Building European Operational Capabilities

GMES

ESA plans linked to IGOLO. Arino, rome, 14 September 2004

• User process (100 + 100)

• Project now and in short term future

• Environmental convention (UNFCCC/Kyoto)

• GLOBCOVER

• ATSR/AATSR World Fire Atlas

• Global Monitoring for Food Security

• Operationalisation: GMES and the Sentinels

• IGOL perequation and topics

User requirementsconsolidation

ServiceDevelopment

User Group: shall devote, at least, 3 man/month of work to the project. This is formalised through letters of commitment (preparation phase).

EO data

Products

Service

Data access &ground truthing

Support to products validation

Serviceassessment

User Involvement during the Project

Projects name: KYOTOINV, GLOBWETLAND, DESERTWATCH, ALPINE

Usernames: UNFCCC, RAMSAR, UNCCD, , ALPINE CONVENTION, NPoCs

International Scientific Programs NGOs

National Governmental Ministries, Agencies

Environmental conventions

Intergovernmental Organisations

Projects name:GLOBCARBON, MEDSPIRATION, TEMIS, GLOBICE, GLOBCOLOUR

Usernames: IGBP, GODAE, GOFC, WCRP, IOCCG

Projects name: DUDES,, GLOBCOVER, CONTRAIL, EPIDEMIO, GLOBAER, BeGO

Usernames: EC, UNEP, FAO, EUROCONTROL, WHO, ECMWF, UNESCO

Projects name: ITALSCAR, SLAM, COASTCHART, TEMIS

Usernames: CPA, ENV MINISTRIES, HYDROGRAPHIC OFFICES, MET OFFICES

Projects name: HUMAN, URBEX

Usernames: MSF, WWF

User’s Portfolio

Global: Globcover, Globcarbon, ATSR WFA

Regional: FOREST, KYOTO INV: continuity ensured up to 2008SAGE (Land Ecosystems), GUS (Urban): continuity ensured up to 2008GMFS: continuity ensured up to 2008RISK-EOS (Flood and Fire for CPAs): up to 2008GLOBWETLAND (RAMSAR) up to end 2006DESERTWATCH (UNCCD) up to end 2006DUDES (IGM)AQUIFER (OSS)BeGO (UNESCO)EPIDEMIO (WHO)HUMAN (MSF)

16 relevant project running today: 20 MeuroNext GMES call: 43 Meuro

Projects now and in future

• ESA supports:ESA supports: UNCCD;UNCCD; World Heritage World Heritage Convention;Convention; Ramsar Convention on Ramsar Convention on Wetlands;Wetlands; UNFCCC;UNFCCC;

• ESA attending key events:ESA attending key events: World Summit, World Summit, Johannesburg, South Johannesburg, South Africa, 2002;Africa, 2002; COP 8 of the UNFCCC, COP 8 of the UNFCCC, New Delhi, India, 2002;New Delhi, India, 2002; COP 8 of the Ramsar COP 8 of the Ramsar Convention, Valencia, Convention, Valencia, Spain, 2002;Spain, 2002; COP 6 of the UNCCD, La COP 6 of the UNCCD, La Havana, Cuba, 2003;Havana, Cuba, 2003;COP9 of the UNFCCC, COP9 of the UNFCCC, Milano, 2003;Milano, 2003;

ESA Supporting International Conventions

ESA Supporting International Conventions

2001 2002 2003 2004

TESEO-Carbon

TESEO-Desertification

TESEO-Wetlands

TEMIS (Air quality)

Kyoto-Inventory

GlobCarbon (Carbon Cycle)

Forest Monitoring GMES

GlobWetland (Managing Ramsar sites)

BEGo (Gorilla Habitat Mapping)

Aquifer Management

Desertification Monitoring

TEMIS

Forest Monitoring GMES

Soil data

Carbon estimates per sample plot

field data and default values

Forest inventory field data (sample plots)

Biomass Expansion Factores (BEF)

IN-SITU DATA

Germany Greece French Guiana

EO STRATIFICATION Forest type & land use derived from optical and SAR data

FOREST MONITORINGLULUCF – Services for National Greenhouse Gas Reporting

Current Users:Current Users:

BMVEL - Germany; NOA - Greece; MAPAAR - France

Responsible for UNFCCC and Kyoto Protocol reporting (Art. 3.3, 3.4)

Services:Services:

Maps and Statistics for Land Use, Land Use Change and Forestry (LULUCF)

