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CHAPTER 7
Copyright © 2003 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
CHAPTER 7: Power, Authority, and Governance
Copyright © 2003 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
The delegation of power is authority,authority, and its organization can be found in government:government:
• Monarchy:Monarchy: a system of government in which a single person (a king or queen) rules by inherited power
England’s government under Henry VIII was an absolute monarchy.
CHAPTER 7: Power, Authority, and Governance
Copyright © 2003 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
The delegation of power is authority,authority, and its organization can be found in government:government:
• Dictatorship:Dictatorship: a system of government in which one person has absolute authority, including complete domination of the citizens’ lives
The government of Iraq under Saddam Hussein was a dictatorship.
(Continued)
CHAPTER 7: Power, Authority, and Governance
Copyright © 2003 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
The delegation of power is authority,authority, and its organization can be found in government:government:
• Oligarchy:Oligarchy: a system of government in which a small group of people exercises total control
The South African Parliament during the years of Apartheid was a form of oligarchy.
(Continued)
CHAPTER 7: Power, Authority, and Governance
Copyright © 2003 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
The delegation of power is authority,authority, and its organization can be found in government:government:
• Theocracy:Theocracy: a system of government in which a religion establishes the principles of laws and religious leaders interpret and enforce those laws
The former Taliban government in Afghanistan was a theocracy.
(Continued)
CHAPTER 7: Power, Authority, and Governance
Copyright © 2003 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
The delegation of power is authority,authority, and its organization can be found in government:government:
• Democracy:Democracy: a system of government in which the will of the majority rules and citizens choose representatives in free elections
The United States government is a democracy.
(Continued)
CHAPTER 7: Power, Authority, and Governance
Copyright © 2003 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
The democratic principle of a “free” government began in pre-Christian Greece and Rome.
The Greek philosopher Aristotle believed that the democratic Greek “city-state” was the natural form of government.
The term “veto,” which means “I forbid” in Latin, came from the Senate of the Roman Republic.
CHAPTER 7: Power, Authority, and Governance
Copyright © 2003 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
The American colonies formed a democracy when they proclaimed their independence from England and organized as a nation.
(Continued)
The Signing of the Constitution by Howard Chandler Christy, 1940
The Declaration of Independence by John Trumbull, 1824
CHAPTER 7: Power, Authority, and Governance
Copyright © 2003 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
The U.S. Constitution provides a blueprint for a government that consists of three branches, with power balanced between them.
(Continued)
CHAPTER 7: Power, Authority, and Governance
Copyright © 2003 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
A system of checks and balanceschecks and balances keeps one branch of the government from becoming too powerful.
(Continued)
• The president can vetoveto a law drafted by Congress.
• Congress can override a veto with a two-thirds majority vote.
• The Supreme court can declare a law unconstitutional.
CHAPTER 7: Power, Authority, and Governance
Copyright © 2003 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
The Constitution is read, interpreted, and sometimes changed to adapt to shifting needs.• There are 27
constitutional amendments.amendments.
• An amendment is proposed by
1) two thirds of both houses
2) a national convention
• The first ten amendments are called the Bill of Bill of Rights.Rights.
CHAPTER 7: Power, Authority, and Governance
Copyright © 2003 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
The U.S. struggles to keep a balance between individual freedom and general order.
(Continued)
“This sweeping legislation must be fixed if Americans are to preserve our basic freedoms and protect ourselves from broad government searches of our personal records and information.”
--American Civil Liberties Union Website
“There’s a thin line between increasing the powers of our federal government and maintaining Americans’ and Montanans’ civil liberties. I believe the bill we passed today balances the needs of protecting our rights as citizens of this great country.”
--Senator Max Baucus (D-MT), October 25, 2001
The USA Patriot Act is one of the most controversial laws passed in recent history.
CHAPTER 7: Power, Authority, and Governance
Copyright © 2003 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
Political views vary in extremes and moderation.
(Continued)
The Political Spectrum
CHAPTER 7: Power, Authority, and Governance
Copyright © 2003 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
Political corruption is one reason for voter cynicism and nonparticipation.
(Continued)
President Richard M. Nixon resigns from office in the wake
of the Watergate Scandal, 1974
Colonel Oliver North testifies at the Iran-Contra hearings,
1987
President Bill Clinton testifies before the grand
jury about his relationship with White House intern Monica
Lewinsky, 1998
CHAPTER 7: Power, Authority, and Governance
Copyright © 2003 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
An American citizen has several responsibilities:Voting
Income Tax
Jury Duty
Selective Service (males only)
CHAPTER 7: Power, Authority, and Governance
Copyright © 2003 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
There are many other ways that citizens can engage in democracy.
(Continued)
• Attend meetings to gain information, discuss issues, or lend support.
• Sign a petition.• Write letters to elected
representatives.• Campaign for a candidate; lobby for
laws• Demonstrate through marches, sit-
ins, boycotts, or other forms of protest.
Copyright © 2003 by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
THE ENDTHE ENDPractice the skills you learned in this chapter by taking the Chapter Review QuizChapter Review Quiz or the GED GED Practice QuizPractice Quiz.
CHAPTER 7: Power, Authority, and Governance
