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ˆewk¦K †cÖÿvcU
• AvbygvwbK 35 †KvwUiI †ekx gvbyl GB †iv‡Mi SuzwK‡Z Av‡Q
• cÖwZ eQi 1 †KvwU 20 jÿ †jvK GB †iv‡M AvµvšÍ nq
• cÖwZ eQi cÖvq 20-40 nvRvi †jvK GB †iv‡M g„Zz¨eiY K‡i
• 90 fvM KvjvR¡i †ivMxB †`Lv hvq evsjv‡`k, fviZ, eªvwRj, Bw_Iwcqv, `wÿY m~`vb I m~`vb GB 6wU †`‡k
• c„w_exi cÖvq 5wU gnv‡`‡ki 90 wU †`‡kB KvjvR¡i GKwU Rb¯v ’ mgm¨v
Source: WHO (most endemic counties are highlighted in red)
AvÂwjK †cÖÿvcU • fviZxq Dcgnv‡`‡ki evsjv‡`k, †bcvj
I fviZ GB 3 wU †`‡k KvjvR¡i †iv‡Mi
cÖv`yf©ve †ewk
• 20 †KvwU †jvK GB †iv‡Mi SzuwK‡Z Av‡Q
• cÖwZ eQi 25-40 nvRvi †ivMx mbv³ nq
• eQ‡i 2-3 kZ gvbyl gviv hvq
• mvaviYZ mvgvwRKfv‡e cÖvwšÍK I `wi ª
Rb‡Mvôxi gvbyl GB †iv‡M †ekx AvµvšÍ
nq
Source: Joshi et.al (2008)
evsjv‡`k †cÖÿvcU • cÖ_g KvjvR¡‡ii cÖv yf©ve N‡U 1824
mv‡j h‡kv‡i Ges 70 nvRvi gvbyl gviv hvq
• 1960 mv‡ji w`‡K e¨vcK g¨v‡jwiqv wbqš¿Y Kg©m~Pxi gva¨‡g wWwWwU wQUv‡bvi d‡j KvjvR¡‡ii cÖ‡Kvc Kg‡jI wewfbœ mgq cybivq wewÿßfv‡e Avwef©~Z nq
• 45 wU †Rjvi 130 wU Dc‡Rjv Ges hvi g‡a¨ gqgbwmsn Ab¨Zg KvjvR¡i cÖeY GjvKv wn‡m‡e wPwýZ wQj Ges ZLb †_‡K 1 jÿ 20 nvRv‡ii †ewk †ivMx kbv³K…Z n‡q‡Q
Source: CDC, DGHS, GoB (2009)
RvZxq KvjvR¡i wbg©~j Kg©m~Px
2005 mv‡j evsjv‡`k, fviZ, †bcvj KvjvR¡i wbg©~‡j mg‡SvZv (GgIBD) ¯vÿwiZ nq
D‡Ïk¨: Dc‡Rjv ch©v‡q 2017
mv‡ji g‡a¨ KvjvR¡i †ivMxi msL¨v cÖwZ 10,000 R‡b 1 R‡bi wb‡P Kwg‡q Avbv
evsjv‡`k miKvi 2008 mvj n‡Z G j‡ÿ¨ RvZxq KvjvR¡i wbg©~j
Kg©m~Px cwiPvjbv K‡i Avm‡Q
[ 2014 mv‡j _vBj¨vÛ I f‚Uvb GB wbg©~j Kg©m~PxwU‡Z †hvM`vb K‡i ]
RvZxq KvjvR¡i wbg©~j Kg©m~Pxi †KŠkj evsjv‡`k miKvi KvjvR¡i wbg~©‡ji Rb¨ wb‡Pi †KŠkj ¸‡jv MÖnY K‡i- `ªæZ †ivMx mbv³ KiY Ges c~Y© wPwKrmv †kl Kiv (Early Diagnosis
and Complete Treatment) evnK `g‡b mgwš^Z e¨e ’vcbv (Integrated Vector Management) †iv‡Mi cÖ‡Kv‡ci AZ›`ª bRi`vwi (Effective Disease
Surveillance)
mvgvR DØy×KiY Ges AskMÖnY (Social Mobilization and Partnerships)
