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AP Biology Review – Cells, CR, and PhotoEnzymes
and Transport
Cellular Respiration Photosynthes
is
Cell Resp & Photo Random
Trivia
100 100 100 100 100
200 200 200 200 200
300 300 300 300 300
400 400 400 400 400
500 500 500 500 500
E1 E2 E3W----------------> X-----------------> Y---------------> Z
In the series of enzyme reactions shown above, product Z is able to occupy the active site of enzyme E2. Product Z can therefore first inhibit the production of
W
E1
X
E2
Y1,100
Which of the following is an example of active transport across a membrane?
The movement of water from a nephron into the collecting duct of the kidney
The movement of glucose by facilitated diffusion into a liver cell
The movement of water from the inside of a cell into a surrounding hypertonic medium
The movement of Na+ into a neuron as a nerve impulse is generated
The movement of H+ into a thylakoid disc during photosynthesis
1,200
Within the cell, many chemical reactions that, by themselves, require energy input (have a positive free-energy change) can occur because the reactions
may be coupled to the hydrolysis of ATP
take place very slowly
take place when the cells are at unusually high temperatures
are catalyzed by enzymes
are aided by various metal ions that act as catalysts
1,300
If plant cells are immersed in distilled water, the resulting movement of water into the cells is called
conduction
active transport
transpiration
osmosis
facilitated diffusion1,400
How does a noncompetitive inhibitor decrease the rate of an enzyme reaction?
By binding at the active site of the enzymeBy changing the shape of the enzyme’s active siteBy changing the free energy change of the reactionBy acting as a coenzyme for the reactionBy decreasing the activation energy of the reaction
1,500,P
Oxygen consumption can be used as a measure of metabolic rate because oxygen is
necessary for ATP synthesis by oxidative phosphorylation
necessary to replenish glycogen levels.
necessary for fermentation to take place
required by all living organisms
required to break down the ethanol that is produced in muscles
2,100
Which of the following directly produces the most ATP per mole of glucose during aerobic cellular respiration?
Glycolysis
Electron transport chain and chemiosmosis
Substrate-level phosphorylation
Kreb’s Cycle
Alcoholic fermentation2,200
Which of the following statements about mitochondrial chemiosmosis is NOT true?
A proton gradient is established across the inner membrane of the mitochondrion.The potential energy released from the mitochondrial proton gradient is used to produce ATP.The mitochondrial proton gradient provides energy for muscle contraction.Proteins embedded in the inner mitochondrial membrane play an important role in ATP synthesis.Heat energy is required to establish the electron transport chain.
2,300
During respiration, most ATP is formed as a direct result of the net movement of
potassium against a concentration gradient
protons down a concentration gradient
electrons against a concentration gradient
electrons through a channel
sodium ions into the cell2,400
1. Process in which CO2 is released from organic molecules
2. Process found in both photosynthesis and cellular respiration
3. Process in which sugar is oxidized to pyruvic acid
1. ETC 2. Kreb’s Cycle 3. Glycolysis
1. Glycolysis 2. Calvin Cycle 3. ETC
1. Kreb’s Cycle 2. ETC 3. Glycolysis1. Calvin Cycle 2. ETC 3. Glycolysis
1. ETC 2. Glycolysis 3. Kreb’s Cycle
2,500
Dichlorophenolindophenol (DPIP) is a blue dye that is decolorized when it is reduced. After being mixed with DPIP, which of the following would show the greatest change in color?
Isolated chloroplasts in the light
Isolated chloroplasts in the dark
Chlorophyll extract in the dark
Boiled chloroplasts in the light
Boiled chloroplasts in the dark3,100
The end products of the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis are
ADP, H2O, NADPH2
ADP, PGAL, RuBP (RuDP)
ATP, CO2, H2O
ATP, NADPH2, O2
CO2, H+, PGAL3,200,
P
In a mesophyll cell of a leaf, the synthesis of ATP occurs in which of the following?
I. Ribosomes II. Mitochondria III. Chloroplasts
I only
II only
III only
II and III only
I, II, and III3,300
All of the following could reduce the yield of photosynthetic products EXCEPT
lower concentrations of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere
increased photorespiration
reduced carbon dioxide concentrations in the air spaces of the leafincreased frequency of stomatal openings
fewer Calvin cycle enzymes3,400,
P
1. Process by which O2 is released as a by-product of oxidation-reduction reactions
2. Process by which carbon from CO2 is incorporated into organic molecules
3. Process found in both photosynthesis and cellular respiration
1. Calvin Cycle 2. Light-dependent rxns 3. Chemiosmosis
1. Chemiosmosis 2. Light-dependent rxns 3. Calvin Cycle
1. Light-dependent rxns 2. Calvin Cycle 3. Chemiosmosis
1. Light-dependent rxns 2. Chemiosmosis3. Calvin cycle
1. Chemiosmosis 2. Calvin Cycle 3. Light-dep. rxns
3,500
The organelle that is a major producer of ATP and is found in both heterotrophs and autotrophs is the
chloroplast
nucleus
ribosome
mitochondrion
Golgi apparatus4,100
When oxygen is released as a result of photosynthesis, it is a direct by-product of
Reducing NADP +
The electron transfer system of photosystem II
chemiosmosis
The electron transfer system of photosystem I
Splitting of water molecules.
4,200
Which of the following questions is most relevant to understanding the Calvin cycle?
How does chlorophyll capture light?
How is ATP used in the formation of 3-Carbon carbohydrates?
How is NADP+ reduced to NADPH?
How is ATP produced in chemiosmosis
Why are plants green (I heard it isn’t easy)
4,300
During intense exercise, as skeletal muscle cells switch to fermentation, the human body will increase its catabolism of
Fats only
Proteins only
Fats, carbohydrates, and proteins
Fats and proteins only
Carbohydrates only
4,400
Which of the following statements best describes the relationship between photosynthesis and respiration?
Photosynthesis occurs only in plants and respiration occurs only in animals
ATP molecules are produced in photosynthesis and used up in respirationPhotosynthesis stores energy in complex organic molecules, whereas respiration releases itRespiration is anabolic and photosynthesis is catabolic
Respiration runs the biochemical pathways of photosynthesis in reverse
4,500
To what phylum does Spongebob’s best friend, Patrick, belong?
chordata
mollusca
annelida
echinodermata
porifera5,200
What aquatic creature do the dragons fear in How to Train Your Dragon?
Sting rays
Eels
Star fish
Sea horses
Tuna5,400,
P