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Detailed Methodology• The survey was conducted by Nielsen-Bangladesh under the supervision of Mr. Rob Varsalone of Global
Strategic Partners and the International Republican Institute between February 4 –21, 2016.
• Data was collected using a multi-stage stratified probability sample and through in-person, in-homeinterviews. The sample was stratified by the eight administrative divisions, by district and by urbanand rural locations.
• The sample consisted of 2,550 respondents (response rate: 43 percent) aged 18 and older, and wasrepresentative of voting-age adults nationally.
• The sample was distributed into 255 primary sampling units (PSU) from all 64 districts of all eightdivisions. PSUs were defined as mouza in rural areas and as mahalla in urban areas.
• The probability-proportional-to-size method was used to select localities. After identifying a centrallylocated starting point, the Date Method was used to select the first house and then Systematic RandomSampling was used to select the appropriate household. Within each household, the Kish Grid was thenused to select respondents 18 years and older.
• Interview teams were comprised of both males and females.
• The margin of error does not exceed plus or minus two percent at the mid-range with a confidencelevel of 95 percent.
• The information in this report has been compiled in accordance with international standards for marketand social research methodologies. Figures in charts and tables may not sum to 100 percent due torounding.
2
Do you believe things in Bangladesh are heading in the right direction, or are they heading in the wrong direction?
4
33%35%
56%
62%64%
73%
62%
59%
39%36%
32%
23%
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
Nov 2013 Jan 2014 Sep 2014 Jun 2015 Nov 2015 Feb 2016
Right direction Wrong direction
Why do you say right direction?(Those responding right direction, n=1,866, open-ended)
5
1%
2%
2%
5%
17%
71%
0% 20% 40% 60% 80%
Declining terrorism
Overall development
More electricity production
Better economy
Development in transportation system
Education improvement
Over the past year, do you believe that the education system has gotten better or worse?
6
55%
37%
5%
2% 2%
Much better
Somewhat better
Somewhat worse
Much worse
Don't know/Refusedto answer
Why do you think the education system is better?(Those responding better, n=2,333, open-ended)
7
7%
5%
1%
1%
1%
1%
4%
6%
9%
13%
15%
15%
0% 2% 4% 6% 8% 10% 12% 14% 16%
Don't know/Refused
Other
Girls education is free
Cheating has declined
Kids attend school regularly
Standards have increased
Govt. provides education for everyone
Education system is good
Public exam pass rate has increased
Students receive govt. stipends
Literacy has increased
There are more schools
Why do you say wrong direction?(Those responding wrong direction, n=591, open-ended)
8
1%
1%
1%
1%
2%
7%
39%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%
One-sided government
Hartals*
Corruption increased
Poor transportation system
Economic decline
Price hikes
Political instability
*Hartals refer to mass protests that cause sectors of the economy to close down.
Overall, how would you rate the current security conditions in Bangladesh?
9
26%
29%
29%
32%
41%
39%
51%
51%
17%
14%
11%
9%
16%
16%
9%
6%
1%
2%
1%
3%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%
Sep2014
Jun2015
Nov2015
Feb2016
Very good Somewhat good Somewhat bad Very bad Don't know/Refused
Overall, how would you rate the current political stability in Bangladesh?
10
19%
22%
21%
19%
40%
42%
49%
58%
22%
11%
9%
9%
16%
18%
13%
7%
3%
7%
8%
8%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%
Sep2014
Jun2015
Nov2015
Feb2016
Very stable Somewhat stable Somewhat unstable Very unstable Don't know/Refused
Why do you think the situation is unstable?(Those responding unstable, n=402, open-ended)
16%
2%
5%
6%
10%
10%
12%
13%
25%
0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30%
Don't Know/Refused
Economy
Hartals
Lack of democracy
Corruption/Abuse of power
One-party politics
Bad security
Political party disputes
Quarreling
11Multiple responses were allowed.
Thinking some more about the political stability of Bangladesh, in the year ahead do you think that it will improve, worsen or stay
the same?
12
48%
50%
65%
15%
17%
7%
20%
13%
16%
17%
20%
13%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%
Jun2015
Nov2015
Feb2016
Improve Same Worsen Don't know/Refused
Overall, how would you rate the current economic conditions in Bangladesh?
13
22%
28%
30%
35%
47%
44%
49%
48%
19%
14%
12%
10%
11%
12%
7%
5%
1%
2%
2%
2%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%
Sep2014
Jun2015
Nov2015
Feb2016
Very good Somewhat good Somewhat bad Very bad Don't know/Refused
Thinking about the personal economic situation of you and your family, in the past year has it improved, worsened or stayed the
same?
