Anatomy And Physiology

AnatomyAnatomy

The study of the structure of the various systems of the human body

PhysiologyPhysiology

The study of the functions of the various systems of the human body

CellCell -the basic basic functional / living unit of our body

Many cells of similar function and structure come

together to form a tissuetissue

Many tissues together form an organorgan

Many organs together form a systemsystem

Many systems together form a humanhuman bodybody

Structural organization of the body

NUCLEUS

Houses the DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) which stores genetic information for a cell.

Production of proteins at the ribosomes (PROTEIN SYNTHESIS) via the mRNA

series of connected vesicles and flattened sacs

Rough ER : synthesize and export proteins and glycoproteins

ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM

Golgi complex

Sort, chemically alter, and package important molecules

Lysosomes

Lysosomes serve as the cell's digestive system.

Lysosomes contain hydrolytic enzymes that digest unwanted materials inside the cell, including worn-out cell parts.

Mitochondria

Mitochondria is the powerhouse of the cell. 

The Mitochondria stores energy by converting carbohydrates and fatty acids into ATP (adenosine tri-phosphate). 

EPITHELIAL TISSUE

Epithelial tissue covers body surfaces and lines body cavities.

Three types of epithelium :

• Squamous epithelium is flattened cells.

• Cuboidal epithelium is cube-shaped cells.

• Columnar epithelium consists of elongated cells

Connective Tissue

Connective tissue serves many purposes in the body:

•binding

•supporting

•protecting

•filling space

1. Cells embedded in the matrix

2. Matrix may be

• solid (as in bone),

• soft (as in loose connective tissue),

• liquid (as in blood).

3. Collagen fibres

COMPOSITIONCOMPOSITION

ADIPOSE TISSUE

BLOOD

BONE

CARTILAGE

SKIN AND INTERNAL ORGANS

TYPES

Muscle Tissue

Smooth muscle

Cardiac muscle

Skeletal muscle

Muscle tissue facilitates movement of the animal by contraction of individual muscle cells (referred to as muscle fibers).

Nervous Tissue Nervous tissue functions in the integration of stimulus and control of response to that stimulus.