dwjZ M‡elYv (Operational Research)
wKš‘...c~Y© mdjZv AR©‡bi P¨v‡jĸ‡jv nj-
• gqgbwms‡ni 2wU Dc‡Rjvq (dzjevwoqv, wÎkvj) GL‡bv Kvw•LZ jÿ¨gvÎv AwR©Z nqwb
• wPwýZ KvjvR¡icÖeY GjvKv QvovI wewfbœ GjvKv n‡Z wewÿßfv‡e †ivMx mbv³ nIqv
• KwgDwbwUi gvby‡li KvjvR¡i m¤ú‡K© Kvw•LZ m‡PZbZvi Afve
• gvV ch©v‡qi ¯^v ’ Kg©x‡`i KvjvR¡i †ivM I mbv³KiY wel‡q Áv‡bi cwiwa Avkvbyiƒc bq
KvjvR¡i wbg©~‡ji jÿ¨gvÎv AR©‡b cÖavb wkÿK‡`i m¤ú„³Ki‡Yi gva¨‡g mvgvwRK m‡PZbZv e„wׇZ
Av‡jvPbv mfv
Av‡jvPbv mfv
Av‡jvPbv mfvi D‡Ïk¨ cÖavb wkÿKMY‡K KvjvR¡i I wc‡KwWGj †ivM m¤ú‡K© AewnZ Kiv| hvi gva¨‡g cÖavb wkÿKMY wkÿv_©x‡`i m‡›`nRbK KvjvR¡i I wc‡KwWGj †ivM m¤ú‡K© Rvbv‡eb
wkÿv_©x‡`i gva¨‡g wbR cwievi I cÖwZ‡ekxiv GB ‡ivM m¤ú‡K© Rvb‡e, †hb mvgvwRK m‡PZbZv e„w× cvq|
mfv †k‡l Avgiv hv Rvb‡ev!
• KvjvR¡i I wc‡KwWGj wK?
• KvjvR¡i I wc‡KwWGj Gi mbv³KiY I wPwKrmv
• gvV ch©v‡q m‡›`nRbK KvjvR¡i I wc‡KwWGj †ivMx AbymÜvb I †idv‡ij c×wZ
• KvjvR¡‡ii evnK I Gi wbqš¿‡Yi Dcvq
• KvjvR¡i welqK KwgDwbwU gwejvB‡Rk‡bi cÖwµqv
• RvZxq KvjvR¡i wbg©~j Kg©m~Px‡Z Avgv‡`i KiYxq
KvjvR¡i wK ?
KvjvR¡i wjkg¨vwbqv W‡bvfvwb
(Lieshmania donovani) bvgK
GK‡Kvlx ciRxex Øviv NwUZ GKwU †ivM
KvjvR¡i Gi wewfbœ cÖKvi
wf‡mivj wjkg¨vwbqvwmm (Visceral Leishmaniasis) wKD‡Uwbqvm wjkg¨vwbqvwmm (Cutaneous Leishmaniasis)
KvjvR¡‡ii evnK • KvjvR¡‡ii evnK Gi bvg ‡e‡jgvwQ
• Gi Mv‡qi is aymi e‡Y©i
• AÂj‡f‡` ‡e‡jgvwQ, evBj¨vgvwQ, evjygvwQ BZ¨vw` bv‡g cwiwPZ
• hvi ˆeÁvwbK bvg Phlebotomus argentipes
†e‡jgvwQi ˆewkó¨ • Giv jvwd‡q jvwd‡q P‡j Ges †ekx Dci ch©šÍ Do‡Z ev
jvdv‡Z cv‡i bv
• mvaviYZ gvwUi N‡ii †`qv‡ji dvUj, ‡fRv m¨uvZm¨vu‡Z †g‡S, †Mvqvj Ni Ges gqjv AveR©bvq _vK‡Z cQ›` K‡i
• Giv wbtk‡ã Kvgovq Ges mܨv †_‡K mKvj ch©šÍ †ekx mwµq nq
• Giv G‡Zv †QvU (‰`N©¨ 3 wg.wg.) †h, Lvwj †Pv‡L †`Lv hvq bv
• GKgvÎ ¯¿x gvwQivB i³ Pzlvi Rb¨ Kvgovq, KviY i³ Zv‡`i wW‡gi cwic°Zvi Rb¨ Acwinvh©
KvjvR¡‡ii †cvlK
