Book review: Advances in Human Paleopathology

Book Reviews

Molecular Epidemiology of Chronic Diseases. Editedby Chris Wild, Paolo Vineis, and Seymour Garte. xvi1 368 pp. West Sussex, England: John Wiley andSons. 2008. $130.00 (cloth).

We now have multiple analytical platforms availablefor bioanalysis—proteomics and transcriptomics plat-forms for looking at the communication within the orga-nism, DNA sequences now mapping millions of singlenucleotide polymorphisms, metabonomics and its complexmetabolic characterization, and the relevant advances inlaboratory instrumentation technology—so we can askwhat benefits all these can confer when applied to thepractical study and prediction of human disease and itspathogenesis. Further, the evolution of novel techniquesof data analysis has become an important issue with theincreasingly large and complex data from these platforms.Molecular epidemiology aims to apply such methodswithin a biological science framework to population andcohort analyses of mortality and morbidity and the predic-tion thereof, using information right down to the molecu-lar description level now offered by many analytical tech-niques. The integration of such data with longitudinalstatistics offers a new way to mine existing biosample ar-chives, as well as the design of new studies to tease outthe multifactorial and interacting influences, whichunderlie disease development.

Preparation of a study and choice of the means of dataacquisition, data analysis and modeling, and the provi-sion of the results in biochemically interpreted and pre-dictively useful forms are all important considerations tothe outcome. To this end, following the introduction,there is a series of individual chapters by expert authorsin which may be identified rough thematic groupings.Chapters 2–5 discuss aspects of study design, cohortanalysis, and technical features of genetics such as ana-lyzing gene-gene (epistasis) and gene-environment inter-actions in depth, followed by 2 chapters dealing with de-velopment, validation, and application of biomarkersincluding exposure assessment. Three further chaptersdeal with specific biomarkers—carcinogen metabolites,DNA adducts, and markers of mutation and DNA repaircapacity. Following this, genotyping and various ‘‘omics’’technologies are outlined in chapters 11–13, and somestrengths and weaknesses are assessed. Studies in thecontext of risk analysis via biostatistical and bioinfor-matic approaches to these data are then provided inchapters 14–18. Chapter 14 on univariate and multivari-ate data analysis seem rather a ‘‘taster’’, as the univari-ate material is covered rather concisely and descriptively,whereas the multivariate section concentrates on somespecialized multivariate approaches such as path dia-grams for regression analysis, and requires careful read-ing by the novice. Chapter 16 approaches the analysis ofdata where complex biological interactions underlie theobservations which must be decoded for proper interpre-tation; this material connects back to the earlier discus-sion of interactions such as epistasis given in chapters2–5. Chapter 18 provides a concise overview of bioinfor-matics from one of the authors of Chapter 16, and itselfnotes that this only ‘‘scratches the surface’’ of the toolscurrently available.

The ultimate aim of epidemiology is to reduce healthburden through disease prevention, and Chapters 19 and20 return to biomarkers and discuss their role in assistingregulatory decision making and implementing interven-tion strategies. The latter chapter presents a range ofinteresting examples in a concise exploration of this appli-cation of biomarkers. The two following chapters discussboth practical and ethical issues relating to the collectionof biological specimens, with a little overlap on such prac-tical issues as sample acquisition and especially samplestorage for archiving (and the end of chapters 3 and 6 bothalso have useful material on biomarkers and sample han-dling caveats). Such practical details as across-border col-laborations where ethical regulations differ are discussed,and topical issues such as the right of insurers andemployers to access sensitive data on individuals are alsoconsidered. The book concludes with 4 chapters showingindividual examples of cases where molecular epidemiol-ogy has led to advances, and returns to biomarkers as thekey to unraveling complex interactions, especially in thecontext of cancer etiology. These chapters also illustratesome of the perceived limitations of the approaches illus-trated, serve to draw together many of the themes pre-sented, and thus to refocus the end of the book on practicaland applied aspects in elucidating the origins of humandisease.

The book covers a wide range of relevant themes, withtechnical details dealt with in varying but usually appro-priate detail and complexity. Some text is completelyequation-free; whereas other text such as the short Chap-ter 17 on measurement errors plunges right in. Mostchapters are extensively (and relevantly) referenced,allowing the reader to choose where to go to extend one’sknowledge of a subject. Biological background informa-tion, mathematical analyses, analytical technologies, andthe necessary background to these are all presented atvarious points, which make for a wide-ranging source ofuseful information. I generally enjoyed reading the sec-tions of background material with which I was not famil-iar, which I take to be a good sign in a textbook.