1990 baseline assessment of Forest and Land use area

Carbon Stock and annual changes

Error Budget and Minimum reliable estimate

Utility:Utility:

Consistent 1990 baseline assessment

Cost reduction and highest level of reliability

Compliance with COP decisions and LULUCF Good Practice Guidance Guidlines

CARBON BUDGET

5 892 075 tons6 546 750 tonsCarbon stock

212 850 ha215 000 haForest area

Minimum reliable estimate

Average estimate

SAMPL

E

• Land Use Map• Land Use Change /ARD Map

• 0,5 ha minimum mappable unit• 1:50000 scale• 95% thematic accuracy• Statistic data associated• Prototype on 13 test sites• Full/half coverage for I, CH, NL,

SP• Forest Map

KYOTO-INVServices for national reporting on LULUCF activities under the Kyoto Protocol

Wetland

Forest

Unproductive

Water

Urban_Area

Grassland

Annual_Crop

Italian Land Use Change: Tuscany 89-02

KYOTO-INVServices for national reporting on LULUCF activities under the Kyoto Protocol

ESA - JRC - FAO - UNEP - GOFC - IGBP GLOBCOVER INITIATIVE

Context• Build on European experience (GLC2000,…)

• GMES preparation (Operationalisation)

The initiative

Specifications

Olivier Arino, ESA/ESRIN

Frédéric Achard, EC/JRC

John Latham, FAO

Ron Witt, UNEP

Kathleen Neumann GOFC LC

Steven Plummer, IGBP

The GLOBCOVER Initiative

•Why GLOBCOVER (O. Arino)

•The IGOS Land theme and the GOFC strategy (S. Briggs)

•The GLOBCARBON example (S. Plummer)

•Building on GLC2000 and preparing GMES (A. Belward)

•The MERIS FR data collection (H. Laur)

•The MERIS FR processor status (A. Buongiorno)

•The MERIS FR data quality (S. Delwart)

•The UNEP requirements (R, Witt)

•The FAO requirements (J, Latham)

•The GLOCOVER specification (F. Achard)

•The GOFC LC role in GLOBCOVER (Katleen Newmann)

The GLOBCOVER User Requirements: April 2004

The GLOBCOVER Initiative

Partnership: ESA - JRCPrograms: GOFC - IGBPUsers: FAO, UNEP, UN Conventions (CCD, CB)

Objectives: Global Land Cover Map in 2005 by usingENVISAT MERIS data at 300m (15 bands)

Schedule: Definition phase Spring 2004 Invitation To Tender July 2004

KO December 2004First Monthly Mosaic September 2005GLOBCOVER V1 September 2006GLOBCOVER V2 September 2007Validation September 2008

Implementation: One European consortium industry/companies

1) Aqcuisitions: • From 01st December 2005 to 31st March 2006• Land area between 82o North & 56o South• Estimated Total volume of input data = 20 TB

Pre-processing - Geometric corrections (< 150m geo-location accuracy)- Radiometric corrections (BRDF needed for high Latitudes)- Cloud and Haze masking- Temporal compositing

2) Classification (interpretation)• Production of a global land cover map through ESA

trained by the GLC-2000 regional map GLOBCOVER V1• Production of an advanced land cover map through JRC and a

network of partners GLOBCOVER V2

3) Validation : quality control

GLOBCOVER specifications

GLC 2000 regional map

GLOBCOVER V1

MERIS FR FS

GLOBCOVER strategy

MERIS Advanced Products (1/3 km)

GLOBCOVER V2

GLOBCOVER Validation

GOFC leadership

Implemented by companies for GLOBCOVER V1 and by JRC for GLOBCOVER V2

Comparison of the GLOBCOVER global product

with “reference” data (GLC-2000 map, others)

Comparison with regional maps

Use of High Resolution Images sampling

World Fire Atlas

308 or 312K – 3.7μm channel

Global

1995-present

ATSR-2 + AATSR

1km*1km

3-day repeat

monthly files in ascii format (Date, Lat and Long)

http://earth.esa.int/ionia

Underestimation, industrial sites not masked, night-time

Seasonal distribution of fires in 2000

Jan. Dec.