evsjv‡`‡k KvjvR¡‡ii GKgvÎ †cvlK n‡jv gvbyl| ¿x †e‡jgvwQi Kvg‡o KvjvR¡‡ii ciRxex gvby‡li †`‡n cÖ‡ek K‡i Ges KvjvR¡i †iv‡Mi m„wó K‡i
KvjvR¡i Gi wewfbœ Ae¯’v
bZyb KvjvR¡i (New Kala-azar, NKA) wPwKrmvq e¨_© KvjvR¡i (Kala-azar
Treatment Failure, KATF) cyYivwef©~Z KvjvR¡i (Relapse Kala-
azar, RKA)
KvjvR¡‡ii jÿY bZyb KvjvR¡i
1| `yB (2) mßv‡ni †ekx R¡i
2| KvjvR¡i cÖeY GjvKvq
_vKv ev åg‡Yi BwZnvm
3| cøxnv dy‡j hvIqv
4| Ab¨vb¨: IRb K‡g
hvIqv, i³¯^íZv, Pvgov
Kv‡jv n‡q hvIqv
wPwKrmvq e¨_© KvjvR¡i 1| `yB (2) mßv‡ni †ekx R¡i 2| KvjvR¡i cÖeY GjvKvq _vKv ev åg‡Yi BwZnvm 3| cøxnv dz‡j hvIqv 4| Ab¨vb¨: IRb K‡g hvIqv, i³¯íZv, Pvgov Kv‡jv n‡q hvIqv 5| c~‡e© KvjvR¡i wPwKrmvi BwZnvm i‡q‡Q Ges wPwKrmvi 6 gv‡mi g‡a¨ GB jÿY¸‡jv †`Lv w`‡q‡Q|
cyYivwef©~Z KvjvR¡i
1| `yB (2) mßv‡ni †ekx R¡i 2| KvjvR¡i cÖeY GjvKvq _vKv ev åg‡Yi BwZnvm 3| cøxnv dz‡j hvIqv 4| Ab¨vb¨: IRb K‡g hvIqv, i³¯^íZv, Pvgov Kv‡jv n‡q hvIqv 5| c~‡e© KvjvR¡i wPwKrmvi BwZnvm i‡q‡Q Ges wPwKrmvi 6 gvm ci cyYivq KvjvR¡‡ii jÿY †`Lv †`Iqv
KvjvR¡i mbv³KiY
bZyb KvjvR¡i • Av½y‡ji WMv †_‡K GK-yB †dvUv i³ wb‡q Avi‡K-
39 w÷ªc †Uó Gi gva¨‡g bZzb KvjvR¡i mbv³ Kiv nq|
wPwKrmvq e¨_© KvjvR¡i
• Av½y‡ji WMv †_‡K GK-yB †dvUv i³ wb‡q Avi‡K-
39 w÷ªc †Uó Gi gva¨‡g wPwKrmvq e¨_© KvjvR¡i mbv³ Kiv nq| • cøxnvim Ges Aw¯’g¾v cixÿv • gwjKzjvi (wcwmAvi) †U÷
cyYivwef©~Z KvjvR¡i
• Av½y‡ji WMv †_‡K GK-yB †dvUv i³ wb‡q Avi‡K-
39 w÷ªc †Uó Gi gva¨‡g cyYivwef©~Z KvjvR¡i mbv³ Kiv nq| • cøxnvim Ges Aw¯’g¾v cixÿv • gwjKzjvi (wcwmAvi) †U÷
KvjvR¡‡ii wPwKrmv bZyb KvjvR¡i
GKK gvÎvi (single dose) jvB‡cv‡mvgvj Gg‡dv‡Uwiwmb-we (AmBisome) B‡ÄKk‡bi gva¨‡g bZzb KvjvR¡‡ii wPwKrmv Kiv nq|
wPwKrmvq e¨_© KvjvR¡i
wPwKrmvq e¨_© KvjvR¡i ‡ivMxi wPwKrmvi Rb¨ mgwšZ wPwKrmv c×wZ e¨envi Kiv nq| ‡hLv‡b jvB‡cv‡mvgvj Gg‡dv‡Uwiwmb-we B‡ÄKkb, c¨v‡ivggvBwmb B‡ÄKkb I wgj‡U‡dvwmb K¨vcmyj e¨envi Kiv nq
cyYivwef©~Z KvjvR¡i
