Brinjal

Uttan Krishi Sanshodhan Sanstha

E education programme

Brinjal

2/07/2010 UKSS_E-education _BRINJAL_12August2010_ver0.1 1

Certificate

• Project complied by : Ms.Sangita S. Holmukhe• Content certified by :1) Mr.B.J.Bhave Head of

Horticulture Dept.

Dr.BSKKV,Dapoli• Project approved by :Mrs. Anagha K . Mandavkar• IT version &Online Copy : Ms. Sangita S. Holmukhe

222/07/2010 2UKSS_E-education _BRINJAL_12August2010_ver0.1

Disclaimer: The information and data published is collected by our students & Collated by Teachers of KKTV. The information contained has been reviewed by professionals with the knowledge required to validate that the data is accurate, complete, or reliable. No Lab test has been conducted on the data herewith . UKSS or any of its subsidiary advises user to verify the usage before using the same. This information is purely for informational purposes.

Brinjal

Common Name: Baigan / Wangi English Name: Brinjal Botanical Name: Solanum melongena Family : Solanaci

Keshavsrushti farm


Botany Sections

Developed Brinjal

Two- four leaf spiraling Spiraling of flower

Keshavsrushti farm


Varieties in Konkan region: ABH 2, Pusa bindu, Vaishali, Pusa Hybrid 9, Pusa kranti ,Pusa purple long, Pusa Upkar, Pusa Uttam …etc.

Varieties in UKSS region: Manjri Gota Mainly Grown in: Asian countries

Keshavsrushti: Manjri Gota


Nutritional value

White Brinjal medicinally used for the Diabetic patient.

Nutrient Percentage

Water 93

Carbohydrate

4.0

Fiber 1.3

Calcium 0.018

Nutrient Percentage

Energy 24

Protin 1.4

Fats 0.3

Minerals 0.3

Phosphorus 0.047Iron 0.009

Sulphur 0.044Sodium 0.003

Magnesium 0.016Potassium 0.2

Clorin 0.052

Oxalic acid 0.018 Vit.A 124 I.U

Vit.C 0.012


Planting SeasonsIt can be grown in plains throughout

the year but rabi season is the best. Rainy Season - June - JulyWinter Season -October- NovemberSummer Season - February - March

Brinjal plants

Keshavsrushti farm


Cultivation Seeds and Sowing 650 g/ha or nursery of 25-30 beds of the size 1x4 m would be

adequate to transplant one hectare. The seedlings with 3-4 leaves which are approximately 30-35

days old should be transplanted with a spacing of 50x50cm. Or 75x50cm.

Planting requirements The seeds are sown in well-prepared nursery-bed and the

seedlings of about 15cm high are ready for transplanting in 4 to 5 weeks.

About 200 to 300g of hybrid seeds are sufficient to raise seedlings needed for planting one hectare.

The Brinjal seed is light in weight with the germination of 75 to 80%.

The land should be deeply dug and well prepared before the seedlings are transplanted.

Usually there is less mortality in the transplanted seedlings, which are placed 50 to 75cm in the rows and 90cm apart rows either in the plain beds or on ridges.


Preparation Of Main Field

• Fields which are previously used for Potato, Tomato, Chilly and Tobacco are not suitable for Brinjal cultivation.

• The field is ploughed three or four times and leveled properly.

• At the last ploughing 20-25 tonnes of farmyard manure, 10 kg carbofuran granules or 200 kg neem cake has to be applied.

• Ridges and furrows are formed at a spacing of 60 cm.


Seed treatment

Seed treatment with biofertilizerThe seeds required for one hectare can be mixed with

required quantity of rice Kanji just to have a thin coating. Then 100-200 g. of Azospirillum culture can be sprinkled

over this and stirred thoroughly by a stick. The treated seeds are dried in shade for 30 minutes and

then sown sparsely along the lines in ½ cm depth and then covered by the topsoil.

To protect the seeds from heavy rains, a thin layer of straw or dried grass is used to covers the seedbeds.

Seeds should be treated with Captan or Thiram @ 3g/Kg seed against seed transmitted diseases.

Seeds should be sown either in the morning or evening, preferably at cloudy days.


Nutrient Management

• Brinjal being a long duration crop, requires a good amount of manures and fertilizers for high yield.

• The nutrient requirement for varieties is 100:50:50 kg NPK/ha and for hybrids it is 200:75:75 kg NPK/ha.


