Chapter 21 – The Respiratory System

Chapter 21 – The Respiratory System

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Structures of the

Respiratory System

Functions of the

Respiratory System

You Inspire Me

It’s the Law Waiting to Exhale

FINAL ROUND

Structures of the Respiratory System:

$100 Question

Which structure is not part of the lower respiratory system?

a. Larynx

b. Pharynx

c. Trachea

d. BronchiBACK TO GAME

ANSWER


$100 Answer

Which structure is not part of the lower respiratory system?

a. Larynx

b. Pharynx

c. Trachea

d. BronchiBACK TO GAME


$200 Question

Which structure is the final part of the conduction portion of the respiratory tract?

a. Alveolar sacs

b. Tertiary bronchi

c. Respiratory bronchioles

d. Terminal bronchiolesBACK TO GAME

ANSWER


$200 Answer

Which structure is the final part of the conduction portion of the respiratory tract?

a. Alveolar sacs

b. Tertiary bronchi

c. Respiratory bronchioles

d. Terminal bronchiolesBACK TO GAME


$300 Question

Why are the cartilages that reinforce the trachea C-shaped?

a. To prevent tracheal crushing

b. To confirm to thoracic cavity shape

c. To allow room for esophageal expansion

d. To allow normal cardiac functioning

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ANSWER


$300 Answer

Why are the cartilages that reinforce the trachea C-shaped?

a. To prevent tracheal crushing

b. To confirm to thoracic cavity shape

c. To allow room for esophageal expansion

d. To allow normal cardiac functioning

BACK TO GAME


$400 Question

Which arteries supply blood to the conducting portions of the respiratory tract?

a. External carotid arteries

b. Bronchial arteries

c. Thyrocervical trunk

d. All of the above

BACK TO GAME

ANSWER


$400 Answer

Which arteries supply blood to the conducting portions of the respiratory tract?

a. External carotid arteries

b. Bronchial arteries

c. Thyrocervical trunk

d. All of the above

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$500 Question

What path does air take in flowing from the glottis to the respiratory membrane?

a. Larynx, trachea, bronchi, alveolar duct, alveolar sac, respiratory membrane

b. Larynx, trachea, alveolar duct, bronchioles, respiratory membrane

c. Trachea, bronchi, larynx, bronchioles, alveolar duct, alveolar sac

d. Larynx, trachea, bronchioles, alveolar duct, bronchi, alveolar sac, respiratory membrane

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ANSWER


$500 Answer

What path does air take in flowing from the glottis to the respiratory membrane?

a. Larynx, trachea, bronchi, alveolar duct, alveolar sac, respiratory membrane

b. Larynx, trachea, alveolar duct, bronchioles, respiratory membrane

c. Trachea, bronchi, larynx, bronchioles, alveolar duct, alveolar sac

d. Larynx, trachea, bronchioles, alveolar duct, bronchi, alveolar sac, respiratory membrane

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Functions of the Respiratory System:

$100 Question

The primary function of pulmonary ventilation is ____.

a. Maintaining adequate alveolar ventilation

b. Diffusion of gases across the respiratory membrane

c. Transport of O2 and CO2 between capillaries and tissues

d. Absorption of O2 and release of CO2 in tissues

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ANSWER


$100 Answer

The primary function of pulmonary ventilation is ____.

a. Maintaining adequate alveolar ventilation

b. Diffusion of gases across the respiratory membrane

c. Transport of O2 and CO2 between capillaries and tissues

d. Absorption of O2 and release of CO2 in tissues

BACK TO GAME


$200 Question

What is the primary function of pleura. What does it secrete?

a. Reduces surface tension / Surfactant

b. Reduces friction between visceral and parietal pleura / Pleural fluid

c. Prevents lungs from drying out / Mucus

d. Prevents friction between heart and lungs / Serous fluid

BACK TO GAME

ANSWER


$200 Answer

What is the primary function of pleura. What does it secrete?

a. Reduces surface tension / Surfactant

b. Reduces friction between visceral and parietal pleura / Pleural fluid

c. Prevents lungs from drying out / Mucus

d. Prevents friction between heart and lungs / Serous fluid

BACK TO GAME


$300 Question

What role do the nasal conchae play in the respiratory system?

