Bowthorpe

a community’s

Beginnings

Ray Simpson

www.raysimpson.org

PDF formatting by Brian Lamont

Penbury Press Edinburgh, 2014

Design by Ian Metcalfe

Printed by Norfolk Central Printers

Introduction

This book is about the spirit of a commrrni-ty. You cannot build cornmunity on thecheap. Nor can you buy it. It grows out of peo-ple with shared roots, tasks and hopes.

A community needs a structure. It helpsgreatly if this is well planned. tsut this is notenouqh. It is like the skeleton of a person. Itrequires flesh and spirit.

True community is where people becornefree to be themseives, yet can relate to thevaried people who happen to live around. Itis a buffer zone between the helplessness ofthe individual and the heartlessness of socie-ty.

Britian's post-war housing developmentsare often blighted by a drab despair which attimes erupts into violence. "Why are youryoungsters so lack-lustre?", a head teacherwas asked in one of these places. "Becausethey have no identity" was his reply. Ncrhad they opportunity or hope. Ray Simpson

ORIOINAL JUNCTION

{*.

Bowthorpe, on the western outskirts ofNorwich, is Norwich City Council's bold at-tempt to answer this problem. It will com-prise three villages, each with its own centreand faciiities; and a blend of council andprivate housing in varied Norfoik-style ar-chitecture, free from through traffic. It will re-tain old, historic Bowthorpe at its heart. It isbeing observed by pianners and punditsfrom near and far. Will it succeed, andbrecome a signpost of hope to others?

'l-his book is a contribution to that end. It isabor-it the people of Bowthorpe and theirroots f rom the di.stant past to the presenttime. It drarvs frorn their experience thingsthat make or mar a community. The story istunfinished. We hope its telling will help writea worthy next chapter.

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A\au pue plo Jo l arn ar{a s,pJlq Eurtsa;alur ueaprnord suortder pue sqder8oloqd aqt pulJ

lllm nor{ adoq aM 'Eurpea.r ,iq paJoq ale nor{;1sDpDaa-uo\I ol alo^I

'dou aLlt uo adtot1tnog stnd rcqtnD aqJ

laupd I ra4nd f]runuuro) pailD) nDH V(( anr^Jns ]ouuef, u lsaJelul-Jlas uo paseq

JI lanol o] aJe altlr sn spuluar ,illunurLuoJ,,

',,r{poq auo }nq 's1;ed {ueru ,rn ,r"r',flt ?ffiauo r{1uo sem ll JI ,ipoq e aq lou plnom araqJ.,,

'AltuntuLuoJ spJDotoJ' ,,sao8a Jo uorsr IIoJ aJatu e saluo)aq le qI'aldoad Jo uorlf,alloJ e lou st,ilrunulLUoJ,,

It1fiu114 lsau,tg

.," ' ulq ralJe a^ll ]eql asoql ol pJ€MloJ pLIe

LUIq aroJaq asol{l ol l)eq qJeal leq} puP'uaLLIraqto of lno LIJear leq] sdrqsuollelar Jo qam e

ur so^rl lenpr^lpul aLIJ ipuelsl ue sl uel.u oN,,

aplng ufirsag adtotll(nofl ,,' uad-deq slql aletu ]ouuef, plJom aLIl Lr! HLrruur:1d

aql IIV 'sfiurpunouns anrlrprpe Lr! aJII Ilrqe anrl ueJ aldoad 000't t ollros^ araqm arelde pllnQ o] adtoqlmog ur uorlualur aL{l sl ll,,

autzDdDw auoH lDapl({ 'xlru pup }aau aldoad 1o sad,{t ltp Jtaqmareld p sr U'lllH ra^olJ le IIe le ]stxa tou saopsarlrl Etq Jo sqinqns ralno aql jo salels^a aQl

sdolanua uago os leql aJualts {1auo1 aqJ,,

Sut.tllPr.rlOl a\Pq iir-ilrapJ) r[];

'Utt -

o r\l puF

ladeq 1 ;

r1 erv

vr,-' .. . ' I l - -''' \

SAJJ R Oqt]'''l; r'-

Stree

Barnard RoadBeloe AvenueBrampton CouriBurnpstede Cou r:Cornwallis CloseCotterall (Cotter: .

Donchurch Clos.Goodhale RoadHowlett DriveHumbleyardLeyham CourtLushington Clc,s=

Noot Alley

Contents

Early timesAlocalsaint. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

The Norman ConquestThe Leyhams. . .

A new spiritSt. Michael's.RecessionRobert Kett rgbelsRoman Catholics resistA priest in disguiseA mini renewal . .

"The King of Bowthorpe"The Bacon FranksThe nineteenth centuryThe enterprising OverlandsThe hungry thirties

Bell School of LanguagesNorwich's Sale of the Century . . .

The modern development. . . . . .

Pioneers and mudA descendant of the Jernigens . . .

Working in BowthorpeSchoolHealthy CommunityChurchSportWarning signals. .

A way to goPhotosStreet IndexAcknowledgements

1

...3

.,.4..5

...6

...6

. .8

...8

...910

12

12

13

16

17

17

18

. .20

. .20

. .21

. .21

. .22

. .23

. .25

. .26

..30

..30

. .31

..33

..37

..38

z

==

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'o8e s;ea.,{ puesnoql JnoJ lnoqeadroqlmog ol a^rleu se ,{;rluapl 01 alqe uaaqaneq spedxa qJIqM 'sasse;E Qll,r,r pelllJ se/v\

t1 'asdtor aLIl Jo peaq aql repun pareld uaaqpeq qllqm punoJ sem xoq e ane,r8 raqloueul 'uos;ad lelol aluos Jo saqse paleruaJJaql paureluoJ peLI qJlqM urn perelloJP seM pulJ alqelou v 'llos-qns aql uo alqrsr^,i1rea1r paseaJap aql Jo s{rpru aQl qllm 'urJJoJ

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sorull ,tIJBg

A superb example of a classic 9th centurySaxon strap hook was found by Ron Barnesin 1979. It is a shield-shaped silver plate witha beaded border and a hole for the hook of astrap or belt. The shield is divided into threepanerls each containing an animal withspeckled body, square snout, and a bumpover the eye. He also found a silver sword-hilt mount. The decorations on this includeanimals with beaked heads, a characteristicof Saxon metalwork of this period. Ninth cen-tury pieces of such quality are rare in EastAnglia, and Bowthorpe has provided twonotable additions.

We may imagine in Bowthorpe a set-uptypical of the later Saxons. They grew cerealcrops, and reared cattle, sheep and pigs, butthe village community owned its arable andpasture land in common. Their skilled crafts-men would include the spinner, weaver,shoe-maker, carpenter and smith, and everyfamily would make utensils or ornaments ofwood, pottery or bone. They had a passionfor decoration and songs. The DomesdayBook informs us that Bowthorpe was ownedby a Saxon named Haken; ten families hadholdings at that time and there were threeserfs. Tracks and fords linked Bowthorpe tothe nearby villages of Bawburgh, Colney,and Earlham.

On Sundays it is likely they went to wor-ship either by foot to Costessey or by boat toBawburgh, then spelt Baber.

Saxon Villoge: First School children.

2

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paueu rauJpJ e ol JaJnoqel e sp IloM ue8aqeq '.,{e^ue saltu ua^as lnoqe 'LUeqJaAeJ

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lups luro-I vMki lEEe- -

The Norman Conquest

The Norman Conquest of 1066 changedthe face of Britain, and Bowthorpe was no ex-ception. [t became the property of the king,and was administered by a Norman namedGodric. The Domesday Survey, compiled forKing William I, in 1086, says that Bowthorpehad fourteen tax paying men at that time, as

well as their wives and children, and threeservants. Two plough teams worked theCrown land, and another two teams workedland belonging to tenants. One tenant rented10 acres of pasture for pigs; another rentedpasture for seven pigs and sixteen sheep.There were also two socmen with four acresof land; and a mill. Perhaps some of the Sax-ons were employed by their new owners;others may have moved into the city of Nor-wich, which did not yet have walls to keeppeople out.

The Norman elite lived in fine buildings likeNonvich Castle and Costessey Manor. Part oftoday's Bowthorpe was included in theCostessey estate, which the kings endowedto a succession of high-ranking lords. In-creasingly this became a hunting and spor-ting area for the Norman gentry, and forestreplaced pasture land. The section ofBowthorpe in Costessey Estate was owned bySir John de Clavering in 1314. An investiga-tion in 1480 declared that even the tenants ofthis estate were to enjoy the privileges of thisCrown Land, and were exempt from jury ser-vice.

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School drauing of Domesday Book.

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a8elll^ eqt ane8 s8ur>1 ueturoN aql Jo auo

srusqrta-I eql

A New SpiritA new spirit came to the village. It sprang

from both a material and a spiritual revivai.The symbol of this twin development was thebuilding of a church, which was consecratedin 1304. If what remains today is the full ex-tent of the original church, it was a simplebuilding, forty five feet by twenty one feet. Ithad no aisle, just an altar, an arched east win-dow and buttresses. However, an alternativesuggestion has been put forward by Neil Bat-cock, a teacher at the Middle School, whocompleted a project on the church for Nor-folk Archaeological Unit. He observed thatthe west wall is a blocking of a later date, andthat buttresses are only found at the east cor-ners of the church. Moreover, he noted that a1636 repair bili refers to a steeple but that thisdid not exist in the 18th century. He con-cludes that the original church was quitelarge, with steeple, n ave and ch ancel .

Perhaps a thatched, timbered farm housean early edition of Bowthorpe Hall wasbuilt nearby. There would have been a rec-tory and clay built homes for the shepherdsand their families.

St. Michael's

The church was dedicated to St. Michael andAll Angels. Why? Michael means "like God".The Bible depicts him as the protector of or-dinary people from all that harms body orsoul. A belief that he carries souls to God attheir death is captured in the Negro folksong, "Michael, row the boat ashore". [n1950 Pope Pious 12th named him the patronsaint of policemen. In the east he is looked onas a special guardian of the sick. An angel is aspiritual being with free will, full of goodwilland obedience to God. As the Archangel,Michael is the leader of the unseen forces ofgood. lf this seemed unreal to an oldergeneration, it speaks to young people grow-ing up in Bowthorpe today. Brought up onfilms like "The Exorcist" and on occultmagazines, some of them have sought pro-

tection against powers of evil that are onlytoo real. They can understand, too, how vi-sions of St. Michael on several mountains ledto chapels in his name being built on hillsand mountains all over Europe. Bowthorpe'sSt. Michael's is built on a hill that overlooksthe dusk and dangers of the river.

Rector Nicholas Riley was buried in themiddle of the church in 1470 before a statueof St. Michael, and a lamp was kept burningin front of the statue for six years. A sculptureof Bowthorpe houses enfolded in St.

Michael's Wing, behind his sheathed sword,was designed by Cecily Green for St.

Michael's Voluntary Aided Middle School at

Chapel Break.

At its opening St. Michael's church wasvalued at 52. The parish paid 4d in "PeterPence". This was the contribution eachparish in Christendom paid towards theupkeep of the papal headquarters in Rome. Itwas a sign that even so small a place asBowthorpe was part of something muchbigger, and bound by spiritual loyalties to awider world. This link was broken whenKing Henry VIII told the pope to get offEngland's back. It is being restored thiscentury and Bowthorpe's modernecumenical church seeks to open a door ontothe wider Christian world.

AWa

The words oi th = ichallenge to c ri :. :releases the sp ir':: :

tireiy fallen upcrr -.Mr. Barnard's .:.

home, should be r :

perience, resu 1l e :built in the cenir':master coppers:-.. .

village life unti. . =

A Fitzroy hon-.= : :

tally handicapp. -tyand deepeil tr: . .:

when it opens i: :" ."The Open D'- -'

style and buii<-: - .

