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BIOTIC AND ABIOTIC COMPONENTS
Biotic components are the living things that shape an ecosystem.
A biotic factor is any
living component that affects another organism, including
animals that consume the
organism in question, and the living food that the organism
consumes. Each biotic factor
needs energy to do work and food for proper growth. Biotic
factors include human
influence.
Biotic components are contrasted to abiotic components, which
are non-living
components of an organism's environment, such as temperature,
light, moisture, air
currents, etc. Remember the abiotic factors by SWATS. Soil,
Water, Air, Temperature,
and Sunlight.
Biotic components usually include:
Producers, i.e. autotrophs: e.g. plants, they convert the energy
[fromphotosynthesis (the transfer of sunlight, water, and carbon
dioxide into energy),
or other sources such as hydrothermal vents] into food.
Consumers, i.e. heterotrophs: e.g. animals, they depend upon
producers(occasionally other consumers) for food.
Decomposers, i.e. detritivores: e.g. fungi and bacteria, they
break downchemicals from producers and consumers (usually dead)
into simpler form which
can be reused.
In ecology and biology,abiotic components (also called abiotic
factors) are non-living chemical and physical factors in the
environment, which affect ecosystems.Abiotic phenomena underlie all
of biology.
In biology, abiotic factors can be include light, radiation,
temperature, water,atmospheric gases, and soil. The macroscopic
climate often influences each of
the above. Pressure and sound waves may also be considered in
the context of
marine or sub-terrestrial environments.[1]
All of these factors affect different organisms to different
extents. If there is littleor no sunlight then plants may wither
and die from not being able to get enough
sunlight to do photosynthesis. Many archaea require very high
temperatures, or
pressures, or unusual concentrations of chemical substances such
as sulfur,
because of their specialization into extreme conditions. Certain
fungi haveevolved to survive mostly at the temperature, the
humidity, and stability of their
environment.[2]
For example, there is a significant difference in access to
water as well ashumidity between temperate rainforests and deserts.
This difference in water
access causes a diversity in the types of plants and animals
that grow in these
areas.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ecosystemhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organismhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Animalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Foodhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abiotic_componenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Autotrophhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plantshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heterotrophhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Animalshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Detritivorehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fungihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bacteriahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ecologyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biologyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemicalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Physical_propertyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natural_environmenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ecosystemhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lighthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radiationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Temperaturehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Humidityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atmospherehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soilhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Climatehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pressurehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sound_waveshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abiotic_component#cite_note-EoEarth-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abiotic_component#cite_note-EoEarth-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abiotic_component#cite_note-EoEarth-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organismhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Archaebacteriahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abiotic_component#cite_note-UWC-2http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abiotic_component#cite_note-UWC-2http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abiotic_component#cite_note-UWC-2http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Temperate_rainforesthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deserthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deserthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Temperate_rainforesthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abiotic_component#cite_note-UWC-2http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Archaebacteriahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organismhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abiotic_component#cite_note-EoEarth-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sound_waveshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pressurehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Climatehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soilhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atmospherehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Humidityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Temperaturehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radiationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lighthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ecosystemhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natural_environmenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Physical_propertyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemicalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biologyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ecologyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bacteriahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fungihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Detritivorehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Animalshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heterotrophhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plantshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Autotrophhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abiotic_componenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Foodhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Animalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organismhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ecosystem
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FOOD CHAIN
A food chain is a linear consequence of links in a
food web starting from a species that eats no
other species in the web and ends at a species
that is eaten by no other species in the web. A
food chain differs from a food web, because thecomplex
polyphagous network of feeding
relations are aggregated into trophic species
and the chain only follows linear monophagous
pathways. A common metric used to quantify
food web trophic structure is food chain length.
In its simplest form, the length of a chain is the
number of links between a trophic consumer
and the base of the web and the mean chain
length of an entire web is the arithmetic
average of the lengths of all chains in a food
web.[1][2]
Food chains were first introduced by the African-Arab scientist
and philosopher Al-Jahiz in the 9th century and
later popularized in a book published in 1927 by Charles Elton,
which also introduced the food web concept
FOOD WEB
A series of organisms related by
predator-prey and consumer-resource
interactions; the entirety of
interrelated food chains in an
ecological community.
In nature, food chain relationships arenot isolated. They are
very complex, as
one organism may form the food
source of many organisms. Thus,
instead of a simple linear food chain,
there is a web like structure formed by
these interlinked food chains. Such
interconnected matrix of food chains is
called 'food web'.
Food web can be defined as, "a
network of food chains which are
interconnected at various trophic levels, so as to form a number
of feeding connections amongst different
organisms of a biotic community".
Food webs are indispensable in ecosystems as they allow an
organism to obtain its food from more than one type
of organism of the lower trophic level.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Food_webhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polyphagoushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monophagoushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Food_chain#cite_note-Briand87-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Food_chain#cite_note-Briand87-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Food_chain#cite_note-Briand87-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-Jahizhttp://dictionary.reference.com/browse/communityhttp://dictionary.reference.com/browse/communityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-Jahizhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Food_chain#cite_note-Briand87-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Food_chain#cite_note-Briand87-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monophagoushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polyphagoushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Food_web
