Briefieng Paper.english and Indonesia

8/8/2019 Briefieng Paper.english and Indonesia

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Briefieng Paper

Biofuel untuk mesin, Minyak Jelantah 1 untuk

manusia.

Mulai Tanggal 1 Juni 2007 harga minyakdipasaran harus sudah mencapai Rp6.500-Rp 6.800 per kilogram. Dirjen Pengolahan

dan Pemasaran Hasil Pertanian (P2HP),Djoko Said Damardjati ketika membuka

acara Agro and Food Expo 2007.

Minggu pertama bulan Juni sudah berlalu,tapi minyak goreng dipasar domestik(Indonesia) tidak kunjung turun, malahsemakin menanjak naik. Berbagai usahadilakukan oleh pemerintah dari menggelarOperasi Pasar (OP) hingga melahirkankebijakan tentang Domestic MarketObligation (DMO) yang tertuang dalamKeputusan Menteri Pertanian Nomor 339tahun 2007. Kebijakan Domestic MarketObligation diharapkan mampu menstabilkanharga minyak goreng dalam negeri(Indonesia), karena kebijakan inimengharuskan para pengusaha CPO untuk

menyetorkan CPO untuk diolah menjadiminyak goreng guna menjaga kestabilanharga minyak goreng di Indonesia. Tapi taksatupun usaha tersebut berhasil, malahharga minyak goreng terus melambung naikhingga mencapai rate tertinggi yaitu Rp9000/kg. Dan yang paling parah adalah didesa-desa seperti di kabupaten Tebo,Propinsi Jambi, harga minyak gorengmencapai 10.000/kg (Harian Jambi Ekspres,4 Juni 2007), padahal kabupaten ini adalah

salah satu wilayah pusat perkebunan kelapasawit di Propinsi Jambi.

1 Minyak Jelantah adalah minyak yang sudahdipergunakan untuk memasak, kemudiandipergunakan kembali. Minyak jenis inilah yangsaat sekarang dijual dan dikonsumsi oleh rumahtangga miskin di Indonesia.

Briefing Paper

Biofuel for machine,JelantahOil 2 for human

Starting from 1 June 2007 the oil price in themarket should have been reached Rp6,500-Rp6,800 per kilogram. Directorate General

for Processing and Marketing the AgriculturalProduct (P2HP), Djoko Said Damardjati

when he opens Agro and Food Expo 2007.

The first weekin June haspassed, butthe cooking oilin the

domesticmarket

(Indonesia) does not go down, even moreand more increases. Various attempts areconducted by the government, fromspreading out the Market Operation toexpressing the policy on Domestic MarketObligation (DMO) which is poured out in theDecree of Ministry of Agriculture Number 339in 2007. Domestic Market Obligation policy isexpected to be able to stabilize the domesticcooking oil price (Indonesia), because thispolicy requires the entrepreneurs of CPO forpaying CPO to be processed into the cookingoil for maintaining the stability of cooking oilprice in Indonesia. But no attempt succeeds,even the cooking oil price should jump upuntil reaches the highest rate i.e.Rp9.000/kg. And the most serious conditionis the village like in Tebo district, JambiProvince, the cooking oil price reaches

10,000/kg (Jambi Ekspres Daily, 4 June2007), besides this district is an oil palmplantation center area in Jambi Province.

2 Jelantah Oil is the oil which has been used forcooking, it is then reused. This kind of oil at themoment is sold and consumed by the poorhousehold in Indonesia.


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Strategi pemerintah dengan menggelarOperasi Pasar, ternyata tidak membanturakyat, karena selisih harga minyak gorengantara harga pasar dengan harga OperasiPasar hanya berbeda Rp 200 per kilogram

saja. Strategi pemerintah melalui DomesticMarket Obligation (DMO) ternyata juga takberarti apa-apa, karena ternyata banyakperusahaan yang mengingkari perjanjiandengan pihak pemerintah. Contoh kasus diPropinsi Riau, sekitar 18 perusahaan tidakkunjung mengirimkan CPO ke pabrikpengolah untuk diproduksi menjadi minyakgoreng (HarianRiau Pos, 07 Juni 2007). Jikadalam skala regional saja, misalnya regionSumatera, perusahaan lebih tertarik menjual

CPO kepasar luar negeri ketimbang harusmenjualnya dengan harga murah dipasardalam negeri, apalagi dalam skala nasional,tentu saja perusahaan akan tertarik untuk

juga melakukan ekspor (menjual CPO kepasar internasional).

