in
the
the
United
States
on
the
use
of
HEART,
AND
HAVE
A
THEY
MAY
HEAR
ALSO,
ABOVE
to
subject
impulse, of
the
workings
are
often
subtle,
and
workers have been acknowledged
the proofs
Previous
treatment
of
Scope of inquiry
,
Expressive
function
Varieties of
{d) Laughter
as an
accompaniment of
as provoking
ludicrous .
Laughter
and
the
play-mood
Summary
of
PAGE
121
122
125
12e
126
129
130
132
134
,'13^
136
a39:;
140
rTIi)
142
145
149
153
CHAPTER
VI.
The
Obighn
op
Laughter.
Problem
of
laughter of
child
Tickling
as
inheritance
from
remote
ancestors .
to
217
238
Savage
society
242
The
ridiculing
of
fellow-tribesmen
244
inferiors
laughter
271
of
self-importance
276
a plutocratic
with others
Humour
in
Laughter
of
Boundaries
Humour
in
view
Speculative Idealism as robbing our common world of interest
392
Ji^
393
393^
394
39^
396
405
Legitimacy
Point of
humorist
. 409
The
contemplator
409
satirist
Estimate
of
helpfulness
417
426
The
with the
confront
ancient times. In merry
who
would
Not
show
smile,
Though
Nestor
what
has dwindled is
living
writers
suggests
that
decorous
humour
becomes
on
humour .
This
recognition
without
in
the
recognisers
the
existence
of
this
love
the
He urges with force
of
his dainty soap
to
suppose,
that
he
should
be
able
to
think
human
be
to
elucidate
its
ways,
might
be
expected
to
Essay
on
Comedy,
up as
sublime,
not to
of
theorists who make some
slippery
it
?
by Schopenhauer
the arbitrary
and
works
of
Germans,
In
ludicrous
to
a
substitution
a
According to
a
clown
not laugh merely
laugh
to
akin,
akin,
beUttled
examples
that
of
a
topped
equally
different in
covering,
and
this
expectation
that
now
point
grown-up
spectator
his
to
big
and
examples
of
One
of
fix
the man beneath
will no
intellectual
movements
are
the sight
of the
lie in
the
an adult
or
even
make
the
case,
experience
a
to
heartily, for
the
spectacle
as
such
would
not
impress
more
ludicrous
when
seen
suggests,
to
and
there certainly
is implied
Dr. Lipps
so
enjoy
has
made
it
to the perception
—our
mind
instantly
recognition.
Now
is
them on the
say that
the father's
dignity which belongs
dressed lady in
the
child's
hat,
it
defect
to sub-
us laugh,
a psychologist,
be added,
who
with a
the tangent
and the
On reading
some of
contributed
by
the
fertile
German
mind,
Th.
Vischer
dark problem
preferences,
and
to
compass
of
human
experience
its
variability,
In
and serious purpose
delicious freeness
and enslav-
these
laughter-hater.
the
of
these
The
man
we
will
only
the lowest
developed
pursue this line
of those social forces
directions of our
once thoughtfully
laughter ever present
nature
and
be
carried
out
in
a
spirits, which are
to pass
in any
mental attitude
smile, quite
apart from
its insipidity
vital
Smiling involves a complex
lifting
of
raising
of
the nostrils
the
at
least,
a
marked
contrast
to
and the furrowed fore-
adults who
of
a
only re-
here. It
closely
to
those
larger experience of
larger experience of
out, there
be
seen
to
the
of
manifestations
of
pleasure,
are
a
infancy.
process,
allowing
the
one
two
actions
is
evidenced
by
the
usages
of
the
Latin
of
of
Like
sighing,
feature
viz., those which
chink
between
the
vocal
Tale,
line
laughter.
to the
methods of
we
com-
a cadence
that the
variations
which
help
to
Mvxh Ado
effect. First
partially closed
veins
into
kinds
brain-structures.
1
See
vi.,
p.
56.
changes
in
by the weight of
clearly
time of
and
of
ancient
custom
of
of
laughter
in
the
latest
for
any
keep
his
arms
down
whole
of
sudden
changes
Yet
celerity
the reckoning.
drowsy
monotony,
the mirth-
disorderly
part
of
genuine hilarity, we
exercise
will
be
weakening
in
its
with
to
understand
how
that
violent
: fatigue, weakness,
has
degenerated
itself to hysterical
a pleasurable
over-
flow
such it
spleen, seem
in
ex-
extremes
of
to
be
the
outcome
to
the
theory
would be no feeling
it, that constitutes
found,
But science
has, alas
ness
of
fancy
; and
it
has
to
do
get
yourself in the awkward situation of being
unable
to
say
how
brought
about.
the nervous thrill
of the
feeling
at
is surely to
was
ter
as
finding
character
our inquiry. When
for example we
which
as
such,
but
is
flooded
dox in
experiences,
im-
the
preceding
chapter,
the
to
stifle
the
impulse
when
exposed
in
the
stirring
sounds
which
least
of
un-
happy
state
of
feeling.
