Ancient Egypt Ancient Egypt

Nile River

Nile DeltaNile Delta

Upper Egypt

Lower Egypt

The Red Sea

Libyan Desert

Nubian Desert

Mediterranean Sea

Sinai Peninsula

The Rosetta StoneFound by Napoleon's army in 1799

The Rosetta StoneFound by Napoleon's army in 1799

The Rosetta Stone had the same message written in hieroglyphics, demotic, and Greek.

The Rosetta Stone had the same message written in hieroglyphics, demotic, and Greek.

PharaohPharaoh

Nobles and PriestsNobles and Priests

ScribesScribes

Craftsmen and MerchantsCraftsmen and Merchants

PeasantsPeasants

SlavesSlaves

Ancient Egypt Ancient Egypt Experienced Three Experienced Three

Time Periods :Time Periods :

The Middle Kingdom

2050 BC - 1800 BC

The Middle Kingdom

2050 BC - 1800 BC

The Old KingdomThe Old Kingdom

2700 BC - 2200 BC2700 BC - 2200 BC

The New KingdomThe New Kingdom1550 BC - 1100 BC1550 BC - 1100 BC

The Old Kingdom (2700-2200BC)

This was the Pyramid Age. (Over 80 were built)

The ruler was called the Pharaoh (King). This form of government is called a

The Pharaoh was considered a god. A nation ruled by the religious leaders is called a Theocracy

The basis of the economy was Agriculture

There were few slaves in this kingdom since there were few wars.Capital city:

MemphisThe ruler who united Egypt: Menes

Monarchy

The Main crops were Wheat & Barley

Why did the Pharaoh wear a double crown?Why did the Pharaoh wear a double crown?

To represent that the

Pharaoh was ruler of both the Upper &

Lower Kingdoms.

The Middle Kingdom (2050-1800BC)

Faced many problems: Nile did not flood as muchNile did not flood as much

Food shortagesFood shortages

RebellionsRebellions

InvasionsInvasions

They were invaded by the Hyksos from Asia. The Hyksos had a weapon the Egyptians lacked,

The ChariotThe Chariot

The New Kingdom (1550-1100BC)

Used chariots to become stronger.

Conquered Nubia, Palestine, and Syria.

Began to use captives as slaves.

Capital city: ThebesThebes

Two famous rulers from this period:

King Tutankhamen (Tut)Ramses IIKing Tutankhamen (Tut)Ramses II

The Great Pyramids at Giza The Great Pyramids at Giza

What was the purpose of the pyramids?

They were tombs of the Pharaohs.

The pyramid of Zoser, also known as the step pyramid.

The great pyramid of Cheops. It is 484 feet high and had 2.3 million blocks of stone each weighing over 2 tons. The base covers 13 acres.

The Sphinx

King Tut’s Mummy

King Tut’sDeath Mask

If the Egyptians had many gods, what kind of religion did they have?

Polytheistic

Sobek- crocodile headed god Kheper- god of rising sun Maat- Goddess of truth

of the Nile. and justice

Osiris- god of the dead Isis- wife of Osiris, Amon-Re- the sun god.

protector of children

Egyptian writing is called hieroglyphics.

Ramses II

Ruins at Thebes

The End