Anatomy and Physiology Terms

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Agriculture, Food, and Natural Resource Standards Addressed– AS.01.02. Assess and select animal production

methods for use in animal systems based upon their effectiveness and impacts.

• AS.01.02.01.a. Identify and categorize terms and methods related to animal production.

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Directional TerminologyDirectional Terminology

Anterior

the front of the animal

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Anterior

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Directional TerminologyDirectional Terminology

Posterior

the rear of the animal

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Posterior

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Directional TerminologyDirectional Terminology

Cranial

towards the head

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Cranial

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Directional TerminologyDirectional Terminology

Caudal

towards the tail

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Caudal

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Directional TerminologyDirectional Terminology

Dorsal

along the back or uppermost surface

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Dor

sal

Dorsal

DorsalDorsal

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Directional TerminologyDirectional Terminology

Ventral

along the belly or undermost surface

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VentralVentral

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Directional TerminologyDirectional Terminology

Proximal

part of the limb closest to the body

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ProximalProximal

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Directional TerminologyDirectional Terminology

Distal

part of the limb furthest from the body

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DistalDistal

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Three-Dimensional PlanesThree-Dimensional Planes

Frontal Plane

body plane that divides the animal into dorsal and

ventral parts

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Frontal

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Three-Dimensional PlanesThree-Dimensional Planes

Median Plane

body plane that divides the animal into equal, symmetrical

right and left halves

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Median

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Three-Dimensional PlanesThree-Dimensional Planes

Sagittal Plane

any body plane that is parallel to the median plane

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Sagittal

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Three-Dimensional PlanesThree-Dimensional Planes

Transverse Plane

body plane that divides the animal into cranial and

caudal parts

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Transverse

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Surface Planes

Superficial

closer to the surface

Ex: superficial flexor tendons

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Superficial

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Surface Planes

Deep

further from the surface

Ex: deep flexor tendons

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Deep