Residents lvho '.', .: -

neighbours rati.::firms may do sc' ': :

at"TheOpenD--:Now, the sun ::=

area which n.ri, r:villages of Bo','. .

prevented the \., .- :area by the Ct:,, -

buildings have r:-welcomed sugges:. ,

iocal interest qrr, ,. :less tidy, gradua. :=could turn out l,: : :

for a variety of gr.-^::-

up for the benef it - : :

scheme the Cou:.-power Services P:.milking sheds in i,- - l

for rent.

Then, in March .

that Asset Re-Ci c. "

Council's permissr .

the area of the olc :::tion aims to invo.',

=

munity in re-o'cl::.;ticular the hani r: 'and the elderlrBowthorpe ward - -

pioneering exerciseideas about alterna:

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qtnos aql ul 'lelle s,apuoJ8 eJoJaq palJnqse/v\ aH 'qf,rMJoN JoJ luaLuellJed ut ssaEJnB

satul] earql pue ';o.dey1 'JJlreqs 'Jlllleg urnJ ulauereq eH 'll preqrrg Eur) ruorJ adroqlmogroJ asuarll aqt paseqr"rnd ueupas uellll4\

4lDA uDupas

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*

Decline

Over the next century both economic andspiritual recession set in. Wealthy sheepfarmers started to enclose their lands withfences and de-populate the lands of thosewho did not work on it. Over-productionbrought an end to the fleece boom, and thisreduced the numbers of shepherds required.Considerable de-population took placebefore 1488. The Enclosure Commissiondeliberately again de-populated Bowthorpein 1520. Wolsey's Enclosure Commission of157 7 reported that 66 acres had been enclos-ed at Bowthorpe, 44 acres of which had beenconverted to grain, and that two furtherhouses had become derelict.

Spiritual recession had set in to the Churchof England. The priests of St. Mary in theFields showed little involvement withwaning Bowthorpe. They deprived RectorNicholas Wolmer of his living in 1427. Afterhim, Rector Nicholas Heylet gave longservice, but his two successors, John Smithand John Wilton, both died after only twoyears, presumably because they were oldmen "put out to grass". The only otherresident known from this period is GeoffreyDavy, who left a will in 1471.

Some of the clergy received stipends forseveral "livings". The Rev. William Richerswas paid for the livings of Bowthorpe andBawburgh, where he was buried in 1520.Others failed even to maintain weeklyservices. Such a man was the absenteeRector of Bowthorpe from 1520, Sir AnthonyHogeson.

Soon the only landworkers left inBowthorpe were the servants sent from St.Maly in the Fields. The clergy there also nowfound it hard to make ends meet, and theprofits from Bowthorpe were too meagre tocover one stipend. So the Dean and Canonssigned an agreement with Richard Nix,Bishop of Norwich, to turn St. Michael's into achapel, and to invest the Rector's living intheir college. The Bishop agreed, butretained jurisdiction over the chapel. He alsorequired that they pay a chaplain to conductservices at St. Michael's and keep it in repair.

The agreement was never put into action.Henry VIII closed St. Mary's in the F'ields andall the monasteries in England in the early1540's. They had become centres of greed,and of power. He could not tolerateindependent centres who were ruled by aforeign pope. In 1544 St. Mary's great chapelwas destroyed, and Miles Spencer, the Dean,surrendered the college to the King.

Robert Kett Rebels

Bowthorpe was neglected. It was typical ofthe exploitation and of the vacllum that wasgrowing alarmingly in the country. Into thisvacuum ^stepped Robert Kett, ofWvmondham. In 1549 he gathered sixteenthousand peasants on Norwich's MouseholdHeath, where a famous battle took place.Under a large oak tree, still preserved besidethe A11 near Wymondh&ffi, he triedlandowners for robbing the poor. His menslaughtered 20,000 sheep as a protest againstthe landlords who had taken over commonland for their own sheep. Property acquiredin this way was given back to the public, andthe rebels lived upon the flocks and herds.

Local sheep bells.

ActivitiesAs more resic: "

had avoided i:.',

communities. I :

Some succeede: -

there were ove:' :

the Village Hai '." r -

all.

For three veali : '

Residents Ass,- t :

perienced per I :vice: Robert B--.:""Radlev. aided :'. - '

Forchildre:. :i:a Junior Clu: ',n--Ambulance .\c * '- :

deners to lad ie s . .

slim-in groups -.i'iToddlers to O','.: i :

in the F,'

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Gerard, landed secretly in Norfolk. Throughhis and others' influence the Waldegravesand .lerninghams came into a deep newspiritual experience. The Waldegraves' twoyounger sons both became priests on thecontinent.

For a time the Waldegraves moved intoBowthorpe Hall, and the Yaxleys returned toSuffolk. The Waldegraves followed thedevice of the Catholic gentry for avoiding thepenalty of not attending Church of EnglandServices. If their parish church was in ruins,they could not be imprisoned for notattending it. By the end of Elizabeth's reignEarlham, Costessey and Easton churcheshad been deliberately reduced to ruins.Bowthorpe most of all. A Certificate for theRuins of Churches in the NorfolkArchdeaconry for July 1602 states that forforty years Bowthorpe church had been usedas a barn, and the turret as a dovehouse. Thechurchyard was used for storing grain. Incontrast, Bowthorpe Hall had been greatlyimproved.

Church Centre, Waldegraue.

The Priest in Disguise

Henry Yaxley married the Waldegraves'daughter, Frances, and they moved back intoBowthorpe Hall. They had five daughters,three servants, and a "tutor" named Bullen.Who was he?

Later, when they had moved elsewhere, aspy reported to King Charles that theyharboured a priest under the alias of Mr.Smith. Was Mr. Bullen the same priest, oranother, in disguise? A Jesuit in the guise ofMr. Smith is believed to have stayed at theAnglican Community of Little Gidding, thefirst religious community to open since themonasteries were closed. Was there a linkbetween Gidding and Bowthorpe, andtherefore between the Church of Englandand the Roman Church all those years ago?Today there is a new Little GiddingCommunity, and links between them andBowthorpe are being forged again. Today,too, a Jesuit priest says mass each week inClover Hill's Church Centre, owned by theChurch of England. It is in the main street itsname is Waldegrave. Roman Catholics,Protestants and Anglicans in today'sBowthorpe are pledged to joint prayer andwork to create a just and loving society.

k p

ffi

Church leoders - . '- .

Church Counc:. :'' : :TheChurch -:: ;

and undenvrcr.: .l .

agreed that he s: . -

care to all. a:- .

also purchaset : i-Clover Hill, \',..: ' :several den,,:-.. .:

church mer t : i: -

"TheOpentr,,-: --From the ::.:", -

re-discover tlc ::=.closeness to C:1.. .

Christians. The:=members shar= - --practical prcb .::- )

gathers in tt', ,- s : :met for pra\ er :. -'8.00 a.m. soc':. r:'. :was a rock-s,-..: '-bread took piac: -

celebration of i-i - . -

emotional anc I :, . -

ed. Service, tc :. - ::tempted.

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A Mini Renewal

A new spirit did come to Bowthorpe, andfor about a century there were signs ofrevived life. The church was re-opened in1639, and monthly services were held. It wasserved by a curate or chaplain without abreak. The parish was now included in thedeanery of Humbleyard, and in 1664 thediocese arranged a formal visitation. Arablefarming had replaced sheep farming, so

there were probably more landworkers for atime. And some interesting, community-minded people moved into Bowthorpe Hall,Sir Robert and Dame Dorothy Yallop.

"The King of Bowthorpe"A Norfolk man, Sir Robert Yallop, became

"the squire" in 1660, and there is a theorythis was a reward for his help in defeatingintrigue against Henry Yaxley. One devicethe Roman Catholics used to get round thelaw was to transfer their estates to relativeswho were loyal to the English crown, with anunwritten agreement that they would revertto themselves in due course. The Yaxleysmade over Bowthorpe, and at least one otherestate in' Yorkshire, to local relatives, theBrowns of Colney, and removed to YaxleyHall. It seems Mr. Brown tried to violate thattrust. Sir Robert, who was married to thedaughter of a top financial expert, used hisinfluence to get back these estates for hisfriends, and Mr. Yaxley rewarded him bygiving him Bowthorpe.

The Yallops re-built Bowthorpe Hall into a

manor house much as it is today. The eastfacade was re-constructed with bricks madewhere the Norfolk Show Ground at Costesseynow is. Sash windows in the Queen Ann stylewere fitted. Above the east main door is a

carved mason ry frieze from the same sourceas the Bawburgh Slipper Chapel which theJerninghams re-erected in 1634. In 1635 theyhad a fine silver chalice and patten cast foruse at Holv Communion.

The engraver of Sir Robert's tombstone in1 705 failed to get the last two letters of theword "knight" on to the stone. Theremaining letters, slightly re-arranged, formthe word "King", and ever since the localshave nicknamed him "the king ofBowthorpe".

Dame Dorothy, his wife, had qualities thatwere truly queenly. The memorial stone tohis eighty four year old widow tells of "a ladyno less adorned with the endowments ofnature than of virtue she in whomcompassion, and charity to the distressed,shined so bright .

"King" of Bowthorpe.

The kindness of Robert and Dorothy toothers shone through their own suffering.Three of their children, Robert, Henry andDorothy, died before they were ten years old.The notable history of Norfolk written in1739 by Francis Blomefield describes theblack marble slab they put in the chancel tocover the children's graves. Charles was theironly child to survive.

Blomefield also describes the arms of threefamilies which they put in the east window ofthe church. These were of the Yallops, theGiles (the family of Robert's mother) and theSpelmans (the family of Dorothy's father).

They Bui

They built a si. . .

For all the \r''-: : : i

And even'olle',.,. - .. --way:What sort of a s.. . -

They placed us *. :Whom arrgels ir-', . .

You'll find his c :. .,:With a lookou: :'" n:-

When the figh: )

wrong,St. Michael 1e::.To help us gei r. -The world thai C -You must learr. :

Who is St. \licla= .And this is the s..St. Michael she:. - ::They built a sc: .

For more thar^ '. - .

So its up to us :. :

What sort of a s:: -

This carol ir'as ',^, : "Michael's V.A )'1 * - .,

on 24 Septernb'e: . ,

Pratt Green. n'h,- .. , :a hymn for the Q -.: -

in St. Paul's Ca::.: ,: i

12

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'r{epo1

leatls ]eatus Jo sluaprsal aql ol aq lsnu 1l se

'{1ruey slq Jo Jarlar aq} ot ssallqnop se^ slqJ'raltal lsel aq1 pa8ueql .{lld s,JslploJar aql lo{1ruen umo stt{ JaLIlla lnq ',,JeaLuS,, {llenlJesel aueulns s,uetu slt{J 'aleJnf, se leausauu'{1 '^aU palurodde lalel lea{ e pue '8t/ Iur qseN 'rN e ol ]l paseal ueullads premp3

pue arersa aqr ro ,H}'ff^"ti11ti:Ti

'JanaMor{ 'ilaMas 'ly\ :aI.Ur} slql }e qJJnqJpue ,{;olra; aLIi o} sJrsrn leJaAas pa8uer"re'uouueJ uaqou'ro'{loJJoN Jo uoJeap-t{JrV aqJ 'uor}rsodslp ueaLu leq^Aar.uos

Jo ueu e 'lla/v\as aJalS 'lt\ ol alelsa aqtpaseal aq zlLI ul pue 'ad;oq]/v\o8 }e pa^ll{1preq aq ',{1ureya3 'aJeqmasla eJeM sloorslq ]lal aq u8rs e sem slq] sdeqra6 'ueuleds'alueu s,Jar{lotupueJ8 slq o] pauanal 'a}elsaaql paluaqul or{M 'prempg uospuer8 tlaLIJ

The Bacon Franks

A Mr. Foxhall leased the manor for a yearin 1750, and Robert Jones the year after that.In 1751 the Frank family of Campsall Hall,Yorkshire, purchased Bowthorpe andEarlham Halls, and estates, and much ofLittle Melton. They asked Rev. RobertStylman to be curate of Bowthorpe in 1763.Stephen Buckle, who followed him, wasnever licensed. The Frank.s'son Francismarried the sister of Norwich's M.P., EdwardBacon, and their son, who used the nameBacon Frank, became High Sheriff ofNorwich in 177 7, and inherited Bowthorpe.

