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By the Editors of TIME For Kids

TCM 10128 (i1016)

Level

3G

RAMM

AR, USAG

E, & MECHAN

ICS

Name

Essential tools and resources for student writers!

Level 3TCM

10128

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●1 Sentences Kinds of Sentences. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1–2

Subjects and Predicates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3–4

●2 Nouns Nouns . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5–6

Special Plural Nouns . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7–8

Common and Proper Nouns . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9–10

Possessive Nouns . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11–12

●3 Verbs Verbs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13–14

Present Tense . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15–16

Past Tense. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17–18

Future Tense . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19–20

The Verb to be . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21–22

Other Irregular Verbs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23–24

Helping Verbs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25–26

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●4 Adjectives Adjectives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27–28

Adjectives That Tell How Many . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29–30

Proper Adjectives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31–32

Comparing with Adjectives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33–34

●5 Adverbs Adverbs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35–36

Comparing with Adverbs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37–38

●6 Pronouns Subject Pronouns . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39–40

Object Pronouns. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41–42

Possessive Pronouns. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43–44

●7 Capitalization and Punctuation Guide Abbreviations and Titles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45–46

Titles for Published Things . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47–48

Commas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49–50

Commas and Quotation Marks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51–52

Apostrophes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53–54

End Punctuation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55–56

●8 Usage Guide Using the Right Pronoun. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57–58

Subject-Verb Agreement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59–60

Frequently Misspelled Words . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Inside back cover

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Special Plural Nouns

Some singular nouns end with a consonant and –y. You change the y to i and add –es to make the plural form of most of these nouns.

city sky berry story

cities skies berries stories

Some nouns have special plural spellings. You have to remember these.

man woman child tooth mouse

men women children teeth mice

Special Plural Nouns

●1 Show What You KnowRead the sentences below. Underline the special plural nouns.

Two hungry foxes watched some women and children picking blueberries. At

noon the women and children left their boxes and ran to eat their lunches.

They had sandwiches piled on dishes and drank many glasses

of milk. Outside, two full foxes with blue teeth ate the last box of berries.

Some singular nouns end with –s, –x, –ch, or –sh. You add –es to most nouns ending with –s, –x, –ch, or –sh to make them plural.

class ax wrench wish

classes axes wrenches wishes

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Special Plural Nouns

If you aren’t sure what the plural spelling of a noun is, use a dictionary! Find the singular form of the noun in the dictionary. If the noun has a special plural spelling, the dictionary will show it.

TFK Tips for Writers

●3 On Your Own

●2 Take It Up a NotchWrite a noun in each blank to complete the paragraph. Make sure to write the plural form of the noun shown.

We were eating lunch when Dad asked if I could watch the twins. He had to finish

paying the ________________ . I said it would be no problem to look after the

________________ . Little did I know! It takes at least two ________________ or

________________ to look after these tots! As soon as Dad left the table, the twins

started feeding ________________ to the dog. They rubbed ________________ of

food on their clothes. I gave them baths and changed their ________________ . One

of the ________________ brushed her ________________ with soap! At last they each

found their stuffed toy ________________ . It was time for a nap. Boy, was I tired!

Word-Card Scramble With a partner, make word cards for as many nouns as you can think of that end with –s, –x, –ch, –sh, or with a consonant and –y. Then make more word cards for singular nouns that have special plural spellings, such as man or tooth. Shuffle the cards and place them face down in a pile. Take turns choosing a card and spelling the plural form of the word on the card. Give yourself one point for each plural you spell correctly. At the end of ten minutes, the person with the highest score wins the game.

tax

baby

woman

fry

child tooth

mouse

bunch

dress

man

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Helping Verbs

Helping Verbs

●1 Show What You KnowRead the sentences below. Circle the helping verb and underline the main verb.

The National Hurricane Center has warned us that a hurricane will come

ashore tomorrow. Hurricane Hunters from the United States Air Force

will fly an airplane into the center of the storm. These experts have learned

a lot about hurricanes. Everyone will thank them for the dangerous work

they are doing.

Sometimes a verb is made up of more than one word. One of the words is the main verb that shows the action. The other word is a helping verb. The helping verb does not show action, but it works with the action verb. The helping verb helps the main verb!

The words is, are, and will can be helping verbs.

Strong winds are blowing along the coast.

People will cover their windows.

The verbs has and have can also be helping verbs.

Linda has gone to the store to buy supplies.

I have heard there is a storm shelter near here.

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Proofreading Power!

Find five mistakes in verb use in this script that the newscaster will read on the evening broadcast. Use proofreader’s marks to fix them.

Helping Verbs

●2 Take It Up a NotchWrite a helping verb in each blank to complete the e-mail. Read the whole sentence before you decide which helping verb to use.

Hi, Irma. Tonight I ________________ go to my grandmother’s house with my

family. My grandmother lives on higher ground, so we ________________ going to

stay with her during the storm. The wind at the shore ________________ blowing

hard now, and the waves ________________ crashing. Over the past

few days, the storm ________________ grown. It is now almost as big as your state

of Montana! I ________________ call when we get to Grandma’s.

Your pal,

Peggy

This is Shelby Conner, reporting to you from the town

beach. Last evening at this time, the winds blew at just

10 miles-per-hour. Now they is blowing at 30 miles-per-

hour. I predict that tomorrow night the winds will blew

at 100 miles-per-hour. Before I come on the air tonight,

I boarded my windows and load my car with supplies.

Residents of the coastline soon will moved to higher

ground. This is Shelby Conner, signing off for now.

Indent paragraph

Add

Add a period

Delete

Capitalize

Make lowercase

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Capitalization and Punctuation Guide

End PunctuationEnd MarksDifferent kinds of sentences use different end marks. There are three marks of punctuation that are used at the ends of sentences.

Use a period to end a sentence that makes a statement or gives a command.

Statement: The desk is a little messy.

Statement: I would like to have a neat desk.

Command: Put the papers in order.

Command: Pick up the books from the floor.

Use a question mark to end a sentence that asks a question.

Question: Do you need another bookcase in this room?

Question: Can you reach that cobweb?

Use an exclamation point to end a sentence that makes an exclamation.

Exclamation: The room looks so much better!

Exclamation: I’m so proud of you!

Go on

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Capitalization and Punctuation Guide

●1 Show What You KnowRead the sentences below. Label each sentence with an S for a statement, a C for a command, a Q for a question, or an E for an exclamation.

I finished my science report. What a challenge it was to write!

I did a lot of research for it. I read all about volcanoes and

what makes them erupt. Are you interested in volcanoes?

I’ll show you pictures of erupting volcanoes when I see you

in school. Have you finished your report? Write back tonight.

Proofread the paragraph, and find seven mistakes in end marks. Correct them using proofreader’s marks.

Proofreading Power!

Did you see the television special on disasters! What a

great show? It told all about Pompeii and other places

where volcanoes erupted. It also showed damage done

by tornadoes Boy, I’d hate to be caught with a tornado

heading my way? The show did give safety tips, though?

Do you know what to do if there’s a hurricane on its way!

I do. The show told me about steps my family can take

to make sure we’re safe

Indent paragraph

Add

Add a period

Delete

Capitalize

Make lowercase