Application of ICT in Incident Managementmddb.apec.org/Documents/2017/EPWG/SDMOF/17_epwg_sdmof_008.pdf · Aceh) 11th Senior Disaster Management Officials’ Forum Main considerations

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2017/EPWG/SDMOF/008 Thematic Session 1.2

Application of ICT in Incident Management

Submitted by: Singapore

11th Senior Disaster Management Officials Forum Vinh City, Viet Nam

21–22 September 2017

11th Senior Disaster Management Officials’ Forum

Application of ICT in Incident Management

Vinh city, Nghe An Province, Vietnam, September, 21 - 22 , 2017

COL Kadir Maideen Bin MohamedDirector National Service Training Institute

Singapore Civil Defence Force


Scope• Introduction• Major Civil Emergencies in Singapore • Involvement in International DM Scene• Considerations in Information Management during Crisis• Deployment of main ICT Systems for Incident Management • Challenges in Technological Implementations• Conclusion


About Singapore Civil Defence Force (SCDF)• Provide fire-fighting, rescue and emergency ambulance

services

• Mitigate hazardous materials incidents

• Formulate, implement and enforce regulations on fire safety and civil defence shelter matters

• Three-tier command structure: HQ SCDF, 4 territorial CD Divisions, and the ground units comprising fire stations / fire posts

• Incident Manager for Civil Emergencies


Threats We Face• Security - more lethal and varied terrorist attacks,

vulnerability to transnational crime & drug trafficking

• Environmental & Health - regional haze situation, global pandemics

• Social - risks social cohesion given our diverse population and permeable borders

• Safety - Man-made disasters causing loss of lives & properties


Major Civil Emergencies

Sudden incidents involving actual or potential loss of lives or damage to property on a large scale requiring multi-agencies efforts or which may pose grave implications on a domestic, diplomatic or political level


Key Scenarios of Major Civil Emergencies in Singapore

• Major fires• Collapsed buildings and structures• Major Transport incidents• HaMat incidents• Chemical, Biological, Radiological, Explosives (CBRE) related terrorist

acts


Involvement in International Disaster Management Scene

• Deployment to overseas rescue missions since 1990 (e.g.

Apr 2015 Nepal earthquake, Mar 2011 Japan earthquake,

Feb 2011 Christchurch earthquake, May 2008 Sichuan

earthquake, May 2006 Central Java earthquake, Oct 2005

Muzaffarabad earthquake, Dec 2004 Tsunami in Phuket &

Aceh)


Main considerations in Crisis Information Management

SCDF ICT

systems

Effective Commsto Crisis

ManagersProvision of early situation picture

Multi-agency Involvement

Need for interoperable

systemsUnexpected &

Prolonged OperationsPeople management

& equip with alternate telecomms means (wireless / cable) & independent power

supply


Need for Interoperability

• Interoperability ensures agencies able to communicate and speak the same ‘Language’

• Need to move beyond Interoperability

• A common ‘language’, data sets & symbols, and templates for reporting amongst the various agencies will improve incident management.


Provide Effective Situation Picture to Crisis Managers early

• Where possible, emergency incidents should be managed on site or close by to it

• Mobile command posts ready for deployment with the emergency responders

• Emergency authorities involved in consequence management should be aptly represented, round the clock, at the incident site. This will facilitate discussion, coordination and swift decision-making


Unexpected and Prolonged Ops

• Be equipped with alternate telecommunications means and independent power supply

• Start with Wireless. Switch to or Supplement with cabled means

SecuredMobileRadioNetwork

Portable Microwave

Transmission

Mobile Data Terminal


Principles of Support• Planning, Provision & Co-ordination must be done during peacetime, not just

before the emergency to minimise disruption

• Provision of multiple means as usual telecoms infrastructure and networks maybe disabled

• Use of privately owned resources to reduce reliance on public networks


Pre-Incident Planning and Preparation

Initial Response

Enhanced Response

Ops Civil Emergency

(CE)

Recovery

Deployment of Main ICT systems for Incident Management

Response

Incident Management Cycle


Operations Terrain Mapping (OTM)• Allows keying in, storage, searching of critical

installations information

• Facilitates demographic profiling

• Wirelessly accessed, to aid in command and control of incidents


Crisis Information Management System (CIMS)

• Strategic decision support system to facilitate management of incident information and command decisions

• Wirelessly accessed


HazMat Transportation Vehicle Tracking System (HTVTS)

• Real live tracking of all local and foreign Hazmat vehicles carrying bulk petroleum, flammable matters, and toxics in Singapore

• Utilises GPS, GPRS and RFID technology

• 24x7 Monitoring at HQ SCDF

• Ability to immobilise errant vehicles


Sensitive Security Materials (SSM) Data Hub

• SSM refers to non-traditional sources of materials that may be exploited for subversive use, e.g. toxic industrial chemicals, explosives and precursors, biological agents, radioactive materials, poisons & flammable materials

• Integrated SSM data hub provides information from various domestic agencies

• Provides situational picture, risk analysis and security control on SSM landscape


ACES• Advanced C3 Emergency System – Main Command & Control System of SCDF• Modular concept & features including:

Real-time mobile Video Transmission Dynamic Routing using Live Traffic info Emergency Ambulance Dispatching and

Monitoring


HazMat Incident Management System (HIMS)

Near real time transmission of sensor information for generation of Hazmat plume using GPS and 3G technology on GIS map

Aid management of HazMat incident by providing SCDF with comprehensive CBRE resources by linking up various databases and a search engine


Trunked Radio System (TRS)

• Common communications platform• Supports both data & voice communication

• Provides private & secured network for communications between Control Room, Commanders and ground responders


Satellite Comms

• Equip SCDF with broadband satellite communication means

• Capable of streaming live broadcast quality video from incident site within 45 minutes upon activation

Portable Terminal 1

SatelliteHQ SCDF


Automatic Recall and Mobilisation System (ARMS)

• The system facilitates HQ SCDF/Division HQ/ Fire Stations to conduct their recall and mobilisation of personnel, with the following functions:

• Systematic method of Recalling of personnel via mobile phone, fixed line phone, SMS

• Attendance taking of recalled personnel both at HQ and at Site• Generate various recall and mobilisation reports


Public Warning System

• Island-wide warning system• Sirens at strategic points in Singapore • Emergency or in major peacetime incidents• Provides warning to the populace• Alarm : sounded when air raid is imminent• All Clear : sounded when threat is over• Important Message : sounded when populace is to be alerted to

an important broadcast on radio


Emergency Broadcast System (EBS)

• Capable of over riding domestic Broadcaster’s free-to- air radio and television programs

• Allow broadcasting of emergency advisory to populace


Challenges in Technological Implementations

SCDF ICT Systems

Technology Obsolescence

Overcoming short lifespan of system hardware/software

Funding Building cost-

effective solution architectures with limited tech funds

Change ManagementNeed for systems to

meet evolving operational needs &

customers’ expectations

People Management“ICT systems are

only as good as the people using it”


Conclusion• Technology is a critical enabler for Incident Management

• The journey is not a straightforward one, and begins with investments to bring up IT literacy of people and developing domestic-level infrastructure.

• With all these in place, comes increased demands for ICT deployment in operations


Thank You