annual variation normalized

0

5000

10000

15000

20000

25000

30000

Num

ber o

f fire

s 1996

1997

1998

1999

2000

2001

2002

2003

Seasonal - Interannual

0

2000

4000

6000

8000

10000

12000

Nov-

95Ma

r-96

Jul-9

6No

v-96

Mar-9

7Ju

l-97

Nov-

97Ma

r-98

Jul-9

8No

v-98

Mar-9

9Ju

l-99

Nov-

99Ma

r-00

Jul-0

0No

v-00

Mar-0

1Ju

l-01

Nov-

01Ma

r-02

Jul-0

2No

v-02

Mar-0

3Ju

l-03

Nov-

03

Brazil Canada China

Finland/Norway/Sweden India Russia

South Africa South-east of Asia

Countries

Climate zone

1 Tree Cover, broadleaved, evergreen

2 Tree Cover, broadleaved, deciduous, closed

3 Tree Cover, broadleaved, deciduous, open

4 Tree Cover, needle-leaved, evergreen

5 Tree Cover, needle-leaved, deciduous

6 Tree Cover, mixed leaf type

7 Tree Cover, regularly flooded, fresh

8 Tree Cover, regularly flooded, saline, (daily variation)

9 Mosaic: Tree cover / Other natural vegetation

10 Tree Cover, burnt

11 Shrub Cover, closed-open, evergreen (with or without sparse tree layer)

12 Shrub Cover, closed-open, deciduous (with or without sparse tree layer)

13 Herbaceous Cover, closed-open

14 Sparse Herbaceous or sparse shrub cover

15 Regularly flooded shrub and/or herbaceous cover

16 Cultivated and managed areas

17 Mosaic: Cropland / Tree Cover / Other Natural Vegetation

18 Mosaic: Cropland / Shrub and/or Herbaceous cover

Vegetation: GLC2000

Trend? Need for more data

SST trend, D. Llewellyn-Jones et al., 2004

• World Fire Atlas:

http://shark1.esrin.esa.it/ionia/FIRE/AF/ATSR/

•Koeppen and biomass classification:

http://www.fao.org/SD/EIdirect/climate/EIsp0002.htm

•GLC2000 classification:

http://www.gvm.sai.jrc.it/glc2000/defaultGLC2000.htm

•ECMWF:

http://data.ecmwf.int/data/d/era40_daily/

•TEMIS (O3, NO2, SO2):

http://www.temis.nl

Data access: public

Global Monitoring for Food Security provides operational services to support decision making in famine relief and agricultural development

Services• Continental scale crop season monitoring

Regional early warning Planning of FAO/WFP Crop and Food Supply Assessement Missions

• National scale resource base mapping and crop production forecastingHigh resolution crop type/area + agrometeorological modelling More accurate information for national ministries and international donors

User Group• Southern African Development Community Regional Early Warning Unit, Zimbabwe• Ministry of Agriculture and Centre de Suivi Ecologique, Senegal• Sudan Meteorological Authority, Khartoum• AGRHYMET/CILSS, Niger• Ministry of Agriculture, Malawi• Food and Agriculture Organization, Rome• World Food Programme, Rome• European Commission DG-JRC

Continental Scale MonitoringSouthern Africa

Users: SADC-REWU, EC/JRC

Support to Crop and Food Supply Assessment Missions

Users: FAO and WFP

Base maps provided to FAO/WFP for planning Missions in April 2004:

- Mozambique- Malawi- Zimbabwe

Country Ya/Ym relative to 5 yr avg(%)

Malawi -24

Province Ya/Ym relative to 5 yr avg(%)

CENTRAL -21

NORTHERN -13

SOUTHERN -30

Maize

Sub-national production forecastSenegal, 2003

User: Ministry Agriculture, Senegal

Millet yield forecasts 2003relative to 10-year average

Peanut yield forecasts 2003relative to 10-year average

Average = + 5%

Average = - 6%

Malawi - Nchisi, Acreage and planting time Malawi - Nchisi, Acreage and planting time (sub-national coverage)(sub-national coverage)

Acreage (ha) at sub-district level

0

5000

10000

15000

20000

25000

30000

35000

• Sentinel 1: C band interferometric radar

• Sentinel 2: SPOT/LANDSAT continuity

• Sentinel 3: Medium Resolution/Altimeter, SST

• Sentinel 4: Polar Orbiting Atmospheric

• Sentinel 5: Geostationary Atmospheric

GMES and the SentinelsGMES and the Sentinels

• Land Cover Land Use and Change

• Natural and Managed Ecosystems

• Cross cutting (Soil and Elevation)

• Improve Science (in situ, validation)

• Operationalisation (socio ecomomic value and data)

IGOL Topics and ParagoneIGOL Topics and Paragone