14
49%
61%
65%
69%
21%
19%
18%
14%
29%
19%
17%
16%
1%
1%
1%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%
Sep2014
Jun2015
Nov2015
Feb2016
Improved Same Worsened Don't know/Refused
Thinking some more about the personal economic situation of you and your family, in the coming year do you think it will improve,
worsen or stay the same?
15
60%
63%
72%
72%
16%
13%
10%
7%
14%
10%
5%
10%
10%
14%
12%
12%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%
Sep2014
Jun2015
Nov2015
Feb2016
Improve Same Worsen Don't know/Refused
Do you and your family have enough income to afford basic commodities (rice, milk, eggs, fish, dhal*, etc.) in the market?
16*Dhal is the Bengali term for lentils, a regional dietary staple.
78%
86%
90%
79%
21%
13%
10%
20%
Sep2014
Jun2015
Nov2015
Feb2016
Yes No Don't know/Refused
1%
1%
1%
Do you expect the price of basic commodities to be higher or lower six months from now?
17
24%
23%
12%
16%
60%
55%
49%
49%
9%
8%
12%
9%
5%
5%
12%
10%
1%
2%
2%
3%
1%
7%
13%
12%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%
Sep 2014
Jun 2015
Nov 2015
Feb 2016
Much higher Slightly higher Same Slightly lower Much lower Don't know/Refused
19
45%
49%
50%
55%
55%
58%
60%
61%
61%
62%
65%
70%
70%
70%
71%
72%
77%
78%
88%
12%
22%
15%
19%
19%
37%
20%
31%
35%
34%
32%
24%
17%
19%
17%
18%
18%
16%
10%
43%
29%
35%
26%
27%
6%
20%
8%
4%
4%
4%
6%
13%
12%
13%
10%
5%
6%
2%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%
Ending ethnic conflict
Democratic reforms
Land rights
Ending sectarian conflict
Housing
Fighting corruption
Dealing with hartals
Poverty reduction
Employment
Inflation
Fighting crime
Electricity availability
Water availability
Water and sanitation
Gender equality
Keeping the peace
Infrastructure development
Healthcare
Education
Good Bad Don't know/Refused
For each of the following issues, how would you rate the national government’s performance?
Can you tell me which party best reflects each of the statements below?
20
25%
22%
22%
25%
18%
33%
22%
21%
18%
18%
23%
26%
26%
27%
27%
28%
23%
27%
21%
25%
53%
52%
52%
49%
55%
39%
55%
52%
61%
57%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70%
They consistently fight corruption
Their policies help the poor
They care about people like me
They support democratic reform
They have good policies
They are more religious
They support women
They have many young leaders
They have strong leadership
They are trustworthy
Awami League Bangladesh Nationalist Party Neither/Don't know/Refused
Can you tell me which party best reflects each of the statements below?
21
30%
35%
26%
27%
24%
17%
19%
7%
24%
21%
25%
24%
24%
22%
21%
20%
47%
44%
50%
49%
53%
61%
60%
73%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80%
They would maintain political stability
They would end ethnic conflict
They would strengthen the nation
They would improve the economy
They would improve security
They would improve healthcare
They would improve infrastructure
They would improve education
Awami League Bangladesh Nationalist Party Neither/Don't know/Refused
Thinking now about the following political parties, would you say you liked or disliked them?
22
23%
21%
13%
10%
50%
45%
39%
19%
26%
35%
48%
71%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80%
Jamaat-e-Islami
Jatiya
BNP
Awami League
Like Dislike Don't know/Refused
What are the three most important problems facing Bangladesh?(Open-ended, comparison of previous survey data, first choice shown)
24
Issue Feb 2016 Nov 2015 Jun 2015 Sep 2014 Jan 2014 Nov 2013
Economy 21% 17% 11% 13% 7% 23%
Security/Law and order 21% 13% 15% 9% 11% 11%
Political instability 12% 11% 16% 13% 39% 34%
Corruption 9% 18% 24% 20% 36% 20%
Transportation/Traffic/Infrastructure 8% 11% 6% 17% 1% 3%
Can you give me an example of corruption in Bangladesh?(Open-ended)
25
11%
1%
1%
1%
2%
2%
4%
4%
5%
8%
11%
45%
0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30% 35% 40% 45% 50%
Don't know/Refused to answer
Corruption in road construction
Need to bribe to get electric meter
Stuffed ballot boxes
Corruption in land deals
Question's leaked for public exams
Corruption in education
People do not properly benefit from govt. programs
Bribes to doctors/hospitals
Corruption in judiciary
Need to bribe police
Need to pay bribe to get a job
In Bangladesh, if you could only have one or the other, which is more important to you: a democratic system of government or a
prosperous economy?