cyYivwef©~Z KvjvR¡i ‡ivMxi wPwKrmvi Rb¨ mgwšZ wPwKrmv c×wZ e¨envi Kiv nq| ‡hLv‡b jvB‡cv‡mvgvj Gg‡dv‡Uwiwmb-we B‡ÄKkb, c¨v‡ivggvBwmb B‡ÄKkb I wgj‡U‡dvwmb K¨vcmyj e¨envi Kiv nq
wc‡KwWGj (Post Kala-azar Dermal Leishmanisis, PKDL)
• GwU mvaviYZ KvjvR¡‡ii wPwKrmv cieZ©x Ae¯’v • KvjvR¡i nIqvi mvaviYZ 1 eQi ci †_‡K †h‡Kvb mgq GwU †`Lv w`‡Z cv‡i| • Gi d‡j Pvgovq d¨vKv‡k `vM, ÿZ, ¸wU ev wgkª jÿY †`Lv †`q, hv PzjKvwbnxb Ges Aek bq
wc‡KwWGj (PKDL) Gi jÿY
1| AZx‡Z †Kvb GK mg‡q KvjvR¡‡ii wPwKrmv MÖn‡Yi BwZnvm
2| Pvgovq d¨vKv‡m `vM, ÿZ, ¸wU ev wgkÖ jÿY hv PzjKvwbnxb Ges Aek bq|
KvjvR¡i †ivMx `ªæZ AbymÜvb I mbv³Ki‡Yi ¸iæZ¡
• KvjvR¡i ‡ivMx KvjvR¡i †iv‡Mi ciRxwei †cvlK
• AvµvšÍ †ivMx †_‡K †e‡jgvwQi Kvg‡oi gva¨‡g †h †KD G †iv‡M msµwgZ n‡Z cv‡i
• AvµvšÍ e¨w³‡K `ªæZ wPwKrmvi AvIZvq Avbvi gva¨‡g mn‡RB g„Zy¨ SzuwK †iva Kiv hvq
wc‡KwWGj ‡ivMx `ªæZ AbymÜvb I mbv³Ki‡Yi ¸iæZ¡
• wc‡KwWGj †ivMx KvjvR¡i †iv‡Mi ciRxwei †cvlK
• wc‡KwWGj †ivMxi †`‡n †Kvb R¡vjv-hš¿Yv nq bv e‡j A‡bK †ÿ‡Î Ae‡njv K‡i, hv DwPZ bq
• wc‡KwWGj †ivMx‡K `ªæZ mbv³Ki‡Yi gva¨‡g msµg‡Yi nvi Kwg‡q Avbv m¤¢e
wPwKrmv cieZ©x KiYxq
• KvjvR¡‡ii wPwKrmv cÖ`v‡bi c‡i †ivMx‡K GKwU ch©‡eÿY (d‡jv-Avc) KvW© †`Iqv nq
• wPwKrmv MÖn‡Yi ci †_‡K cieZ©x cvuP eQi ch©šÍ †ivMx‡K ch©‡eÿ‡Y ivLv nq
• d‡jv-Av‡ci Rb¨ †ivMx‡K wba©vwiZ mg‡q Dc‡Rjv ^v ’ Kg‡cø‡· wbqwgZ Avm‡Z nq
d‡jv-Avc Gi mgqKvj d‡jv-Avc mgq 1g d‡jv-Avc wPwKrmv MÖn‡Yi 01 gvm ci 2q d‡jv-Avc wPwKrmv MÖn‡Yi 06 gvm ci 3q d‡jv-Avc wPwKrmv MÖn‡Yi 12 gvm ci 4_© d‡jv-Avc wPwKrmv MÖn‡Yi 18 gvm ci 5g d‡jv-Avc wPwKrmv MÖn‡Yi 24 gvm ci 6ô d‡jv-Avc wPwKrmv MÖn‡Yi 30 gvm ci 7g d‡jv-Avc wPwKrmv MÖn‡Yi 36 gvm ci 8g d‡jv-Avc wPwKrmv MÖn‡Yi 42 gvm ci 9g d‡jv-Avc wPwKrmv MÖn‡Yi 48 gvm ci 10g d‡jv-Avc wPwKrmv MÖn‡Yi 54 gvm ci 11Zg d‡jv-Avc wPwKrmv MÖn‡Yi 60 gvm ci
KvjvR¡i d‡jv-Avc Gi ¸iæZ¡ • my ’ nIqvi ci cybivq KvjvR¡i n‡j A_ev
wc.‡K.wW.Gj. ‡`Lv w`‡j wPwKrmv cieZ©x d‡jv-Av‡ci gva¨‡g †ivM mn‡RB aiv co‡e
• d‡jv-Av‡c wPwKrm‡Ki wbweo ch©‡eÿY †ivMxi Ab¨vb¨ ¯v¯’¨ SzuwK A‡bKvs‡k Kwg‡q w`‡e
