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AP Statistics Section 3.1B Correlation

AP Statistics Section 3.1B Correlation

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AP Statistics Section 3.1B Correlation. A scatterplot displays the direction , form and the strength of the relationship between two quantitative variables. Linear relations are particularly important because a straight line is a simple pattern that is quite common. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Page 1: AP Statistics Section 3.1B Correlation

AP Statistics Section 3.1BCorrelation

Page 2: AP Statistics Section 3.1B Correlation

A scatterplot displays the direction, form and the strength of the

relationship between two quantitative variables.

Linear relations are particularly important because a straight line is

a simple pattern that is quite common.

Page 3: AP Statistics Section 3.1B Correlation

We say a linear relation is strong if

and weak if

the points lie close to a straight line

they are widely scattered about the line.

Page 4: AP Statistics Section 3.1B Correlation

Relying on our eyes to try to judge the strength of a linear relationship

is very subjective. We will be determining a numerical summary

called the __________.correlation

Page 5: AP Statistics Section 3.1B Correlation

The correlation ( r ) measures the direction and the strength of the linear relationship between two

quantitative variables.

Page 6: AP Statistics Section 3.1B Correlation

The formula for correlation of variables x and y for n individuals is:

Y

in

i X

i

s

YY

s

XX

nr

11

1

etc.

,individual second theY and

X ,individualfirst for the

valuesare Y and X where

2

2

ii

Page 7: AP Statistics Section 3.1B Correlation

TI 83/84: Put data into 2 lists, say STAT CALC 8:LinReg(a+bx) ENTER

Note: If r does not appear,2nd 0 (Catalog) Scroll down to “Diagnostic On”Press ENTER twice

21,LL21 and LL

Page 8: AP Statistics Section 3.1B Correlation

Find r for the data on sparrowhawk colonies from section 3.1 A

7485.r

Page 9: AP Statistics Section 3.1B Correlation

Important facts to remember when interpreting correlation:

1. Correlation makes no distinction between __________ and

________ variables.explanatory

response

Page 10: AP Statistics Section 3.1B Correlation

2. r does not change when we change the unit of measurement

of x or y or both.

Page 11: AP Statistics Section 3.1B Correlation

3. Positive r indicates a ________ association between the variables

and negative r indicates a ________ association.

positive

negative

Page 12: AP Statistics Section 3.1B Correlation

4. The correlation r is always between ___ and ___. Values of r

near 0 indicate a very _____ relationship.

1 1weak

Page 13: AP Statistics Section 3.1B Correlation

Example 1: Match the scatterplots below with their corresponding

correlation r

Page 14: AP Statistics Section 3.1B Correlation

6 4 2 1 3 5

Page 15: AP Statistics Section 3.1B Correlation

Cautions to keep in mind:

Page 16: AP Statistics Section 3.1B Correlation

1. Correlation requires both variables be quantitative.

Page 17: AP Statistics Section 3.1B Correlation

2. Correlation does not describe curved relationships between

variables, no matter how strong.

Page 18: AP Statistics Section 3.1B Correlation

3. Like the mean and standard deviation, the correlation is NOT

resistant to outliers.

Page 19: AP Statistics Section 3.1B Correlation

What effect does adding an outlier have on r and why?

outlier. he without twould

they as linestraight a toclose as lienot do points the

outlier with thebecause zero, closer to move r will

Page 20: AP Statistics Section 3.1B Correlation

4. Correlation is not a complete summary of two-variable data.

Ideally , give the mean and standard deviations of both x and y

along with the correlation.