27
58%
59%
43%
50%
7%
9%
8%
13%
20%
14%
13%
13%
10%
13%
32%
12%
4%
5%
5%
13%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%
Sep2014
Jun2015
Nov2015
Feb2016
Democracy is definitely more important Democracy is somewhat more important
Prosperity is somewhat more important Prosperity is definitely more important
Don't know/Refused to answer
When you hear the word democracy, what first comes to your mind?(Open-ended)
28
Response Percent
Government elected by the people 19%
Everyone is equal 9%
Freedom of speech 9%
Individual liberty 6%
Country is peaceful 1%
Bangladesh is independent 1%
Other 6%
Don’t know/Refused to answer 49%
Of the following statements, would you say you agree or disagree?
29
8%
12%
7%
45%
29%
38%
27%
30%
35%
30%
41%
18%
29%
20%
26%
7%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%
In a democracy theeconomic system runs
badly.
Democracies are indecisiveand have too much
quarreling
Democracies aren't good atmaintaining law and order.
Democracy might haveproblems, but it is still
better than any other formof government.
Strongly agree Somewhat agree Somewhat disagree Strongly disagree
Agree or Disagree?Voting gives me a chance to influence decision-making in the
country.
30
69%
67%
69%
54%
25%
21%
23%
32%
2%
5%
4%
7%
2%
5%
2%
2%
2%
1%
2%
5%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%
Sep2014
Jun2015
Nov2015
Feb2016
Strongly agree Somewhat agree Somewhat disagree Strongly disagree Don't know/Refused
Agree or disagree?Politicians listen to my needs and ideas.
31
12%
45%
27%
17%
Most of the time
Some of the time
Rarely
Never
In your opinion, how influential is religion on…
33
15%
39%
41%
35%
6%
5%
24%
17%
15%
4%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%
Bangladesh politics?
your day-to-day views andopinions?
Very influential Somewhat influential Not very influential Not influential at all
How often do you attend religious services?
34
<1%
3%
6%
34%
56%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60%
Rarely if ever
A few times a year
Once or twice a month
Once a week
Daily
To what extent do you think that...
36
51%
44%
53%
15%
18%
16%
2%
2%
2%
4%
8%
3%
28%
28%
26%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%
extremism is a problem inBangladesh?
religious extremism is aproblem in Bangladesh?
political extremism is aproblem in Bangladesh?
Very big problem Somewhat of a problem Not really a problem Not a problem at all
In your opinion, what is the main cause of extremism in Bangladesh?
37
47%
1%
2%
2%
4%
6%
38%
Don't know/Refused to answer
Ethnic tension
There are no extremists in Bangladesh
Socio-economic tensions
Personal grievances
Religious differences
Political differences
Thinking now about elections, when would you like to see the next national parliamentary elections occur?
40
51%
2%1%
2%3%
36%
51%
1% 1% 1%3%
36%
40%
2% 2%1%
5%
43%45%
2%1% 1%
4%
40%
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
The parliamentshould complete
its term
Within the nextfour years
Within the nextthree years
Within the nexttwo years
Within the nextyear
As soon aspossible
Feb 2016 Nov 2015 Jun 2015 Sep 2014
2%
2%
2%
6%
14%
18%
19%
37%
0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30% 35% 40%
Don't know/Refused to answer
Other
Religious group/Religious leaders
Civil society organizations
Village/Community leaders
Political party/Candidate platforms
Media
Family members
Where do you get information related to candidates and political parties?
What or who influences your voting decision the most?
1%
1%
2%
4%
5%
5%
18%
65%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70%
Don't know/Refused to answer
Taka or gift
Civil society organizations
Media
Village/Community leaders
Political party/Candidate platforms
Family members
No one
41
Agree or Disagree?The municipal elections of December 30, 2015 were free and fair
42
56%
22%
7%
7%
8%
Strongly agree
Somewhat agree
Somewhat disagree
Strongly disagree
Don't know/Refused toanswer
What is the first thing you would like to see the new municipal government accomplish in the first year?