• AvµvšÍ †ivMxi KvjvR¡i msµvšÍ wPwKrmv webvg~‡j¨ MÖnY Ki‡Z cvi‡e
KvjvR¡‡ii †ivMx AbymÜvb cÖwµqv KvjvR¡‡ii †ivMx AbymÜv‡bi Rb¨ ‡hmKj c×wZ AbymiY Kiv nq- AbymÜv‡bi g~j cÖwµqv 2 ai‡Yi;
• c‡ivÿ ‡ivM wbY©q (Passive Case Detection, PCD) Ges
• cÖZ¨ÿ ‡ivM wbY©q (Active Case Detection, ACD)
cÖZ¨ÿ †ivM wbY©q
cÖZ¨ÿ †ivM wbY©q cÖwµqvq evsjv‡`‡k KvjvR¡i Ges wc‡KwWGj †ivM AbymÜv‡b 3 ai‡Yi c×wZ AbymiY Kiv nq;
• evwo evwo †ivMx AbymÜvb c×wZ (House to House Search Approach),
• K¨v¤ú c×wZ (Camp Based Approach),
• Bb‡W· †Km wfwËK c×wZ (Index Case Based Approach)|
cÖZ¨ÿ c×wZ‡Z †ivMx AbymÜv‡bi mgq †h welq¸‡jv †Lqvj ivL‡Z n‡e
KvjvR¡i Gi †ÿ‡Î :
2 mßv‡ni †ekx R¡i
wc‡KwWGj Gi †ÿ‡Î :
Pvgovq d¨vKv‡m `vM, ÿZ, ¸wU ev wgkÖ jÿY
evwo evwo †ivMx AbymÜvb c×wZ
evwo evwo †ivMx AbymÜvb c×wZ‡Z KvjvR¡icÖeY GjvKvq cÖwkÿY cÖvß miKvix /†emiKvix ¯v ’ Kg©xiv (HI, AHI, HA) evwo evwo wM‡q yB mßv‡ni †ekx R¡i Ges Pvgovq mv`v †Qvc †Qvc `vM wewkó †ivMx AbymÜvb K‡i _v‡Kb
K¨v¤ú c×wZ • K¨v¤ú wUgt
- †gwW‡Kj Awdmvi, bvm©, j¨ve‡iUix †UKwbkqvb Ges ¯^v ’ mnKvix
• ¯’vbt - ¯‹zj, K‡jR, gv`ªvmv ev MY¨gvb¨ e¨w³i evwo
• cÖwµqvt - mgq, ZvwiL I ¯’vb m¤ú‡K© ¯’vbxq †jvKRb‡K 1/2 w`b
c~‡e© AeMZ Kiv nq • hv cÖPvi Kiv nqt
- `yB mßv‡ni †ekx R¡‡i fzM‡Q Ges Pvgovq mv`v †Qvc †Qvc `vM wewkó †ivMx‡`i K¨v‡¤ú Avm‡Z ejv nq
Bb‡W· †Km wfwËK c×wZ
Bb‡W· †Km wfwËK c×wZ‡Z bZzb mbv³ nIqv †ivMxi cwiev‡ii m`m¨ I Zvi evwoi Pvicv‡ki 100 wgUvi (†gvUvgywU 60wU evwo‡Z) Gi g‡a¨ KvjvR¡i Ges wc‡KwWGj †ivMx AbymÜvb Kiv nq
†bv-KvjvR¡i UªvÝwgkb G¨vw±wfwU (NKTA)
†bv-KvjvR¡i UªvÝwgkb G¨vw±wfwU GKwU mgwšZ c×wZ, hvi gva¨‡g KvjvR¡i ‡iv‡Mi `ªæZ AbymÜvb I evnK wbqš¿Y GKmv‡_ Kiv nq| GB A¨vw±wfwUi AvIZvq Bb‡W· †ivMxi evwo I Gi Pvicv‡ki 60wU evwo‡Z wb‡¤œv³ KvR¸‡jv Kiv nq-
bZzb KvjvR¡i Ges wc‡KwWGj †ivMx mwµqfv‡e AbymÜvb Kiv nq
wQUvB (AvBAviGm) Kvh©µg I †e‡jgvwQi cÖRbb †ÿÎ
aŸsm Kiv nq
NKTA WvqvMÖvg
`j‡bZv I wQUvBKvix
