Botany: Plant Science Vascular and Non-vascular

Asexual and Sexual Reproduction

Characteristics of Plants

● Produce their own food from water, sunlight, and dissolved minerals

● Plant cells have chlorophyll, cell walls, and large vacuoles

● Either vascular or non-vascular

● Reproduce asexually or sexually

Plant Identification

● How many plants are in this photo?

● How are they different?

Classifications

● Plants are either vascular or non-vascular

Non-vascular plants-Also known as Bryophytes

-*Can not store or transport water (Why?)

-*Three classes include mosses, hornworts, and liverworts-Found typically in damp environments (Why?)

-*Most are small and grow low to the ground

Vascular plants-*Specialized structures: Xylem and

Phloem for transporting water-*Transport water in from roots up to

leaves-Defining structures such as roots,

stems, and leaves-Most plants are vascular (trees, grass)

Plant reproduction

● What is the difference between these ways of growing new plants?

(Note the where the roots are growing)

Asexual Reproduction

● *Does not combine gametes (egg and sperm)

● *Clone of old plant (some variation may apply)

● Could grow new plant on part of original or from spores (sporophyte)

● Algae is an example

Vegetative Reproduction

● Runners: stems grow above ground (strawberry)

● Bulbs: short stems at bottom, usually round plants underground (onion)

● Tubers: develop from the stem or root, can grow new roots on their surface (potato)

Plant Reproduction

*Gametes from male and female are joined

● *Seeds are female gametes and pollen is male gametes

● Pollination leads to fertilization

● *Seed dispersal: act of spreading seeds

● Plants use wind, animals, and bugs to spread gametes

Reproduction Benefits and Disadvantages ● What are one advantage and

disadvantage to both asexual and sexual plant reproduction?