Diagrams are typically clear and relevant, but here andthere is evidence that a late change was made in the text-book figure format from color to grayscale. In chapter 16on the analysis of complex datasets, several captionentries clearly refer to colors, which are no longer presentin the figures, though this was not a real problem in thiscase due to the labeling present. The omission of the 5 col-ors used in the numerical scale for figure 25.2 in chapter25 does, however, hinder an easy reading of the world-wide liver cancer incidence map shown, because the gray-scale density progression does not follow the numericalprogression. However in under 15 min following a websearch under ‘‘Globocan 2002 IARC’’ (the text appearingnear the figure scale), downloading the Globocan programallowed production of a full color map of similar data(http://www-dep.iarc.fr/), which was unambiguous—the 2darkest grayscale colors at the extremes of the valuesshown were originally deep red and green. I also won-dered whether there had been a relatively late titleamendment, because the Amazon online blurb (presum-ably supplied by Wiley) omits the word ‘‘chronic’’ from thebook title in their product description. I have the sensethat ‘‘chronic’’ was not a strong restriction on the range ofdisease cases discussed, but the importance of cancers inthe aims of preventive epidemiology carries a sense of

AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HUMAN BIOLOGY 21:226–230 (2009)

VVC 2009 Wiley-Liss, Inc.

‘‘chronic,’’ in that the delayed onset often observed in can-cers is perfect grist for the epidemiological mill.

As it is probable that no-one is an expert in all the sub-disciplines covered, this text provides an accessible anduseful handbook for the epidemiologist who wants tosurvey the field, to become better informed, to look atrecent developments and get some background on these,or simply to appreciate further the relatively rapidchanges in informatic and analytical technologies whichincreasingly will serve and underpin future epidemiolog-ical studies. One of the strengths of this book is theextensive array of practical illustrative examples, and itwould also in my opinion have useful potential as ateaching text.

I also rather liked the cover design.

RICHARD H. BARTON

Faculty of Medicine, Biomolecular MedicineImperial College LondonUnited Kingdom

DOI: 10.1002/ajhb.20869Published online 6 January 2009 in Wiley InterScience

(www.interscience.wiley.com).

Western Diseases: An Evolutionary Perspective. ByTessa Pollard. xii 1 223 pp. New York, NY: Cam-bridge University Press. 2008. $150.00 (cloth),$65.00 (paper).

Human health and disease can be viewed through dif-ferent lenses. The biomedical lens has almost inevitablyfocused on the proximate causes of ill health; whereas theanthropological lens has generally focused on how popula-tions in different contexts evolved and now live. There hasbeen too much of a divide between these perspectives forboth have much to learn from the other. Nesse’s andWilliams’ (1996) landmark volume on evolutionary medi-cine was an important bridge across this divide; yet thereis a long way to go before these disciplines can coalesce toprovide a more holistic understanding of why individualshave different risks of developing disease in differentenvironments.

In this volume, Tessa Pollard a biological anthropologistfrom Durham, has focused on four major clusters of‘‘disease’’—the metabolic cluster of obesity, heart diseaseand type two diabetes, reproductive biology and in partic-ular reproductive cancers, with shorter sections devotedto allergy and asthma, and to stress and depression. Thisis a comprehensive anthropological and human biologicalreview of noncommunicable disease in the modern world,and thus, a particularly useful compendium.

The book is primarily focused on the most welladdressed of the possible evolutionary pathways toaltered disease risk; that the rapid and recent increasein the prevalence of noncommunicable disease is a resultof evolutionary novelty, namely the mismatch betweenour evolved biology including our adaptive capacitiesand the way we now live (Gluckman and Hanson, 2006).The implied presumption is that the selective environ-ments of our forebears were such that there was no posi-tive selection for adaptability within high energy or pop-ulation-dense environments, and that many lifestyle-associated diseases are a consequence of our capacity for

adaptability being exceeded. Alternatively it may bethat there was positive selection to cope with low nutri-ent environments; this is the basis of the thrifty geno-type hypothesis, which is well discussed and critiqued byPollard.

