Health & Safety Awareness.

WELCOME.FEDERATION OF PILING SPECIALISTS

Health & Safety LawHealth & Safety at Work Act 1974 (HASAWA) Sections 2, 3, 6, 7, 8, 9.Section 20 Powers of InspectorsSections 21 and 22 NoticesList of Relevant Regulations

Health & Safety Law

CRIMINAL - Offence against society and the state CIVIL - Relationships between individuals

Health & Safety LawRequirements

AbsoluteSo far as is practicableSo far as is reasonably practicable

Health & Safety LawHASAWA 74 - Section 2Employer - So far as reasonably practicableHealth, Safety, Welfare of their employees, particularly :a.Provide and maintain Plant and Systems of work that are safe and without risks to healthb.Arrange safe use, handling, storage and transport of machinery, equipment and substances

Health & Safety LawHASAWA 74 - Section 2 Cont.c.Provide necessary Information, Instruction, Training, Supervisiond.Provide and maintain safe place of work and access and egresse.Provide and maintain working environment and adequate welfare facilities

Health & Safety LawHASAWA 74 - Section 3

Employers Duties to Non-EmployeesSub-ContractorsSelf EmployedGeneral Public

DESIGNERS, MANUFACTURERS & IMPORTERS OF WORK EQT.Ensure that equipment is safe, and without risks to health while being used, cleaned or maintained in the workplace.

Arrange testing and examination as may be necessary.

Health & Safety LawHASAWA 74 - Sections 7-8Duties of EmployeesSection 7 - Take care of himself?? and others who may be affected by their acts or omissionsCo-operate with employerSection 8 - Not to intentionally or recklessly interfere with anything provided in the interests of Health & Safety

Health & Safety LawHASAWA 74 - Section 9

An Employer is not allowed to charge his employees for anything done or provided for Health & Safety purposes

Health & Safety LawHASAWA 74 - Section 20Powers of Inspectors

Enter PremisesTake measurements, photographsTake statementsTake possession of plant and equipmentTake books and documentsDo anything else, in order they can carry out their statutory duties

Health & Safety LawHASAWA 74 - Sections 21-22

Section 21 - Improvement NoticeSection 22 - Prohibition NoticeSection 24 - Appeals

Health & Safety LawRelevant Regulations

Management of Health & Safety at Work Regulations 99C.O.S.H.H. Regulations 02Noise Regulations 89Construction (HSW) Regulations 96Manual Handling Regulations 92PUWER Regulations 98LOLER Regulations 98Construction Head Protection Regulations 89PPE Regulations 92

Principles of Risk AssessmentThe Management of Health & Safety at Work Regulations 1992Regulation 3 - This regulation requires employers and self employed to make a suitable and sufficient assessment of the risks to their workers and others who may be affected by their undertakingsIf more than five employed, assessment is to be recorded

Principles of Risk AssessmentPurpose

To identify hazards so that the risk can be:--Eliminated-Reduced to an acceptable level with determined controls for residual risk-Communicated

Principles of Risk AssessmentHAZARD-Potential to cause harmRISK-When the hazard potential is realisedRISK EVALUATION-Probability, severity and number of persons

Principles of Risk AssessmentIdentify HazardsEvaluate RiskEstablish Controls - Preventative/ ProtectiveBriefMonitorReview

Accident.Accident / Near Miss Reporting

Accident.An undesired event that results in :Harm to peopleDamage to propertyLoss to processEnvironmental damage

Near Miss. An undesired event which under slightly different circumstances could have resulted in :Harm to peopleDamage to propertyLoss to processEnvironmental damage

Reporting ProcedureAccident Accident book (BI 510)SAF 13 Personal Injury Internal ReportSAF/PRO-1 Accident/Incident/Near Miss InvestigationSAF 16 Tool Box Talk etc.Now has Near Miss report section

