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8/11/2019 Ash Disposal System
1/10
Q j Y i
European
Patent
Office
^ m ^ r 9
Office
europeen
des
brevets
yi)
Publication
number: 0
0 3 1
0 9 8
A1
^ c u r tu r tMIM KAItlMI APPLICATION
Application
number:
80107837.9
@
|nt.
CI.3:
F
23 J
1/02
Date of
filing:
11.12.80
S)
Priority:
13.12.79 US
102722
Applicant:
COMBUSTION
ENGINEERING,INC.1000 Prospect Hill Road
_
, , ,.
Windsor,
Connecticut
06095IUS)
) Date
of
publication of
application
:
01.07.81
Bulletin
81/26
Inventor:
Cozza,
Anthony
James
17
Rockwell
Place
^
S? d
Contracting
States:
West
Hartford
Connecticut(US)
DE FR GB
SE
@
Inventor:
Singer,
Joseph Gerard
28
Burnwood
Drive
Bloomfield
Connecticut(US)
Representative:
Patentanwalte
Henkel-Kern-Feiler-Hanzel
Mohlstrasse
37
D-8000
Munchen
80(DE)
S
,
1
..........
uuni(,i
yCU
OOiapCI.
Apparatus
for
handling
ash
and
slag
produced
in
the
combustion of
coal
or
other
ash-bearing
fuel in
the furnace
(10)
of
a
steam
generator, including
an
ash
hopper
(14)
beneath
the furnace into
which
the ash
initially
falls.
A
pair
of
scraper
conveyors
(30,32) which
are submerged
in
water
are
located
below
the
ash
hopper
(14)
from
which
the ash is
continuously disposed
of. Water
nozzles
(40)
are
located
in
the
ash
hopper
(14)
for
cooling
and
moving
the
ash.
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The
i n v e n t i o n
r e l a t e s
to
an a s h - d i s p o s a l
s y s t e m
f or a s h e s
d i s c h a r g e d
f ro m
a
c o a l - f i r e d
or
o t h e r
a s h - b e a r i n g
f u e l -
f i r e d
c o m b u s t i o n
c h a m b e r .
In
c o a l - f i r e d
s t e a m
g e n e r a t o r s ,
th e
ma n n e r
i n w h ic h t h e
ash
is
h a n d l e d a n d
d i s p o s e d
of is
an
i t e m
of
c o n s i d e r a b l e
i m p o r t a n c e .
The
e q u i p m e n t
fo r
h a n d l i n g
t h e . a s h ca n no t
o n l y
be
c o s t l y ,
b u t
i f
i t
r e q u i r e s
much
m a i n t e n a n c e ,
i t
can
a l s o
l e a d
to
u n t i m e l y
and
l e n g t h y
s h u t - d o w n s o f
t he e n t i r e
s t e a m
g e n e r a t o r .
T h e i n v e n t i o n
as
c l a i m e d
i s i n t e n d e d t o
p r o v i d e
a
r e m e d y
by p r o v i d i n g
an
a s h - h a n d l i n g or
a s h - d i s p o s a l
s y s t e m
f o r
th e
f u r n a c e s
of
s te a m
g e n e r a t o r s ,
i n c l u d i n g
a n
ash
h o p p e r
b e n e a t h
t h e f u r n a c e
i n t o
wh ic h
t h e
ash and
s l a g
i n i t i a l l y f a l l s . A p a i r of
s c r a p e r c o n ve y o r s
wh ic h are s u b -
me rg e d
i n w a t e r
a re
l o c a t e d b e l o w
the ash
h o p p e r
from
w h i c h
th e
ash
is
c o n t i n u o u s l y d i s p o s e d
o f .
Wa te r
n o z z l e s
a r e
l o c a t e d i n t h e a sh
h o p p e r
fo r
c o o l i n g
and moving
t h e a s h .
One
way
of
c a r r y i n g
out
t he i n v e n t i o n
is
d e s c r i b e d
i n d e -
t a i l b e l o w
w i t h
r e f e r e n c e
to
d r a w i n g s
wh i c h i l l u s t r a t e
o n l y
one s p e c i f i c
e m b o d i m e n t
i n w h i c h :
F i g u r e
1
is
a
c r o s s - s e c t i o n a l
s i d e
v ie w
of
th e
ash
h a n d l i n g
a p p a r a t u s
f o r
th e
f u r n a c e o f
a
s te a m
g e n e r a t o r ;
a n d
F i g u r e
2 is
a
v i e w t a k e n
on
l ine 2-2 of
F i g u r e
1 .