a. Trapping airborne particles in mucus

b. Warming and humidifying incoming air

c. Bringing olfactory stimulation to olfactory receptors

d. All of the above are correct.BACK TO GAME

ANSWER


$300 Answer

What role do the nasal conchae play in the respiratory system?

a. Trapping airborne particles in mucus

b. Warming and humidifying incoming air

c. Bringing olfactory stimulation to olfactory receptors

d. All of the above are correct.BACK TO GAME


$400 Question

What happens to the alveoli if surfactant is not produced? Why?

a. The alveoli contract / Elastic recoil of lungs

b. The alveoli collapse / Increase in surface tension

c. The alveoli expand / Intrapleural pressure decreases

d. The alveoli burst / Increase in intrapulmonary pressure

BACK TO GAME

ANSWER


$400 Answer

What happens to the alveoli if surfactant is not produced? Why?

a. The alveoli contract / Elastic recoil of lungs

b. The alveoli collapse / Increase in surface tension

c. The alveoli expand / Intrapleural pressure decreases

d. The alveoli burst / Increase in intrapulmonary pressure

BACK TO GAME


$500 Question

Which of the following is false concerning the efficiency of gas exchange.

a. Total surface area for gas exchange is large.

b. Gases are lipid soluble.

c. The difference in partial pressure across the respiratory membrane is minimal.

d. Blood flow and airflow are coordinated.

BACK TO GAME

ANSWER


$500 Answer

Which of the following is false concerning the efficiency of gas exchange.

a. Total surface area for gas exchange is large.

b. Gases are lipid soluble.

c. The difference in partial pressure across the respiratory membrane is minimal.

d. Blood flow and airflow are coordinated.

BACK TO GAME

You Inspire Me:

$100 Question

If you have maximally exhaled all the air you can (ERV), what is the amount you can now maximally inhale?

a. Inspiratory reserve volume

b. Vital capacity

c. Inspiratory capacity

d. Residual volumeBACK TO GAME

ANSWER

You Inspire Me:

$100 Answer

If you have maximally exhaled all the air you can (ERV), what is the amount you can now maximally inhale?

a. Inspiratory reserve volume

b. Vital capacity

c. Inspiratory capacity

d. Residual volumeBACK TO GAME

You Inspire Me:

$200 Question

In pneumonia, fluid accumulates in the alveoli of the lungs and bronchioles constrict. What effect does pneumonia have on vital capacity?

a. Increase in vital capacity

b. Decrease in vital capacity

c. Increase in breathing rate, with no effect on vital capacity

d. Decrease in tidal volume, with no effect on vital capacity

BACK TO GAME

ANSWER

You Inspire Me:

$200 Answer

In pneumonia, fluid accumulates in the alveoli of the lungs and bronchioles constrict. What effect does pneumonia have on vital capacity?

a. Increase in vital capacity

b. Decrease in vital capacity

c. Increase in breathing rate, with no effect on vital capacity

d. Decrease in tidal volume, with no effect on vital capacity

BACK TO GAME

You Inspire Me:

$300 Question

Which respiratory muscles become actively involved only during a forced inspiration?

a. Diaphragm and external intercostal muscles

b. Internal intercostal muscles as well as external and internal oblique muscles

c. Pectoralis minor, scalenes, and serratus anterior

d. A and C are correct.

BACK TO GAME

ANSWER

You Inspire Me:

$300 Answer

Which respiratory muscles become actively involved only during a forced inspiration?

a. Diaphragm and external intercostal muscles

b. Internal intercostal muscles as well as external and internal oblique muscles

c. Pectoralis minor, scalenes, and serratus anterior

d. A and C are correct.

BACK TO GAME

You Inspire Me:

$400 Question

How is inspiratory capacity calculated?

a. It is the amount of air one can inhale beyond Tv.

b. Tv + IRV

c. ERV + Tv+ IRV

d. FRC + Tv + IRV

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ANSWER

You Inspire Me:

$400 Answer

How is inspiratory capacity calculated?

a. It is the amount of air one can inhale beyond Tv.

b. Tv + IRV

c. ERV + Tv+ IRV

d. FRC + Tv + IRV

BACK TO GAME

You Inspire Me:

$500 Question

Why is VA more important than the respiratory minute volume?

a. VA determines the rate of O2 delivery to alveoli.

b. VA determines the volume of dead space.

c. VA determines the amount of air moved each minute.

d. VA determines functional reserve capacity.

