Chapter 4 Chapter 4 –– The Colonies The Colonies

DevelopDevelop

Chapter 4 Chapter 4 –– OverviewOverview

The chapter examines the development of The chapter examines the development of the English colonies into four distinct the English colonies into four distinct regions: New England, Middle Colonies, regions: New England, Middle Colonies, Southern Colonies, and the Backcountry. Southern Colonies, and the Backcountry. Southern Colonies, and the Backcountry. Southern Colonies, and the Backcountry. The chapter also discusses the influence The chapter also discusses the influence of religion on the early colonies and the of religion on the early colonies and the increasing economic dependence on increasing economic dependence on slavery in the South.slavery in the South.

Chapter 4 Chapter 4 –– Section 1Section 1

Distinct Colonial Regions DevelopDistinct Colonial Regions Develop

–– Three major regions developThree major regions develop

The Farms and Towns of New EnglandThe Farms and Towns of New England

–– Farmers practiced subsistence farmingFarmers practiced subsistence farming

Harvesting the SeaHarvesting the Sea

–– Fishing became very important in New EnglandFishing became very important in New England–– Fishing became very important in New EnglandFishing became very important in New England

Atlantic TradeAtlantic Trade

–– The triangular Trade was startedThe triangular Trade was started

African Americans in New EnglandAfrican Americans in New England

–– There were few slaves in New EnglandThere were few slaves in New England

Changes in Puritan SocietyChanges in Puritan Society

–– There was a gradual decline of the Puritan religionThere was a gradual decline of the Puritan religion

New England ColoniesNew England Colonies

Rocky soil led to Rocky soil led to subsistence subsistence farmingfarming

FishingFishing, ship , ship FishingFishing, ship , ship building, & lumber building, & lumber were the main were the main resources.resources.

Triangular TradeTriangular Trade

A series of colonial A series of colonial

trade routes:trade routes:

–– Colonies > England > Colonies > England >

AfricaAfricaAfricaAfrica

Navigation ActsNavigation Acts

Laws that governed Laws that governed

trade between trade between

England and its England and its

colonies. colonies.

The purpose was to The purpose was to

strengthen England strengthen England

and make it richer and make it richer

(mercantilism).(mercantilism).

Subsistence FarmingSubsistence Farming

A farm that produces A farm that produces

enough food for the enough food for the

family with small family with small

additional amount for additional amount for

trade.trade.trade.trade.

Chapter 4 Chapter 4 –– Section 2Section 2

A Wealth of ResourcesA Wealth of Resources

–– Main cash crop was grainMain cash crop was grain

The Importance of MillsThe Importance of Mills

–– Mills produce flourMills produce flour

The Cities ProsperThe Cities Prosper

–– New York City & Philadelphia grew rapidlyNew York City & Philadelphia grew rapidly–– New York City & Philadelphia grew rapidlyNew York City & Philadelphia grew rapidly

A Diverse RegionA Diverse Region

–– Germans, English, Irish, & FrenchGermans, English, Irish, & French

A Climate of ToleranceA Climate of Tolerance

–– Diversity led to toleranceDiversity led to tolerance

African Americans in the Middle ColoniesAfrican Americans in the Middle Colonies

–– There were few slaves in the Middle ColoniesThere were few slaves in the Middle Colonies

Middle ColoniesMiddle Colonies

“Breadbasket “Breadbasket Colonies” Colonies”

GrainGrain, rum, iron, & , rum, iron, & lumber were the lumber were the lumber were the lumber were the main resources.main resources.

Cash CropCash Crop

A crop grown by a farmer to be sold for money A crop grown by a farmer to be sold for money

rather than for personal use.rather than for personal use.

Chapter 4 Chapter 4 –– Section 3Section 3

The Plantation EconomyThe Plantation Economy

–– Large plantations existed in the SouthLarge plantations existed in the South

The Turn to SlaveryThe Turn to Slavery

–– Plantations required manual labor > SLAVESPlantations required manual labor > SLAVES

Plantations ExpandPlantations Expand

–– Slavery allowed plantations to expandSlavery allowed plantations to expand–– Slavery allowed plantations to expandSlavery allowed plantations to expand

The Planter ClassThe Planter Class

–– Plantations owners became very wealthyPlantations owners became very wealthy

Life Under SlaveryLife Under Slavery

–– Slaves lived a very hard lifeSlaves lived a very hard life

Resistance to SlaveryResistance to Slavery

–– Some slaves rebelledSome slaves rebelled

Southern ColoniesSouthern Colonies

Good soil led to Good soil led to plantations & that plantations & that led to slavery.led to slavery.

