Bird Strike Control and Reduction in JAPAN

Second Meeting of the Aerodromes Operationsand Planning Working Group (AOP/WG/2)(Yogyakarta Indonesia 3- 5 June 2014)(Yogyakarta, Indonesia, 3 5 June 2014)

Koichiro KODAMAJAPAN Civil Aviation Bureau (JCAB),

Ministry of Land Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism (MLIT)

Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism

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Outline

Bird Strike Control and Reduction in JAPAN

Introduction – Recorded Bird Strike

Bird Strike Control and Reduction system in JAPAN

Introduction Recorded Bird Strike

y- Organization- Current Efforts

Program- Program

Bird Detecting System in Tokyo INTL Airport (HANEDA)Bird Detecting System in Tokyo INTL Airport (HANEDA)-Background-Design Concept-Composition (presented by NEC on camera system)-Screen Image-Evaluation plan on OperationEvaluation plan on Operation

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Introduction - 1

The number of bird strikes in JAPAN

A i t l 1900 BS t d i 2013

- 89 Civilian airports and 8 airports in Civilian-military joint use.

The number of bird strikes in JAPAN.

- Approximately 1900 BS reported in 2013.

BS reported2000

1600

1800

1200

1400

1617 1745 1599 1710 1903

600

800

1000

200

400

600

32009 2010 2011 2012 2013 year

0

Introduction - 2

The number of Damaged Aircraft caused by bird strikes in JAPANThe number of Damaged Aircraft caused by bird strikes in JAPAN .

-In 2012, 3 cases are Aircraft Accident of severe damage.

60

70

1350

60

45 4959

486630

40

45 49 48

10

20

year0

2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

4

Aircraft Accident Damaged Aircraft

Introduction - 3

The number of bird strikes in JAPAN per 10,000 movements.

11 89

14 

11.03 10.51 

11.89  11.63 

10

12 

8.31 8 

10 

5.16  4.67  5.01  4.71 5.22 

4

6 

2 

4 

year0 

2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

5(21 Airports at 2013) (Other Airports)

With Bird Patrol Without Bird Patrol

Organization

Regulatory AuthoritiesNational Committee

Committee to examine measures for BS prevention in Japan

Regulatory Authorities National Committee

【Member】Work

together Regional CABCAB,HQ【Member】

Wildlife Control SpecialistsAircraft OperatorsMinistry of the EnvironmentMinistry of Defense

Airport operations Manual/Guidance materialsICAO（IBIS）

Ministry of DefenseCivil Aviation BureauAirport AdministratorBird Patrol Officer

Local Committee at Airports

Direct instructionAdvice Instruction

Wildlife strike prevention programCommittee for BS prevention at the airport.

Various activities 【Member】

Airport Administrator

Bird Patrol Covered by Net

Propane cannons

pAir Traffic Controller/ Flight Operation Information UnitAirport/Navigation Facility Management UnitLocal GovernmentAircraft Operator

Habitat Control6

Bird Sweeping

pTerminal Building Management CompanyBird Patrol Officer, etc.

Bird Strike Accident

Current Efforts by National Committee

US Airways Accident

Bird Strike Accident Problem

BS occurred : 39% at Night, Dusk, Dawn◆ 60% of BS occurred are by unknown bird species.y

HANEDA has the highest BS events in Japan. (ca. 10%)

Impro ement Polic

Improving the control systemImproving the monitoring system on

Improvement Policy

Improving the control system (Especially at night)

Introduction of control equipment for

Improving the monitoring system on the ecology of bird

Strengthening leadership of the

Bird Strike Information Sharing Site

Bird Species Identification by DNA

Introduction of control equipment for night operation

Strengthening leadership of the Committee

Bird Species Identification by DNA or Feather Analysis

Installation of Bird Detecting Raising the level of control program of

7

gSystem at HANEDA Raising the level of control program of

the nationwide airports

Airport Administrator/Operator

Bird Strike Control Program - 1p p

Environmental Assessment (Food, Water and Shelter)

V t ti t d Ai t Bi d M i R t

Habitat Control Bird Sweeping

Vegetation at or around Airport Birds Moving Route

Water areaRemoving grass

Grass area

Lines over water Bird Patrol

Distress-call and nose-

8Nest Management

Cutting trees

generating system

Pyrotechnic

Bird Strike Control Program - 2

Bird Strike Information Sharing Site https://bird cab mlit go jp/Bird Strike Information Sharing Site https://bird.cab.mlit.go.jp/- A purpose of this site is collecting the reports of the bird strike that occurred in Japan by Internet, and sharing various information about bird strike with all stakeholders.