BACK TO GAME

ANSWER

You Inspire Me:

$500 Answer

Why is VA more important than the respiratory minute volume?

a. VA determines the rate of O2 delivery to alveoli.

b. VA determines the volume of dead space.

c. VA determines the amount of air moved each minute.

d. VA determines functional reserve capacity.

BACK TO GAME

It’s the Law:

$100 Question

What is the functional relationship between hemoglobin and pH?

a. As pH drops, the Hb molecule changes shape.

b. As pH drops, O2 saturation declines.

c. As pH increases, Hb releases O2 more readily.

d. A and B are correct.

BACK TO GAME

ANSWER

It’s the Law:

$100 Answer

What is the functional relationship between hemoglobin and pH?

a. As pH drops, the Hb molecule changes shape.

b. As pH drops, O2 saturation declines.

c. As pH increases, Hb releases O2 more readily.


BACK TO GAME

It’s the Law:

$200 Question

Which Gas Law states, “At a given temperature, the amount of a particular gas in solution is directly proportional to the partial pressure of that gas”?

a. Boyle’s Law

b. Dalton’s Law

c. The Bohr effect

d. Henry’s LawBACK TO GAME

ANSWER

It’s the Law:

$200 Answer

Which Gas Law states, “At a given temperature, the amount of a particular gas in solution is directly proportional to the partial pressure of that gas”?

a. Boyle’s Law

b. Dalton’s Law

c. The Bohr effect

d. Henry’s LawBACK TO GAME

It’s the Law:

$300 Question

What does Boyle’s Law state concerning the relationship pressure and volume?

a. If you decrease the volume of a gas, its pressure will decrease.

b. If you increase the volume of a gas, its pressure will decrease.

c. P = 1 / V

d. B and C are correct.BACK TO GAME

ANSWER

It’s the Law:

$300 Answer

What does Boyle’s Law state concerning the relationship pressure and volume?

a. If you decrease the volume of a gas, its pressure will decrease.

b. If you increase the volume of a gas, its pressure will decrease.

c. P = 1 / V

d. B and C are correct.BACK TO GAME

It’s the Law:

$400 Question

What effect does a decrease in pneumotaxic output have on breathing? Why?

a. Shorter breaths and increased respiration rate / Stimulation of the VRG

b. Decreased respiratory rate and increased depth of respiration / The apneustic centers are stimulated

c. Neurons of the VRG activate accessory muscles of inhalation / Little pulmonary ventilation is occurring

d. None of the above is correct.

BACK TO GAME

ANSWER

It’s the Law:

$400 Answer

What effect does a decrease in pneumotaxic output have on breathing? Why?

a. Shorter breaths and increased respiration rate / Stimulation of the VRG

b. Decreased respiratory rate and increased depth of respiration / The apneustic centers are stimulated

c. Neurons of the VRG activate accessory muscles of inhalation / Little pulmonary ventilation is occurring

d. None of the above is correct.

BACK TO GAME

It’s the Law:

$500 Question

What do increased temperature in active skeletal muscles and increased concentrations of BPG have in common? What is the result?

a. Both allow the Hb molecule to release O2 more readily / Improved tissue oxygenation

b. Both cause the Hb molecule to bind O2 more tightly / Determines how long a blood bank can store blood

c. Both allow Hb to have a higher affinity for O2 / Improved O2 transfer across the placenta

d. A and C are correct.BACK TO GAME

ANSWER

It’s the Law:

$500 Answer

What do increased temperature in active skeletal muscles and increased concentrations of BPG have in common? What is the result?

a. Both allow the Hb molecule to release O2 more readily / Improved tissue oxygenation

b. Both cause the Hb molecule to bind O2 more tightly / Determines how long a blood bank can store blood

c. Both allow Hb to have a higher affinity for O2 / Improved O2 transfer across the placenta

d. A and C are correct.BACK TO GAME

Waiting to Exhale:

