Chapter 23World War 1

Key Vocabulary

Militarism Central powers Allied Powers Trench Warfare U-boats Lusitania Zimmermann Note Liberty Bonds John J. Pershing Armistice League of Nations Reparations Treaty of Versailles Western Front Eastern Front Committee on Public Information Wilson’s 14 points No-Man’s- land

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Describe the 3 isms, then describe what they were and how they helped create tension in Europe the 1800’s

NationalismMilitarismImperialism

Nationalism

Pride in ones culture group and Country.

Militarism

Strengthen the Military to protect and expand power.

Imperialism

Stronger Countries using Military to take over smaller areas for natural resources.

The ISM’s

What was the immediate cause that led to war in 1914?

The assassination of Archduke Francis Ferdinand of Austria- Hungary by a Serbian national.

World War I Alliances

Describe how alliances played a role in creating a “World War”.

Alliances

Other Countries were drawn in to conflict due to their alliances.

Russia promised to help the Serbs, France and Britain were allies of Belgium who was invaded by Germany.

Austria- Hungary wanted to crush the Serbs, Germany joined them. Bulgaria and the Ottoman Empire joined with Germany to create the Central Powers.

Describe the role Belgian troops played in the War?

Belgium was able to slow down the German invasion of France so that other countries could help them.

How successful was trench warfare during WWI? Explain.

In the beginning it was useful. It allowed them to safely stay near the other army even if they had been defeated.

Later in the war it was not as useful. Planes, tanks, poison gas, and artillery shells all made trench less useful.

Describe why the early fighting in WWI was called a stalemate?

Because neither side was able to win a decisive victory.

The Germans unsuccessfully attacked Verdun in France at the southern end of the western front. T

he Allies attacked along the Somme River in Northeastern France and were only able to move 7 miles.

Identify and describe what events challenged US neutrality.

German U Boats attacked US trade ships. The Zimmermann note, where Mexico proposed an alliance between Mexico and Germany.

http://www.history.com/topics/lusitania/videos#u-boats-sink-the-lusitania-in-1915

Describe two ways that the government prepared for war.

The Government prepared for war by establishing the CPI (Committee on Public Information)that organized rallies an parades and published pamphlets supporting war.

Issued the draftMade Liberty bondsUpped production of

Military Supplies

Describe one way that Individual people helped in the preparations for

war.

People practiced Meatless Mondays or grew their own “Victory” gardens.

Liberty bondsWomen entered the

workforce

How did the United States increase government power in Schenk V. United States (1919)?

The government took away some free speech rights during time of war if a person’s speech were to present a “clear and present” danger.

List 3 factors that caused a labor shortage during the war in the United States.

Americans upped production so factories were running 24/7

The war put a stop to immigration, so there were not as many workers available

American men were fighting over seas in the war.

Describe what the AEF was. Did they fight right away? Explain.

The American Expeditionary Force

John Pershing said they needed training first.

They trained for 3 Months

http://www.history.com/topics/battle-of-the-somme/videos#wwi-firsts

Describe why Russia left the war.

Russia left the war because they had an uprising caused by the Bolsheviks. They had no food and decided they could not fight.

Describe how the Second Battle of the Marne was different than the first Battle of the

Marne.

The first battle of the Marne the Germans were stopped, but they were able to set up the western front.

Describe how the Second Battle of the Marne was different than the first Battle of the

Marne.

The second battle of the Marne the Germans also were stopped, but it signaled the end of the war, the Americans were involved in the second battle.

Identify 3 Significant events leading to the turning of the tide in the war.

1. The Involvement of the AEF, they stopped the German invasion at the Second battle of the Marne.

Identify 3 Significant events leading to the turning of the tide in the war.

2. The attacks that they were apart of along the Meuse River and the Argonne Forest as they headed to Germany, forcing the Kaiser to leave Germany.

Identify 3 Significant events leading to the turning of the tide in the war.

3. The American Navy and the convoy system to get supplies to their allies.

Turning Point of the War

http://www.history.com/videos/worls-war-i-germans-attack-us-navy-boats#world-war-i-germans-attack-us-navy-boats

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TWInz04illw

How is U.S. holiday Veteran’s Day related to WWI?

Veteran’s Day is celebrated on November 11 (11/11), the armistice or truce to end the war took place on the 11th hour of the 11th month in 1918. “All quiet on the western front”

Describe how the war affected the European economy.

The war devestated the economy in Europe. Many countries lost men who would have been the workers. Many Countries were in debt from the war.

The country side was torn apart by the trenches, artillery holes and crops and fields were burned.

Describe why the Flu epidemic of 1918 was so deadly?

The epidemic was so deadly because it was so contagious. People were scared and their daily lives changed to avoid the flu. Estimates say between 50 and 100 million people worldwide were killed from the disease.

Describe two reasons why the US Senate refused to ratify the Treaty of Versailles

1. The US Senate refused to ratify the Treaty because they did not feel that Germany had been punished enough

2. The US did not want to risk being pulled in to war by being a part of the League of Nations

Do you think the League of Nations would be very effective?

Not without the US as a member. The US had become one of the super powers in the world by the 1920’s.