R e f e r r i n g
to
F i g u r e
1,
numera l 10
d e n o t e s
t h e f u r n a c e
b o t t o m
o p e n i n g
of
a
c o a l - f i r e d
s te a m
g e n e r a t o r ,
t h r o u g h
which
m o l t e n
ash
and
s l a g
a re d i s c h a r g e d .
A wa te r
s e a l
12
p e r m i t s
t h e r m a l
e x p a n s i o n of th e t o p - s u p p o r t e d f u r n a c e , w h i l e p r e v e n t i n g
e x p o s u r e
of t he i n t e r i o r of a sh
h o p p e r
14
to
th e
a t m o s p h e r e .
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Ash
f a l l s
into the ash
hopper
(Figure
2),
s l i d i n g
down
the
a n g l e d
f lo o r
to
one
o f - t h e
openings
18,20.
These
openings
can
be
c losed
b y
gates
22 ,-24 when
n e c e s s a ry ,
as
l a t e r
descr ibed . This
hopper
m a y o r
may
not be
r e f r a c t o r y - l i n e d
and
may or may
not
be
w a t e r - c o o l e d .
The ash fa l ls through the openings 18, 20 into one or t h e
other
of
the
l o n g i t u d i n a l
tanks
26,
28. Each tank
conta ins
a
s c r a p e r
conveyor
30, 32,
the
upper
runs
of
which
a re s u b me rg e d ,
or
l o c a t e d
beneath
the
water
level maintained in
each tank.
The
upper
runs
o f
the
conveyors
carry
the c l inkers
to
the
end
o f t h e
tanks ,
where
t h e y
can
be
discharged
into
trucks
or
onto
mechanical
conveyors
(not
shown)
and
t r a n s p o r t e d
away.
A
p o r t io n
of
the
water
in
the
tanks
is
c o n -
s t a n t l y
removed and
re p le n i s h e d
to
maintain the
main
body
of
w a t e r
at
a te mp e ra tu re
not
exceeding
160F
( 7 1 C ) .
In normal
o p e r a t i o n ,
the
conveyors
are
in
c o n s ta n t
o p e r a -
t io n ,
continuously removing
ash.
When
one
of the
conveyors
need
r e p a i r ,
i t s
c o r re s p o n d in g
gate
valve,
for
example 22,
can
be
c l o s e d ,
so
all of the ash is
then
discharged
through
opening
20 into tank
28.
Tank
26
can
then
be drained so -t ha t the
conveyor
30,
or
o ther b roken
equipment, can
be
re p a i re d
without
n e c e s s i t a t i n g
shutdown
of the
s team
g e n e r a t o r .
If both
conveyors
need
some
minor
r e p a i r s s i m u l t a n e o u s l y ,
both
gate
valves 22 and 24
can
be closed. Water from the nozzles 40
can
then
be used.to
fi ll the ash
hopper
14
to
a
g i v e n l e v e l ,
and
t h e
ash
can
be
t e m p o r a r i l y
stored in
the
ash
hopper
for
a
s h o r t t ime
while
minor
r e p a i r
or
maintenance work is done
to
the
conveyors .
An
overf low
pipe
42
keeps
the water at
a
c o n s ta n t
level
during
th is
t y p e
of
o p e r a t i o n .
The
water
nozzles 40
provide
an
a d d i t i o n a l
fu n c t io n .
During
normal
o p e r a t i o n ,
they
d i r e c t
j e t s
or
sprays
of
water
onto the
f a l l i n g
ash, thus provid ing h y d r a u l i c f r a c t u r i n g and s l u i c i n g o f l a rg e a s h
p a r t i c l e s ,
p revent ing
the
openings
18 and 20
from
becoming clogged.
A l t e r n a t i v e l y ,
the
gates
can
be
kept
c losed ,
and
the ash
hopper
n o r -
mally
f i l l e d
with
water.
The
gates
could then
be
i n t e r m i t t e n t l y
opened
to
allow
d is c h a rg e
of the
a s h .
From
the
above,
i t
can
be
seen
tha t
in
normal
o p e r a t i o n ,
the
ash
is
c o n t i n u o u s l y
removed
by
both
of the
scraper
c o n v e y o rs .