The Bacons were friends and associates ofthe famous Gurney family, who were pro-minent in social and political reform, andwho established Gurneys (later Barclays)

Bank. They leased Earlham Hall to theGurneys, who no doubt came over toBowthorpe when the Bacons were inresidence. Lushington Close, in Clover Hill,is named after one of Joseph Gurney'sassociates in their struggle to end slavery.John Gurney of Earlham was the father ofElizabeth Fry, the prison reformer. TheQuaker movement in Norwich, and theirMeeting House in Goat Lane, owe much tothis family.

The influence of Quakers, through friendsin Bowthorpe, continues today. They heipsponsor the Bowthorpe Ecumenical Project.One of the Norwich Friends, Peter Codling,designed the "Open Door" Church Centre,and a Quaker Meeting has been held there.

Sch

Clover Hill F :'September 19;; -

were just three - ,"beginning of 1 9Sl

=

staff of 22 teache:..assistants, not t,- t-

cleaning staff

Mrs. Phil Sr-established the <:

a letter to the I , r'

February 1981 i-: :

school and the ,-

tember 1977. r, i :children who \r €r:very first babr' '.'. --

child will joir

September \\': :r:some of our ci.. - ,

or grandpare. .: iingredient oi :.-.country villaq=

'\\'ide 1:-_able for our' .: . -have expanc: -groups, Cu bs : - -

junior brancl :

meets reglrlar.'. ,' '- -

opportunities:club,ilaiore::e: r -

andholida) p ,.- --All of these a.:,willing to gii'e : ^: ' .

commun itr'."Th e sc:

enthusiastic s,,.: :residents. T: = -- ,

Sheltered Ho'.. i. : =

our functions a* r -..versing with th. : ,

from school."We find our I .-.i:

to give a helpir;the school rvh.:-:. 'example, neigh: -'-than willing to l:-.:parentshappen:- -=

flourishing schc -Inside "The Open Door".

14

gI

'908 rur IIIA\ e Uet UIIII^A ',,,ft1adeqJ adroql^\o8eql Jo ;ardnrro alos aql pue uapte6 1adeq3

}-''-*tl'',#t **'"rc

.Z6LI

ur pasdellot slql roJ 'll uo Joor e qllm t{Jrnqle aleq ol ueu{Eralr leJol }sel aql osle semaH '8/61 1ltun adroqlmog ut ueul.,{E;a1t aul}-llnJ lsPI aq] sPM aq os 'tuPqlre3 Jo ]eqt q]l/\\paurquol se^A Eurnrl adtoquv\o8 aq] 68/ Iul ',,ueueua8exas aLIJ,, Sp saIJJIJ .dre.ra1r1

ul{ll/v\ qdasol,, :peu8rs seM '108 I 'rilnf 9z;o'adroQUvrog pepnlJul lwou qtlq,,r,r 'rfuaueaqueq8urg aq] ut seqJJnq) ol uotlradsuts, uoJeapqrrv aql JoJ luaualels v

'asoD uotEulUSn-I

ur uMou{ se^ aH 'ueqlJe3 le a}ernf, uaqipue IooriJS Jer.urueJD qlrMJoN le JaL{Jeol

]uelsrsse ue uaaq ,,{lsnorna"rd peq aolag'tB/ I ul eoleg tuellll1\ Jo ]eHl ']uauluroddeIeJrJalJ ]xau rraq] ioJ rolJeu Jo snlels aL{]

Eurqsrlqelsa-al ur papaaJf,ns suoJefi aqJ

rF**r&

*-:-I-ittas=ii_*is' 5*.' !*. *"

5#.**: :lr--*, Lcfu"

The Nineteenth CenturyAlthough the Franks were not

permanently in residence, they developedthe estate, and through the 1gth century itprogressed into a farming and sporting area.A few workers cottages and an extensiverange of farm buildings were built near theHall in the prosperous period after theNapoleonic wars" A blacksmith's and a

wheelwright's were established immediatelysouth of St. Michael's, with a stocks betweenthem. By the mid-century there were fivecottages and over thirty residents. Thesewent to school and church at Earlham.

John Howlett became the tenant farmer of100 acres in 1836, and his family enjoyed a

friendly relationship with Bowthorpe fortwenty eight years. It is said the Bowthorpechalice was taken to hirn for safe keeping andthat many of his family were buried in thechurchyard.

Mrs. C. Frank out-lived her husband,Frederick, and it was she who appointedGeorge Cotterill in 1839, and John Payne , &decade later, &s clergy with the care of bothEarlham and Bowthorpe.

Letters written by F. Bacon Frank fromCampsall Hall in 1872 offe,r to pay for repairsto the toll house at Earlham, give a subscrip-tion to the Bawburgh National School, andconfirm that the Earlham National Schoolwas designed to accommodate Bowthorpechildren. Another letter offered to erect afence around the consecrated ground onceJoseph Rinder, who wa.s the new tenantfarmer, had settled in. "l am glad to knowyou think you shall like Mr. Rinder" hewrote.

Towards the end of the century a largebarn was built south of the Hall, with clampirons in the shape of latin crosses. Thissuggests it may have been on the site of anearlier tithe barn. Norwich City Councilintends to conserve this fine building and putit to multi-purpose use. A cottage adjoiningthe walled kitchen garden of Bowthorpe Hallwas also br-rilt. About that time, too, a row ofsix cottages was erected at the Earlham

Green Lane boundary for workers on thefarm. Close to them, until well into the 2Othcentury, stood a large shed which housedtwo massive steam powered ploughingengines, operated and maintained by thecottagers.The estate was divided into a series of fields.(See page 34).

The barns.

The six cottages were on Cottage Field.Suffolk mares and foals were bred, and overone hundred cattle grazedon Norwich Break,Clover Hill and Muckleys. Today's CloverHill village centre is on what was NorwichBreak. The hill where Sainsburv's nowstands was Muckleys.

tsowthorpe had its first Canon of NorwichCathedral in 1889, when William Ripley wasappointed to the joint living. Four years laterthese two livings were combined with a third,Colney, and Rev. Thomas Temple Browngave spiritual care to all three villages.

A tvpical . - -. :", '' -

lanes lead ir. .

includes ia:'people. ai. I .

bLrngalo\r.. I =

alreadr,'erisls ,. -

\,liss \larqa:': -

I\'lercurv in l -- -

for a fiat rr i::. -

sh e \\'as o if e :'= -r,r'ith onlr a i ='from the ei.' . - '

happilv se:: =

ninetr--f ii e rl -

Pioneers

The firsl r:-minus rnr-)s: -- . -

band. Trr.r' "

Graham Bi.: :

opened theformed&tr:- '

first parent .t-. -. --the first ch. r r-

Association -

found the Cr-. I -for its BLrtclr.t :- -

free to eve:".

The frrst ::bl' \\'ilcoii ,-:', -Chris \ ich, \on site. fi':': : - ,

Hall uhict. - -

Later he p,r:-r :-* -

Clover F{ii. r -

A).outhc -: -:-Peter Bales l,1. - ,

They helpe J i= .:

ment fund c:i :. = :'ed the iirst ::ingben'rno\€-.-in order tc i=communitr l= -:and later th= : :.Managerner.: - - -the schoo. -:

- -

16

LI

rnoj aqJ, 'sr{ep pJeq aJa^A ,{aqJ 'ele auo oulnq tda{ auor{rane qJIr-lAA ,,sluerg qsrualC,,palleJ slrqqer eqt pue 'Euruana ,{epunge uo Eurllsrqm sJallo aq] '.,{au1o3 ol JaArJ

eqt ralo a8puq aqt sllerar suo1A ratle6

'sqEnold aqt ^

arp qrlqm saurEua uor]-rerl aq] a^orp 'p"ro;EulllnJ 'ry\ 'rnoqLIErauslH 'ueqt Jo auo ur pa^ll 'sarJv parpunHaqJ uo s8rd lda>l oq^\ 'ralmo3 arlrod'sa8ellor plo IeJaAas aralA 'auel q8tnq,r,reg

le JaAu aql Jeau 'qsJeLu aql le uA oc' sloJJe) pauealf,-au r qJer.u

tsrlJ rraqt qtl^\ sre>letu tuel aql patlddnspue '{assalsoJ plo le aurqJeu Eurqsem-JoJreJ e pasr^ap aH 'lllH ra^olJ Jo sarJe uoslorreJ 1nq EurHlou mar8 asaql Jo auo 'puel

Jreql do;r ol panulluoJ sJar.r-rJpJ lueuet aleJs-lleus /\\aJ v 'daaqs "rraql qllM uMop arueJ'slJr^Auag aQl pue suaslo aql 'sarlrueJ sloJsoMJ 'sasJoq Eurpaarq pue daaqs ,iq pazet?'sser8 Jo eas e arueJeq alelsa aql Jo qJnN

saIl.rFII A.rEunH eql'sarurr{1, .d;Eunq

aQt Eulrnp ]eolJe peureruar adroq]^\og teq]seAA ll oS ',,000.0SS ;no.,{ s,aJoH 'stuJeJ lnoqeEurquiue Mou1 l,uop I ]n8,, :IJeq ulLI palleJ

"ra8eue61 lueg aqJ 'puelra^O IIIg pauotal',,afq-pooD'tuaql unJ pue suteJ riru IIe

ol spaep aqt a^eq ueJ no1 'lt{Elr IlV,, 'pasnJar

,{1teg se/v\ pue 'eu!l }eql le elqelutt{lunse/v\ slqJ ']unoue srql JoJ ueol e loJ ra8euenl

{ue8 }JolsaMo'l sll-l pa{se pue 'leolJe

sasr;dretue slq IIe daa>1 o] 000'0gS papaaueq 'uorssaJar s,0t6 I aql Jo atpplru eql ul

'puelrelo 'JIA ueq] Eutsudraluassal eq ol panord uos;ed eqJ,,'paJooJsem aJuo ]eql areds aq] luaJap aletu pue' ' ' pJeriqunqJ aql dn uealJ os pue 'sJappelpual o] Japlrnq e pue 'suotlerado lJaJIp ol slq

Jo puauJ lrallqf,te atuos qll/!\ alaql LUlq Jaaluol spualrJ palpoq alqe srq Eur{se 's,,{ep;n1eg

an rssaJJns uo satued rturtd alnltlsulplnoqs uosled aqJ,, :oallnuruoJ ,{.rosrnpyuesaJorq agl ol uotlsa88ns slqt ]uas pue'asaJorc aql;o ]eQl lnq 'r{}radord stq }ou seM

]l ]pt{} 'lenamoq 'pa11ods ,iaqJ 'ple,,iqunqlpup r{rrnqr plo aql ano;drut dlaq ol s8ur-plln8 ]ualJUV Jo uollJalord aql roJ zilatroSaql palse aq ralel ;ea{ V 'lleH aqt ut srauenbEurnrl uaql ane8 pue ' I tG I ul ualolreJle"raua8 pue raltnq se suo1A ralle6 'srl4

pue 'JN parioidua aH 'taal slq rapun ,r,ra;E

sser8 ou pue s,0t6 t aq] ur IIeH adtoqtmog

;o a8,reqJ loo] aH 'ueu ssautsnq a^tssatEEe'alqe ue panord 'uoslaN uos s,lllg

'aAII ol aueJJalel rorJd sar.uef ralsrurN Jual.uuJa^oD a^!]-enJesuoJ araql 'lieH uoldtuelg seAA qJIq/\\