SOME TYPICAL INJURIES

LOOK AWAY IF YOURE SQUEAMISH

Work Related InjuriesCause ? =4`` Angle Grinder

Work Related InjuriesCause ? =Stihl Saw

Work Related InjuriesCause ? =4`` Angle Grinder

Work Related InjuriesCause ? =Bone Infection from standing on a nail (which was not treated)

Reporting accidents.Report all accidentsMinor accidents could become seriousRecord in the accident bookIf you do not record it - it has not happenedIt can be investigated

Purpose of Accident Investigation.To find out what happened

To prevent a re-occurrence

OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH

Occupational Health5 KEY AREASCOSHHNOISEV.W.F.MANUAL HANDLINGP.P.E.

Occupational HealthControlOfSubstancesHazardous toHealth

C.O.S.H.H.

Occupational HealthC.O.S.H.H.

IdentifyAssessControlMonitorBriefings

Noise at WorkRegulations 2006

Occupational HealthCONTROL OF NOISE AT WORK REGULATIONSAction levels80 dB(A)85 dB(A)

ANATOMY OF THE INNER EAR

Occupational HealthVIDEONoise SafetyEssentials

Occupational HealthManual Handling Regulations 1992

Duties of Employers

Assess AvoidTrain

Occupational HealthVideo

Manual handling

OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH VWFWhat is it?How is it caused?Can it be prevented?Is it curable?Vibration White Finger

3 phases -White to Blue to Red

Clear Demarcation

Gangrene is rare

VIDEOHARD TO HANDLE

VIDEOHARD TO HANDLE

Occupational HealthPersonal Protective EquipmentSuitabilityCompatibilityMaintenanceReport defectsWear / fit it properly

WORK AT HEIGHT

Working at HeightHierarchy of controls to prevent falls from

ScaffoldingMobile Alloy TowerMast Elevated Work Platform (MEWP)LaddersFall Arrest

Working at Height

VIDEOHead for Heights

Working at HeightLadders

Should only be used for short duration work where the user can maintain a three point contactMust to the BS and in good conditionLadders to have means of identificationLadders visually inspected before and during useLadders inspected frequently, thoroughly examined every 3 months Used at the right angle, tied or footed and with regard to overhead obstructions

Working at HeightFall Arrest Equipment

Only full body harness to BS EN 361 to be usedSuitable anchorage points to be usedEach harness to be clearly identifiedInspection by the user weekly and recordedThorough examination by a competent person every 3 months Operatives trained in the use and visual inspection

OVERHEAD/UNDERGROUND SERVICES

Electrical Safety.Electrical Danger

Contact with electricity can cause :-ventricular fibrillation ( stops the heart )internal organ damagesevere burnsloss of limbsDEATH..

Electrical Safety.Overhead Services

Locate during daylight hoursIsolate if possiblePlant selectionUse Restriction devices

VIDEO

Check it out before you dig it out

Electrical Safety.Underground servicesRequest service drawings\ informationCarry out visual surveyCat scan the areaPhysically mark the servicesHand dig to locate

Avoidance of servicesPrior to commencement of work

Permit to Work

Permit to Dig (Pile)

FIRE

Fire Fighting EquipmentNow all new fire extinguishers are Red in colour, 5% of the body can be covered with U.K. colour code

Red-WaterCream-FoamBlue-Dry PowderBlack-Carbon Dioxide Maintenance/Records

Training and Instruction

Fire ControlsFire Procedures (Hot Works Permit/Fire Plan)Building Designs (Including Temporary Buildings)Fire escapesFire protection equipmentEmergency plansTrainingDesignated WardensMonitoring ProceduresHousekeepingSite Rules (No Smoking)Electric InspectionsUse of non-flammable materials

Know Your GasesOxygen Not flammable, supports combustion, black cylinder. Acetylene Flammable, garlic smell, lighter than air, maroon cylinder.

Propane Flammable, fishy smell, heavier than air, red cylinder.

