Ascochyta fabae Speg.tishreen.edu.sy/sites/default/files/Tishreen_Magazine/12_3.pdfAscochyta fabae Speg. ١٦٤ Tishreen University Journal for Research and Scientific Studies - Biological

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Tishreen University Journal for Research and Scientific Studies - Biological Sciences Series Vol. (30) No. (2) 2008

Ascochyta fabae Speg.

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Ascochyta fabae

Pathotypes

Ascochyta fabae

*

**

***


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Tishreen University Journal for Research and Scientific Studies - Biological Sciences Series Vol. (30) No. (2) 2008

A Morphological and Pathogenic Study of Ascochyta fabae Speg. Isolates collected from different Syrian

Governorates.

Ali Sbeih* Dr. Bassam bayaa **

Dr. Mathew Abang*** Dr. Mahmoud Hassan ****

Dr. Watfa Ibrahim *****

(Received 23 / 10 / 2007. Accepted 26/3/٢٠٠٨)

� ABSTRACT �

A Morphological characterization is carried out on Syrian isolates of Ascochyta fabae

collected from different Syrian governorates (Aleppo, Idleb, Hama, Lattakia, Tartous). Results reveal differences between isolates in colony color, mycelium texture, sporulation, colony diameter, and growth rate. 18% of single spore isolates show differences in replicates. It is not possible to classify isolates according to their geographical origin or the part collected from it. The patho-types of 30 isolates, taken from the same field (in Idleb), and 10 others taken from different Syrian governorates reveal the presence of 8 pathotypes, 6 of which are from one field. According to cluster analysis results, no correlation could be traced between isolates belonging to the same pathotype and their morphological properties.

Keywords: Ascochyta blight, Ascochyta fabae, Vicia faba, morphological characteristics, pathogenicity. Syria

* Post graduate student, Department of Plant Protection, Faculty , Agriculture, Tishreen University,

Lattakia, Syria **Professor, Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Aleppo University, Aleppo.Syria *** Researcher, ICARDA. Aleppo.Syria ****Professor, Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Tishreen University, Lattakia. Syria. *****Researcher, Agriculture scientific research center , Lattakia. Lattakia, Syria.

Tishreen University Journal. Bio. Sciences Series ٢٠٠٨) 2(العدد ) ٣٠( العلوم البیولوجیة المجلد مجلة جامعة تشرین

١٦٥

Ascochyta fabae

Hanounik, 1980

Gaunt, 1983

BiotypesA. fabae

Kharbanda and Bernier, 1980; Kohpina et al., 1999

A. fabae

Kharbanda and Bernier, 1980; Ali, 1985

Bayaa and Kabbabeh, 2000

A. fabae

˚


١٦٦

Giza 4

˚

˚

Laminar air flow

Kohpina et

al.,SarGHLat

DarTarA, B, C, D

LSP

˚

Haemocytometer Thoma


١٦٧

KohpinaKohpina et al.,

ILB 1820 Giza 4 BPL 818, BPL 471

ILB 1814Hanounik and Robertson, 1989

BPL 230

ILB 463Ascot

15

Bernier et al., 1984

10.5)

3

(2-1:5

7

9

AUDPC

(Chen and Line, 1995) AUDPC= ∑[(Xi+ Xi+1)/2](Ti+1- Ti)

XiXi+1

(Ti+1- Ti)

BPL 230 ILB 142

BPL 818 ILB 549

BPL 471 ILB 287

ILB 1814

Giza 4 ILB 1820

ILB 463 NEB 463

AscotILB 1593


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Morphotype

A. fabae


١٦٩

A. fabae

1

0.59 1

0.018 -0.002 1

0.09 0.14 0.01 1

0.03 -0.04 0.15 0.79 1

CV=235.7%

a

b

b

b

b

b

LSD

CV=243.4%

a

b

b

LSD


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Pathotypes

Sar 2

RS.

Pathotypes/races

Sar 2

TarGH

Sar 2-D-S5

Sar 2-D-L2.

Sar 2-C-L7GH-S

GH-L1

GH-S

Ascot

Ascot

BPL 471


١٧١

GH- L1,Tar-S1

Ascot

)Sar 2-B-P1 ،Sar 2-D-P1، Sar 2-C-L2, Sar 2-D-L3 ، Sar 2-B-P3 ،GH-S ،Dar-p1 ،Lat-P2 ،Sar 2-A-L4 ،Sar 2-B- S1 ،٢Sar 2-B-L ،Sar 1-D-L1 ،Sar 2-D-S5 ،Sar 2-D-S4 ،Sar 2-D-S1.(

BPL 471:

) Sar 2-D-S6 ، Sar 2-D-S4 ،Sar 2-D-P1 ،Sar 2-D-L1 ، Sar 2-C-L5،Sar 2-B-L2،Sar 2-B-S1، Sar 2-A-P1، Sar 2-A-L4، Sar 2-A-S1 ،Sar 2-A-L1 ،Sar 2-D-S5،Sar 2-D-S3.(