_]s8uoue 'au!l slql le sureJ lat-{}o IeJaAaspaseqr,rnd riaqJ']q8utno tl paseqr;nd{aqt 0t6 I aunf g aqt uo pue 'IUetC,fte6 urorJ ad,roql/!\og paspal {.,{t Je^

aqt EulrnCI 'arleeqJ axn'l aC aqt pue eulaurJlauprurieH aq] pauado ,iaqt LlJrMroNul 'aJueJc ur z{ro1re; luarual e pue erl8uytseg ur stuJeJ llnJJ pa,ttnbre pue ',,{uedtuo3Eurperl puelre^O aqt paruroy ,,{1tueJ aqt Josraqtuatu raqlo pue aH ',,{auou Jo }ol e apetupue 'reAA ppo6 lsrlJ aqt Eur;np slunoul-ar,{1ddns oJ saJloC 'ru'H qll^ slJer}uot paureE

aH 'uaq] Jo auo spm Eurleap asroH 'sleap

ssaulsnq loJ Jf,ullsul ue peq aH ',,asnoH lelcl,,peller qnd e 1da1 puelra^O IIIS paueu ueue 'qJaqsl6 'erlEuy lseg ;o ped raqloue ul

spuslra^oEulsledralug eql

aql J,- . - .- ..-

pue if: _

aql tt...sr a.ra _ -

sl ptlE r - --" -

SI L{Jll-,',' :;.-:-SSl,lJ --'-- - -.'JeJ e-- ;-:a lr.ir lc = _Sal nSsf .i -aql J,-, \

aUOH ':-:

=: . - "

JOa)alC.;;-::- - - '

SI Mal.\ :'- '

-r{Jloll .i'.;-, -,: --lsol\ I._:; '.qrlnc l'?.;;-ur a.\eu . --u8rsagau' ---Jes auo .i -;-ratul pln : .,' i: --

IIJUnOJ'1.:" . - ..

olul palP.i:=-paslllln-;.; -..e 'sqo[ , ,, .

ue'Iloj.i .. --.-lpauEIsJp''alJua) i,. - "

-JanO :--= -

,illu n LU '*-

',bu1o3 lD nolt aqJ

cottagers near the Hall had toilets at the endof their gardens. The stick mothers pokedtheir washing with on Mondays were alsoused to punish their children. Mr. Pain wasthe gardener. The blacksmith and thewheelwright, says Mr. Worts, were "two ofthe most miserable men Iever met.Everybody knew each other. It could be a bitinconvenient at times. They knew a bit toomuch." However, their difficulties "broughtout the community spirit we needed tosu rvive. "

The rather drab routine was puncturedfrom time to time by local dramas. One day amember of the Barclay family, who lived atColney Hall, was mauled to death by one ofthe lions which were kept in nearby cages.

Nelson Overland's cousin, Jim Harvey,whose son now owns Harvey's Nurseries ofNorwich, came to live at the Hall shortly afterhe did. His son recalls rising at 5.00a.rn. tosaddle the Suffolk punches for the harvestsbefore the recession bit deep. He workedfrom dawn to dusk, and received a mere 55for the season's work. Later, Jim Harveystarted a chicken farm on the e.state, andpioneered a system to give them artificiallight.

The Hall was leased to Captain deHaviland from 1936 until the Munich scaretwo years later. Then it was renovated andcentral heating was installed. NelsonOverland moved in, and in the early waryears he was a familiar figure, oftenaccompanied by his wife's secretary and twolabradors.

When war broke out the Governmentissued Ploughing-up regulations to ensurethere was enough food, and during the warthirty people, one of whom was one-eyedRonny Brooks, worked to turn theBowthorpe fields into arable plenty. The wareffort required iron as well as food. Here,Bowthorpe was less helpful. The wroughtiron gates, which had originally come fromKensington Palace, were hidden so theycould not be taken for ammunition.

Nelson Overland died just before Christ-mas, 1943. His son, Roy, had a flair formarketing. He joined the staff of Sainsbury'sbefore the Second World War and beforelong became a director. He often visited ltaly.There, amidst lush tomato fields, he had anidea. The idea was to put the tomatoes intotins and market them through Sainsbury's.That was how Roy's first million pounds wasmade. Do those same visits to ltaly and thatsame flair explain why one of the main cropsgrown in Bowthorpe during the war wasgarlic, harvested just when thousands ofgarlic-loving Italians were brought toEngland as prisoners?

The Overland Trust acquired major assetsin Jersey, and after the war Roy Overland'svisits to Bowthorpe grew less frequent. TheHall was leased to the RAF for seven years.Douglas "Tin Legs" Bader was one of thosewho stayed there. In 1964 the farm wasleased to Captain Thorndick-Dawson ofCostessey Hall, whose son retained part ofthe tenancy for the first four years of the newdevelopment. Sporting rights were grantedto Mr. W. J. Leist at S80 per year.

The Bell School

A bright development began in 1966. TheBell School of Languages leased BowthorpeHall, as an experiment, for a summer school.Foreign students, paid for by their families,governments, banks or airlines, came toimprove their English. The first two summerschools were so successful that the BellEducational Trust purchased the Hall, itsgardens, cottage and five acres of land toprovide a permanent school. The trustreflected the caring, inventive spirit of itsfounder, Frank E. Bell of Cambridge. Thissuccess in Bowthorpe led it to purchase otherpremises in Bath, and later in Norwich.Students from Communist, Muslim, ThirdWorld and Western countries poured in.

Even il,:. - -.diplorna:. :

eight)'nr.. .'Hall It:.'',Ovefseas i, -. -:- -r

The top .

into a spac. .-high ler.e : -

new dininq tand has & Si:i: '

the Adm in i. :'

croquet. tal-.=':ranqe of ol::: ,

link with the : =:"'was deyelc,i r lcourses lii'e -families in \.:-,'

ffi#itu;'ff:;i"

#f'=orilFrj .ljt*+; !!€3,c a

r.i"*' . *"

18

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6I'looq)s ilag't Ir I tl ur

p ilq:-q)l \\.i '.

.i3qlr- l"r,s] Lll- r _=:

Sll Jt . ; .- -

lSil.il = -ol pL:i . ---

sll , tl:.

ilag a -- -

]ALU LLJ I-.:

oi eu[_ -=.'SalllU.'; .,- -.

'looQJs.;=--. ..

adioql.\'\a:::- -

aql 990 , -- .-. :

Ioor{rs

peluer8 a.ia;=- :Mau aq] lo s.i; _

Jo Ued pauil,. ,

JO UOSA\eC-! _ :seM LUI€J a -. ;esoql Jo aUo :: '"

'SJeaA UO.\J: .. . - :aqJ 'luanba.i; )r:s,puelJa^o .i, :slasse ;o[eLU F;;

ol lQ8nolq ': , -JO SpUPSnOLIj -. : .

seM JeM aL{l : .

sdo"n ureLu oQ. . -]eq] pue

^lell - . -- -

seMspunodu:,'s,.,ftnqsures q:'olul soolellrol _ _".

ue peq aq 'sp'r -

''{lett patlsl.\ Li:.:aJoJeq pue lL-':'. :

s,{;nqsules J. ,,, .-roJ rlelJ e p€ _-

-]sUI-lJ aroJac -:'

'suorlJunJ leJol o] suorlel!^ul pue'sJuapnJs r{q s.,{auns-asnoq-ol-asnoq'sJnolpaprnE 'sarpel-puel adloqtmog q8norqlparalsoJ uaaq a^eLI sdrqsuorlelar 'paldoaduaaq a^eq splalJ EurpunoJJns aurl-auoaql arurs'slooq)s q8tq IIoJ uer^eurpuersal{l Jo saurl aqt 8uo1e sarpn}s leuorleuJalur JosasJnoJ ul sluapnls u8ratoJ se IIaM se LISrluB

Eurnlonur Jo sadoq Eunron uaaq ,ipeatlepeq ledDuud su 'pueq tsrlJ le aJIt ,ittunurrrorLISrluB MoLr{ ol la8 ol sluapn}s rrall}JoJ /ilunyoddo ue se srql peruoJlam IoorlJSIIaB eql'paf,unouue alaM luaI.Udola^apadroqt^\og

^^au aqt roJ sueld UaLIA

'qJr^ roN ul uo pa^els sluapnlsaq] Jo ar.uos'sauluno),slsanE Jraql ol

IJeq pallAul aJaA ouos pue 'Uosoa'l 'Jy\ ,{q

palJalas ,i{11n1arer aJaM r.{)rl roN ur sarlrtueJ

]soH 'eJeql aJuaprser ur pa^ll sasJnoJureuaf, uo sluapnls pue'padola^ep seM

erl8uv ]seg Jo {}rsra^run ,,{q"reau aql q}$ >lull

V 'pa8ue"r,re arom sarlrlrlJe raqlo Jo a8ue,i

apll\ e pue qsenbs'sruual atqel'lanborJ'sruue] 'uoseol ,{uo1 'JN 'ro}eJlsrurrilpv aq}rapufl 'pappe se^A pua auo le a8els e seq pueparpunq o/vu sleas qJIq^A IIeq Eururp Mau

v 'af,e1d a1e1 osle plnoJ uorssnrsrp la^al q8lq

aJaqM 'LuooJ aJnsral Enus lnq snoDeds e olurpauroJsuert se^ IIeH aql Jo roolJ do1 aq1

'sluapnJS seasranoqll^A deu aq] uo qrrMroN lnd ]l 'lleHadroqlmog o] auoJ peLI salllleuorleu {tq8ra'sJea.,{ ua} JaIJV 'atue) eulqJ r.uoJJ sleuoldrppue sraqJeal'slslleuJnof Eurpualur ua^3

Norwich's Sale of theCentury

One day in the depths of war-time, anopen-mouthed Mr. Worts listened inastonishment to his employer: 'The day willcome when these fields will be covered withpeople and with houses, shops and evenindustry." Thirty years later that prophecybegan to come true. To some it seemed likedeath and resurrection; to those in the knowit was less surprising. Even in the 1930'sNelson Overland had sold two small sites tobreweries, in order to give them a footholdwhen housing eventually came. In 1968 theBoundaries Commission, acceptingNorwich's future housing needs, extendedthe city's boundaries to include Bowthorpe.By 1970 Overland knew it was financially agood time to sell his land, but he feared theCity Councii might delay purchase untilprices had passed their peak. He formed a

consortium of property developers who werewilling to purchase and develop Bowthorpe.The City Council acted promptly. Early in1973 they purchased virtually all ofBowthorpe for SgVz million. If they hadwaited longer, the price would have beenlower. As it is, Clover Hill residents pay theprice in the high density of the housing.Norwich ratepayers were expectingBowthorpe to add 4.5p to their 1983 rates as

the price of Overland's sale of the century.

The Modern Development

Norwich City Council set up a BowthorpeDevelopment Committee, (which soonbecame one of the main committees of thecouncil) and a Bowthorpe Project Team. ByFebruary I 97 4 a Master Plan was approved.

There were to be three villages, CloverHill, Chapel Break, and Three Score, eachwith a population of 4,500. Each was to haveits own identity and village centre, withfacilities such as village hall, green,pub,shops and first school. Building work was tobe phased, and in Clover Hill, the first village,building proceeded outwards from the

centre, with doctors and a communityworker installed before problems over-whelmed people. A main shopping centre,revolving around the tastefully designedSainsbury's store, the biggest in Norfolk, anernployment area to provide 4,000 jobs, asports park and pavilion, and the re-utilisedold farm buildings, were to be integrated intoan overall design.

A unique feature was that private, counciland Housing Association homes would inter-mingle. Bowthorpe was "not for any one sec-tion of society but for everyone". The DesignGuide intended each house to have in-dividuality, yet retained an overall Dutchstyle of architecture typical of Norfolk. "Most-ly the houses are set in a neighbourly hotch-potch of angles and levels . The view isnever boring; the lay-out is a masterpiece ofviltage planning" stated Ideal HomeMagazine.

The planners were conscious of theenvironment, although economic pressureslimited what they could achieve. The bicycleand bus were intended to dominate the car.Cycle ways, walkways and tree belts criss-cross the high denisty housing area, which isalso dotted with children's play areas, and isfree from through traffic. Initially there isonly one access road to the city (onto thealready congested A47 Dereham Road), anda circular road round the perimeter of thevillage reduces car interference.