Collect BS Report from aircraft operators b INTERNET

Sharing various information and d t ti ith ll t k h ldby INTERNET.

→Afterward, airport administrator add the missing information, for example “Bird species”

documentation with all stakeholders・Manuals・Statistical Information・Best Practices etc.species

All stakeholders can access the BS Database anytime.

Best Practices etc.

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Bird Strike Control Program - 3

Bird Species Identification by DNA or Feather AnalysisBird Species Identification by DNA or Feather Analysis-In order to implement the measures depending on the bird species, we identify BS occurred bird species by DNA or feather analysis fm 2010.

BS occurs, collecting the residue from Runway or the aircraft

Send the residue to the research organization which contracted

Feather analysis-Compare to the residue and specimen

DNA analysis-Analyze the DNA from residue and compare to the DNA DB

( t f bi d b d ) (blood, bone,(a part of bird body) (blood, bone, feather etc..)

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Raising the level of control program of the nationwide airports

Bird Strike Control Program - 4

Raising the level of control program of the nationwide airportsGuidance material revised 2014

-This Guidance will help Airport Administrator to plan bird control program at each Airport-This Guidance will help Airport Administrator to plan bird control program at each Airport

ContentsOutline of Bird Strike Control and Reduction system

◆Revised ◆ Effort and recommendations of the committee so far◆ Best Practice◆ Reflection of ICAO Doc 9137 Part 3 revised 2012

The past Guidance was made in 1998

Direct instruction by National Committee

If necessary, National Committee specialists visitthe airport, and give direct instructions to Local Committee.

・・・

For Example◆Effective way of Bird patrol ◆Habitat control to be implemented

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BIRDS

Birds position Information Radar Display System (BIRDS)

I t ll ti t 2012 i T k INTL Ai t /RJTT (HANEDA)Installation at 2012 in Tokyo INTL Airport /RJTT (HANEDA)

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Runway

Tokyo INTL Airport /RJTT (HANEDA)

2V+H+C

Runway16L/34R: 3,000 x 60m

04/22: 2,500 x 60m16R/34L: 3,000 x 60m16R/34L: 3,000 x 60m

05/23: 2,500 x 60m(05/23 was installed 2010)

Hours of Operation

C

24 HoursNumber of Traffic

447,000per year

V+CV+H (Approx 1,200flights/day)

New RWY

BIRDSBIRDSV ：Vertical radar 4H :Horizontal radar 2C :Camera 3Noise generating system 3

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Program

BackgroundBS reported

Program

Bird Patrol Habitat Control143

171

237

175201

150

200

250

0

50

100

year

Problem & Background

Examination for NEW technology

1%1%

DAWN

2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

The number of BS at HANEDA

year

BS occurred : 39% at Night, Dusk, DawnNew RWY was installed In 2010INTL Night Flights were increasing 60%

34%

DAWN

DAY

DUSK

NIGHT

UNK

Considering with National CommitteeNational Committee

4%

UNK

Percentage of occurrence time at HANEDA

Purpose: To implement year-round BS preventive actionBird Patrol applied 24HRsMonitoring Bird Movement in and around airport CONSTANTLY

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g pIntroduction of new DEVICE to prevent Night BS

Design Concept

Tactical Approach(Short term – real time monitoring)

Abilit t d t t bi d fl i t hi h ltit d b i dAbility to detect birds flying at higher altitudes by using radar technologies.

Ability to detect activity of birds near ground level and low altitudes byAbility to detect activity of birds near ground level and low altitudes by using cameras.

Providing real time information for bird patrollers.

Strategic ApproachStrategic Approach(Long term – data analysis)

Better understanding of bird activity (spatial and temporal) at airport.Data for improving the effectiveness of bird habitat control for safer

operations and reduction of bird strikes.

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Composition

◆ SYSTEM consists in combination of Radar and Camera.→Camera cover the area where radar is not able to cover: ground level and very low altitude.

◆Mobile Tablet terminals provide real time information to Bird Patrollers.

Data Processing DeviceRadar 【 AD administrator

/ Birds Patroller’s office】

H-Radar（x2)V-Radar(x4)Camera monitor

OperationTerminal

Printer

【Birds Patroller (Outside) 】Camera

Noise generating system

Data processing MaintenanceMonitoring

High Sensitivity Camera(x3)

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Mobile Tablet

Screen Image■Horizontal Radar ■Birds species registration

Duck ５

Species Number

Date/time observed

p g

Birds detecting SymbolStrength RCS> ●、●、● > weak RCSVertical RCS ●

Close

Date/time observed2010/07/07 09:49：40

Point of observed35°54’N 139°80’E

*Birds patrol officer input observation records with mobile tablet.