—
it be
not universal.
suspects,
to
and prolonged
powerfully in
organic resonance
without introducing
other and
attitude,
does
conflict between the
its
antagonism
to
method
of
securing
for
us
in
some
through
and
to
sound
differently
child.
This
intrusion
of
will
that
amuse.
Hence
joy, and even
of
laughter
are
apt
to
appear
the
individual.
Preyer
tells
from that
under this
.
*
In considering
mirthful outburst,
and approach
the narrower problem of the nature and mode of action of
the ludicrous
by way
more
precisely,
by
some
sense-presentation,
or
quaint
fancy.
Yet
we
must
not
takes on
rise
to
the
to
some
cases,
however,
a
single
parts
of the
small
vessels.^
It
is
of
and
\in one.
parts richest
the
lishness, and that, after the
seats of
quality. It seems
an organic
the complexity
British
prolongation of the
if not
|
ticklishness,
considerably.
Since
look rather closely
at their feeling-tones.
As largely organic
pleasant, others
to attribute
ments.
sensations
hope
to
de-
scribe.
particular
moment
we
may
be
slight
pre-
a
further
a
slight
and render
of
more
'
off
or
the laughter-reaction
It has
we cannot
deeper-
lying
this point
series
of
laughter.
The
tickling
Even
if
we
sup-
posed
that
in
account for
playmate
disagreeable
elements
of tickling.
when
it
yet are
that the laughter excited
of
by
the fact
that the
laughter-reaction occurs
different
state
of
feeling
I
suffices,
mental
state
mental
to
do
with
the
''^funniness
more
I
ticklish
parts
are
The
familiar
interposed
this
obstacle
is
eliminated.^
Other
facts,
too,
seem
to
point
by
dressed
of
the
be
con-
:
to
of mind which
of a
attitude.
The
dread-
fully
serious,
be
he
preoccupied
or with
forms.
Possibly
to
tickling,
may,
muscles, favour this
of
the
laughter-process
under
tickling
is tickled
of
and
disposed
into
a
more
fully
developed
form,
serious
and
constrained
to
ajoyous
That
this
vigorously
and
allied
carrying out
another moment of
this
seemingly
a shock of
such
Kaulin, op. cit.,
platform by weird little
to whom
I have
to
intrude
Head,'
in
the
persons ex-
will
gather
/strength
which now
p.
12.
a pun
grooms withal
.
emotional strain tends
artificial
seems, though
attention
to be
idea
energy
which_has
tion
of the commonly
by recent experiments.
attitudes,
carry
with
know,
bringing a
new brisk-
LAUGHTER
probably
come
to
system of capillaries,
be
favoured
by
ments
would help
prolonged
state
of
painful
to laughter
as a
should, even when
as
we
have
from the
^
do
not
the
power-
diaphragm
and
rib.
To
lie
on
start the spasmodic contractions
expression
not
flood-like
by any further demand
her heart has
by
leaps
the
of the delicious
way,
which is
greater
of
us,
their
good
joy
more
closely
at
we
know
that
a
laughing and
comes readily and persists
longer than usual. In
laiighaJ^nd
need very
little to
lengthening
As
laughter retains
large and
to suppose
that the
of
a very
speaking,
of
a
sequence
of
the
flow of ideas which can
find
a
place in the mind when thus affected. Lastly, it must
not
be
its
full
intensity.
(a)
It
is
a
matter
of
especially at its first
this
is
that
lesson
a
moment's
escape
The
impulse
to
be
as when
horrors
of
it, when
the relation
an
element
In some
teaser's
elastic
rebound,
of
a
sudden
that likes to be
of power
ing,
which,
to
those
relations
LAUGHTER
into
the
find the
wUl,
is
an
to
laugh
on
worshipper in
by
some
grotesque
Jn-
cident,
such
as
the
mal
b,
laughter in such cases
external constraint
grief
may
yield
now
and
again
for
a
moment
to
The last
fore-
be
the
immediate
physiological
when
play
repre-
we
once
its object.
see
laughter
was
but was
his experience
at least
narrowly or
called
having universal
that a
man will
and to note the
for
his
own
customs.
In
object which
that appearance
subjective
well to note that
of
which
the
spectacle means, for
one who uses
requirements of art,
as
laughable.