The Bowthorpe Committee, chaired from1980 by Councillor Ralph Roe, and the Pro-ject Team, led first by Mr. A. J. ("Barney")Barnard, and then by Mr. Jack Haggar, havebeen painstaking in their efforts. Teammembers such as Chief Planner Stuart Orrintook note of residents' feeling in their subse-quent planning. A case study of aspects of theplanning of Bowthorpe has been publishedby the Centre of East Anglian Studies. *

*See acknowledgements on last page.

The EntrOver

In anr-,i.-.:: -

man tl&ll .: . :"Diai H' '- -* - - -

deals. fJ, ,r -: .

gained c,-)t .i : ---re-mouttt< ...t :made a l, 'l 'of the ian ,. '. -

Companr' -:.. lAnglia an i .. ..Nonvich :: *'.Cinema an: : -war ther : --Frank. an.pu rch ased

several oth=: ''which \\'as El. - '

tive Goven r-: "came to iive

Bill's sc):. \-aggressr\-e l-.- ---Bowthorpe t. .gre\,\'under'. - --M rs. V\.alt e r '...

factotem ii-. '--.-quarterS In i.,:Societv for .r: :ings to hel: -'-'churchvard . -:was noi his ::" '- ."'and sent l:. - - :-Advison. C

institute :.: -

Saturdavs. zi:.. =

meet him tl:::his to direct - =

ladders. ait,l \and make ,i= - = '

roofed. " T: =

enterprrsriri ..-- I

In the m: : -.=needed 55afloat. an. .:----Manager ic,t' . :

unthinkabie.'refused. .\. :' - - '

20

IZ

'r{ltunutuoJ aqlur Eurllsln pue Eutrer 'r{}rlelrdsoq '.ra,,{eid "ro;

1eem qJee aptse aull slas eqs 'aJII ,,fteutprour urerual {tqt allq/\\ aldoad sutelsnsrapro slqJ 'sr)uerc 'ls Jo repro ptlqJaqt ut dmon {ool pue 'qo[ ault-llnJ raq dnane8 aqs 'uotJef,on Jaq punoJ aqs 'osle elaH'salqel [e]o[ paret8 aJuo peq 'sueq8ulurafaql 'sJolsaJue laq leql punoJ eqs 'aJeq aJuo'sloor raq JanoJSIp-aJ ol adroHlntog o] arueJ

aqs 'eJIJJo ueqEultuJlq e ul s;ea.,{ ,{luamlroJ pa{lo/v\ peq 'pJe^alql-unH Jo }JIrlslcleql ul uJoq Se/v\ ot-lM'xoC eJeqJeg'sr{ep,{1tea asoq} ut ad;oq}/v\og ol sluaplsal larnbuana Metp ol pauaas lf,ullsul daap atuos

sruBtIEuIuraraql Jo luepuersoc v

'saxog qlunl peloo)'trno) ilDnuoJ

-auoq asrue8ro pedlaq pue 'looqJs aqlle pelsrsse ,,iarpny 'aallruruoJ luaua8erreNIIeH e8e11r1 e Jo uerurreqr lslJ er{l ratel pue'JeJnseeJJ qJJnqr atueJaq eH ',,{lrunutuoJ

Meu e Eurplrnq ur pallonur ]eE ol Japlo ulpeoJ aql umop alrtu auo,{1uo panotu ,,uaqEur-ttoH ,,iatpny pue prer.{rru 'eleJ lsrlJ aqt pe-srue8;o uenls pue 'punor8 r,{l JJo punJ }uatu-do1a.,raq erlual qlno1 e la8 padlaq ,iaqJ'sroqlo pue anq8nouoq,O I)lN 'seleg talad'ueeqPJ uenls r{q pauels seM qnlr gtnori v

'Jlesult{ roJ aLuoq IIIH le^olJe ]llnq pue puel 1o 1o1d e paseqund aq rate'I'leadde ,ipeals peuteluleu seq qrlqm IIeHa8elll1 aq] ul qnlt atele) e paturoJ 'alls uo;aluadJeJ e se paIJoM oql 'uosloqJlN stJL{J'suosloqllN aq] eJa,r,r sradola^ap uor1r16 ,,{q

lllnq euoq e olut anou o1 {1rueJ }sllJ aqJ'ouoq AJaAa ol aalJ

peJa^rlap se^A slt{l 'sa4o[ anbsa;aqJ]ng slt JoJ

paloN 'ra]]alsMaN slr pelrpa 'vuHJ eql punoJo1 padiaq osle oqm 'Jaqf,]ng LUIf 'uolletJossv

,sluaprsau IIIH ra^olJ Jo ueruileqf, lsrlJ aqlpue 'looqJs lsJlC aqt lo ;a8euetu Juared lstt;aq] aueJeq aH 's,,ioq laded Jo ueal e paulloJpue 'stua8esmeu

IllH ra^olJ aql pauadouer{er3 'raL{Jln8 Lulf pue uoun8 LUeqerSaraM slueual IIJunoJ lslrj aq] Jo oMI 'pueq

snoJntuanpe ue eJaM 'sdoqs ]sou snutut'pnru Eurlunor.uJns'sluaplsel lsllJ aqJ

pnru puu sroeuold

,,'ples aqs,ant;-,,(1oulgue I lltun pte.,{1,rnor slql ur alllas ,{lrddeqplnoJ [, 'aJaq] Eurnrl lo luotu,,{olua aLI] tuoJJ

lJeJlap lou plp slr{l 'sJooJ Jo ^^er^

e ,iiuo qlrMad;oql/\\og'ur JelJ II)unot e paJaJJo sem aqsuaqA 'Meln e pue qepueJeA e qll/\\ leiJ e JoJ

Eullool se^A aqs q8noq1,, 'GLGt ul ,{;nuatr41

qJr^AJoN eq] alotM',,qslc 1a,re8rel^I sslNse q)ns sluaplsal ,iq ]no uJoq sl slslxa dpea"rle

leq] Eurlaa; ,{lrunuruof, aqL, 'Mole8unq

s, uos;ad padderlpueq e pue 'aldoadal8urs JoJ slelJ'sauoq ,,i1tue; sapnlJUI

]l 'UnoJ llelalloJ sl'll o] Eurpeal sauelEurpurrr,r 'A oJJeu qllm pter{pnof, lertdril y

.^-.],-... \rJl-1L-

uMor8 a Ic --. :'pllql e qll'.'. :.ralel stPa.i.;r t. lsem,raldtU --'-r.{JrMio\ l,_ ,, . ".

Mou s..i.ii- :> -- r -tIJII\lO\ ::1 "".

.

ra^olJ s,.ir--; - _'{ealfl QJ1.^"..; - ;.

'*

la^o puP '; -.; - -plall ao"-.

'splalJ Jo sal.iss :

at{t Aq peu,E.-. .

Eurq8nold :-;-pasnoq qrlU .'' _ -q10z aLIl ol.. :eL{i uo s.lav.; ",'

Working in Bowthorpe

A variety of small-scale industries havemoved into the Employment Area on theedge of Chapel Break. The high standardsrequired in terms of pollution, noise andscale ensure that industries "are such as canbe installed and carried on without detrimentto the area". The Bowthorpe Committeesponsored a competition for small firms. Thewinner, a college lecturer making teachingmodules, was offered a large rent-free unit fora year.

In addition to warehousing, lightengineering, glazing and printing firms,there are surprise "hits" such as Mr. Darbaz'sTurkish Delights, free samples of whichoccasionally delight local organisations, andPremier T-Shirts. This firm was started in ashed by two personalities known as Aggieand Maggie. After moving to Bowthorpe theygained national attention and have had totake.on thirty extra staff. By 1982 34 firmsemployed 500 people.

$1 lffi,#

$*"*.

The L;- - ,

the Stai .- ' l .

appointi. - -

Beloe l. ' .

teacher a '.

then cur': * -

3

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;;:d;"',r-

u@

A state u .: .

inspection : -

Deanerl', ir:.-25 Julv, l Et 'I ,' , -

@,

@

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',ft= ry

@

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ffir*-l'iilr:; rtFrt;==.-lel=>

jq-:ita*=iiF!*t ';"l%;'

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22

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Jo sJedlaq 'sJouJeAoD se panlolul eJe

,,{lrunuruoJ eLIl utqtl,vr aldoad;o ,{1auen aplme asJnoJ Jo pue ',,{lantltadsar JIloq}eJ ueLuo5

pue ]slpoqleN ere ,ilndaq pue peaH aql 'lou-re^oD uollepunoc qJrnqJ aarc e sl eraqJ'asuas ]sapeorq eql ut uetlslrqJ sg ll artlrerdur tnq qJI/!\toN ;o r{1D aql ulq}llv\ }slll eql -puel8ug Jo qlrnqJ ,illef,tuqral sl loot{rs eqJ

,,'.,{lrunutuoJ aq} Jo }uaudolaneplerrsdqd pue lelueu 'leJoLu '1en1t"ttds

eql SpJe/v\ol elnqlJluoJ,, plnoqs SIootlJS

]pql llv uotleJnpg aLIl Jo Jualuertnba,taql ploqdn ot 1l sdlaq ll 'selq 1err1r1odJo IelJeJ LUOJJ pue 'tusluelJelJas Jo SLUIOJ /v\eu

lsure8e ]l spJen8a;es stseq uellslJqJ s,loot{JsaqJ'slaqlo IIe JaAo,,{}r,rorrd aneq slua;edad"roqlMoB pue Iooqls pooqlnoqqEraue sr ]l 'eellll.utuoJ uolleJnpg {[oJ]oN,iq ol paar8e se^^ adroqlmog ut pallalJeraq orler slql leql uorlsaE8ns s,esaJolCqJrMJoN pue 'paJosuods qJJnqJ aJe

>ltoJroN ur slooqJs .,fteutrd .,{t lo pJIt{} aug'paqsllqelsa ,{1uJI; ,{pealle sl slooqJs

o/vu aql uaa^Aleq {lrnulluoJ pue 'looqJs lsllceq] uorJ rulq qllm dt.tl eq] epeLu JJets uel aql

Jo lr-1EII '{earg 1edeq3 le sauo Mau Eurueal8rlaql ol 'lllH ra^olJ ]e suoolsselJ ellqourraql uotJ sltdnd looqrs elpplLu parpunL{

o^t.l rano JaJSUpr] ol padlaq 'peaH ,ilndagInJe)rnosal eql '{tels uaqdals 'rlN 'rel-{Jeal

peaH /v\eu eql se riallll qlla) 'rl qll^ '{eal81adeq3 tp pauado looq)S etpply\ paplv,,fielunlon s,[aeqJIIN 'lS 'ZBGI L{JreN t uO

ol anurluor III/\A adroql^\o' 'r,;I;,t^liilse anrasap {r,{t lradsa; aq} uaql raJJo

pup suorlelradxa pue sapnltlle anlllsod qll/v\

uaq] qreordde a,rn pue aldoad a.re ualpllqJlpql Jaquarual ueJ aM JI 'uaJpllL{) s}! ,,{1aueu'ssoJJns aJnlnJ sll JoJ spaeu 1l ]uaulsan ulaq] seq luaudole^ap adtoqt^\og eqJ ' ' '

,,

aurr papaau qrnru e uarpttq,oourJ:lififiol .,{auotu luarJlJJns pestet slua;ed aul} uot{s

.,ftan e ul pue uorlerJosse looqts EurqsrrnoiJe eneq a1yalqelreneun eQ ol uaddeq slua;ed

JI uaJplrqJ >IJIS Jo arer ele] ol Eur11r,r,r ueqleJor.u aJe spuerJJ pue sJnoqq8tau 'alduexaJoC 'parrnba; sr ]l Jalaueqm IootlJS aqlol pue raqto qJea ol pueq Eurdlaq e anr8 ol;a8ea pue ,{pear are sJuared Jno pulJ aA,,

'loor_lJs r.uoJJ

pue o] .,{e,rn Jreql uo uaJpllqJ aql q}l/v\ Euts;an-uoJ uoas ,ilreln8al aq ueJ pue suotlf,unJ lnoolul dod of Suluur8aq a,re EutsnoH parallaqsaql ruorJ a1doad,{1tap1a aLIJ'slueptsarpue slua;ed ,,{ueu [uoJJ ];oddns Jllselsnqluapue leln8al sr{o[ua Iooqrt^ eqJ,,