AscotSar 2-A-L3Giza 4

Sar 2-B-P3

***

BPL 230

BPL 471

ILB 1814

BPL 818

ILB 463

GIZA 4 ASCOT

Dar P4-6, Lat-P1, Sar 2-B-L1, Sar 2-C-L4, Sar 2-D-L2, Sar 2-D-L4, Sar 2-D-S5, Sar 2-D-S6,

Tar-S2

S S S S S S S 1

GH-S, Dar-P2, Lat-P2, Sar 1-B-L1, Sar 2-A-L3, Sar 2-B-P3, Sar 2-C-L1, Sar 2-C-L3, Sar 2-C-L6, Sar 2-C-L7, Sar 2-D-S2, Sar 2-D-L3, Sar 2-D-P1, Sar 2-D-S1, Sar 2-D-S3, Sar 1-D-L1

S S S S S S R 2

Sar 2-A-S1, Sar 2-S R S S S S S 3


١٧٢

A-L2 Sar 2-A-L4, Sar 2-A-L1, Sar 2-B-S1, Sar 2-B-L2, Sar 2-B-P1, Sar 2-B-P2, Sar 2-C-L5, Sar 2-D-L1, Sar 2-D-S4

S R S S S S R 4

Sar 2-C-L2 R S S S S S R 5 Sar 2-A-P1 R R S S S S R 6

Tar-S1 S R R R S R R 7 GH-L1 R R R R R R R 8

RS

**A, B, C, D

LSP

A. fabae

%

AUDPC

AUDPC

AUDPC

AUDPC

GH-L1 15.3 0 1.2 2.1 132.2 0 4.2 28.9

GH-S 37.0 5.81 14.2 4.4 659.5 43.5 63.8 71.3

Dar-P4-6 41.2 6.19 24.3 5.3 716.6 55.8 101.2 79.9

Dar-P1 34.0 4.76 20.6 4.9 615.2 40.8 85.0 78.0

Lat-P1 47.6 6.57 31.3 5.1 836.7 61.0 144.0 82.7

Lat-P2 39.6 6.52 22.1 5.0 685.8 59.3 89.0 77.6

Sar 2-A-L1 38.9 7.42 29.2 5.3 702.0 69.0 154.5 86.9

Sar 2-A-S1 31.4 6.38 23.6 4.5 517.2 50.8 105.0 69.0


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Sar 2-A-L2 37.2 7.76 25.9 5.3 675.8 55.3 116.7 85.1

Sar 2-A-L3 37.9 7.19 28.4 5.2 641.1 65.3 125.7 81.6

Sar 2-A-L4 83.6 4.52 18.7 4.4 690.0 40.8 89.5 68.9

Sar 2-A-P1 33.1 5.14 25.2 4.1 588.0 48.6 123.7 66.9

Sar 2-B-L1 44.3 10.4 25.1 5.6 685.5 74.7 115.2 85.6

Sar 2-B-S1 30.1 5.29 19.2 4.3 520.5 45.5 77.3 65.5

Sar 2-B-L2 39.2 7.52 22.7 4.7 671.0 56.3 110.8 75.8

Sar 2-B-P1 36.4 6.95 24.3 4.7 594.9 60.3 103.2 75.8

Sar 2-B-P2 35.3 7 20.6 4.7 636.8 54.8 96.3 74.9

Sar 2-B-P3 31.4 7.38 23.2 4.9 538.9 61.8 97.5 75.8

Sar 2-C-L1 39.2 6.66 23.5 5.0 633.6 57.5 108.7 81.4

Sar 2-C-L2 31.3 5.61 22.4 4.5 527.7 51.7 101.8 70.7

Sar 2-C-L3 38.2 9.42 24.7 5.6 694.4 78.7 116.3 87.0

Sar 2-C-L4 36.4 6.14 23.1 5.0 636.1 54.2 109.2 77.6

Sar 2-C-L5 37.7 5.9 23.6 4.6 678.6 54.0 90.8 73.8

Sar 2-C-L6 40.4 7.19 23.4 5.0 732.4 60.7 107.2 84.8

Sar 2-C-L7 44.1 10 24.2 5.4 761.0 70.7 105.0 84.0

Sar 2-D-L1 24.5 0.47 4.0 3.6 251.5 2.67 14.2 44.0

Sar 2-D-S2 41.6 27.5 5.1 699.0 66.7 119.1 77.0

Sar 2D-L2 39.2 18.8 5.2 661.5 57.5 72.7 75.0

Sar 2-D-L3 42.5 32.0 5.3 770.4 92.7 156.5 87.0

Sar 2-D-L4 37.5 19.2 5.1 612.0 58.0 88.2 74.8

Sar 2-D-P1 43.9 34.7 5.4 764.2 76.5 153.8 83.9

Sar 2-D-S1 41.7 20.6 5.0 719.3 63.5 103.2 78.9

Sar 2-D-S3 34.7 2.38 15.6 4.4 503.0 14.7 67.3 64.6

Sar 2-D-S4 40.7 28.7 4.8 693.3 73.7 121.0 79.0

Sar 2-D-S5 42.4 7.90 30.6 5.0 738.7 74.8 126.3 78.1

Sar 2-D-S6 41.6 4.90 18.0 5.0 704.0 41.0 80.2 75.8


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Sar 1-B-L1 42.4 22.0 4.7 669.5 44.2 105.0 74.9