GgI (wWwm), GgI, mvK‡gv, GgwU
(j¨ve)
AvBAviGm I jvwf©mvBW †¯úª
†ivMx wfwËK Bb‡W· evwo evwo ‘rk39’ cixÿv ACD Kv‡Ri ZË¡veavb
GBPAvB, GGBPAvB wUg wjWvi
G‡›UvgjwR÷ Ges G‡›Uv-‡UK
60wU evwo‡Z ACD
AvBAviGm I jvwf©mvBW Kv‡Ri
ZË¡veavb
evnK I ïKKxU Rwic, AvBAviGm I jvwf©mvBW
Kv‡Ri ZË¡veavb
Bb‡W· †ivMxi evwo
KwgDwbwU gwejvB‡Rkb
KwgDwbwU gwejvB‡Rkb n‡jv KwgDwbwUi gvby‡li m¶gZv e…w×i GKwU cÖwµqv
†hLv‡b GKK e¨w³, `j GKwU AskMÖnYg~jK I †UKmB wfwˇZ Kvh©µg g~j¨vq‡bi gva¨‡g DbœZ ^v ’ Ges Ab¨vb¨ Pvwn`v c~i‡Y Zv‡`i wbR¯
D‡`¨vM MÖnY K‡i, cvkvcvwk Ab¨‡K AbycÖvwYZ K‡i
AvB.B.wm. (Information, Education and Communication-IEC)
AvBBwm e¨w³, m¤cÖ`vq I msMV‡bi mv‡_ mswkøó gvby‡li AvPi‡Yi BwZevPK cwieZ©b Avbv I Zv eRvq ivLvi Rb¨ GKwU Kvh©Ki †hvMv‡hv‡Mi †KŠkj| †hgb-
Ò`yB mßv‡ni †ekx R¡i, m¤¢eZ KvjvR¡iÓ
we.wm.wm. (Behavior Change Communication-BCC)
AvPiY cwieZ©‡bi Rb¨ †hvMv‡hvM ev wewmwm n‡jv GKwU DfqgyLx †hvMv‡hv‡Mi †KŠkj| hv gvby‡li AvPi‡Yi BwZevPK cwieZ©b K‡i, Ab¨‡K AbycÖvwYZ Ki‡Z DØy× K‡i Ges mnvqK cwi‡ek m„wó K‡i
ÒDc‡Rjv ¯^v¯’ Kg‡cø‡· KvjvR¡‡ii wPwKrmv
webvg~‡j¨ cvIqv hvqÓ
KvjvR¡i wbg~©j Kg©m~Px‡Z e¨eüZ AvBBwm / wewmwm DcKiY
mvgvwRK DØy×Ki‡Yi Rb¨ DVvb ˆeVK
MvRx Mvb (KvjvR¡i m¤úwK©Z)
gva¨wgK we`¨vj‡qi wkÿK‡`i DØy× Kiv
¯‹zj cÖv½‡b †`qvj wjLb
wUwf Kgvwk©qvj I WKz Wªvgv (Z_¨ bvUK)
mvgvwRK DØy×Ki‡Yi Rb¨ DVvb ˆeVK
¯^v¯’¨Kgx©MY wd¬c Pv‡U©i gva¨‡g KvjvR¡i cÖeY GjvKvq gvV ch©v‡q DVvb ˆeVK cwiPvjbv Ki‡eb Ges KvjvR¡i m¤ú‡K© m‡PZbZv e„wׇZ AMÖYx f~wgKv cvjb Ki‡eb
MvRx Mvb (KvjvR¡i m¤úwK©Z) • MvRx Mvb mvaviYZ MÖv‡gi wewfbœ evwoi DVv‡b
cÖ`wk©Z n‡q _v‡K
• ev`¨hš¿ Qvov GKwU eo †cvóv‡i AuvKv A‡bK
¸‡jv avivevwnK Qwei gva¨‡g Mvb MvIqv nq
• AvuKv Qwe¸‡jv‡Z GKwU jvwVi gva¨‡g wb‡`©k
K‡i Zv myi I K_vi mvnv‡h¨ MvIqv nq
QvÎ-QvÎx‡`i DØy×KiY • KvjvR¡icÖeY GjvKvi mKj gva¨wgK we`¨vj‡qi
cÖavb wkÿK‡`i KvjvR¡i m¤úwK©Z wel‡q
AewnZKi‡Yi e¨e¯’v Kiv n‡”Q
• hvi gva¨‡g cÖavb wkÿKMY QvÎ-QvÎx‡`i mgv‡e‡k