'AllunutuoJ

aqt Jo ]lJauaq eqt roJ ttlt laqt anr8 ot Eurlll/\\sluaprsar ,iq unJ are sarJIAIlJe esaql Jo IIV'MeJ e lnQ eureu ol seuaqrs.,{e1d ,iepttoq puesdno,rfi..{e1d'sdno;E Eutruep'salla;oleu'qnlJrorun[ 'qnlJ r{tnori e ulol of sar]runuoddoa^eq ualplrqJ 'looqJs aql ur ,,i1le1n8el slaaulaJuelnquv s,uqof '1s aql Jo l-{luelq ,totunIe 'EultlslJnolJ ore slnoJs pue sqnJ 'sdno;Eotul papl^lp e^eq pue papuedxa a^eqsaru^ or8 pue saprnD 'uarplrqJ rno roJ alqe-lre^e aJe slsaJalur paue^ pue epla,, ' ' '

'a8e11rn .,{rtunoJJO laarls r{}IJ InJSSaJf,ns e ,,{ueru Jo luarpa"r8urJrseq e lalrs uo Eurnrl sluaredpuer8 rosalJun pue slunP aneq uaJpllqJ Jno Jo auosteql pulJ o] palq8rlap are a^A 'laqualdas

Euruor slq] Iooqrs ur sn ulof IIIM pllqrlpqJ 'lllH ra^olJ le uroq se^A ,iqeq lsrlJ ,,{;an

aql 'looqJs aql pue]]e ol eJaA oq/\\ uaJplll{Jaql Jo slua;ed aL{} lalu I uaq/v\ 'LL6[ raqua]-das I uo' ' ',, :z{lrunuuroJ aLIl pue IooqJSaqt Jo Jno^elJ aql ane8 eqs '2861 ,,{"renrqaC

ur sMaN Euruang uralseg aql o] tallal e

u1 ',,{lrnllJe Jo a^rq e se IooqJS aql paqsrlqPisa

'reqreeJ peoH aqt 'qllus IIqd 'srN'JJels Eutuealr

pue sleatu Ioot{JS uorluau ol lou 'sluelslsseareJIaM oml '.,{te}a,nas e 'slaqJeal ZZ p JJetse'uarpllqr 06t alam araql Z86t Jo Eutuut8aqaq] lV 'uerpltt{l gZ pue JJe}s earql lsnf ala^araqJ 'lleH a8elll1 aqt ur LL6[ raqualdagg uo pauado looqrs tsrlC IIIH ra^olJ

slooq)s

'alaql plaq LiJ: . ,:'aJluaJ QJI Il L.l,-i

'En1lpof, ralad r -'1ra[o16 IeJruJL-.. :dlaq

^aql .ie;

spuauJ qEno.rLl. - ,.- -

ol L{Jnr.u o.\\o : _.: "

JIAqI pue 'QJl ^,'. ; * .

aql'raLUroJa.i .

Jo JeqleJ al{l :r- "'',,fuane1s pua cr- : ::s,dau;ng qda: . :

'lllH ra^ol] LI j :,uI aJaM su(-)l':' -O] JanO aLUPi - -

aql ol IIeH LL.'-- .: '

The fine new building in white brick has itsown music and drama room, and Mr. Lilley,who is well-known for his musical interests,makes good use of them. Science, handcraft,art and pottery are also taught. On the sportsside the school provides football, badminton,mini-hockey and netball. The dedicated staff

w&

r&,**

:.ii

provide all sorts of lunchtime and after-school activities, including an ornithologyclub.

The well-known hymn writer, Fred PrattGreen, who wrote a hymn for the Queen'sJubilee Service, wrote a hymn for theschool's official opening.

Theirgranc< *,estate. reve l':: .

Spelman. Peli.*- - '-roots \A'ere -.-:lived at Bor^,:r. . :the estate tr ',1 '

somewhat lr: .: '

deacon of \ :'arranged S€\:| .

church at ti:-

lrti**ij

:t t**

It1

:;1;i1;;;'i'-'1 " **,"tffi

St. Michael's Middle School. (Courtesey of lVorwich Mercury).

24

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'Aqreau

doqs e seq 'rolf,op aql se Eurlre lo plo aqlol qJnul se I1e1 .,{eu s,,{epemou oq/vr '}slulaqJ

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e ul 'leJlpau .{1lrrr}s }ou aJP stualqo;d asoqm

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,{llunruruoJ r{qtteeH V

'L6' ou sloreJ Jo>loog prerlleD aqt tuor; Eurpes eqt ul 'tQ7ltg

saulLls uoory aLtJ lorer aqt ot Euns aq oJ

'lerpeqleJ s,lned ']s uleJrM aS aelrqnf reAIrS s,ueen} aqt roJ ururiq e

aloJ/v\ pue qJIMJON ul sanll oqA\ 'ueaJD lleJdperC sr roqtne aqJ '2861 'requaldag y6 uo'>leerg ladeqJ 'loor{ls elppll4 'V'A s,leeqrrp']S

Jo Euruado aql roJ ua]lrrm sem loreJ slqJ

'eq tpqs tr looqrs e Jo uos leqauels aql uorJ aprrap o1 lle sn ol dn sll os

:aru pue nor{ ueql eJoLu Joc

IIIH adroqlmog uo loot{)s e }llnq {aqJ'pro/v\s slq seqleaqs IeeqJIIN

'1S

auop sl IIIM slq teql u8rs eqt sl slq] puv:pro-l s,leeqJIIN 'ls sl oqa

auo JeleaJD aql pps 'atu Jo uJeal lsnu no^'apetu seq poD leq] plro/v\ aI-lJ

spods ra^eleqm Jo pu 1aE sn dlaq o1'ple srq spuel laeqrlN ']s

'Euol.l,r

pue tq8lr uaemlaq uo sl tqEII aql uaq1\'{em .,fiana lno-{oot e qlk!\

'slllq ;o sdol uo seqrrnr.{r slq pulJ II,noA:r{aqo o} anol sla8ue tuoq/V\

'Eur.u, s,leeqJlp 'lS Japun sn peJeld ,iaq1

4aq l! III^a loor{rs e Jo uos ln"qa:AEM

slr{t passed oqm p.arepuom auor{rana puv:ees o1 plro^ .ql [[e roc

'1lH ad"roqlmog uo looqf,s e lgnq ,{aqJ

'(taq1e; s..iri..; _

eq] pue (iaqlo.l- : ..-et{t 'sdo11e1 a'i. ; --

Jo /v\opulA\ lsPl : * -

eeJqlJosullP I-- -:

Jleq] se^\ sal,i€ -,._ - -

ol lerueqr aq. _.

aql saqllJsap : .: . -

ut uallu.\\ }i,_,.i ..'plo s;ea.i ual f .;= ,

pue ,fiuag 'i.il - :'Eurra;;ns u\,, : -..o] ,iqtotog : -.:

'passorlslp aLl.

uoqA UI 01].

JO SJUALU.\\Op L. =-

,ipel e,, Jo silal ',' -

ol auols IPI-lr,r.-. _ .

leql selllienb F'', .

Jo Eul>l aLi,

SIeJol aql O)Ll itLUroJ 'paEuP.l,tL,--,

aqJ 'auols 3-.aq] Jo Slallal t-' ','.- -'UI aUolSqLUoJ s -, - .

Iooqrs s fIFg,{eql'loot-ps s,pDtprry 'tS tD toe Swuadg

Boby at clinic.

Bowthorpe has pioneered one schemewhich, if it proves successful, could start atrend elsewhere. A Counselline Service hasbeen set up. The Health Service in EastAnglia does not finance it, although it isprofessional. Reasonable fees are therefore

charged. To enable those on low incomes tohave their fees reduced, local residents haveset up a fund called 'Bowthorpe CounsellingConcerns".

Mark Phippen, its foundation counsellor,bought one of the six farm cottages, whichthe council sold with an improvement grant,in order to be involved in Bowthorpe, andtrained in counselling at Aston Univer.sity.

Church - AFamilyofChristians

An early vision of "one family of Christiansfor one neighbourhood" has been remark-ably fulfilled in Bowthorpe.

As soon as plans for Bowthorpe were an-nounced the main churches in Norfolk sawthis as an exciting opportunity to work inpartnership, and Norwich Council of Chur-ches formed a Bowthorpe Committee.

At a packed service in Clover Hill VillageHall on January 1978 Ray Simpson waslicensed as Bowthorpe's first full-timeMinister for nearly two hundred years. TheBishop of Norwich, the Roman Catholic VicarGeneral and the Free Church Council Presi-dent commissioned him "to establish a fami-ly of Christians in this place". "l supposethere has never been a service in this countrywhich has been so well represented in thelicensing of a minister as this one", said theBishop. Representatives of the Salvation Ar-my, the Society of Friends, House Church,Brethen, Pentecostal and independentevangelical groups extended the "right handof fellowship", as well as all the maindenominations. The Vicar and Wardens ofSt. Mary's Earlham, out of whose parishBowthorpe had once again been taken toform a Conventional District, re-presentedBowthorpe's ancient Communion chaliceand plate. ffhese are on view in theCathedral Collection until Bowthorpe has itsown Church building).

The \\ a -r:-'influence ,-:-

Ch arles \\ .. - - -Jerninghar .- -

Hall His f a:: =: : - -

becauseh€-.- -:home \\:

=inforrner' : - ''-ther'\\err^ - =

Prin cessLadr'.\nlen 'v-'

centurv a::,r ,-Parlian:. , : ,---

br'-pass F',.: . r'Instead o: ', 1 :" :

Cambridqenext Rec: ,: -

sinecu re. a:. :the parish . =

\- -'

boo ks.

Holy Communion Plote.

'sllnpe pue uarplrr{r

Jo uorleJnpa uertsrJqJ aqt ur alerado-orlraqga8ol

p/raual pue rar{erd lo sr.uJoJ Meu uJeallr{1anos

Eurnol pue lsnl e eJee]J ol tueal e se >lJoM

lflrunuruoJ eql roJ [[r/v\ s,po3 IIJInJ:ol'1)a[

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',,anol Jo anem e fq llq EuleQ,, ;o a>1ods

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'616 7 ,QonuD[ 'anual q)tnqJ p ?uruado

'paldua1-]e spm 'paau ]seleaJ8 ul asoql 01 'aJrnJaS 'pa

-JuerJedxa se/v\ 'sunq 1errs,,{qd pue puorloua;o 'EurleaH 'uorunuruoJ {loH lo uotlerqelaJ,,{1>1aam aql ul pue seuoq ur aJeld >1oo1 peaJq

Jo Eur>1earg 'uortepunoJ prlos->lJor e se^A

poD Jo pro1A aqJ 'padola^ap uoos 'u'e 00'8]e rar{erd .,{1rep pue 'sarulJ te rar{erd ro; latur{JJnqJ eloqm aql 'seerql pue soAA} ur sraqle8euos :rar{erd se^A aJeqJ 'stuelqo"rd prrlterdJo s.,{eprloq 'sJeJ 'sleeu peJeqs sJequeu:drqsmollal Euorls e se^A eJeqJ 'suerJsrJr-lJ

.,{1rea aql pa{reru qJlql\ lspqJ ol ssauasolJpue 'rQnrlduls 'ssauqseJJ aqt JeAoJSIp-eJ

ol parrl sraqruaru qJJnql uels aql tuorc'Jelel rear{ e alJueJ qJJnqJ ,,Jooq uadg oqJ,,olul pauJolsueJl seA\ slqt 'sJeqr.ueur r{JlnqJ,iq {Jo/v\ pJeq pue suorleuruouap leJenasrrrorJ suorleuop Jo dlaq eq] qtl6 'lllH re^olJJo arlueJ ar-[] ul ]lun doqs e pespqrrnd ospU 'stxJa1 uerrl8uv ul ,i1uo ]ou pue '[p ol aJeJptotsed ta1;o ol aerJ aq plnoqs eq teqt paar8e

Jnq 'ralslulntr e Jo ,{re1es aqt a}oJMJepun pueasnoq e peseqund puelEu3 Jo qlrnqJ aq1

'.,{latros F- ". :

pue ;aAe.rd t'*s,,{epo1 ut :'-.:'- j'sJIIOtljeJ L-L- --- -sll laarls ulPL- : -.aqt ,iq pau.\\ - . ,. . -

ul lee.\\ qJea :::, .-

',,{epo1 'u teb"- : :: .

pue LUeL{l u3r",'.. _

EutpptC alt..- ', -

lo8e srea.i as - -. :

puel8ug Jo uri- -

pue 'adrolll','.-: :

{ull e alaql s'-- .,, _ -

aql aJuls UJC

Oqt 'Eulppl3 r .- -eqt te pa.iels r'.:Jo esrn8 ar-il u: . --Jo ']saud au€\ : .. "

'ry\ Jo serlP a_.d.ql ]eqt sa'.;'- -..

e 'AlaqMaSIS p- '

'ualln8 peLUPL. ; .