Know Your GasesStorage- VentilationUpright Secure No combustible materialNo SmokingSegregateFire Extinguisher Signs

Know Your GasesUse Equipment in good condition Always use cylinders outside store F.B. Arrestors Purge and Lighting Procedure Close cylinder valves Fuel gas cylinder upright

Know Your Gases

Transport-workshop/yard/site Use a trolleyRoad Transport Safety Data Sheets Check for leaks Open or ventilated vehicle Fire extinguisher No Smoking Unload as soon as possible

Fire & Gas Safety

Modified Toyota Pick-up

Excavations

Excavations Working HazardsFallsTripsNoiseContaminationThird Parties

Confined SpacesConfined Spaces Regulations 1997

Reg 1 Meaning of a Confined Space.Any area with limited access where gases, vapours and physical hazards can threaten safety.

Confined Spaces.Reg 4 In every situation measures must be taken to undertake the work without entering the space.

If it is not reasonable to avoid entering the space to do the work, it must be ensured a safe system of work is in place.

Confined Spaces.Common types of Confined Spaces

Ducts, Vessels, Culverts, Tunnels, Boreholes, Bored Piles, Manholes, Shafts, Excavations, Sumps, Inspection Pits, Cofferdams, Tanks, Silos, Cellars, Enclosed Rooms, etc.

Confined SpacesPhysical HazardsTemperatureNoiseEngulfmentWet SurfacesFalling ObjectsAtmospheric HazardsToxic GasesExplosive GasesFlammable GasesOxygen DeficiencyOxygen Enrichment

Confined SpacesTrainingAwareness of regsUnderstanding of the workAwareness of the hazardsUnderstanding safe system of workEmergency arrangementsUse of equipment

Permit to EnterWhat work is to be doneExact LocationArea is checked for gasSpecial InstructionsDate\Time\ Expiry\ Completion of work

PUWER 98Provision & Use of Work Equipment Regulations

PUWER 98First introduced in 1992Amended and revised in Dec. 1998Main changes ROPS and FOPSRestraintDefinition of use

PUWER 98What is work equipment ?

Lifting equipment.Machines mobile and static.Laboratory equipment.Small tools.Miscellaneous equipment.Installations.

PUWER 98Suitability of work equipmentIntended purpose or useWorking conditionsMust not put workers at riskSubstances and products can be removed safelyOnly used for work it is designed for

PUWER 98Maintenance and Inspection

Certificates, schedules, frequenciesInspection requirementsCompetency of inspectorRecords of inspections

PUWER 98Information and Instruction

Training Basic RequirementsUsersSupervisors

PUWER 98Recent impact of PUWERegsAuger cleanersGuarding Mini rigs

LOLER 98Lifting Operations & Lifting Equipment Regulations

LOLER 98LOLER - Key Definitions Lifting Equipment & AccessoriesEquipment - lifting and lowering loads i.e. Crane

Accessories device between the lifting equipment and the load e.g. Chains

LOLER 98Examples of Lifting EquipmentCranesExcavatorsPiling RigsLorry LoaderFork Lift TruckAll People Carriers

LOLER 98ASLI / RCIPiling rigs dont usually have RCIs fittedTHEREFOREDuty charts need to be supplied in the machineEasy to understand by the operator

LOLER 98MarkingLifting Equipment and Accessories must be marked with Safe Working Load ( SWL ) And ID NoIf lifting with several items ,lowest SWL to be worked toEquipment for lifting persons to be specifically marked for lifting persons

LOLER 98Items that are not equipment or accessories but are covered by PUWERKelly BarsAugersVibratorsCasings CagesPile Load Tests

LOLER 98

Appointed Person (BS 7121)

Person appointed by the Piling Company as the competent person in overall control of the planning of the lift and MUST produce a lift plan.

LOLER 98Crane Supervisor

In charge of routine lifting operationsMust have the training and experience to supervise the task safelyResponsible for ensuring plan is adhered to on site and MUST communicate any changes to the AP !

