Cell Accumulation.part2

7/24/2019 Cell Accumulation.part2

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/cell-accumulationpart2 1/43

ELL A UMULATION



Substances that may beaccumulated:

•normal cell constituents-whichaccumulate in an excess (lipids,

proteins, carbohydrates)•abnormal substances, as a

product of abnormal metabolism

•pigments



Description of Accumulation

• These substances can accumulatetransiently or permanently,

• they may be harmless to the cells or

toxic

• can be located-in nuclei or incytoplasm

• Intracellular accumulationsa. reversible

b.irreversible



The !athway" !rocess

1. abnormal metabolism of normalendogenous substance



The !rocess

2. A normal or an abnormalendogenous substanceaccumulates because of genetic

or acquired defects in its folding,packaging, transport, orsecretion.



3. An inherited defect in anenzyme may result in failure todegrade a metabolite.

The resulting disorders are calledstorage diseases.



The !rocess

4. deposition of abnormalexogenous substance



TY!S "# $%T&A'!(()(A&A'')*)(AT$"%S

• 1. CHOLESTEROL E!OS"TS

- seen in atherosclerosis

- presence of xanthoma, foamymacrophages and stromal inltrationof fat





+. #CC$%$L#T"O& O' !ROTE"&S

Ex: -in proteinuria -protein-loss in theurine - occurs in epithelial cells ofproximal tubules



3. #CC$%$L#T"O& O' (L)CO(E&

-excessi#e intracellular accumulation ofglycogen -in patients with glucose orglycogen metabolism disorders

a. Diabetes mellitus- $lycogen is found inepithelial cells of distal portions of proximaltubules and %enle loops

b& G!"#GE$#%E%

'aused by glycogen storage diseases-characteried by excessi#e accumulation ofglycogen either normal or abnormal



• & #CC$%$L#T"O& O' !"(%E&TS

exogenous - the most common arecarbon particles or coal dust

• ant*racosis- accumulation ofcarbon particles in the lungs

•

tatooing



• endogenous+ include -lipofuchsin,melanin, hemoglobin-deri#edpigments, such as hemosiderin,

bilirubin, etc&



+D$+./ !I$0+T/

&. '(#)*"+%"'$ - 1neintracytoplasmic granules, yellow-brown

-. often associated with atrophy- bron atrophy





2. %EL#&"&

- non-hemoglobin-deri#ed pigment,brown-blac2 in color, produced inmelanocytes

- -in in3ammatory s2in lesions-0+4AI gi#e rise to post-

in3ammatory pigmentation of thes2in



,. HE%OS"ER"&

- is a golden-yellow to brown granularpigment found in lysosomes withinthe cell cytoplasm

- hemoglobin-deri#ed pigment- it iscomposed of aggregates of partially

degraded ferritin

- - deposition of hemosiderin in tissuemacrophages is termed

hemosiderosis





• 1- Localied *emosiderosis

• -is common and results from grosshemorrhages, ruptures of small#essels or from se#ere #ascular

congestion, etc&• -hemoglobin is bro2en down and

its iron is deposited locally as

hemosiderin



• 2- (eneralied *emosiderosis

• -is less common, occurs in thoseconditions when there is an excessiron in the body

• -occurs following multiple tranfusions



• Hemoc*romatosis

• -is uncommon inherited or idiopathicdisease - - deposits of hemosiderinthroughout the body

• The mostly a5ected organs are theliver (cirrhosis), pancreas (diabetes

mellitus), and the sin (brown colour)



. /''0*/'$

- -bilirubin is a bile pigment thatrepresents an end product ofhemoglobin molecule destruction, itdoes not contain iron

/aundice- common clinical disorder

due to excess of bilirubin within cellsand tissues



• "linical e1ects of deposition ofbilirubin

• &2 deposition in connective tissue (s2in, scleras, internal organs) resultin yellow color typical of 6aundice

• 32 deposition in parenchymal cells

• most important -in basal ganglia (socalled 4E0$'"5E0*%)



/4ID+ !AT%4$7

I8I4T9ATI



:& ADI!/I/ 8 %+A9T



%+A9T



ADI!/I/



;& $47'$+/I/ 8<ID+7



=& AT%9A'/I/ 8 4.$







&%+0/ID+9/I/ 8 4I>+9







?& 0A4A9IA4 0+4A+0IA 8

/!4++





/4ID+ !AT%4$7%7!+9T9!%7"%7!+9!4A/IA



:& %7!+9!4A/IA 8 4+7DI$'+44/







;& %7!+9T9!%7 8 !9/TAT+

$4AD





Documents

Cell Accumulation.part2