'sralq8nep e\1, ::oluI >lJeq pO.t,,- .:,sane;8aple.\\ r * .

asln8slc u

'pauaD-n)tA 'J'A'apupry g EsW'uosdturg Koy 'oay 'LplmroN 1o dot1sry atg'lDunoJ qrfiqJaaq Jo luap$atd 'uolqH 'e 'oay :ltt8lt ol Ua7 JaNurW s,adtolpmog uossruwo) sapDal Lprnlt)

.* '# s*.--{

Sundav Worship in

When Rt. Rev. Alan Clark, Bishop of EastAnglia, became the first Roman CatholicBishop to take a Confirmation in Bowthorpein April 1982, he spoke of his talks with PopeJohn Paul II to prepare for his visit to Britainin May 1982, and of his hopes for Christianunity in years to come in Bowthorpe. "Peoplewill say 'lt all began in the Open Door"' heconcluded.

A united service is held in Clover HillVillage Hall on Sunday mornings. It is led bya team of musicians, readers, helpers and theminister; there are a creche and children'sclasses, and it is followed by refreshments.All Bowthorpe parents are invited to dedicatetheir babies during the Family Service thefirst Sundav each month.

the Village Holl

Baptisms, weddings and funerals areprovided according to the traditions of par-ticipating denominations, and a Church ofEngland Holy Communion Service is heldweekly. Residents who have found a faith inChrist have been baptised by immersion in aneighbouring church, or in Clover Hill from afont given by Jessop Road United ReformedChurch, and others have been confirmed.

Every three months there is a ChurchMeeting open to all full members of "TheChristian Church in Bowthorpe". In 1981 itgave authority to a group of people, includingthe Minister, to act as a leadership team.These leaders appointed House GroupLeaders and eight Pastoral Visitors. Thesehave a variety of responsibilities. One con-centrates on work with elderly in the twoSheltered Housing Schemes, another on the"Cradle Roll", and another on being a "se-

cond mum" to some of the children. A rota ofvolunteers keeps "The Open Door" openmost mornings, as a drop-in place for infor-mation, chat, or library books. Several peo-ple have burst in with words such as: "l wastold I could alwavs come here if Iwas reallv introuble. "

Some of Kei:: iHall durinq :: - . -fences, and .t:,land. Ron Ba:: - -

period. no: , '=

Kett's rebei. .r^. "his defian.: -fathers of \ -,1'-,',

ed the sham: ' '

the Castle e: r'--:- *

An era he: ' :English cha: ' -the agonv c: -- :principle .'. :

Europe Ti.= r-

linked br t.: :

the right ,'i :: -with God th r =

acrossther: "-

Lar pt'te.'o ;"--"po\t'ers oi :i : "

Bible l'ef, ,l't-":r r

Latimer Hr -: : --and lan d -e:. -

and leavin q

and his ci' ,i i. -everV p&r',.bible chai:r= .

read.

What ha;t: -

tunlikelr it r'. ,-Henn' all-',',

=

Spencer. t, ,; :

owned br i:-.= -

was o\\'n e:'

Bowthorpe :' -appointrner:and his S-. -:--nothing nt,- l':

Roman Cat

It was noi .

status-quo u'hwere some \..':. ':had finallr'nl:t:the authoritv i:- -

28

'JauIuIns

euo tulq ,iq pasrue8ro sem Eututerl sa1r,,{r

Joloru uoouJeue ,,iepung 'slr{} Jo alduexaue sP/v\ 'JeqJeB qo8 'J'd asuasuou-ou lnq'.,{1puar"r; 'lle} aqJ 'ano;dtur ,{lqrsrn .,{lrunu-tuoJ aql Jo aleJotu eq] pue uotluana.td auIIJf,lllog 'sJorues slq Jo uorleJado-or aql seq pue'sa8e pue sdnor8 peue^ L{}l/!\ sdrqsuorlelalpoo8 aleu ue) leaq eql uo ueureJllode aJaLlM 'adroqlmog ol ,,r{qqoq a8e11rn,,

e peJnporlul ,,fie1nqelsuoJ {loJroN aqJ'.,{lrunuruoJ aLIl Jo slredse Jaqlo

;o Eur>1JoA r{}oorus aql elnsua ol pue 'sdnor8

Jo Jeqrlnu e elelnulls ol padlaq 's"tea.,{ tnoJroJ re{ro/V\ aql 'ple/v\so lerac 'ra>lro^A ,itlu-nuruo3 pooqrnoqq8tap e aprno;d IIlunoJ,illJ qf,rmroN Jo uorsrnrq sellluatuy eLlJ

'uorlrladuor

IIIH re^olJ sslntr e pue aruep e qtlM spua,iep aqJ 'aunf ur ,{ep,rntes lsel eq} uo a8elltneloqm aql ]no s8ur.rq alal Ienuue aqJ

'uollnlllsutue arueJaq 'r{llof ulloJ ,,fue}a;ras drqslaq-tuau VUHf, aqt

^q paslue8ro 'o8utq tq8lu

,{epug 'uea} pue poomJapun ,iqte) 'saLIleB

,ipnp ,{q paprnord s}ueuqsaJJal Hll,tt VUHJeqt {q paJosuods ala/v\ s}uatuuteua}ug

'saI.Uoq

00t I JeAo ol aaJJ ]ua^ 'sluaulasluanpP,{q ro; pred 'JelJelsmaN aql pue 'uoAA ela/v\''Jla sqledtoo; 'saJeds,,ie1d ut sluatuanord-rur 'paqsllqetsa ala^ ileH ,{ltJ q}lM sdrqsuorl

'serlxls re^o ol srelppoJpue sun6 ruor; a8uer sa8y 'sdnor8 ur-urlsol ur-doJp tuoJJ 'sqnlJ lerJos sarpel ol srauap-re8 ruorJ a8ue; sarllnllJe sqnpv 'aJuelnqLUV

s,uqof 'lS pue se]lerol;e6'qnlJ rorunf e'EurJnors pue Eurprng sr erelll uarplrr{J roC

-elar luallaJx3 'senrm rraql Aq papre 'Aalpeg

Ined pue aurpD uou 'a>lJnog uaqou :aJrn-Jes Eurlullsun ane8 oL{M aldoad paJuar,rad-xa aarqt ,iq pal SPAA uorler)ossv sluaprsau

IIIH ra^olJ aL{} '6/6 [ ruorJ 'sreer{ eerq} roc.IIE

uaqt roJ raler ol alqeun sem IIeH a8e11t1 aqlpue 'suotlestue8;o ,{luam} Jano aJaAA aJaq}uoos'peileJ sraqlo pue papaaJJns al.Uos'adroqlMoB ur ,,oE e peq,, :salllunuruoJpaqsllqPlsa ul ]uauen Io^ul paplo^e peLI

oq/\\ auos 'ul paAou Sluaplsal eJol.U SV

ruoorrlsntrN salll^Ilrv

'ap,l'spraq puP slir -

pue'JIIqnd au.parrnbre .il.ra: , "; -UOLLILUOJ IA.\.- -. : -

lsuteEelsaiu.; :: -

Ueu SlH'.iCt -- -.palrl aq ---: - .

aplSaq pa.\.i3:.' , .

'are 1d l ooi t,' . - ,

ploqasl'lof\ : ,.

uaalxrs pa.la,..::Jo '113) -,-slt{} olul '.\.ir-.

seM leql ui.:--:Jo lerrd.it se','. .

sleqau

'Eul)i: .

'ueac aql '.tJt,-- ,- - -

ladeql lealE . '..;, , *

e ,{q paln.t a.i:'"aleJalol lo Ll -'paa;E Jo sa.tl -.: -,{1rea aqt ut p-.. :pue splelc alll -^ -'uorlJe olul Jtt'. ;-

#

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raool) paJDaT tnol aql ut

Sport and Recreation

Fishing is perhaps the most popular pas-time, and the river Yare is at times lined withlocal fisherpeople. Volleyball, badmintonand table tennis teams, based in the VillageHall, have competed successfully, as has theladies darts team at the Four Leafed Clover. Afine pavilion opened on the sports park in1980, enabling tennis, bowls and floodlit ballqames to take place. The sporting highlight isClover Hill Football Club, which was formedin the 1978-9 season by David Gunning andothers, and elected to the Norwich and Dis-trict Business House League Division 38. Thefollowing season a reserve team was formed,led by Colin Jolly. Clover Hill became ThirdDivision Champions in 1981, reached thelast thirty two of the Norfolk Primary Cup outof an entry of nA teams and were in thequarter finals of the Shoe Traders Cup,

The 1 981 uinning Football T'eem

CLOVERHILL F C.

Warning Signals

A Swiss "community health architect"stayed in Bowthorpe. He observed its planand its people. The place was pre-packaged,he felt, and its people pre-occupied. The pro-ject would fail unless it created a heart, a'space where people could get in touch withtheir roots and their inner selves; where theycould express their creative instincts, andexperience spontaneity and even wildness.In short, it must establish a spiritual home.

His unease is shared by some of those wholive or work within the community. Some ofthose who come here do not choose to, butfamily or social needs take them to the top ofthe housing queue. They still identify withthe neighbourhoods they came from. Toomany people with acute problems have beenhoused near each other for their own or thecommunity's good. The apparent failure ofthe Housing Department to allocate houseswith thought and care is, at the least, short-sighted. Too many single mothers, without acar and feeling cut-off from the city, sufferfrom depression. Not a few are like the newarrival who said: "l've made a mess of my lifeand have come here to make a new start."Some try, and get involved in comntunitywork for the first time in their lives. Manyfind they bring their problems with them,and relationships go wrong once again

"

Organisations like homes, are fragile, andpersonality conflicts in both have broughtbreak-down. Others have felt unappreciated,and withdrawn their involvement.

People who work with youth fear thatunless wise and strong leadership is given bythe wider community, there will be serioustrouble before many years. Many are unem-ployed. The message they get is that they areunvalued by their society, their local com-munity, or sometimes by their parents. Apartfrom Tuesday night youth club, they had noplace to go after four years of development"Provision of youth facilities has been a victimof the dissent between City and CountyHalls.

The decision to site the pub next to thevillage hall has been widely criticised byteenagers and parents alike, and unneces-sary fights have been the result. The "FourLeafed Clover" is pleasantly designed andfinancially successful, but it has so far failedto create a feeling of Clover Hill community.A succession of managers have come andgone.

The failure to build houses with adequategardens or spacious rooms, added to the highdensity of housing in Clover Hill, is deep.

Bon'th: : =

Wendelr=land. anc -. - -before h. t:-tithes Tr: :,"

Borr-thrl'.: -

his sLrcceii r"-:streets l . -Noti'kin \SOme C'f ii.:.