LOLER 98Slinger SignallerTrained and competentCan be the most important role during lifting operations on site*Only one s/s to give signalsCrane operatorResponsible for the safe operation of the crane*Only take signals from one s/s

LOLER 98Organisation of lifting operationsLift plan put together or approved by Appointed PersonDescribes what has to be doneAddresses specific risks (power lines, services etc)States level of training required (if any)Choice of correct lifting equipment (size of crane)Choice of correct lifting accessoriesLocation/position of lifting equipment - slew clearanceThird party - protection

LOLER 98Control of the LoadCorrect choice of accessories i.e. barrel clamps on 45 gallon drums Correct slinging method i.e. set of brothers at 90 angleControl the lift by tag lines if where ever possibleChoose a clear route for the load when hoisted and keep the load as low as possibleUse the correct and clear signals

PILING OPERATIONS

PLANT AWARENESS

PILING OPERATIONSMain considerationsPlatformsMovement of PlantGuardingCleaningHigh Pressure Systems

WORKING PLATFORMS

A key safety issuePILING OPERATIONS

PlatformsOne third of dangerous occurrences reported by FPS Members are platform related

PlatformsWorking Platforms

CertificateProperly constructedDesigned to loadingsLoadings provided to PC by BSLPC should maintain during piling works

Platforms

Whos gunna tell Tucker?

Platforms

Platforms

Working Platforms for plant: A Safety Critical Process

Piling Platforms

Movement of Plant & MachineryDeliveries e.g. Concrete, SteelRigs & CranesSite DumpersExcavatorsForklifts & Tele-handlers

Movement of Plant & MachineryMain HazardsReversingSlewingRestricted Operator VisibilityUnclear/Inadequate traffic routes

Movement of Plant & MachineryBanksman Segregation (exclusion zones)Piling PlatformVisibility/Reversing AidsTraffic Management

Guarding-Exclusion zone

Guarding - physical

Auger Cleaning

Cleaning - star

High Pressure SystemsConcrete (T Pieces)AirHydraulicWater

High Pressure SystemsMain Hazards

BurstingPoor JointsInternal Wear (thinning)Snagging/RupturesStretching

High Pressure SystemsSafe PracticeCorrect couplings/jointsUse Whip ChecksInspection and pre-use checksExamination and testing regimeIdentification and traceability?HosesJointsPipe Clamps

High Pressure Systems

FEDERATION OF PILING SPECIALISTSTHANK YOU

Have a safe journey

** Aims and Objectives of the Course* Advise on no smoking policy* Advise on fire alarm \ drill* Advise on location of toilets* Switch off any mobiles * Run through programme of course* Introductions - Get delegates to introduce themselves, how long with the company, previous safety training, etc.**HASAWA Section 2 - Duties of Employers to their EmployeesSection 3 - Duties of Employers to persons other than their EmployeesSections 7&8 - Duties of EmployeesSection 9 - No ChargeSection 21 - Improvement NoticeSection 22 - Prohibition NoticeAll of these will be explained individually.*CRIMINAL - All workplace legislation is statutory and therefore the offence is criminal.CIVIL - Also known as the Law of Tort - deals with individual disputes, slander, claims for compensation, contracts etc.This module only looks at the Criminal Law.