$100 Question

Which factor influencing compliance increases compliance?

a. Inadequate secretion of surfactant

b. Restricted movement of thoracic cage

c. Loss of connective tissue resulting from alveolar damage

d. The percent of oxygen in inhaled air

BACK TO GAME

ANSWER

Waiting to Exhale:

$100 Answer

Which factor influencing compliance increases compliance?

a. Inadequate secretion of surfactant

b. Restricted movement of thoracic cage

c. Loss of connective tissue resulting from alveolar damage

d. The percent of oxygen in inhaled air

BACK TO GAME

Waiting to Exhale:

$200 Question

Which of the following is not a method of carbon dioxide transport in blood?

a. As molecules of carbonic acid

b. In plasma

c. Binding to iron in Hb

d. All of the above are methods of carbon dioxide transport

BACK TO GAME

ANSWER

Waiting to Exhale:

$200 Answer

Which of the following is not a method of carbon dioxide transport in blood?

a. As molecules of carbonic acid

b. In plasma

c. Binding to iron in Hb

d. All of the above are methods of carbon dioxide transport

BACK TO GAME

Waiting to Exhale:

$300 Question

The epithelium of the pharynx changes from ___ in the nasopharynx to ___ in the oropharynx. Why?

a. Pseudostratified ciliated columnar to stratified squamous / Oropharynx is subject to abrasion

b. Simple cuboidal to pseudostratified ciliated columnar / Gas exchange occurs is the nasal cavity

c. Stratified squamous to pseudostratified ciliated columnar / Nasopharynx contains goblet cells

d. None of the above.

BACK TO GAME

ANSWER

Waiting to Exhale:

$300 Answer

The epithelium of the pharynx changes from ___ in the nasopharynx to ___ in the oropharynx. Why?

a. Pseudostratified ciliated columnar to stratified squamous / Oropharynx is subject to abrasion

b. Simple cuboidal to pseudostratified ciliated columnar / Gas exchange occurs is the nasal cavity

c. Stratified squamous to pseudostratified ciliated columnar / Nasopharynx contains goblet cells

d. None of the above.

BACK TO GAME

Waiting to Exhale:

$400 Question

Why is it important to exhale while weights?

a. To relax the diaphragm

b. To equalize pressures inside and outside the thoracic cavity

c. To enhance action of the accessory respiratory muscles

d. To prevent intrapulmonary pressure from increasing

BACK TO GAME

ANSWER

Waiting to Exhale:

$400 Answer

Why is it important to exhale while weights?

a. To relax the diaphragm

b. To equalize pressures inside and outside the thoracic cavity

c. To enhance action of the accessory respiratory muscles

d. To prevent intrapulmonary pressure from increasing

BACK TO GAME

Waiting to Exhale:

$500 Question

Mark breaks a rib that punctures his left lung. What will happen to his left lung as a result? What happens to his right lung?

a. Fluids leak into the alveoli / Decrease in respiratory function

b. Atelectasis / Nothing

c. Increase in compliance / Decrease in surface area for gas exchange

d. Bronchodilation / AtelectasisBACK TO GAME

ANSWER

Waiting to Exhale:

$500 Answer

Mark breaks a rib that punctures his left lung. What will happen to his left lung as a result? What happens to his right lung?

a. Fluids leak into the alveoli / Decrease in respiratory function

b. Atelectasis / Nothing

c. Increase in compliance / Decrease in surface area for gas exchange

d. Bronchodilation / AtelectasisBACK TO GAME

FINAL ROUND Question

Beyond transport of respiratory gases, how do the respiratory and cardiovascular systems interact?

a. Regulation of BP by activation of angiotensin II

b. Bicarbonate ions contribution to the buffering capacity of blood

c. Maintenance of normal fluid and ion balance


BACK TO GAME

ANSWER

FINAL ROUND Answer

Beyond transport of respiratory gases, how do the respiratory and cardiovascular systems interact?

a. Regulation of BP by activation of angiotensin II

b. Bicarbonate ions contribution to the buffering capacity of blood

c. Maintenance of normal fluid and ion balance


BACK TO GAME

Documents

Chapter 21 – The Respiratory System