The B '-. " -the cenl..:'. \-staved 1e. -

Perhapr :: -and ce]'t,-.. '

killed hr :: = :Iist of tc'r'.'-.s '

reliei irr lr=The ii::- '

appointec : -*

names. Tit r ::Norlvich: R ' -

de CorpLr i:'.1409 The :

hisrt'idorr'.,'' -,and 1 I t-t9 i-.

=

the aid of :: = -

paid a rani -

prisoner ll ) -

buried in t l: - :'

Abbel . neal -

prayer beiolr -

Magna Carta .: -

coin was foun: :

30

'slll1 aof''{Eraua enrJeuJalle lnoqe seeprJrar{l pelII aqs ples pue ,,asrJtexa Eur.raauord8,, Se ll palleq 'JollrJunoJ pJe/v\ ad"roqu\\o8e srrtac epuar8 'srl tr

",{1rap1a aqt pue

pa,,ioldueun aql 'paddeJrpueq aqt rplnJrl-rcd ur 'elselA Jrlseuop Eur1r,,{r-eJ ur t{1runu-r.uoJ aql Jo suorlJes Ip aAIoAur ol srure uorl-esrue8ro srqJ 'saJrJJo ruJeJ plo eq] Jo eaJe aqlur 1ralord e qsllqe]sa oJ uorssrrurad s,[rJunoJaqt Eur{ees se/r 'pll Eur1r.,{3-ag }essv teqlpeJunouue sserd aql z86l qJrelA ur 'ueqJ

'lual JoJ

sdoqs>1ro^A raqlo pue Uer) olul spaqs Eur>1puplo aql UaAUo) o] 1ra[or6 seJrnJes ;amod-ueN e sPM peqrunel IrJunoJ eql aureqJs]sr!J e{-lJ 'r{lrunutuor aql Jo luauaq aq1 to; dn,r,ror8 ol sesrJdralua slooJ-sserE ;o ,{1aueA e JoJ

sueal.U e aq pue 'lseq eql JoJ lno uJnt plnolU 'eere aql Jo luaudole^ap lenper8 '{plt sselp sueatu slr{} qEnoqllv 'sdnor8 lsaralur leJol;o {lred Eur>1tom e Jo suorlsa88ns peuroJlam{.qt 'rele^Aoq lpanes ueaq eneq s8urppnqaqt tp lou pue 'lrrunoJ fttJ aqt ,iq eereslql Jo luatudolanap elesaloqm aql peluanards{Jeq-lnl aJueurC 'adtoqlmog Io sa8ellrnaerql aql Jo ueaq aql te aq IIy\\ r{rlq^A earetxJeJ aq1 uodn asrJ ol sur8oq uns aL[] 'MoN

',,JOOCI UedO aqJ,, Je

ualsds xapur pJeJ e q8nolql os op '{eu

suutJ,,illJ ,{11sor Jo esoql ueql reqleJ srnoqq8rau

Io slll>ls aql ,{o1dua ol LIsIM oqm slueprsag'sarlrArlre pool-eloq^\ ,inq-11nq pue a1{1s-eJII 'UetJ paJosuods seq ,,JooC uadg aqJ,,

s,0861-plu aQl ur suado lr uaqmEuuer lenlnu ro; ,{lneder eq1 uadaap pueril-runuuor aq] qrrrua llm padderlpueq {lpt-uau pue,{11errs,{qd aqt JoJ er.uoq ,,{orzllC V'errter o] rulq perroJ ssaulll IItun e;r1 a8elpn

Jo aJnleal e arleJaq'qllustaddor Jalsetua{_lt 'sll[3 eof 'lllH re^olJ Jo arlua] eqt ul lilnqEuraq sdoqs>1Jon olvq ur pellnsal 'aluar,rad-xa ,,{lrunturuoJ eql ;o ped aq ptnoqs 'atrroqse llam se 'IJoM ]er{l lq8rsur s,pJeuJefl 'JN

'srea Jeap uodn ualeJ ,{1arr1

-ue lou a^eq 'aldoad aqt Jo lr"rrds eq] saseale"iqJIq^A ,{lrunuruoJ B eJeaJ) of a8ualleqrrtaql quM ']JelrqJrP ssrAAS eql Jo sproM eqJ

oC ol /tsAf V

oluo Joop e uadr-, . -

uJoporu sad.; .

slr{l parolsa'I b -. .

JJo ta8 o] adod .

uaL{M uelorq s: ',

e o] sarlleriol IPn- :

qJnr.u Eulqlolu'-se areld e lieu\

\

tl 'el'Uou ul srai.it-- : :

aqt spleMol p::-

q)ea UolJnql-ii.. "

ralad,, ur pl pl,r .

se^ qJJnqJ s.ll: "

le looqrs elpp]1,'. : -'1S roJ uaarS '

'pJoAAS peqleaqS .' -'ts ur peplolu -

a;nldlnJS V 's.rLr'. ,

Eutu"tnq tdal sP','.

anlelseolojOclr_;aqt ul pallnq \:r',^

'Ja.\l-i : --.

s>loolJanoieqli,.s,adroqYr,rog 'ai .;

slllt{ uo lllnq o.. -pal sulelunolu iE.;:

"

-lA Mol.l 'ool 'pur- -- ,

,,{1uo are leq} il.\-:

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6

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fhe L

One : '-',of Blt', .'. ' . -

mal't'ir,- '

Sir Pe:=

Bon'th::- - :

ed here : -'-John. i. - ',', :., ' "

1 289. \,'. -1-

age tli ','.: '. :cousir, S : :

\ ii.- ---\ ii^.:

Lei ha: j '.CoLil.t i', ,r- 'Thetf' r -Assoc

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:St

Farm Buildinqs

Plans for a Work and Worship Centre onthe site of St. Michael's church were also an-nounced in the spring of 1982. The aim is tohave a multi-denominational building to ac-commodate 150 for Sunday worship, whichwill also be a place of meeting, activity, andperhaps work, throughout the week. Part ofthe old churchyard will become a gardenwhere coffee can be served to Sainsburyshoppers. Church members are to move intothe farm cottages on the site and use them as

a hospitality centre; and once again there willbe a nearby parsonage.

View of St. Michael's

The City Council have ideas for the rest ofthe area, and perhaps other groups will askfor space. Various amenity uses and arestaurant have been discussed. With enter-prise and care, old Bowthorpe could becomea hub of human life and work.

Perhaps, after all, for the first time since theoriginal Saxon settlement, Bowthorpe willagain echo to the sound of wood, and weaveand worship; and the spirit of her people willsoar like an eagle.

!*F{vvn\dd4*;

I

Hh.r4*, i]vFqrd

r*kv-{LtJ

i.. J

ry; +tr,'-t ."*,tFFI

iu.F\ tr3

"!'l drfa

-Jas rirnI uorJ ldru;.'slr{l Jo sa8all^lid a..

Jo slueual aql ua.\J .

-e8tlsanul uV 't I t r

,{q paulAo sem olel: .

Jo uorlJes aqJlsaJoJ pue 'r{;lua8 .

-tods pue Eurlunq :

-ul 'sptol Eul>lue.l-paMopua s8ur>l all,aq] ul papnlru! :

JO Ued 'touelN .,{ass;

a{ll s8urplrnq aulJ L

\1?a,

IA Loc

At Barvb,..: ;Walston i. - -

dinarv p€, I.most officia. \ .

and on the .: ,

He \\.as - :

mother. B.-blood. He c: lthe age of ',' : " -

ment. took r -,

urious hon:: -

the dense i' r:. '

Taverh arrl

began \\'o r rr . -

Nalga. and .. - :

until he d ie - -and slept i: : -

St ll-: ,'

The farm€r - ,

one day ga\: ^

wallet full c'i : :. .

the field. he :-: '

provisions trr - :His mistress \', -.- ' '

that he \^'as s::', . :

men. She ITr&c:

thorns, and pt':r- --

feet. Some une).- -:

ed him on his :*-'

U}TH.ffi.

9t

sallarclDry puD s/nofs' 'saptltg tlllct uossa)otd ,t opung upd

ffi-"\rsdd #

tol leoq \Ll .i

-JOM Ol 1U3.",'

'Aau1o3 'LlF., -

of ad,roQl.rrr-,9 ---aaJql ala.\\ ;;- .

pPt{ salllLUP] . -.pauMo se.\\ i .:

,{epsauoq J * -.=

uorssed e pL'-,

losluaLUPu.l, ; -

.,fuana pue ' q,: ,* - -

'Ja^ea^^ 'l a Ll -. . -

-suerr pallll: ;

pue alqere si - *

]nq's8td puP

IeaJaJ MalE .'^= - _dn-las e od.t,- -.

, ffi.]:''....''.'.:'ffi.'.'.'ffi;ru

o?urg

Ear['

Clot;er Hill children Miss Clouer Hill

The Ouer Sixties Club

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{leA\ ueupasesol3 uop,,iagpeog ,{a1,tneg

peou llera^edleaJlS ur4,,i1op

]eartS a8pulop

{alN tooNesolJ uot8ulr{sn'l

UnoJ ueq,,ia1ple.,{alqunH

a^rrcl ltal^\oHpeou epqpooD

asol] r-[rrnqJuocunoJ (11ua11o3) lprapoJ

aso[J SIIIe,/v\UJoJ

UnoJ apalsdungunoJ uoldruerg

enuanv eola8peou preure8

xepul leerls

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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

Mr. Ron BarnesMr. N" BatcockBell School of LanguagesColman and Rye Local History LibraryEastern Counties Press l-ibrarvMr. H. W. EarleMiss B. FoxMr. F. M. GibbsMr. J. C. HarveyNorfolk Archaeology UnitNorfolk and Norwich Record OfficeNorwich Castle MuseumMr. Malcolm ShreeveNorwich City Council Bowthorpe Project TeamMr. S. SlackThe Vicar of St. Mary's Earlham

. and many Bowthorpe residents

Proceedsfrom the sale of this book will be donated towards the

cf Bowthorpe's old St. Michael's

Chief Published Sources

F. Blomefieid: "The History of Norfolk"Bryant: "Norfolk Churches"Bulletin No. 24: Council forBritish Archaeology Group 6

A. Jessop: "Bowthorpe Hall" Norfolk andNorwich Archaeological Society.

"Norfolk Archaeology" various volumes.White's "Norfolk" 1845 and 1854 editions.Margaret M. Camina: "Bowthorpeimplementation of a Dream. A Case-Studyin the frustrations of Local Government".Centre of East Anglian Studies, Universityof East Anelia.

new church building on the sitechu rch .

I-.i

it

II

I-)rI

..\'

0 \,, I'fitr.anc : I

Erll,-- ''

Readers who wish to sendBowthorpe Church Building

a donation should sendFund, 11 Brampton Court

it to: The Treasurer,

Bowthorpe, Norwich

.7r,r--""t*,'.,*..,.'',*Vl llage N0 2 underway

"Co nr: .-.

That : -Tou'ei' :

"'fhere \',

part. Th r:'-The Btblt,

"Commttnitr i_-based on seli- *

A Ploce Calleril

WORK has startBd on the second village at Bow-thorpe, Norwich, with housing for the OisableA.

^ The.Chapel_Break village scheme by Norwich Citycouncil includes bungalows, two *arde.rs houses anda common room. The f700 000 tender was won byBush Builders and the architect was Ken Lord of thbBowthorpe project team. Completion is due in 1984.

--.9tt+p"lBreak will follow the sarne concept as cloverHilI' the first village which began in the mid tqz0s, 4ndwill comprise 50 per cent private deveropment and 50per cent council, with an open plan desigfi in a villageenvironment. There will be a village hail. corner sh;pand health centre, and the council wiil bt aiming for a

lower density than Clover Hitl.Land has also been sold for phase one of Chapel

Break's housing to private contractors and twohousing associations.

The experimental village concept at Clover Hill,which is now 85 per cent complete and houses 4 000people, has worked well according to the local autho-rity and residents. But one major complaint is a lack ofparking space and poor car access to the town.'It also appears that for the first few months elderlyand disabled residents at Chapel Break witl have tocross a busy road to the main centre and shops cateringfor the three villages.