*ABSOLUTE - THOU SHALL DOSO FAR AS IS PRACTICABLE - If it can be done (if technically possible), it shall be doneSO FAR AS IS REASONABLY PRACTICABLE - Is a balance of the level of risk and the time and expense to eliminate or reduce the risk. Obviously, high risk is unacceptable, whatever the cost. This is the requirement which features in all modern legislation including HASAWA 74. The other two requirements are quite rare and appear in the older legislation such as Factories Acts etc.Some of the new European regulations are saying SHOULD or MUST*Health and Safety at Work Act 1974 is an enabling act. It enables past and indeed future legislation to fit somewhere within it.So far as is reasonably practicable - In any criminal proceedings under the Act, the onus is placed on the accused to prove that it was not reasonably practicable to do more than was done.**Employers have a duty so far as is reasonably practicable to ensure that persons not in their employ are not affected by work activities.In a similar way, sub-contractors and the self employed must undertake their work in such a way not to create risks to the health and safety of others.**Section 7 - Taking care of yourselves and others by your acts (what you do) is fairly straightforward. Your omissions (what you do not do) is not quite so easy.If you omit to do something, you condone it. Therefore, if you see a safety problem you should report it. By doing this, you are also cooperating with the employer who has very onerous duties under this act.Section 8 - Interfering with something provided for your safety - example - letting off a fire extinguisher.**The Health and Safety Executive work out of 21 area offices.The above list of Powers is not exhaustive. They have, in fact, more power than the police, in that they can enforce entry into any work premises.They can also seize and render harmless any equipment or substance that could cause immediate personal injury.They work under the guidance of a Principal Inspector in each area office and they prepare their own prosecution cases.*Section 21 - If an Inspector is of the opinion that a contravention of a statutory provision has taken place, he can issue an improvement notice requiring that necessary action is taken to remedy the situation within a specific period.Section 22 - If an Inspector is of the opinion that there is a serious risk of injury, he will stop the activity until it is safe.Section 24 - Appeals to be made to an industrial tribunal within 21 days.In the case of an improvement notice, the notice is automatically suspended.In the case of a prohibition notice, the notice stays on until after the appeal.*Management Regulations deal with Risk Assessment which will be covered in detail and also highlighted throughout the modules.Parts of the appropriate regulations will be discussed through the individual modules.* Five persons or more employed by the whole company, not just of one group of workers.* The best method of controlling risk is to eliminate it completely. If this cannot be done, reduce it to an acceptable level; any risks left should be reduced to a low level by suitable controls. Both the residual risks and controls need to be communicated to those doing the work and to anyone who could be affected by the works i.e. other contractors, members of the public.* Hazard - explain that there should be numerous hazards recognised of differing risk potential. To evaluate the risk the hazards pose, it has to be assessed as to how probable for the risk to cause injury, how severe the injury would be and how many people could be involved.* As with all modern legislation, Risk Assessment is the main requirement and the logic of risk assessment is as above. Identify hazards - list all hazards identified Evaluate Risk Severity, Likelihood of Risk = RISK, High, Medium or Low Establish controls-PreventativeProtectiveEliminateSafe System of WorkSubstituteWritten ProceduresEncloseSupervisionGuardTrainingSegregateInformation/InstructionPPE Monitor by regular inspections Review after accidents/incidents or reports of Unsafe Conditions***Ask What is an accident?* Undesired, unplanned event that causes a loss.* Not confined to injury.* Damage to plant, equipment, materials, etc.* Loss to the process, through not having people\ equipment available to continue the work.* Environmental damage - water pollution. Loss of flora, fauna, wildlife in area of damage. ** Explain; The difference between an accident and a near miss is the accident causes a loss and a near miss does not cause a loss.The only difference between the two events is usually luck.A near miss has the potential to become an accident if circumstances differ slightly. ******** Report all accidents and make sure they get recorded in the site accident book. Even minor accidents should be recorded as they could turn serious later. Remember if an accident is not reported in a reasonable time after it has occurred, then in legal terms, it has not happened.***There are 5 key areas as identified by the acetate, each will now be discussed briefly and separately.*The COSHH Regulations are the key controls for materials used at work.

Materials include, dusts, fumes, concrete, paints, oils etc. and expose can be from the material itself or the operation causing the dust/fumes.

All work where operatives are exposed, and are at risk must only be carried out when a COSHH Assessment is available and all controls are in operation.*As with all risk assessment this logic is used.