Fa l l in g
ash
from
fur nace 10 st ri ke s sur fac e 16 of
the
ash
h o p p e r ,
p re v e n t in g
damage
to the
conveyors
30,
32. The
drop
from
the
a s h
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hopper
bottom to
the
conveyors
is
r e l a t i v e l y
short
compared
to
t h e
he igh t
of
the
ash
hopper.
When
re p a i r
work is
required
on
one
of
the conveyors , the ash is removed by the other one. This is
accomplished
without
the
n e c e s s i ty
of
moving
the tank
and
conveyor
and
also
without
s h u t t in g
down
the steam
g e n e ra to r .
In
a d d i t i o n ,
minor maintenance
can
be done to
both
of
the
conveyors
while
t h e
ash
is
t e mp o ra r i ly
stored
in
the
ash
hopper
14.
Ce r ta in ly ,
t h e
length
of time
of this
o p e ra t io n
is l imited
by
the ash
s t o r a g e
c a p a c i ty
of
the
hopper
14.
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1.
An
a s h - d i s p o s a l
s y s t e m
f o r a s h e s
d i s c h a r g e d
from
a
c o a l - f i r e d
or
o t h e r
a s h - b e a r i n g
f u e l - f i r e d
c o m b u s t i o n
c h a m b e r
( 1 0 ) ,
i n c l u d i n g
an
ash
h o p p e r
(14)
p o s i t i o n e d
b e n e a t h
t h e
c o m b u s t i o n
c h a m b e r
(10)
i n t o w h i c h t h e
ash
f a l l s ,
s p r a y
n o z z l e s
(40)
f o r
d i r e c t i n g
w a t e r
j e t s
o n t o t h e
f a l l i n g
a s h ,
a p a i r
of
o p e n i n g s
( 1 8 , 2 0 )
in
o p p o s i t e
w a l l s of t h e a s h
h o p p e r
(14)
a d j a c e n t
to
t h e b o t t o m
t h e r e o f ,
a
p a i r
of
t a n k s
( 2 6 , 2 8 )
l o c a t e d b e n e a t h t he
ash
h o p p e r
( 1 4 ) ,
e a c h
b e i n g
b e n e a t h t h e r e s p e c t i v e ash h o p p e r o p e n i n g s ( 1 8 , 2 0 ) , m e a n s
f o r
m a i n t a i n i n g
a g iv e n
l e v e l o f
w a t e r
in e a c h t a n k
( 2 6 , 2 8 ) ,
and
c o n v e y o r
means
( 3 0 , 3 2 )
l o c a t e d
in e ac h t a n k b e n e a t h t h e
w a t e r
l e v e l f o r
r e m o v i n g
ash f rom the
t a n k s
( 2 6 , 2 8 ) .
2.
The
a s h - d i s p o s a l
s y s t e m
of
Cla im
1,
i n c l u d i n g
a
p a i r
of
g a t e
v a l v e s
( 2 2 , 2 4 )
a s s o c i a t e d w it h t he
a s h - h o p p e r
o p e n i n g s
( 1 8 , 2 0 ) .
3.
The
a s h - d i s p o s a l
s y s t e m
of Cla im
2,
i n c l u d i n g m e a n s
f o r
m a i n t a i n i n g
a
g i v e n
w a t e r
l e v e l i n
t h e
ash
h o p p e r
( 1 4 )
when
b o t h
g a t e v a l v e s
( 2 2 , 2 4 )
a r e
in t h e i r c l o s e d
p o s i t i o n s .
4.
The
a s h - d i s p o s a l
s y s t e m
s e t
f o r t h i n C l a im
3 ,
i n c l u d i n g
w a t e r
s e a l
means
(12)
b e t w e e n
th e
c o m b u s t i o n
c h a m b e r
(10)
and
th e a s h
h o p p e r
( 1 4 ) ,
an d b e t w e e n t h e a s h
h o p p e r
(14)
a n d t h e t a n k s
( 2 6 , 2 8 ) ,
so
t h a t t h e
dry
a sh f i n e s
c a n n o t
e s c a p e
to
th e
a t m o s p h e r e ,
and
a t m o s p h e r i c
a i r
c a n n o t
e n t e r
t h e
c o m b u s t i o n
c h a m b e r
( 1 0 ) .
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