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Ancient Egypt

vocabulary week #1

Nile River over 4,000 miles

longFertile Soil

fertile soil

desert

desertNile Uses:

DrinkingFishing

CleaningBathingCooking Irrigation

Kemet- black land, fertile land next to river

Predictable floodingEvery July-October

•leave blank for map

cataracts-rapids

In the beginning they had Hunters and Gatherers and Nomads

Lower Egypt

Memphis

Upper Egypt

Narmer:

*Lower Egypt took over Upper Egypt and King Narmer ruled both in the city of Memphis*Memphis was in between both kingdoms, it became known as Narmer Dynasty

Old Kingdom

•Made people pay taxes

•was the law

•people obeyed because they thought he was son of Re (sun god)

•believed they needed strong leader to prosper

Pharaoh’s

Old Kingdom

•Because they mummified they became specialists in medicine

•Mummified because they believed you needed a body for the afterlife

•Built to bury kings, the entrance always faced north

Pyramids

Great Pyramid of Giza*Built for King Khufu

Size of 9 football fields1/7 Ancient Wonders of the World

•Worshipped many gods and goddesses (dieties)

•Re-Sun god and Hapi-Nile god

Old Kingdom

Middle Kingdom

•No more pyramids, put tombs inside cliffs “VALLEY OF THE KINGS”

•Then the Hyksos (from Asia) fought Egypt and won. Hyksos had chariots and stronger weapons. Hyksos ruled for 150 years

•Prince Ahmose led people in Egypt to uprise and chased Hyksos out of Egypt (this started New Kingdom)

King Tut

•mask

New Kingdom1500 Prince Ahmose

1473 Queen Hatsheput-very beautiful queen who wore mens clothing. She built up trade (wood) and built many temples

Thutmose III -conquered lands and enslaved the people. Destroyed all of aunts temples that she built.

1370 Amenhotep IV- got rid of all the gods except one called Aton/Aten. He was so focused on his one god that he let his other duties slide and he was attacked and conquered

New Kingdom King Tut (mask) -Tutankhamen - most famous King because they found his tomb in 1922 by Howard Carter. He was only 10 years old when he took the throne and he died at 19. He reestablished the old religion of many gods

1200 Rameses-(AKA Rameses the Great) regained lands and rebuilt empire. Rebuilt Sphinx (lion body and person head). Had over 100 children

*Temples were houses for the gods and to store treasures*Most common people prayed at home

Kush

2000 BC settlers in Nubia (hunters and gatherers)

Kerma-was a powerful village, had strong warriors,that took over weaker villages

Thutmose III (new kingdom) attacked Kerma and won. Egypt controlled this area for 700 years

850 BC King Kashta (Kush) started battle with Egypt, died in battle and his son (Piye) finished the battle. Kush won and had control over Egypt

600 BC Assyrians (Sargon the Great) took over Egypt

Kush moved out of reach of the Assyrians to a new city called Meroe

Meroe became a HUGE trade city

Memphis

IRONIRON

Kush/Nubia

Meroe- trade

Meritterean Sea

delta