Identify what the material is Assess the material-sypol database over 5000 substances assessed generally Assessment highlights, the controls for the usages/storage/transport etc.. Monitor the controls to ensure they are working Formally brief the people using the materials in the risks and controls and record such briefings****These regulations set controls, through noise levels, to protect workers from exposure to noise.

Noise is measured in decibels dB - the A weighting is what the human ear hears

First action level 85 dB(A) states persons should be given the option of ear defenders.

Second Action Level 90dB(A) stated that wearing of ear defenders is mandatory, must be issued and enforce the wearing of them

Both levels are measured over an 8 hour period LEPD - Daily personal exposure level*** Running time 16 minutes*These regulations identify manual handling as any operation which includes lifting, pulling, pushing which places an individual at risk.* Avoid - Employers must try to avoid the need to manual handle in the first place, by using mechanical means, changing the method of work etc.*Assess - Risk assessment - Looking at the load, task,person undertaking the lift and the environment* Train - train all employees on kinetic lifting techniques**What is it - Damage to nerves and blood supply to fingers- Over a period of time the fingers turn white due to loss of blood supply- Loss of grip and ability to handle- Long term damage is substantial tissue loss and eventual loss of finger due to nercobiosis (dead tissue )*How is it caused - Use of vibration tools* Can it be prevented - YES - by tool selection, change method of work, job rotation,maintenance of tools, keeping warmIs it curable - NO - *Stage 3*Stage 2 *Ask What do you think caused these injuries? Answer HAVS, Vibration White finger Stage 5 gangrenous ** Running time 15 minutes** Must be the last resort!

**On site conditionsType of work to be carried outDuration of WorkRisk of erection of work platformsMaintenance of work platformsNumbers of persons using equipmentCan equipment be stabilisedCompetency of persons using equipment

*Statistically in the construction industry the majority of injuries are caused by falls.

Falls can be caused by

Inadequate ControlsInadequate EquipmentPersonal AttitudesLack of Competence of Supervisors and Operatives **BS 2037 class 1 Aluminium* BS 1129 class 1 Timber**Example of safe working using a platform to service a pile*Operative attached to harness which in turn is attached to a fall arrest block at the top of the rig**** Even a minor contact causing no electrical injury can cause a muscle spasm and injuries can then be caused by falling or dropping things etc.** The unfortunate victim in this slide was operating a road breaker which struck a high voltage underground cable

* He died 3 weeks later from his injuries** All overhead services to be located during daylight hours prior to any works taking place to ensure safe working clearances are observed.* Where isolation is sought and given by the service provider then any authorisation procedure from the service owner must be followed.* As a minimum signs will be placed warning of overhead services.* On long term contracts full protection ie goal posts etc. may have to be used following risk assessment.* Plant, such as cranes or excavators which have extendable parts which could reach overhead wires, should be fitted with physical restraints such as chains.*Note compressor under overhead cables, how did it get there? Looks like it could have been lifted in.*Obvious risk of wagon skip coming into contact with o/h power lines whilst raising body** Duration 20 minutes** At the start of each contract or upon receipt of a works order a request for service drawings should be made.* Carry out a visual survey of the area to locate items which may point to existence of services e,g, stopcocks, street furniture which requires power or communication cabling, buildings, phone boxes etc.* CAT scan the area to be excavated by a trained operator.* Physically mark the services in the area to be excavated by use of spray paint.* Hand dig to locate services using grafts or shovels. Do not use power tools or machines until the full line has been found.** Prior to starting work, we must have a written signed permit in place. **Use of extinguishers will be explained in Video.Fire fighting equipment should be inspected at least once a year by a competent person and records of inspection kept.Persons using fire fighting equipment must be trained in use of equipment.**Flip Chart Exercise Ask delegates for fire controls and list on flip chart. Feedback using this acetate.*This operative is wearing flame retardent overalls as a control measure to prevent him and his clothing catching light. Make sure whenever cutting/ grinding metal products that the sparks are not falling on to your clothing or you are wearing flame proof clothingAlways have a fire extinguisher in the area when undertaking Hot Work operations