I have reservations about the author’s choice, defendedon the first page, of using the term ‘‘Western Disease’’. Ithas been known since the work of McKeigue et al. (1988)that some populations such as South Asians develop avery high incidence of type two diabetes without demon-strating overt obesity, although they may have significantvisceral obesity. Type 2 diabetes and hypertension are, inabsolute terms, now primarily diseases of Asia and are ris-ing rapidly in all parts of the world as the socioeconomictransition occurs. Even in these populations these arenow not diseases of the more affluent and it may be anoversimplification to see the change in disease patterns assimply a transfer of Western habits to these populations.The role of genomic variation and developmental (epige-netic) factors in generating risk within such populationsis of current interest.

Given the title of the book, I had expected to find a moredetailed discussion of the fundamental evolutionary proc-esses that might underpin the changing patterns of dis-ease and its absence is a limitation in this otherwise valu-able and extremely well written volume. Knowledgeemerging from the human genome project and subsequentlinkage studies is barely alluded to. The issue of whetherhumans are still under selective pressures is dismissed inone sentence. There is essentially no discussion of the biol-ogy of aging yet the increase in life span is a central com-ponent of changing disease demography, particularly inrelation to both metabolic disease and cancer. In the caseof the metabolic complex, there is increasing literatureand empirical data implicating both genetic and epige-netic processes in causal pathways. A greater considera-tion of the medical and experimental perspectives mayhave given a better balance to the range of potential evo-lutionary explanations, for example, the recent empiricalwork on the potential evolutionary origins of depressedmood provides additional explanations and a level of com-plexity beyond that considered (Keller and Nesse, 2006).There is a need to better integrate these different perspec-tives if the emergent discipline of evolutionary medicine isto have an impact on public health and medicine.

Evolutionary explanations of disease have extendedbeyond a simple adaptationist model, to explore a range ofpathways by which evolutionary factors can contribute toan altered risk of human disease as evolutionary medicinehas progressed (Gluckman et al., 2009; Nesse, 2005; Nesseand Stearns, 2008; Nesse and Williams, 1996). Mismatchand environmental novelty, the prime topic of this book, isbut one evolutionary process leading to an increased dis-ease risk. We need to consider other processes such as evo-lutionary and developmental constraints, the role of lifehistory tradeoffs, and population phenomena such as driftin understanding evolutionary pathways to disease. Totake breast cancer as an example, Mel Greaves (2000) inhis superb book The Evolutionary Origins of Cancer(2000) detailed how multiple pathways can play a role inexplaining evolutionary contributions to the origin ofbreast cancer. By contrast, this book does not discuss thepossible roles of other evolutionary mechanisms such ascumulative somatic mutation, selection at a clonal level,antagonistic pleiotropy, and so on.

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American Journal of Human Biology

But despite these deficits, this is a superb book andmust be an essential volume for any person wishing tounderstand this emergent field, irrespective of their disci-plinary lens.

LITERATURE CITED

Gluckman P, Beedle A, Hanson M. 2009. Principles of evolutionary medi-cine. New York, NY: Oxford University Press.

Gluckman P, Hanson M. 2006. Mismatch: why our world no longer fits ourbodies. New York, NY: Oxford University Press.

Greaves M. 2000. The deepest legacy: the evolutionary origins of cancer.New York, NY: Oxford University Press.

Keller MC, Nesse RM. 2006. The evolutionary significance of depressivesymptoms: different adverse situations lead to different depressivesymptom patterns. J Pers Soc Psychol 91:316–330.

McKeigue PM, Marmot MG, Syndercombe Court YD, Cottier DE, RahmanS, Riemersma RA. 1988. Diabetes, hyperinsulinaemia, and coronary riskfactors in Bangladeshis in East London. Brit Heart J 60:390–396.

Nesse RM. 2005. Maladaptation and natural selection. Q Rev Biol 80:62–70.

Nesse RM, Stearns SC. 2008. The great opportunity: evolutionary applica-tions to medicine and public health. Evol Appl 1:28–48.

Nesse RM, Williams GC. 1996. Why we get sick: the new science of Dar-winian medicine. New York, NY: Random House.

PETER D. GLUCKMAN

Paediatric and Perinatal Biology, Centre forHuman Evolution, Adaptation and DiseaseLiggins Institute, University of AucklandAuckland, New Zealand



Hormones and Behavior: A Psychological Approach.By Nick Neave. x 1 355 pp. New York: CambridgeUniversity Press. 2008. $115.00 (cloth), $45.00(paper).

