Circulatory and Respiratory System

Vocabulary!1. Atrium2. Ventricle3. Pulmonary Circulation4. Systemic Circulation5. Valves6. Pacemaker7. Capillaries8. Veins

9. Arteries10. Pharynx11. Trachea12. Bronchi13. Alveoli14. diaphragm

The Circulatory System•The blood, heart, and blood vessels form the cardiovascular system•The lymph, lymph nodes, and lymph vessels form the lymphatic system•The Cardiovascular system and the lymphatic system make up the CIRCULATORY SYSTEM

The Heart•A muscular organ that pumps blood through a

network of blood vessels•Pumps on average more than 2.5 billion times in a

lifetime•About the size of your fist•A tough, sac-like membrane surrounds the heart=

pericardium

Actual Images of the Human Heart

Heart Coloring Page

Anatomy of the Heart• The septum (a wall) divides the heart into two sides• Left side pumps blood to the lungs, right side pumps blood to

the body• Each side of the heart is broken up into an upper and lower

chamber• Upper Chamber=atrium• Lower Chamber= ventricle• Valves are flaps of tissue that open in one direction• The atrioventricular valve (Aortic Valve) on the right is a

tricuspid valve• The mitral valve, or bicuspid valve is on the left

Brain Pop! Heart

Circulation in the Heart—Follow along on your coloring sheets!

1. Deoxygenated blood enters the right atrium2. Right atrium sends deoxygenated blood into the right ventricle3. Muscles of the right ventricle contract and force the blood into the

pulmonary arteries (arteries send blood AWAY from the heart)4. The pulmonary artery sends the blood to the lungs where the blood

will pick up oxygen5. The oxygenated blood returns to the left atrium of the heart6. The oxygenated blood is then pumped into the left ventricle7. Contraction of the muscular walls of the left ventricle force the blood

into the largest blood vessel, the AORTA8. From the AORTA blood is pumped into all parts of the body

Heart Circulation Video Clip• 4 facts

Circulatory Songs• #1 Mr. Parr• #2 Rap

Control of the Heartbeat• The heart muscles force the heart to contract to move the blood

from one chamber to another• The SINOATRIAL NODE (SA) is a group of specialized cells in the

right atrium that initiate an electrical impulse (often called the pacemaker)• The electrical impulse reaches the ATRIOVENTRICULAR NODE in the

septum causing the ventricles to contract a fraction of a second later than the atriums…. • With each beat, the respective heart valves close to keep blood

from flowing backwards…“lub-dub” heart beat is the sound of the valves closing• If there is a defect or problem with a valve blood can go backwards

and is heard as a ‘murmur’

Blood Vessels•ARTERIES are large, muscular vessels that carry blood

away from the heart• Your ARTERIES stretch with each heartbeat (this is

your ‘pulse’)• The force that blood exerts against the inside walls of

a blood vessel= BLOOD PRESSURE•High blood pressure = HYPERTENSION

Capillaries and Veins•Blood begins in the AORTA, the largest artery•From the AORTA, blood flows through smaller arteries, which then divide into smaller arterioles, and then even tinier capillaries.•Blood flows back to the heart going from capillaries, to venules, to veins, the VENA CAVA, to the heart

Brain Pop Circulatory System!

Circulatory System Coloring

Crash Course

Respiratory System•The RESPIRATORY SYSTEM exchanges gases with the cardiovascular system•The LUNGS are the site of the gas exchange between the atmosphere and the blood

Respiratory Coloring

Path of Air—Follow along on your coloring sheet!

1. Air is taken in through the mouth and nose, in the nose air is filtered through small hairs and mucous membranes which moisten and warm the air

2. The air then moves to the throat or PHARYNX3. The EPIGLOTTIS is a small flap that covers the opening to the trachea (so you

don’t swallow food)4. Passing the pharynx, air goes into the TRACHEA (or windpipe) and is lined

with cilia to trap particles5. Air also passes the LARYNX (or voicebox) at this point6. The Trachea breaks into 2 BRONCHI which lead to the 2 lungs7. The bronchi branch into smaller and smaller tubes: BRONCHIOLES and finally

ALVEOLI, tiny air sacs where the gas exchange occurs

Video Clip—Path of Air

Breathing• INSPIRATION=taking air into the lungs•When you breathe in, your DIAPHRAGM contracts and pushes up, expanding the lungs•When you breathe out—EXPIRATION--, your DIAPHRAGM relaxes•Breathing is controlled by your Nervous System and Brain•FUN FACT—you can’t suffocate yourself by holding your breath!

Lab/Activity