BIPOLAR DISORDER (MANIAC DEPRESSIVE DISORDER)By, Andersen Harrill, Rosy Rios, Amber Smith, and Carlos Marmolejo

FAMOUS PEOPLE WITH BIPOLAR DISORDER

Edgar Poe, Beethoven, Napoleon, Mozart, Newton, Virginia Woolf

Woolf’s last letter to her lover.

WHAT IS BIPOLAR DISORDER?

Episodes of elevated or agitated mood – Mania

Society problems with social stigma, stereotypes and prejudice.

Extreme mood swings, ranging between acute euphoria mania and severe depression

Ages 15-25

CAUSES

Childbirth Antidepressants or steroids Insomnia Recreational drug use

ETIOLOGY

Predominantly a biological disorder Ventral prefrontal regions and lymbic regions

especially the amygdala May be dormant or activated naturally or

triggered by stress in life. Tends to run in families. 15-25% chance if

one parent has it. Environmental Factors 4% of people in the world

SYMPTOMSSymptoms of mania or a manic episode include:

Symptoms of depression or a depressive episode include:

•Mood ChangesA long period of feeling "high," or an overly happy or outgoing mood•Extremely irritable mood, agitation, feeling "jumpy" or "wired."•Behavioral ChangesTalking very fast, jumping from one idea to another, having racing thoughts•Being easily distracted•Increasing goal-directed activities, such as taking on new projects•Being restless•Sleeping little•Having an unrealistic belief in one's abilities•Behaving impulsively and taking part in a lot of pleasurable,high-risk behaviors, such as spending sprees, impulsive sex, and impulsive business investments.

•Mood ChangesA long period of feeling worried or empty•Loss of interest in activities once enjoyed, including sex.•Behavioral ChangesFeeling tired or "slowed down"•Having problems concentrating, remembering, and making decisions•Being restless or irritable•Changing eating, sleeping, or other habits•Thinking of death or suicide, or attempting suicide.

PREVALENCEAROUND 3% WORLDWIDE

DIAGNOSIS

 American Psychiatric Association's Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders or DSM-IV.

Family history Self reported incidence and medical

practitioner analysis on abnormalities in behavior.

CULTURAL FACTORS

Rates similar in Men and Women broadly across different cultural and ethnic groups.

World Health Organization(2000)

Burden of bipolar disorder around the world: disability-adjusted life years per 100,000 inhabitants in 2002.

GENDER VARIATIONS

Later in women than men Women tend to go more through seasonal

mood changes Women experience depressive episodes,

mixed mania, and rapid cycling more often than men

No evidence that gender affects response to treatment stabilizers

TREATMENT APPROACHES

Psychotherapy (CBT, Family focused therapy, and psychoeducation)

Behavioral Therapy- decrease stress Cognitive therapy- identify and modify

patterns of thinking that accompany mood shifts.

Interpersonal therapy- relationships and strains

Social Rhythm therapy- patterns Medication- Lithium Therapy and mood stabilizing medication

ETIOLOGY AND THERAPEUTIC

Causes mainly unknown Reducing symptoms with mood stabilizing

medications (lithium) and support through therapy to cope with the disorder.

Stress (Sociocultural factors) a stress stimulant usually takes place to activate the first signs of bipolar disorder. This causes the patient to act out showing symptoms.

Biological FactorsInheritance and disruption in the ventral and lymbic system mainly the amygdala.

Genetic BiologicalIf one parent has the disorder then there is a 15-25% chance that any of the offspring will gain that disorder.

CognitiveIrrational and illogigical thinking. Negative thinking patterns and cognitive disortation.

Psychiatric outcome: Bipolar DisorderConstitutional

(cognitive vulnerability