Hormones are a fundamental biological variable whichaffects various physiological processes, including brainfunctions and behavior. Recent progress in techniques todetermine current hormone levels from blood and salivasample have resulted in easily available, affordable, andreliable hormone essays, and thus in an enormousincrease in high quality publications focusing on the inter-action between the endocrine and the nervous system.Increasing attention has been paid to the organizationaleffects of hormones during prenatal and early postnataldevelopment and to the activational aspects of hormoneson various brain functions and almost all aspects of behav-ior throughout the lifetime. Besides hormonal effects onsexual and reproductive behavior, research focuses moreand more on nonsexual behavior in animals and humans,including neurocognitive processes. Moreover, the neuro-modulatory properties of hormones, such as gonadal ste-roid hormones, have been addressed experimentally andtheir potential clinical relevance for various neurologicaland psychiatric disorders have been described, particu-larly those which revealed sex-specific prevalences or areotherwise sex-sensitive.

Meanwhile, a tremendous number of popular books andarticles has been published to explain differences betweenmen’s and women’s behavior, some of them being quitedull and basically reflecting existing gender stereotypes

and others being empirically well-founded, indicating thatthe nature–nurture debate is still going on. Although themajority of people would probably agree that biologicaland social factors both affect behavior, it can be quite chal-lenging to write a scientific book about the interaction ofhormonal and psychological systems, given the politicaland social questions that might arise. However, NickNeave’s textbook succeeds in giving an objective, unbiasedoverview of current concepts in the field of behavioral en-docrinology and related psychological sex differences.

The first two chapters give a short introduction intoneuroanatomy (chapter 1) and provide the reader with thenecessary neuroendocrinological background, differentiat-ing between hormone classes and describing their func-tional relevance (chapter 2). The following chapters depictthe historical beginnings of behavioral neuroendocrinol-ogy (chapter 3) and give a sufficiently comprehensivereview of the neurological properties of hormones andtheir pharmacological potentials (chapter 4), typical andatypical sexual differentiation (chapter 5 and 6), and neu-ral differentiation (chapter 7). The last four chapters focuson the interaction between (sex) hormones and specific be-havioral systems, such as sexual and reproductive behav-ior (chapter 8), attachment and parental behavior(chapter 9), aggression and competition (chapter 10), andcognitive behavior (chapter 11). Almost each chapter ofNick Neave’s textbook is filled with historical anecdoteswhich are not only interesting but also make it enjoyableto read.

What I really appreciate about this book is that theauthor gives numerous practical tips for students whowant to conduct their own experiments. This informationis not only valuable for undergraduate students but alsoto scientists from different areas who want to set up inter-disciplinary research focusing on hormone-behavior rela-tionships. Neave gives an overview of typical experimen-tal designs in animal and human research testing therelationship between hormones and behavior, andaddresses problems with the interpretation of hormone-behavior causalities. Moreover, the textbook summarizesdifferent techniques of measuring hormones and potentialproblems arising from this. For example, we learn aboutthe second-to-fourth finger ratio, which has been assumedto be an indirect hormone measure of the prenatal andro-gen environment, as well as issues and difficulties relatedto commercially available hormone assays using saliva asthe diagnostic fluid (for example that chewing Wrigley’sDoublemint gum can affect your hormone measures).

Is there any reason to chide the author? In fact, yes,there is. Neave managed to write a book entitled ‘‘Hor-mones and Behavior’’ without addressing glucocorticoids,particularly the interaction between stress, cortisol, andbehavior. The author is aware of this limitation and prom-ises to include this important aspect of the interactionbetween hormones and behavior in a second edition, but Ido not think it is quite that simple. The stress system isprobably one of the most extensively researched hormone-behavior systems. It is not only of theoretical interest butalso of didactic relevance because it demonstrates quiteimpressively how hormones and behavior interact, howcomplex these interactions can be, and how strongly stresshormones can influence behavior and various other psy-chological variables. The book also lacks a chapter abouthow (sex) hormones affect the functional organization ofthe brain, which might help the reader to understand the

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neuronal mechanisms underlying hormone-behavior rela-tionships.