Application of fertilizer Basal dressing Fifty per cent of the N is applied along with full dose of P and K

as basal dressing just before planting as noted below. 50 kg of Nitrogen (110 kg of Urea)/ha. 50 kg of Phosphorus (313 kg of Super Phosphate)/ha. 50 kg of Potash (80 kg of Muriate of Potash)/ha. Top dressing Thirty days after transplanting, the remaining 50% nitrogen (N)

is applied in the form of urea 110 kg, as a band application 5-10 cm away from the plants and mixed with the soil.

Immediately, the plants are earthed up and irrigated. Different sources of inorganic fertilizers are indicated in Table. NPK at 300:50:90 Kg/ha and 75x 60cm spacing is found

optimum for PLR 1 Brinjal. Annamalai Brinjal responding well for ratooning with yield

potential of 63% of the main crop with in 100-110 days and with a fertilizer dose of 75:25:30Kg. NPK/ha plus Azospirillum and phosphobacteria each 2Kg/ha.


Transplanting

The transplanting is done in small flat beds in light soils where irrigation is available and on shoulders in shallow furrow where irrigation water is scanty.

In heavy soil it is usually transplanted on ridges and during the rains also it is advantageous to plant the seedlings on ridges.

The seedlings are planted in the furrows at a spacing of 30 cm and the plant is allowed to spread on the broad ridge.


Pest and Diseases Shoot And Fruit Borer: Leucinodes orbonalis • Symptoms: Damaged flower buds are shed and fruits show

circular holes. • The large holes seen on fruits are usually the exit holes of the

caterpillars.• Controls: Removal and destruction of withered and dried

shoots help in arresting the spread of the pest.• Avoid ratooning of brinjal crop, since woody stem is preferred

by the larva. • Spray Endosulphan @2ml/litre of water or Quinolphose 2ml or

Carbaryl 3g/litre of water.

continues


Leafhoppers : Empoasca devastans • Symptoms curling up, followed by the yellowing of the margins

of leaves, • Control measures• Spraying of systemic insecticides like Monocrotophos or

Phasphomidon or Dimethoate @ of 2ml/litre of water is very effective. Repeat it 2 to 3 times at the interval of 10 days.

• Spraying 0.3 percent malathion has given very satisfactory results against adults and nymphs.

• Apply recommended doses of Nitrogenous fertilizers.

continues


Cercospora Leaf Spot (Cercospora solani -melongenae, C. Solani)

• Symptoms: Leaf spot symptoms• Controls: Spraying of systemic insecticides like

Monocrotophos or Phasphomidon or Dimethoate @ of 2ml/litre of water is very effective. Repeat it 2 to 3 times at the interval of 10 days.

Young plant affected with little leaf: Pbytoplasma sp. • symptoms: small or little leaves.• Controls:• Pusa Purple Round is tolerant to little leaf. • The severity of the disease can be reduced by destruction of

affected plants and spraying of insecticides like Methyl demeton 1 ml/litre or Malathion 3 ml/litre of water.


Harvesting• Immature, the fruits are harvested when they reach

marketable size. • Before it fully ripens, it should be allowed to attain a good

size and outside color glossy purple. • Its surface should not lose its bright and glossy

appearance. • At harvesting, the calyx and stem-end are left attached to

the fruit. • Large, round varieties should be handled with care. • Fruits can be harvested up until the first frost and should

be picked as they mature to ensure continued fruit set. • The harvesting starts from 50th day onwards • first phase : Continues for 50 days in the• Second phase : after 20-25 days if adequate nutrition and

irrigation are provided. • The calyx is purple blue and is soft and edible too • Depending on the variety and the season: 250 to 400q./

ha.


Post Harvest Technology Packaging:- Neatly packed in the plastic bags and put into plastic

crate - Usually the fruits are packed in baskets for the markets.

Products: - Preparation of Bhaji- Preparation of mung -Baigan vada Prepared parathaPreparation of bharit

Keshavsrushti produce


General information

• The size of the fruit reduces during the summer. • Over mature fruits are spongy and seedy. • Loss of their glossy color and dark colored

seeds are signs of over maturity.• Harvesting is done by hand; the fruits are cut

from the vines, with the calyx, or cap, and a short piece of stem left attached to each fruit.

• The crop can be removed after 110 days if the 2nd flush is not desired, otherwise it can be retained for 150-160 days.


Documents

Brinjal