BELLWORK Review: 1.Name one change or improvement to farming during the industrial revolution. 2.Name one reason the industrial revolution started in Britain. Brainstorm: 3. What do you think its like to work in a factory? Standard and Objective W.11 Analyze the evolution of work and labor and problems caused by harsh working conditions Objective: I can describe work and labor conditions during the industrial Revolution. Bellwork Notes Assembly Line Simulation Assignment The Factory System A Revolution in Textiles Prior to the industrial revolution, textiles were produced by the cottage industry Cottage Industry: a craft occupation performed in the home One person would perform all tasks associated with creating a product, from start to finish Pros and Cons of the Cottage Industry Pros People control their work schedules Easily address family needs Cons Only adults could handle the hard manual labor A house fire or flood could ruin a familys livelihood Quality of products varied widely New inventions changed the process of cloth making Cotton Gin Invented by Eli Whitney Removed seeds from raw cotton Spinning Jenny Invented by James Hargreaves Spun multiple threads at one time Did the work of 8 spinners Flying Shuttle Invented by John Kay Pushed thread back and forth on loom automatically Doubled the speed at which the worker could do the job Power Loom Invented by Edmund Cartwright Automated the weaving process Steam Engine Invented by James Watt Used steam to power machines Impact of the New Inventions New inventions sped up the cloth making process Machines were so big they needed a special place to house them This leads to the creation of FACTORIES. Factories By 1800, the vast majority of people, both adults and children, men and women, were employed by a factory Factories were cheaper and more efficient than the cottage industry Factories produced higher quality materials at a faster rate Mass Production Mass Production the system of manufacturing larger numbers of identical items Assembly Line the product moves from worker to worker, as each one performs a step in the manufacturing process Assembly Line https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DfGs2Y5WJ14 Factory Conditions Factories were very dangerous and there were few regulations that the owners had to follow People suffered severe injuries when accidentally getting too close to the gears People worked long shifts (12 hours or more) for six days out of the week; they were usually given one meal break a day Factories were loud, hot, poorly ventilated, and very dirty Factory Life Testimonials I worked from five in the morning till nine at night. I lived two miles from the mill. We had no clock. If I had been too late at the mill, I would have been quartered. I only got a penny an hour, and they would have taken a halfpenny - Elizabeth Bentley, 1832 I began working at Cooks when I was 8 years old. We had to eat our food at the mill. It was frequently covered by flues from the wool; and in that case they had to be blown off with the mouth, and picked off with the fingers, before it could be eaten. - Matthew Crabtree, 1832 Wages per week of work Male head of household: 15 shillings Female, married: 9 shillings Female, single (over 16): 10 shillings Male, single (over age 16, but living at home): 15 shillings Child over 11: 5 shillings Child under 11: 3 shillings In the early 1800s, one pound of tea cost 6 shillings and rent cost 5 shillings a month Exploitation of Factory Workers Why would factory owners implement these fines? Why would workers continue to work under these conditions? Workers Take a Stand Workers formed Labor Unions to protest harsh working conditions Labor Union an association of workers with the same skill who unite to improve wages, benefits, working conditions, and workers rights Workers Take a Stand Strikes: the refusal to work in order to force factory owners to talk to them Lead to complete stoppage of work Effective at promoting change, but hurt relationships between workers and factory owners Eventually factory conditions began to improve Assembly Line Simulation Introduction Although we can not duplicate the conditions of large nineteenth-century factories in your classroom, today you will complete tasks and discuss questions designed to help you understand what it must have been like to be a factory worker during the nineteenth century in England. Congratulations, You Have Been Hired! You have just been hired to work at the Triangle Shirt Company! You will be creating this blouse to sell to the masses: Activity Set-Up/Worker Assignments We need 6 people in each row (You are the factory workers) If you are workers #3 and #5, you are child laborers and must keep one hand behind your back Two Factory Managers Managers are responsible for meeting production quotas and keeping workers moving and on task Managers will enforce factory rules Managers can fire people and throw out blouses that dont meet their standards Managers may need to yell a their workers to keep them moving at a fast pace. Remember time is money! Rest of the class are immigrants waiting for a job to open up Wages Per Week of Work Male head of household: 15 Shillings Female, married: 9 Shillings Female, single (over 16): 10 shillings Male, single (over age 16, but living at home: 15 shillings Child over 11: 5 shillings Child under 11: 3 shillings Factory Manager: Makes an additional 1 shilling per week Remember: You my be fired at any time several immigrants are waiting for your job! Factory Rules No Talking No Laughing No Horseplay Work Fast Produce Quality Items Keep the line moving Production Once the whistle blows, you have 5 minutes to create 20 blouses. Person #1 will begin the assembly line by quickly drawing their assigned part then passing it to Person #2 and so on. When the paper gets to person #6, you should have an accurate blouse. Work quickly and accurately or you may get fired and replaced by an immigrant. At the end of the five minutes, the factory manager will evaluate the blouses. If they are not up to par, they will be discarded. The line that has the most blouses completed will get a raise! (Candy) Worker #1: Collar Worker #2: Body of the blouse Worker #3: Left sleeve and cuff Worker #4: Right sleeve and cuff Worker #5: 6 Buttons Worker #6: Right and Left Pleats Assembly Line Wrap Up Answer the following questions on your own paper (This will be turned in) 1.Describe the factory experience. 2.How is working in a factory different than working alone? 3.How would the blouses be different if they were created in a factory as opposed to created by one person? 4.What is the difference in the type of jobs males and females performed? 5.Did you like the working conditions? What could you do to improve your working conditions? 6.If you owned a business, would you use this method of production? Why or why not? Assignment: Pretend you are a factory worker living during the Industrial Revolution. Write a one to two paragraph diary entry explaining what factory life was like. Be sure to include specific details (what it is like working on the assembly line, how you are treated by your boss and managers, how much you get paid, hardships you face, etc.) DUE AT THE END OF CLASS Alternative Assignment: Read pages 640 645 in textbook. On your own paper, do the following: Write definitions for all key terms. Answer all reading check questions at the end of all paragraphs. Complete Section 2 Assessment Questions 1 -4 on p. 645