Beside this faux pas, Nick Neave’s textbook is well writ-ten and could be viewed as a fine introduction and a goodoverview of current views and concepts in the field of be-havioral endocrinology. Moreover, this textbook might bea useful alternative to previous books in the field whichare less suitable for undergraduate students. So, althoughwe are waiting for Neave’s revised second edition, I willrecommend this book to my undergraduate students.

MARKUS HAUSMANN

Department of PsychologyDurham University, DurhamUnited Kingdom



Advances in Human Paleopathology. Edited by RonPinhasi and Simon Mays. xviii 1 389 pp. West Sus-sex, England: John Wiley and Sons Ltd. 2008.$150.00 (cloth).

The study of paleopathology requires a broad base ofknowledge and draws on many analytical tools to helpdecipher clues the skeleton gives us in our quest tounderstand human adaptation and how the environmentimpacts our life and death. In Advances in Human Paleo-pathology, Ron Pinhasi and Simon Mays have produced atimely compendium that provides a needed reference towhere the science of paleopathology is at the close of thefirst decade of the 21st century. This volume contains awealth of information on the current state of affairs inpaleopathology, and hopefully, this review will give ataste of what lies between the covers and pique readerinterest.

Modern paleopathology is both discipline and tool. It isconcerned with understanding disease processes in pasthuman groups as a discipline with its own theory andtechnique. Here, the focus is on disease, determiningwhere and when it occurred and how it manifests in theskeleton. Pinhasi and Mays note in their Preface thatmuch of the early history of paleopathology researchfocused on case studies and elucidating exactly whattraces various diseases leave on the bones and thereforedeveloping the base for the discipline. The more recentfocus on population and the evolutionary and adaptiveconsequences of the dance between disease and hostreflects the development of paleopathology as a tool with asuite of techniques that provide clues to how individuals,groups, and populations were affected by their environ-ment. Paleopathology adds another piece in the puzzle forunderstanding how humans adapt and evolve defenses tostressors within that environment. We are better able toreconstruct the disease history and its impact on the evo-lution of our species with modern technologies that facili-tate the quest for clues about that history.

However, we sometimes need to be reminded, as we areby Anne L. Grauer in Chapter 4, that simply looking atthe bones is where every analysis starts and that macro-scopic analysis is actually the most important skill of the

paleopathologist. The study of paleopathology has reliedon expert examination of the bones and the accurate re-cording of lesions found there since its time as a ‘‘physi-cian’s hobby.’’ Unfortunately, the recording of the informa-tion has varied in both form and quality. This has changedgreatly over the last couple of decades, spurred in part bythe need for consistent reporting during NAGPRA inven-tories. Grauer does an excellent job of describing best cur-rent practice in light of historical context with ideas forfuture directions.

The additional eight chapters of Part 1 can be parsedinto a couple of subcategories because of a general similar-ity of focus. For example, Chapters 1 and 2 concern factorsthat can confound the ability of the paleopathologist to re-cord or interpret the information derived from individualskeletons or skeletal series. Gordon Turner-Walker inChapter 1 tackles diagenesis and the effects of chemicaland microbial attack on bone microstructure. He reviewswell the microstructure of bone and then examines howvarious factors (soil, water, microbes, etc.) negativelyimpact the overall structure and mineral density of buriedbone. Sample biases must be understood before interpret-ing the archaeological record, and in Chapter 2, Pinhasiand Barbour offer a nice, albeit short, review of the osteo-logical paradox.

Chapters 3 and 5–8 all focus on analysis techniques,and body of Part 1 lays a nice foundation encompassingeverything from the use of an epidemiological approach todifferential diagnosis and disease prevalence and trends(Chapter 3) to advances in noninvasive imaging methods(Chapter 5, radiography; Chapter 6, CT scanning and 3Dvisualization) and destructive strategies such as histology(Chapter 7) and molecular paleopathology with a focus onaDNA of pathogens (Chapter 8). All of these contributionsinclude good overviews of methodology, generally useinteresting examples, and explain what one can discoverby looking inside the bone in one manner or another.