Sar 1-D-L1 39.2 22.5 4.9 670.2 54.0 106.2 79.7

Tar-S1 16.5 0 0.0 2.3 106.8 0 0 28.9

Tar-S2 46.4 40.9 5.7 868.1 102.2 192.2 93.2

AUDPC

AUDPC

AUDPC

AUDPC

AUDPC

%

*

1

AUDPC

0.935

1

AUDPC

0.913

0.948 1

AUDPC

0.81 0.907 0.84 1

AUDPC

0.812

0.895 0.886 0.84 1

AUDPC

0.846

0.92 0.792 0.89 0.816 1

0.801

0.843 0.837 0.756 0.952 0.755 1

%

0.761

0.55 0.666 0.44 0.46 0.438 0.449 1


١٧٥

0.814

0.91 0.843 0.98 0.855 0.897 0.774 0.443 1

0.85 0.91 0.79 0.87 0.83 0.97 0.78 0.44 0.87 1

*(Disease index)

Ri


١٧٦

Ascochyta fabaeKohpina

et al.,1999

Tivoli and Maurin,1992

Kohpina et al.,1999

Tivoli and Maurin,1992

Kharbanda and Bernier

Kohpina et

al.,1999

Ali, 1985

Rashid et

al., 1991Kohpina et al., 1999Hanounik and Robertson, 1989

A. fabaeKharrat et al.,

2000

Yakop et al., 1997

Rashid et al., 1991Kharrat et al., 2000


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A.

fabae

ALI, F. H. Evaluation of the components of resistance to Ascochyta fabae Speg. on faba bean inbred lines (Vicia faba L.) and the effect of temperature on mycelia growth of ten isolates of A. fabae. MSc Thesis, The University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada. 1985.

BAYAA, B.; KABBABEH, S. First Record in Syria of Didymella fabae Jellis & Punithalingam, the Teleomorph of Ascochyta fabae Speg. and the Causal Organism of Faba Bean Blight. Plant Disease, 2000, 84, 9,1044

BERNIER, C. C.; HANOUNIK, S. B.; HUSSEN, M. M. and MOHAMED, H. A. Feild manual of comon bean diseases in the Nile valley. ICARDA inform. Bull., 1984,3, 40.

CHEN, X.; LINE, R. F. Gene action in wheat cultivars for durable, high-temperature, adult plant resistance and interaction with race-specific, seedling resistance to Puccinia striiformis. Phytopathology.1995, 85, 567-572

GAUNT, R .E. Shoot diseases caused by fungal pathogens. In:Hebblethwaite PD, ed. The

Faba Bean (Vicia faba L.). London, UK: Butterworths, 1983, 463-492

HANOUNIK, S. B. Effect of chemical treatments and host genotypes on disease severity/ yield relationships of Ascochyta blight in faba beans. FABIS Newsletter. 1980, 2, 50.

HANOUNIK, S. B., and ROBERTSON, L. D. Resistance in Vicia faba germplasm to blight caused by Ascochyta fabae. Plant Disease, 1989, 73, 202- 205.

KHARBANDA, P. D., and BERNIER, C. C. Cultural and pathogenic variability among isolates of Ascochyta fabae. Canadian Journal of Plant Pathology, 1980, 2, 139- 142.

KOHPINA, S., R. KNIGHT and STODDARD, F. L. Variability of Ascochyta fabae in South Australia. Australian Journal of Agricultural Research, 1999, 50, 1475–1481

KHARRAT, M. B.; TIVOLI, J.; LEGUEN. characterisation of Tunisian Ascochyta fabae isolates, causel agent of blight of faba bean. Annels de l'INRAT, 2000, 73, 91-104..

RASHID, K. Y., BERNIER, C. C., and CONNER, R. L. Evaluation of Fava bean for resistance to Ascochyta fabae and development of host differentials for race identification. Plant Disease, 1991, 75, 852- 855.

TIVOLI, B.; MAURIN, N. Strain variability of Ascochyta fabae. Proc. Of the First European conference on Grain Legume, Angers (France), 1992, 339-340.

YAKOP, U. M.; PAULL, J. G. RAMSEY, M. Variation in the resistance of faba bean ( Vicia faba L.) to Ascochyta blight in Australia. Abstract, Third International of Food Lequme Research Conference. Adelaide (Australia), 22-26 Septemper 1997, 159.


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Ascochyta fabae Speg.tishreen.edu.sy/sites/default/files/Tishreen_Magazine/12_3.pdfAscochyta fabae Speg. ١٦٤ Tishreen University Journal for Research and Scientific Studies - Biological