**Preferably store outside in a secure cage.Segregate Oxygen from Gases and Full from Empty.Fire extinguisher in vicinity of storeRelevant signs.*Equipment in good condition secure connections, no leaks, hoses not wornNever use a cylinder in a store, greatly increases fire riskFlash Back arrestors must be used to prevent flame travelling back to the cylinderPurge and lighting procedure - ensure all equipment/hoses are purged after use and cylinder valves are fully closed.*Large cylinders are heavy and difficult to handle. Risk of Injury to back, hands feet. Use a trolley wherever possible.Road Transport - Safety data sheets to identify gases and hazards.The rest of the points are sensible precautions against fire/explosion.Vehicle marking is not required unless carrying 500 kg or moreThe next 3 slides show what can happen if we get it wrong!!!*This and the next slide depicts a fire in a subcontractors welding van which caught fire whilst on a site in Salford. There were a number of things which could have caused this, eventually it was put down to smoking materials which set fire to combustible materials in the van. This fire had major repercussions because a bottle of acetylene was involved. Because of this,an area of 200 metres around the bottle was evacuated by the fire brigade for a period of 24 hours. This cased the closure of the site, also a nearby rail line, roads in the vicinity, evacuation of 2 office blocks and the cordoning off of a car park with over 500 cars in. As a result of this the piling company involved now use propane for burning as the cooling off period is only 2 hours. A full all encompassing hot works permit was also produced***This is an incident in Newcastle. It happened on Monday the 29th of September 03. A fitter with a works van left an E size Oxygen and Acetylene cylinder on the back seat of a Toyota dual cab over the weekend. The Acetylene cylinder must not have fully closed and a small leak occurred.Over the weekend the Acetylene had accumulated in the van. On the Monday morning the fitter approached the van and opened the door, a large explosion took place. We believe the ignition could have been caused by either the internal light, the automatic door control or by a mobile phone which was on the front seat of the van. The fellow was also a smoker. He has damage to his ear drums and facial damage. As you can see by the attached photos he was very lucky.

**All the hazards listed are typical for working around and in excavations.

Falls-From height, access & fall of material position of spoil.

2.Trips-Housekeeping, waste material &cables

3.Noise-The work area may amplify thenoise because of the environment which will becomea) An occupational health riskb) A nuisance (environmental) hazard

*Photograph depicts a lightweight pile bore protection device used successfully on some sites. It can be rolled across site to each bore hole and when positioned, pinned in the ground to prevent any movement.*This photograph and the next one are of a bentonite lagoonAsk delegates what the hazards are on this slide and the next one**** It is usually possible to test the atmosphere or sample the contents of a confined space from outside the space by using long tools, probes etc.*Cleaning the space or removing residues from it can sometimes be done from outside using water jetting systems, steam or chemical cleaning or long tools.*Blockages can be cleared from outside by using remote operated flail devices, vibrators, air purgers, etc.*The use of CCTVs can be used for inspection purposes.

*Safe system of work.Risk Assessment, Permit to Enter.**Common toxic\ Flammable gases.

Carbon MonoxideAmmoniaChlorineHydrogen SulphideMethanePetroleum Spirit

**Awareness of regs.,- in particular the need to avoid entry unless the work cannot be reasonably done from outside the space.*Understanding of the work of the work to be undertaken, the hazards involved and the precautions to be taken.*Understanding of safe systems of work, in particular the permit to enter.*How emergencies arise and the need to follow prepared emergency procedure and the dangers of not doing so.*Use of equipment - Trained in the practical use of safety features of equipment, identification of defects and where appropriate practical exercises and demonstrations.Training in specific safety features may include any or all of the following;- gas monitoring equipment, breathing apparatus, escape sets,fall arrest equipment, other P.P.E. such as harnesses,etc.