In Part 2, ‘‘Diagnosis and Interpretation of Disease inHuman Remains’’ Pinhasi and Mays provide chapters bystellar authors that address the manifestations of vari-ous skeletal conditions, now a standard, and welcome,practice. These overviews provide a textual and visual ref-erence, the starting point for differential diagnosis ofpathological conditions. In Chapter 10, Donald Ortnerintroduces differential diagnosis of infectious disease byfirst reviewing how bone responds to infection—primarilythrough abnormal bone formation and/or destruction.This fine chapter covers nine infectious diseases (osteomy-elitis, periostitis/periostosis, tuberculosis, leprosy, trepo-nematosis, brucellosis, mycosis, smallpox, and echinococ-cosis) that Ortner has been able to study personally. InChapter 11, Simon Mays thoroughly covers four types ofmetabolic bone disease: vitamin C (scurvy) and D (rickets,osteomalacia) deficiencies, osteoporosis, and Paget’s dis-ease with pathophysiology, issues surrounding their diag-noses and their uses in the biocultural studies of past pop-ulations. This excellent contribution is accompanied by acomprehensive bibliography and offers insights that willlead to more accurate diagnoses and richer informationabout the lives of early peoples.

Don Brothwell, Alan Ogden, Pia Bennike, and EthneBarnes in Chapters 12, 13, 14, and 15 present generallysolid reviews of tumors, dental pathology, trauma, andcongenital anomalies, respectively. Brothwell discussesneoplasms in bone as part of the overall disease process

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and provides good illustrative examples from the archaeo-logical record of the range of tumors that have been etio-logically identified. As a dabbler in dental anthropology, Ifind Alan Ogden’s contribution on dental paleopathologyin Chapter 13 to be a little light but in general a goodintroduction to conditions commonly found in the teethand jaws.

Bennike’s short chapter on trauma focuses primarily oninjuries produced by interpersonal conflict such as cranialfracture and decapitation, and he includes a good reviewof the mechanisms and nature of how fracture works inbone. However, the chapter is marred by a seeminglysmall but bothersome mistake. On page 311, she discussesthe healing of fractures without treatment and citesSchultz’s (1967) study on limb fractures in wild gibbonswhen she states ‘‘The neatly healed fractures in monkeys. . .’’ I am familiar with this paper, and there are no mon-keys in it. This error was not caught by the editors and tome is glaring. I cannot think of a more pervasive popularmisconception than that of using the terms ‘‘monkeys’’and ‘‘apes’’ interchangeably and which, may I add, is acenter point of at least one lecture in any introduction tophysical anthropology class and should never be forgottenby a physical anthropologist. Chapter 15 by Barnes fol-lows with an excellent overview of rarely observed congen-ital anomalies. She uses a morphogenic approach anddetails the characteristics of the more common anomaliesand with introductions on how to detect them in skeletalseries.

The volume concludes with Pinhasi’s chapter ongrowth, a topic little studied in skeletal series for severalreasons, not the least of which is the sometimes poor pres-ervation of juvenile skeletal material. Pinhasi points outthat careful investigation of skeletal indicators of growthcan provide insight into environmental stressors and theirimpact on past peoples. Pinhasi demonstrates how prom-ising this area of paleopathology is in spite of limitations

such as the investigator’s inability to determine growthvelocity in a skeletal series.

Paleopathology is an evolving scientific discipline andas such is adapting modern technological advances in aneffort to better understand the impact of environmentalstressors on human life history while simultaneouslyrefining tried and true methods of data collection. Overall,Pinhasi and Mays have produced an excellent, balancedcompilation that reflects what is currently happening inpaleopathology research and that nicely addresses paleo-pathology as both discipline and tool, highlighting techni-cal advances and schooling us on how disease manifests inthe human skeleton. This book is a valuable resource thatstudents and professionals interested in human paleopa-thology should consider adding to their libraries, althoughthe cost at $150.00 is just too much. Had Wiley priced thisbook at $75, they would be offering a book that could beused in undergraduate and graduate paleopathologycourses throughout the English-speaking world. Instead,this valuable resource will probably end up only in libra-ries, on a few office shelves, or as isolated PDFs of chap-ters rather that in the hands of the next generation ofpaleopathologists. This is a shame.

LITERATURE CITED

Schultz AH. 1967. Notes on diseases and healed fractures of wild apes. In:Brothwell DR, Sandison AT, editors. Diseases in antiquity. Springfield,IL: Charles C. Thomas. p 47–55.

GREG C. NELSON

Department of AnthropologyUniversity of OregonEugene, Oregon



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Book review: Advances in Human Paleopathology