clients using AIX Express Edition on Medium and Large servers
*Implementation of some features will be staged over time
AIX Express Edition
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AIX 7 Hardware Support
Systems based on POWER4, PowerPC® 970, POWER5, POWER6 and POWER7 processors are supported
32 and 64-bit applications will continue to run unchanged on AIX 7
64-bit kernel only
*Complete details on AIX binary compatibility can be found at http://www.ibm.com/servers/aix/os/compatibility/
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AIX support for POWER7
AIX supports Power 750, 770, and 780 with POWER7 processors offering more performance, energy efficiency and scalability
Initial AIX Levels supported – AIX 6 Technology Level 4 SP2 (POWER 750/755) (GA 2/12) – AIX 6 Technology Level 4 SP3 (POWER 770/780) (GA 3/5)– AIX 5.3 Technology Level 11 SP3 (GA 3/5)
April AIX Technology Levels – AIX 6 Technology Level 5 (PS700, PS701, PS702) – AIX 5.3 Technology Level 12 (PS700, PS701, PS702)
Prior Technology levels – AIX 6 Technology Levels 2 and 3 – AIX 5.3 Technology Levels 9 and 10
Plans subject to change without notice
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POWER7 Platform SupportMove up to POWER7 on your current AIX Technology Level!
POWER7 based Systems provide two modes for each LPAR– POWER7 mode
• Fully exploit unique POWER7 capabilities• AIX 6.1 TL4 SP2 (Power 750/755), SP3 (Power 770/780) and later• AIX 7
– POWER6 & POWER6+ modes• Allows Live Partition Mobility to POWER6 systems• AIX 5.3 and AIX 6.1 TL2 & TL3
POWER7 Features exploited by AIX- Energy Management (available in all modes)
– Per-Partition energy management- POWER7 Mode
– 4 thread Simultaneous Multithreading (SMT)– 1024 Threads / 256 cores partition size (AIX 7 only)– Double precision Vector Scalar Extension (VSX) – 32 Storage Protection Keys (8 for applications)
Core
L3
MC0 MC1PowerBus
GX
EI3 (Elastic Interface) I/O
EI3 (Elastic Interface) I/O
Mem
ory
I/O
Mem
ory
I/O
Mem
ory
I/O
Mem
ory
I/O GX
L2
Cores: 8 L2: On Chip L3: On Chip Technology: 45nm Transistors: >1B Size: 567 mm2
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AIX support for POWER7 Processor Modes
POWER6 & POWER6+ MODE POWER7 MODE POWER7 Client Value
AIX 5.3 AIX 7 & AIX 62-Thread SMT 4-Thread SMT Throughput performance,
processor core utilization.
Affinity OFF by Default 3-tier Memory, MicroPartition Affinity
Improved system performance for system images spanning sockets and nodes.
32-core/64-thread Scaling64-core/128-thread Scaling
32-core / 128-thread Scaling64-core / 256-thread Scaling 256-core / 1024-thread Scaling (with AIX 7)
Performance and Scalability for Large Scale-Up Single System Image Workloads (e.g. OLTP, ERP scale-up, WPAR consolidation).
EnergyScale CPU Idle EnergyScale CPU Idle and Folding with NAP and SLEEP
Improved Energy Efficiency
Active Memory Expansion Additional memory for applications
You need more than AIX 5.3 to get the most out of POWER7!
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Why should you move up to AIX 7 or AIX 6? More performance on POWER7
– AIX 7 and AIX 6 can provide substantially more performance on POWER7 than AIX V5.3– AIX 7 supports massive workloads with up to 256 cores / 1024 threads
Access to new features– Capabilities like WPARs, Role Based Access Control, AIX Profile Manager are designed to
improve security and administrative efficiency
AIX V5.3 is nearing End of Life– End of Marketing announced effective April 2011
AIX 7 will support running AIX 5.2 in a WPAR– Excellent way to consolidate old workloads running on less efficient hardware
It’s FREE!– Customers with software maintenance agreements (SWMA) can upgrade for no additional charge
within an Edition: • AIX 5.3 to AIX 7 Standard edition • AIX 6 Express Edition to AIX 7 Express Edition, etc,