Ketidak berhasilan kebijakan strategi DMOtidak hanya dipicu karena lemahnya kontrolpemerintah terhadap pengusaha-pengusahaperkebunan kelapa sawit yang notabeneberoperasi diwilayah Indonesia, tapi jugakegagalan pemerintah melakukan negoisasiharga dengan pihak pengusah --- pengusahameminta pemerintah memberikan subsidiharga untuk CPO yang mereka jual di pasardomestic (Indonesia).

The example of Jelantah Oil

The government strategy by spreading outthe Market Operation apparently does nothelp the people, because the difference ofcooking oil price between market price withMarket Operation price is only different of

Rp200 per kilogram. The governmentstrategy through Domestic Market Obligation(DMO) apparently means nothing, becauseapparently a lot of companies disavow theagreement with the government. Casesample in Riau Province, around 18companies never send CPO to theprocessing factory to be produced to becomethe cooking oil (Riau Pos Daily, 07 June2007). If in the regional scale, such asSumatra region, the company is more

interested in selling CPO to the abroadmarket than it should sell with the cheapprice to the domestic price, moreover in thenational scale, of course the company will beinterested in conducting the export (sellingCPO to the international market).

The unsuccessful of policy of DMO strategyis not only triggered, because it is theweakness of government control toward theoil palm plantation entrepreneurs whichoperates in Indonesian area, but also thegovernment failure to conduct the pricenegotiation with the entrepreneur party --- theentrepreneur asks the government to givethe price subsidy for CPO which they sell inthe domestic market (Indonesia).

The example of Cooking oil


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Harga minyak sawit dunia terus merangkaknaik dari 740 dollar AS per ton dibulan Mei,naik menjadi 870 dollar AS per ton di bulanJuni (Liputan 6 SCTV 10 Juni 2007).Kenaikan harga ini dipicu dengan permintaan

di pasar luar negeri akan CPO sebagaibahan bakar Biofuel (lihat Position paperSETARA Jambi dalam Indonesia under BiofuelFever: Food, Fuel, Machine, Human Being notdifferent 24 Mei 2007).

Dampak dari tingginya harga minyak goreng,yang menjadi salah satu dari sembilan bahanpokok ini, telah menggerogoti kehidupanrakyat miskin, tidak hanya pendapatanekonomi mereka, tetapi juga kesehatannya.Berikut beberapa dampak yang muncul

akibat kenaikan harga minyak goreng diIndonesia akibat demam biofuel :1. Industri kecil (home industry), seperti

industri kerupuk, tempe dan tahu goreng,banyak yang mulai serta telah bangkrut.

2. Masyarakat miskin tidak mampumembeli minyak goreng kelapa sawitberalih membeli minyak goreng oplosanatau minyak goreng jelantah, yang jauhdari standar kesehatan, bahkan bisamemperburuk kesehatan.

3. Beberapa penjual minyak gorengmencampur minyak jelantah denganbahan kimia seperti Hidrogen (H2O2),guna tetap mempertahankanpendapatannya (Liputan InvestigasiSCTV 10 Juni 2007). Pencampurandengan bahan kimia ini memang bisamenjernihkan warna minyak jelantah,tetapi diyakini mempunyai dampaknegative buat kesehatan.

The world palm oil price continuously makesslow progress to increase from US$740 perton in May, which is increasing to US$i870per ton in June (Liputan 6 SCTV 10 June2007). The price increase is triggered with

the demand in the abroad market which willbe CPO as Biofuel (see Position paperSETARA Jambi in Indonesia under BiofuelFever: Food, Fuel, Machine, Human Being notdifferent 24 May 2007).

The impact of the high of cooking oil price,which becomes one of nine staple foods, hasundermined the life of poor people, not onlytheir economic income, but also their health.The following are some impacts whichappear due to the increase of cooking oil

price in Indonesia, due to biofuel fever:1. The home industry, like fried chips,

fermented soybean cake, and tofu, startsand has been bankrupt.

2. The poor community cannot purchasepalm cooking oil to change into buyoplosan cooking oil or cooking oil whichhas been used for cooking and will bereused, which is far from the healthstandard, even makes worse the health.