***ROPS - roll over protection on mobile plant.*FOPS - Falling object protective structures on mobile plant.*Provision of seat belts may be required on mobile plant. Risk assessment will determine.*More information on ROPS,FOPS and restraint will be given later in this session.*Use in relation to work equipment means starting, stopping, programming, setting, transporting, repairing, modifying, maintaining, servicing and cleaning.**Lifting equipment such as hoists, cranes, cherry pickers.*Static plant such as benchsaws, compressors, generators.*Small tools such as hammers, screwdrivers.*Miscellaneous equipment such as ladders.trenchsheets.power tools.*An installation such as a series of machinery joined together such as a power station.**Employers duty to ensure that work equipment is used in the correct manner.*For its intended use.*For the working conditions.*User must not be placed at risk.*Substances can be removed safely ie. dusts or fumes.** Ensure that work equipment ie in good condition with a maintenance certificate where necessary ie for mechanical, electrical, air driven plant.*Ensure maintenance schedules\ frequencies are known and carried out.*Understand the inspection requirements.*Ensure the inspector is competent, this will depend on the type of equipment and the type of inspection.*Guidance in Regulation 6 gives an example of what a written record of inspection should include.

**Users where appropriate, should have available written instructions for the work equipment they are using.This could consist of a single sheet to a complete manual depending on the type of equipment.* Supervisors should also be aware of such written procedures on equipment in there control.

**To reduce the risk to anyone driving mobile plant that is liable to roll over 180 degrees ROPS should be fitted.*Where people are at risk of falling objects whilst driving mobile plant FOPS should be fitted.*Where injury may occur to drivers of mobile plant, if they should become trapped between machine and the ground during a 180 degree roll over - restraint systems such as a seat belt should be fitted.***** Automatic safe load indicators are now defined as rated capacity indicators*The minimum marked on lifting accessories should be SWL & ID.Any equipment used for lifting personnel should be tested every 6 months.*All of the above are covered by the PUWER regs and would be described under LOLER regs as the load******** Refer to FPS Guidance and literature*******Machine over as a result of poor ground conditions and a nearby excavation*As with most of these incidents, this was once again caused by poor ground conditions. Luckily no one was injured.*Explain FPS policy to have Safe Platform Certificates. This accident happened as a result of contractors not consolidating a service trench that had been dug and refilled. The piling contractor was not informed that the groundworks had took place. There were trains running at the time of this incident, fortunately the line was stopped and what could have been a major disaster was averted*A list of typical moving plant that piling operatives have to be aware of every day.Most accidents are as a result of reversing and/or poor visibility on large machines.Explain safe systems of work to manage traffic and movement of machinery on site and recent FPS initiatives*Reversing use of reversing aids such as banksmen, CCTV, Convex Mirrors, Movement Sensitive RadarSlewing maintain an exclusion zone to prevent entrapment or crushing (min. 600mm) Banksman to maintain area. Barriers to be erected if 600mm gap cannot be maintainedRestricted Operator Visibility FPS policy that no Piling Rig moves without the aid of a BanksmanInadequate Traffic Routes Most management contractors have not put their traffic management arrangements in place when Piling contractors are working. Try to stick to pre-designated walkways, establish haulage routes as soon as possible. Remember that most delivery drivers will be disorientated when they arrive on site and will need assistance.*Current safe system of work in use on most/all projects.Piling Platforms must be adequate to work on. All FPS members will require a Platform certificate prior to pulling Rigs on to work*Exclusion zone around the rig maintained by the rig banksman*Bull bars in use as a physical guard to prevent operatives getting close to the rotating auger. A 3 metre exclusion zone must be maintained around the rig, particularly in front of the auger when drilling. Banksmans responsibility*All effort must be made to remove spoil from the auger preventing lumps of clay etc. falling on the operatives below. Spoil must not be removed from the flights by hand or the use of spades. Pictured is one example of a mechanical cleaner.*****Correct couplings and whip checks must be used to prevent serious injury or death if separation occurs*