(G‡m¤^wj) KvjvR¡i m¤úwK©Z Z_¨ cÖ`vb Ki‡eb
• d‡j QvÎ-QvÎxiv evwo‡Z wM‡q Zv‡`i cwiev‡ii
m`m¨‡`i Ges cÖwZ‡ewk‡`i g‡a¨ GB Z_¨¸‡jv
wewbgq Ki‡Z cvi‡e
¯‹zj cÖv½‡b †`qvj wjLb
KvjvR¡icÖeY GjvKvi wkÿv_©xmn I Ab¨vb¨ ¯’vbxq gvbyl‡K KvjvR¡i m¤ú‡K© m‡PZb Ki‡Z cÖwZwU D”P gva¨wgK we`¨vj‡qi †`qv‡j KvjvR¡i welqK Z_¨ (†køvMvb) wjLv‡bvi e¨e¯’v Kiv n‡q‡Q
wUwf Kgvwk©qvj I WKz Wªvgv (Z_¨ bvUK)
• KvjvR¡‡ii Dci wbwg©Z ¯í ˆ`‡N¨©i Z_¨ bvUK KvjvR¡i cÖeY GjvKvi ¯’vbxq P¨v‡b‡j K¨vej Acv‡iU‡ii gva¨‡g cÖ`k©‡bi e¨e¯’v Kiv n‡”Q • cvkvcvwk H mKj GjvKvi RbmgvMg ¯’v‡b myweavRbK mg‡q GwU cÖ`k©‡biI e¨e¯’v Kiv n‡”Q
wewmwm I AvBBwm Kg©m~Px‡Z Avcbvi KiYxq
gvV ch©v‡q RvZxq KvjvR¡i wbg©~j Kg©m~Pxi
AvIZvq M„wnZ D‡`¨vM‡K mdj Ki‡Z wewmwm
I AvBBwm Kvh©µg ev¯Íevq‡b mvwe©K
mn‡hvMxZv cÖ`vb
†e‡jgvwQ wbqš¿‡Yi Dcvqmg~n
1. evwo‡Z KxUbvkK wQUv‡bv
2. `xN©¯’vqx KxUbvkK hy³ gkvix e¨envi
3. †`qv‡j KxUbvkKhy³ is Gi e¨envi
4. cwi‡ek e¨e¯’vcbv
5. †`qvj Av¯ÍiY
KxUbvkK wQUv‡bv c~e©eZ©x KiYxq • KxUbvkK wQUvB‡qi 7w`b c~‡e© †jcv-gyQvi KvR
_vK‡j †kl Kiv
• N‡ii wfZ‡ii mKj AvmevecÎ hZ`~i m¤¢e Ni †_‡K †ei Kiv
• AvmevecÎ †ei Kiv m¤¢e bv n‡j †`qvj †_‡K mwi‡q †X‡K ivLv
• Lvevi wRwbmcÎ †hgb- cvwbi cvÎ, Lvevi BZ¨vw` evwoi evwn‡i wb‡q †X‡K ivLv
• nuvm-gyiMx _vK‡j N‡ii evwn‡i wb‡q ivLv
evwo‡Z KxUbvkK wQUv‡bv
• KvjvR¡i cÖeY GjvKvq eQ‡i 2 evi KxUbvkK (†Wëv‡gw_ªb) wQUv‡bv nq| • cÖwZwU wQUvB `‡j 5 Rb †¯úª Kvix Ges GKRb mycvifvBRvi (HA) _v‡Kb| • G‡`i g‡a¨ GKRb mnvqK Ges evwK 4 Rb †¯úª K‡i _v‡Kb| • GiKg 4-5wU `‡ji ZË¡veavb K‡i _v‡Kb GK Rb AHI|
KxUbvkK wQUv‡bv c~e©eZ©x KiYxq • KxUbvkK wQUvB‡qi 7w`b c~‡e© †jcv-gyQvi KvR
_vK‡j †kl Kiv
• N‡ii wfZ‡ii mKj AvmevecÎ hZ`~i m¤¢e Ni †_‡K †ei Kiv
• AvmevecÎ †ei Kiv m¤¢e bv n‡j †`qvj †_‡K mwi‡q †X‡K ivLv
• Lvevi wRwbmcÎ †hgb- cvwbi cvÎ, Lvevi BZ¨vw` evwoi evwn‡i wb‡q †X‡K ivLv
• nuvm-gyiMx _vK‡j N‡ii evwn‡i wb‡q ivLv
KxUbvkK wQUv‡bv PjvKvjxb KiYxq • KxUbvkK wQUvB‡qi mgq N‡ii g‡a¨ †Kvb wKQz