3. Some cooking oil sellers mix the oilwhich has been used for cooking and willbe reused with chemical such asHydrogen (H2O2), for keepingmaintaining their incomes (LiputanInvestigasi SCTV 10 June 2007). Themixing with chemical indeed can clear upthe color for oil which has been used forcooking and will be reused it is believedto have the negative impact for health.


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Maka, kembali kami menyerukan :1. mendesak pemerintah segera

mengefektifkan DMO tanpa subsiditerselubung, yang akhirnya merugikanrakyat lainnya, seperti petani kelapa

sawit. Artinya, kewajiban perusahaanuntuk menyetorkan CPO untuk diolahmenjadi minyak kelapa sawit bagimenstabilkan harga dalam negeri adalahmenjadi kewajiban dan tanggung jawabbagi semua pengusaha yang beroperasidiwilayah Indonesia, dalam hal ini jugatermasuk perusahaan-perusahaanMalaysia.

2. tidak menyerahkan dinamika harga CPOsepenuhnya kepada mekanisme pasar,

pemerintah Indonesia haruslah menjadipemegang kendali harga, karenaIndonesia adalah salah satu pemainminyak sawit dalam pasar global.

3. menyerukan kepada masyarakatkonsumen minyak sawit dari Indonesia,terutama untuk konsumsi kebutuhanenergi alternative agar melakukankontrol terhadap kebijakan energialternative mereka, agar tidak menjadibumerang kebijakan yang menimbulkansituasi buruk bagi negara produsen,seperti Indonesia.

Akhirnya, kami menyatakan kepadamasyarakat Internasional, kami tidak inginkomitmen masyarakat dunia untukmemampas kemiskinan danmeningkatkan standar kesehatan sesuaidengan agenda Multi Development Goalsmenjadi mimpi buruk akibat kebijakanenergi alternative negarakonsumen/negara kaya, karena faktanyarakyat Indonesia sekarangmengkonsumsi minyak jelantah yangberbahaya bagi kesehatan dan menjadilebih berat beban hidup akibat kenaikanharga minyak goreng!

Thus, again we call:1. and urge the government to make DMO

to be effective without covered subsidy,which finally inflicts a financial loss ofother people, like oil palm farmer.

Meaning, the company obligation to payCPO to be processed into the palm oil forstabilizing the domestic price is theobligation and responsibility for allentrepreneurs operating in Indonesiaarea, in this case also includingMalaysian companies.

2. and do not fully hand CPO price dynamicover to the market mechanism, theIndonesian government should becomethe price control holder, because

Indonesia is one of the palm oil playersin the global market.3. to the consumer society of oil palm from

Indonesia, mainly for the consumption ofalternative energy need in order toconduct the control toward theiralternative energy policy, in order to notto become the policy boomerang whichcauses the bad situation for producercountry, like Indonesia.

At last, we state to the Internationalcommunity, we do not want the worldcommunity commitment to carry away thepoverty and increase the health standardin accord with the agenda of MultiDevelopment Goals (MDGs) to becomethe nightmare due to the policy ofconsumer alternative energy/rich country,because the fact is that the people ofIndonesia currently consume the oil thathas been used for frying and will bereused which is dangerous for health andit becomes heavier living load due to theincrease of cooking oi l price!


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SETARA adalah Non GovernmentOrganisation (NGO) yang berbasis diPropinsi Jambi, Sumatera, Indonesia.

Organisasi ini fokus bekerja untuk isuplantation, energy alternative, confli ctresolution, partnership system

dan International Finance Institution (IFI).Didiri kan pada tahun 2007 oleh beberapa

aktivis lingkungan dan sosial.

Untuk Kontak :

Rukaiyah Rofiq : [email protected]

Rivani Noor : [email protected]

SETARA is a Non GovernmentOrganization (NGO) based in JambiProvince, Sumatra, Indonesia. This

organization focuses on the working forplantation issue, energy alternative,conflict resolution, partnership system

and International Finance Institution (IFI).Found in 2007 by some environment and

social activists.

For Being Contacted:

Rukaiyah Rofiq : [email protected]

Rivani Noor : [email protected]
mailto:[email protected]:[email protected]:[email protected]:[email protected]


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Briefieng Paper.english and Indonesia