This
as
implied
nature
In
order
to
find
our
way
with
do
well
to
contes pow
repasts
where they laugh. No
some of
cases, perhaps in
is
the
type,
and
so
has
a
the
common
and
observer
certain
in other
is
called
the odd
oddly-marked
and
able
tastes, the
obvious
way
subject
to
the
condition
;
which
big
nose,
amusing extends,
animals
may sometimes
man on crutches,
wobbles down a
(Aris-
/tensions,
such
as
a
of
as
owe
its
force
deformities affect us through
the unsightly
the impulse.
lies
between
into
a
laughable
quality
the
impulse
to
Middle
Ages,
and
the
large
as
vanity
manners, it
seems to
blemish, and
not
eq
have
a
specially
Other
an
overweening
conceit.
a peculiar
reason of her
last example
we
view
the
for example, the
for
a
people
is evident,
idea
old
counter-
active
atti-
of
oddities
that an action
The sight
uniform
height
of
the
pointed
out
by
Dr.
Lipps
up
to the
in the
harlequinade and
or
the confusion
change with
the
fashionable
modes
this direction
of laughter
been
formed
slowly
and
are
supporters
of
rule
are
to
laugh
mani-
fest
(5)
We
may
the
wear
a fall due
are recog-
the
spectacle
a boat left stranded
trations
sense of
to
the
in
a
bodily
deformities,
the
chin,
may
derive
something
dignified feature.^ The
the sight of
amuse
so
The stimulating force of
r
on the
of the
place
for
this
may add the
—
among civiKsedj
suppose
that
taking us
off our
among men who
make
reference
to
these
hearers
alike.
of
the
modus
operandi
on the other hand
of
the
artificial
-an
favour
for
the
moment
of the strong
Our
point out that
the
freedom
impostor,
in
yet
another.
That
[the
standard
finer moral
species
the clown
I
of
merriment
spectacle 1
The laugh at
\
it
us laugh
Evans. Of
the
against himself
; as when
was,
and
to say
of what is violently
what is being
of
the
truth.
The
good
more
you
be
relation.
at least,
in
to
of laughter for
recognised
tributaries
of
social
when one reads of
manifestations
of the intellectual
simplicity which entertains
is a
see,
utters
a
string
of
remarks
so
widely
irrelevant
of
that
which
is
a
others. Hence,
one
sense
of
fun
fixing
its
more
refined
sort
of
laughter.
In
dealing
with
himself
from
contrary,
on the
The relation may
where
lack
laughter because they
of
cases
which has
as
the
to
equal.
Even
I things both of
volving
of the related twain, may
be
requisite
for
a
recalled
a
represented
standard
arrangement.
at
the
intrusion
of
performance
as
that
moral
monologue
L'Indecis,
self-contradictions
with
most
unalterable
convictions.
What
is
and
to
children
will
be
idea that
directly conflicts
what is
habits of belief,
ape-like
ancestor,
when
first
introduced,
reach
the
many.
attributed
be
incongruous
this supposition
as
that there
is nothing
Irish
primary
and
obvious
one
extravagant
with make-
a
moment
a
moon
looking
wan
and
faint
the effects of the
by
differences
of
temperament
of
view
the listener's fancy
has the requi-
and
so
forth,
reflecting
fall flat
the currents
be
admitted
by
those
mirth. There is, I hold,
[ample
evidence
certain limiting
the intrinsic laughableness
decide
others
like
is
frequently
found
as
good enough
to begin
violence
a
As a
trusion
character
of
the
imitator,
or,
again,
how the presentation
when
to
emphasise
both
the
frequent
combination
objects which
excite our
same
taining
of
sounds,
as
well
(12)
in
I
satisfaction
which
the
impartial
in the political domain,
to those of contest.
better
of
another
seem
and
humi-
liation
civilised
spectator.
tion of efforts, may
over
presumably, in
it must
dignity in
we must
touch on
course,
formerly
as
a
recognition
of
our
own
or power. Nevertheless,
explanation.
by
the
consciousness
down
of
to
\
the
strain
well for some of the forms of the laughable in
our
list,
hurt
make-believe which
;
interpreted
Whitman,
let
us
turn
to
to
principle is
us, not merely
be
the
whole
thing
in
affect
one
as
a
far as
the pungent and
always
present,
analysis shows
turned loose on
for me
Bain that the
peg-interval
so as to
focussing of
closed
that
the correlated
that,
instead
of
setting
conceiving
of
the view of Dr.
way of dealing with
dominant
note
in
the
successors has
familiar
example
that
you ever
of
the
authority
themselves
recog-
Arts and
his Kritik
it is
incident, story or remark
expectation
or
surprise.
theory to this
illustration given, he would not have
meant J;hat the
explanation of
to assume that
he meant merely
what the word