LvIqv ev †meb bv Kiv
• wQUvBKv‡j mivmwi KxUbvk‡Ki ms¯úk© Gwo‡q Pj‡Z ejv| †PvL ev Z¡‡K fzj K‡i KxUbvkK †j‡M †M‡j mvevb I cwi¯‹vi cvwb w`‡q ZrÿYvZ ay‡q †djv
KxUbvkK wQUv‡bv cieZ©x KiYxq • wQUvB‡qi 2 N›Uvi g‡a¨ N‡i cÖ‡ek bv Kiv
• †h me RvqMvq KxUbvkK wQUvB Kiv n‡q‡Q, †m me RvqMvq Qq gvm ch©šÍ †jcv gyQv ev PzbKvg bv Kiv
• wQUvB Kv‡j ev wQUvB Gi c‡i †h me †cvKv-gvKo gviv hv‡e Zv Svo– w`‡q GKwÎZ K‡i gvwUi wb‡P cuy‡Z ivLv
`xN© ’vqx KxUbvkK hy³ gkvix e¨envi
†Wëv‡gw_ªb KxUbvkK hy³ gkvix e¨envi K‡iI KvjvR¡‡ii cÖ‡Kvc †_‡K iÿv cvIqv hvq| G‡Z †e‡jgvwQ ‡ivMxi ms¯ú‡k© Avm‡Z cv‡i bv e‡j KvjvR¡i Qovq bv
`xN©¯’vqx KxUbvkKhy³ gkvix e¨env‡i mZK©Zv
eQ‡i 2 evi Gi †ekx bv †avqv
mvevb/ wWUvi‡R›U w`‡q wfwR‡q ivLv hv‡e
bv, mv‡_ mv‡_B ay‡q †djv
†avqvi ci †iv‡` ïKv‡bv hv‡e bv, Qvqvhy³
¯’v‡b ïKv‡bv
†`qvj Av¯ÍiY • GwU †e‡jgvwQ cÖwZ‡iv‡ai GKwU c×wZ
• GB c×wZ‡Z N‡ii ‡fZ‡i ‡`qv‡ji mv‡_ KxUbvkKhy³ GKwU Av¯ÍiY mshy³ K‡i Uvbv‡bv nq
• GB Av¯ÍiYwU †`L‡Z A‡bKUv Rv‡ji gZ ÿz`ª ÿz`ª wQ`ª wewkó
†`qv‡j KxUbvkKhy³ is Gi e¨envi
• eZ©gv‡b evwYwR¨Kfv‡e KxUbvkKhy³ is cvIqv hv‡”Q, hv †e‡jgvwQ cÖwZ‡iv‡a GKwU AvaywbK I Kvh©Kix c×wZ
• mv¤cÖwZK M‡elYvi cÖ_wgK djvdj †_‡K Rvbv hvq †h, GB bZyb c×wZ‡Z †e‡jgvwQi g„Zz¨i nvi 95 kZvsk
• gvby‡li Dci ev M„ncvwjZ cïcvwLi Dci ‡Kvb weiæc cÖwZwµqv †bB
• KwgDwbwU ch©v‡q MÖnY †hvM¨Zv 94 kZvsk
cwi‡ek e¨e¯’vcbv
emev‡mi ¯’vb I †Mvqvj Ni cwi®‹vi
cwi”Qbœ ivLv
†`qv‡ji duvUj eÜ Kiv
†e‡jgvwQi m¤¢ve¨ evm¯’vb aŸsm Kiv
KvjvR¡i wbg©~j Kg©m~Px mdj Ki‡Z Avcbv‡`i KiYxq
• KvjvR¡i wel‡q wkÿv_©x‡`i gva¨‡g gvV ch©v‡q m‡PZbZv e„w× Kiv
• wkÿv_©x‡`i gva¨‡g m‡›`nRbK KvjvR¡i I wc‡KwWGj ‡ivMx †c‡j ªæZ wbKU¯’ Dc‡Rjv ¯^v ’ Kg‡cø·-G †cÖiY Kiv
• wkÿv_©x‡`i gva¨‡g mbv³K…Z †ivMx‡K wPwKrmv m¤úbœ Ki‡Z I d‡jv-Avc G Avm‡Z DØy× Kiv
• ¯’vbxq gvby‡li AskMÖnY I cvi¯úvwiK mn‡hvwMZv wbwðZ Ki‡Z GW‡fv‡Kwm Kiv
• gvV ch©v‡q Ni-evwo¸‡jv‡Z KxUbvkK wQUvB Kg©m~wP ev¯Íevq‡b mn‡hvwMZv Kiv Ges mvgvwRKfv‡e D×z× Kiv