(Open-ended)
43
33%
1%
1%
1%
1%
1%
2%
2%
3%
4%
6%
45%
Don't know/Refused to answer
Clean the municipality
Overall development
Contruct a bridge in the area
Development of schools and colleges
Keep the peace
Solve the electricity problem
Solve the gas supply problem
Solve the water supply problem
Give people jobs
Fix the sewage system
Development of roads
Should a non-party, caretaker government be brought back
before the next parliamentary elections?
77%
68%
67%
68%
58%
18%
25%
22%
23%
32%
5%
8%
11%
9%
9%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%
Jan 2014
Sep 2014
Jun 2015
Nov 2015
Feb 2016
Yes No Don't know/Refused44
Agree or Disagree?Women are equally represented in political decision-making
positions in Bangladesh.
46
51%
38%
38%
39%
29%
43%
33%
48%
11%
12%
13%
10%
9%
7%
7%
4%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%
Sep2014
Jun2015
Nov2015
Feb2016
Strongly agree Somewhat agree Somewhat disagree Strongly disagree
Agree or disagree?Politicians don’t listen to the needs and ideas of women.
47
11%
29%
39%
22%
Strongly agree
Somewhat agree
Somewhat disagree
Strongly disagree
If there are two candidates running for office and they are exactly the same aside from the fact that one is a man and one is a
woman, which candidate would you prefer?
48
58%
56%
54%
55%
29%
23%
23%
32%
15%
21%
20%
13%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%
Sep2014
Jun2015
Nov2015
Feb2016
Man Woman No difference
If there are two candidates running for office and they are exactly the same aside from the fact that one is a man and one is a
woman, which candidate would you prefer?
49
By Gender Feb 2016 Nov 2015 Jun 2015 Sep 2014
Men/Prefer man 74% 77% 69% 79%
Men/Prefer woman 14% 5% 10% 7%
Men/No difference 12% 16% 21% 14%
Women/Prefer man 36% 31% 42% 34%
Women/Prefer woman 50% 41% 37% 51%
Women/No difference 14% 24% 32% 16%
Agree or Disagree? Politicians don’t listen to the needs and ideas of young people.
50
23%
21%
12%
33%
21%
29%
26%
23%
30%
18%
19%
30%
16%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%
Jun2015
Nov2015
Feb2016
Strongly agree Somewhat agree Somewhat disagree Strongly disagree Don't know/Refused to answer
From which type of media are you most likely to get your news?
52
64%
24%
2% 2% 1% 1%
TV Word of mouth Internet Newspapers Radio Social Media
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
Which TV station do you most often watch?(Those answering TV, n=1,619, open-ended)
53
6%
5%
2%
2%
2%
2%
4%
5%
13%
15%
18%
26%
0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30%
Don't Know/Refused
Other
Independent
Ch 24
BanglaVision
Ch 71
RTV
Ch i
NTV
ATN
BTV
Somoy
To which radio station do you most often listen?(Those answering radio, n=25, open-ended)
54
28%
4%
4%
4%
4%
8%
8%
16%
24%
0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30%
Don't Know/Refused
FM 100.8
Radio Foorti
Radio Amar
Radio Today
BBC Bangla
Dhaka FM
Bangla Betar
Radio Today 89.6
Which newspaper do you most often read?(Those answering newspaper, n=55)
55
9%
2%
2%
2%
4%
4%
4%
4%
9%
9%
9%
20%
24%
0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30%
Don't Know/Refused
Manabkontho
Khoborer Kagoj
Daily Star
Kaler Kontho
Jonokontho
Inqilab
Somokal
Manob Jamin
Jugantor
Ittefaq
Prothom Alo
Protidin
Monthly Household IncomeLess Than 5,000 taka* 9%
5,001-10,000 taka 41%
10,001-15,000 taka 26%
15,001-20,000 taka 12%
20,001-30,000 taka 7%
30,001 taka + 4%
DivisionDhaka 32%
Chittagong 20%
Rajshahi 13%
Khulna 11%
Rangpur 11%
Sylhet 7%
Barisal 6%
ReligionMuslim 91%
Hindu 8%
Buddhist 1%
GenderMale 50%
Female 50%
EducationIlliterate 19%
Literate/No Formal Schooling 9%
Class 1-4 14%
Class 5-9 37%
Secondary School
Certificate/Dakhil 10%
Higher Secondary Certificate 7%
Bachelor of Arts/Bachelor of
Science 3%
Graduate Degree 1%
Age18-30 years 41%
31-40 years 25%
41-50 years 16%
51-60 years 10%
61 years + 8%
Area Urban 26%
Rural 74%
Demographics
*At the time of survey release, one Bangladeshi taka was equivalent to $0.013 USD.
56