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George Washington on Political Parties (p. 770)

“The disorders and miseries which result gradually incline the minds of men to seek security and repose in the absolute power of an individual; and sooner or later the chief of some prevailing faction, more able or more fortunate than his competitors, turns this disposition to the purposes of his own elevation, on the ruins of public liberty.

Without looking forward to an extremity of this kind (which nevertheless ought not to be entirely out of sight), the common and continual mischiefs of the spirit of party are sufficient to make it the interest and duty of a wise people to discourage and restrain it.

It serves always to distract the public councils and enfeeble the public administration. It agitates the community with ill-founded jealousies and false alarms, kindles the animosity of one part against another, foments occasionally riot and insurrection. It opens the door to foreign influence and corruption, which finds a facilitated access to the government itself through the channels of party passions. Thus the policy and the will of one country are subjected to the policy and will of another. “

In your notes briefly describe what Washington was trying to say (3 min)

THE MOST IMPORTANT ISSUE IN REGARDS TO POLITICAL PARTIES IN THE UNITED STATES

IS WHAT THE ROLE OF THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT

SHOULD BE

History of Political Parties Federalists 1789-1820 Democratic Republican 1796-1832 National Republican1828-1836 Democratic 1832-Present Whig 1834-1864 Republican 1856-Present P. 274

Two Party System History First two political

parties Federalists and Anti-Federalists

Founded over issues of role of federal government

Anti-Federalists turned into Democratic-Republicans

Federalists (1789-1820)- Adams, HamiltonDemocratic-Republicans (1796-1832)- Jefferson, Madison

Current Parties/Democratic Founded in support

of Andrew Jackson Believed in small

government A break-away from

the Democratic-Republicans

Current Parties/Republicans Founded from failed

anti-slavery parties Aimed to end

slavery by using a larger federal government

First President Elected › Abraham Lincoln

The Switch Election of 1912

› Teddy Roosevelt runs as independent against former VP Taft

› Progressive (liberal) Republicans leave party for Roosevelt

› Join Democrats in 1916 under liberal Wilson

The Switch Civil Rights

› President Johnson stops state sponsored segregation

› Pro-segregation Democrats leave party for Republicans

Modern Views

The Symbol of the Democratic Party is?

The donkey is neither a horse nor a mule.

Its confused about the past.

The donkey is stubborn The donkey is small Most donkeys are not

noted for their intelligence.

Donkeys do not work well with others

Can you name these historically famous Democrats?

The Symbol of the Republican Party is?

Adlai Stevenson provided one of the most clever descriptions of the Republican's symbol when he said, "The elephant has a thick skin, a head full of ivory, and as everyone who has seen a circus parade knows, proceeds best by grasping the tail of its predecessor.“

“Elephants have small brains and they love to unquestionably follow their leader….trunk to tail”

Can you name these historically famous Republicans?

CENTRIST AMERICAN POLITICS SINCE THE FOUNDING OF THIS

NATION, AMERICAN VOTERS HAVE SHUNNED EXTREMISM. POLITICAL PARTIES THAT HAVE EXTREME SOLUTIONS TO PROBLEMS IN AMERICAN SOCIETY, USUALLY RECEIVE LITTLE IF ANY POLITICAL SUPPORT FROM THE AMERICAN PUBLIC

AMERICAN VOTERS LIKE POLITICS CENTRIST…NOT TOO LIBERAL NOT TOO CONSERVATIVE. Goldie Locks Anyone?

EXTREME LIBERALISM IS LIKENED TO COMMUNISM

EXTREME CONSERVATISM IS LIKENED TO FASCISM

POLITICAL PARTYS THAT EXIST IN AMERICA, BUT APPEAL TO A SMALL NUMBER OF VOTERS INCLUDE:

LIBERTARIAN (CONSERVATIVE)

SOCIALIST (LIBERAL)

NEO NAZI (CONSERVATIVE)

GREEN PARTY (LIBERAL)

Political Left and Right

Left of center is considered liberal. The farther left the more extreme. Democrats are to the left of center or more liberal.› Big Government, Social Independence , Regulated Economy, Alliance Based Foreign Policy

Right of center is considered conservative. The farther right the more extreme. Republicans are to the right of center or more conservative› Small Government, Moral Social Obligations, Free Market Economy, US lead Foreign Policy

In groups determine where on the political spectrum the following statements belong Liberal, Conservative, Radical Liberal, Ultra Conservative, or Moderate

1. Workers need to be protected from employers2. America should do what it wants in foreign policy even if it is

alone internationally3. There should be no government involvement in the economy4. Collecting any taxes hurts the economy5. Public Nationalized Healthcare is essential to our prosperity6. The Government should protect the environment at the

expense of business7. Education should be privatized8. Enhanced interrogation is necessary for our protection9. The government should control every aspect of the

economy10. The government has the obligation to regulate people on

moral issues

The largest issue that divides Democrats and Republicans is their view on the appropriate scope of government

How much should the government be involved in:› Managing the economy› Taxation› Managing the environment› Relations with other nations› Your personal life› Helping the less fortunate› Protecting people› Education

Make a Table Topic Liberal Example Conservati

veExample

Economy

Taxation

Environment

Relations with other NationsPersonal Life

Helping less fortunateProtecting peopleEducation

DEMOCRATS… THE MORE LIBERAL OF OUR TWO PARTY SYSTEM

Liberals support a more active role for the government in most spheres. In general liberals support:

More regulation by the government to ensure economic standards More governmental regulation of the economy to promote such

goals as: health care for all consumer protection worker protection protecting the environment

More policies to help disadvantaged groups including policies to ensure and expand opportunities for poor people, minorities, and women.

More policies to redistribute income through taxation from those with more to those with less.

Tax structure designed to have people pay proportional to their income with an emphasis on giving poor a smaller tax burden. (Progressive)

Does this mean all democrats support these goals?

What point is the cartoonist trying to make about the president? Based on what you know, what is most likely the political orientation of the illustrator?

REPEAT AFTER ME

WHILE ITS TRUE MOST DEMOCRATS ARE LIBERAL ON MOST ISSUES MOST OF THE TIME.

YOU CAN NOT CONCLUDE THAT ALL DEMOCRATS ARE LIBERAL ON ALL ISSUES ALL OF THE TIME.

REPUBLICANS…THE MORE CONSERVATIVE OF OUR TWO PARTY SYSTEM

Conservatives support a less active or “laissez faire” role for the government in most spheres. In general conservative believe:

Excessive government regulations hurt economic growth. The best form of welfare that can be provided for people is a healthy economy.

Opportunities for disadvantaged groups would be increased through an economy that is not hobbled with excessive government regulation and taxation.

Fewer tax laws that discourage business growth thus allowing for a higher rate of capital investment

Private market solutions are more effective in providing solutions to

Health care for all protecting the environment

Does this mean all republicans support these goals?

What point is the cartoonist trying to make about the president’s health care proposals? Based on what you know, what is most likely the political orientation of the illustrator?

REPEAT AFTER ME

WHILE ITS TRUE MOST REPUBLICANS ARE CONSERVATIVE ON MOST ISSUES MOST OF THE TIME.

YOU CAN NOT CONCLUDE THAT ALL REPUBLICANS ARE CONSERVATIVE ON ALL ISSUES ALL OF THE TIME.

Ideology Quiz: match the following terms

1. Far Right2. Far Left3. Moderate

Right4. Moderate

Left

A.ConservativeB.Radical

Liberal C.Ultra

ConservativeD.Liberal