Tobacco, rice, & Tobacco, rice, & Tobacco, rice, & Tobacco, rice, & cattle were the cattle were the main resources.main resources.

SlaverySlavery

People of African People of African

descent were brought descent were brought

to the Americas to to the Americas to

perform manual labor perform manual labor

in plantations.in plantations.in plantations.in plantations.

Chapter 4 Chapter 4 –– Section 4Section 4

Geography of the BackcountryGeography of the Backcountry

–– Located along the Appalachian MountainsLocated along the Appalachian Mountains

Backcountry SettlersBackcountry Settlers

–– Many moved there to escape the plantationsMany moved there to escape the plantations

The ScotsThe Scots--IrishIrish

–– They moved into the Backcountry regionThey moved into the Backcountry region–– They moved into the Backcountry regionThey moved into the Backcountry region

Backcountry LifeBackcountry Life

–– Life was very difficult and harshLife was very difficult and harsh

Other Peoples in North AmericaOther Peoples in North America

–– Spanish, French, & English competed for landSpanish, French, & English competed for land

Appalachian MountainsAppalachian Mountains

Mountain range Mountain range

located on eastern located on eastern

part of the United part of the United

States.States.

The Three Major RegionsThe Three Major Regions

New EnglandNew England

ColoniesColonies

MiddleMiddle

ColoniesColonies

SouthernSouthern

ColoniesColoniesMassachusettsMassachusetts New YorkNew York MarylandMaryland

Rhode IslandRhode Island New JerseyNew Jersey VirginiaVirginia

ConnecticutConnecticut DelawareDelaware North CarolinaNorth Carolina

New HampshireNew Hampshire PennsylvaniaPennsylvania South CarolinaSouth Carolina

GeorgiaGeorgia

Section 2Section 2Section 2Section 2Section 2Section 2Section 2Section 2

The MiddleThe MiddleThe MiddleThe MiddleThe MiddleThe MiddleThe MiddleThe Middle

Section 3Section 3Section 3Section 3Section 3Section 3Section 3Section 3

The SouthernThe SouthernThe SouthernThe SouthernThe SouthernThe SouthernThe SouthernThe Southern

Section 1Section 1Section 1Section 1Section 1Section 1Section 1Section 1

New EnglandNew EnglandNew EnglandNew EnglandNew EnglandNew EnglandNew EnglandNew England

ColoniesColoniesColoniesColoniesColoniesColoniesColoniesColonies

CHAPTER 4CHAPTER 4

The ColoniesThe ColoniesThe MiddleThe MiddleThe MiddleThe MiddleThe MiddleThe MiddleThe MiddleThe Middle

ColoniesColoniesColoniesColoniesColoniesColoniesColoniesColonies

Section 4Section 4Section 4Section 4Section 4Section 4Section 4Section 4

The The The The The The The The

BackcountryBackcountryBackcountryBackcountryBackcountryBackcountryBackcountryBackcountry

The SouthernThe SouthernThe SouthernThe SouthernThe SouthernThe SouthernThe SouthernThe Southern

ColoniesColoniesColoniesColoniesColoniesColoniesColoniesColoniesThe ColoniesThe Colonies

DevelopDevelop

ReferencesReferences

Creating America: Beginnings Through Creating America: Beginnings Through ReconstructionReconstruction by McDougal Little, 2003.by McDougal Little, 2003.

American Journey: The Quest for Liberty American Journey: The Quest for Liberty to 1877to 1877 by Prentice Hall, 1992.by Prentice Hall, 1992.to 1877to 1877 by Prentice Hall, 1992.by Prentice Hall, 1992.

www.abccliowww.abcclio--americanhistory.comamericanhistory.com

World Wide WebWorld Wide Web

Created by Asael Ruvalcaba Created by Asael Ruvalcaba –– Vela M.S.Vela M.S.