Significant Monitoring A

■Birds camera monitoring

Area(ALERM RINGING)

Check Flying Altitude

Watch Birds(if able specified bi d i )

■Vertical RadarFlying Altitude birds species)

L R

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Evaluation Plan on operation

O ti lO ti l ReductionReductionInitial PhaseInitial Phase

OperationalTrial PhaseOperationalTrial Phase BS Phase

(PLANNED)BS Phase(PLANNED)

Initial PhaseMastery of the usage, for example,

learning the capability of the radars and

Operational Trial PhaseStudy of further analytical methods of

the accumulated data for implementationg p ycameras

Adjustment of RCS levels suitable for the weather and environment

the accumulated data, for implementation and evaluation of effective and efficient bird strike control program.

A i ti bi d t l ti it b lthe weather and environment characteristics of the airport.

Accumulation of observation records of the bird patrollers and of detection

Assisting bird patrol activity by real-time monitoring.

Using of the statistics function of of the bird patrollers and of detection information of the radars and cameras.

Analysis of the accumulated data for h bit t t l

camera, which was developed after initial phase.

Reduction BS Phasehabitat control.Improving efficiency of bird patrol (with

mobile tablet)

Reduction BS Phase (PLANNED)

“Speedy Bird Sweeping”

“Proactive Control with data analysis”mobile tablet)

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Proactive Control with data analysis

Camera and image processing

High sensitivity camera▐ Automatic bird detection through image processing▐ Ability to capture/store video images▐ Ability to capture/store video images▐ Automatic rotation▐ Manual pan and tilt zoom for visual confirmation

Performance Type of Camera

Full High Definition

The Number of Pixels

1,920 x 1,080 pixel

F R t 30 fFrame Rate 30 fps

Lens Focus Range 16.7 mm-1,000 mm

Image Processing Function

Automatic detection of moving birds through image processing

© NEC Corporation 2014Page 19

Camera and image processing

Two ways of operation: automatic vs. manual mode▌ Automatic mode: automatic monitoring and detection of moving birds ▌ Manual mode: ability to control PAN/TILT/ZOOM/IRIS for visual confirmation▌ Manual mode: ability to control PAN/TILT/ZOOM/IRIS for visual confirmation▌ Manual mode: DB registration of bird data (species, location, deterrence method)

AUTO PAN

ZOOM

© NEC Corporation 2014Page 20

Camera and image processing

▐ Advantage of utilizing advanced image processing techniques

Video Capture

Image Correction

Distortion compensation for skew, etc.

Image Correction

Differential image processing

Filtering process Extraction of moving objects by subtraction of

Skewed image Distortion compensated image

Filtering process

Form analysis

Extraction of moving objects by subtraction of serial images after compensation

Bird candidate extraction

(Comparison)

Object classification (Bi d d t ti )(Bird detection) Original image Subtracted image

© NEC Corporation 2014Page 21

Camera and image processing

▐ Advantage of utilizing advanced image processing techniques

Video Capture

Image Correction

• Extraction of the information representing birds

• Comparison between bird candidate and DBImage Correction

Differential image

Comparison between bird candidate and DB

processing

Filtering process Birds?

Filtering process

Form analysis

?Bird candidate

(Comparison)

Object classification (Bi d d t ti )

Bird DB Other objects(Bird detection)

Bird DB

© NEC Corporation 2014Page 22

Camera and image processing （Statistic graph 1/2）

▌ Based on the data from the log files, such as camera’s direction and time of bird detection, it is possible to create statistic graphs for better understanding of allocation of birds. The statistic data can be divided by camera direction (every 10 or 2 degrees) or time (every 1 hour or 5 minutes).t e (e e y ou o 5 utes)

▌ The statistic graphs can be visually supported by background images, taken in advance by bird detection camera, displayed in both combined 360-degree or 30-degree view.

Nu

Detect

(Frame

umber of detect tion rate

e rate)

Time

tion times

Direction

Time

Sample 1: Statistic graph showing data taken at 10- degree interval captured from 5AM to 6PM. Supported by 360-degree combined image view.

© NEC Corporation 2014Page 23

Camera and image processing （Statistic graph 2/2）

▌▌ The operator can extract the camera log file according to preferred time and direction for more detailed analysis.

Num

beer of detection timmes

Time

Direction

Sample 2: Statistic graph showing data taken from 10AM to 11AM within range of 30-degrees (from 120 to 150 degrees) at 2-degree interval. Supported by 30-degree image view.

© NEC Corporation 2014Page 24

Thank youfor your attention !!!

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