CITY OF CENTRAL, COLORADO · CITY OF CENTRAL, COLORADO PREFACE 2017 Design Guidelines Update These are the 2017 updated design guidelines for the City of Central, replacing the preceding

July 18, 2017 – Approved by City Council

CITY OF CENTRAL, COLORADO

CENTRAL CITY DESIGN GUIDELINES


DISCLOSURES These Design Guidelines represent the concerns and desires of the City of Central Historic Preservation Commission and City

Council. Any adoption or modification of the Design Guidelines shall be solely the responsibility of the City of Central.

The Design Guidelines are intended as guidelines for projects only within the National Historic District and within the boundaries

of the City of Central. They are not intended to provide the detail necessary to construct, remodel or repair any aspect of a

project. Persons interested in developing a project within the city shall consult with and rely upon appropriate design

professionals.

CREDITS Historic Preservation Commission

Alex Thome, Chair

Deborah L. Wray, Chair Pro-Tem

Margaret Grant

David Forsyth

Mary Bell

Jackie Mitchell

Barbara Thielemann, Alternate

City Council

Kathy Heider, Mayor

Shirley Voorhies, Mayor Pro-Tem

Judy Laratta

Jeff Aiken

Mary Bell

City Manager

Daniel R Miera, MPA

Consultant Team

RPI Consulting DHM Design

Durango, Colorado Durango, Colorado

(970) 382-9886 (970) 385-4219

Gabe Preston Ann Christensen

Susan Chism

Kelly Rottman

Ken Abel

Photos provided by The City of Central. Photographers were Abbey Christman and Beth Glandon with the Center of Preservation

Research (CoPR) at the University of Colorado Denver.

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Table of Contents PREFACE .......................................................................................................................................................................................... 3

2017 Design Guidelines Update ..................................................................................................................................................... 3

Summary of Historic Preservation ................................................................................................................................................. 3

Importance of Maintaining Historic Assets .................................................................................................................................... 4

INTRODUCTION TO DESIGN REVIEW ....................................................................................................................................... 7

THE RELATIONSHIP OF DESIGN REVIEW TO THE CITY'S ZONING ORDINANCE .................................................... 7

ORGANIZATION AND FORMAT .......................................................................................................................................... 7

DISTINCT NEIGHBORHOODS IN THE DISTRICT .............................................................................................................. 7

DESIGN REVIEW PROCESS ................................................................................................................................................... 7

GUIDELINE CONCEPTS ......................................................................................................................................................... 7

The concept of "visual continuity" in neighborhoods ................................................................................................................ 7

The concept of "compatibility" in the district ............................................................................................................................. 8

ARCHITECTURAL STYLES OF THE CITY OF CENTRAL ......................................................................................................... 9

Residential Overview ................................................................................................................................................................. 9

Commercial Styles ................................................................................................................................................................... 11

Mining Character ...................................................................................................................................................................... 12

Chapter 1 - PRINCIPLES FOR NEW CONSTRUCTION AND INFILL ....................................................................................... 14

Settlement Patterns ....................................................................................................................................................................... 14

Building Scale .............................................................................................................................................................................. 15

Building Form, Shape and Proportion .......................................................................................................................................... 16

Building Materials and Color ....................................................................................................................................................... 17

Exterior Lighting .......................................................................................................................................................................... 20

Landscape Design and Paving ...................................................................................................................................................... 20

Rock Walls and Fences ................................................................................................................................................................ 21

Addressing .................................................................................................................................................................................... 22

Views ............................................................................................................................................................................................ 23

Chapter 2 - PRINCIPLES FOR ADDITIONS, PORCHES, DECKS, OUTBUILDINGS, AND NEW TECHNOLOGY .............. 25

Additions to Existing Buildings ................................................................................................................................................... 25

Porches and Decks.................................................................................................................................................................... 26

Outbuildings ............................................................................................................................................................................. 27

New Technology ...................................................................................................................................................................... 27

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Chapter 3 - PRINCIPLES FOR REHABILITATION OF EXISTING BUILDINGS ...................................................................... 29

Section A: General principles for rehabilitation ....................................................................................................................... 29

Section B: Rehabilitation of commercial structures ................................................................................................................. 29

Section C: Rehabilitation of residential structures ................................................................................................................... 29

Section A: General Principles for Rehabilitation ......................................................................................................................... 29

Appropriateness of Use ............................................................................................................................................................ 30

Preservation of Significant Original Qualities .......................................................................................................................... 30

Replacement or Substitution of Original Features .................................................................................................................... 31

New System and Code Compliance in Existing Buildings ....................................................................................................... 32

Existing Alterations on Historic Buildings ............................................................................................................................... 32

Section B: Guidelines for the Rehabilitation of Commercial Type Buildings ............................................................................. 33

Guidelines for Typical Building Components .......................................................................................................................... 33

Section C: Guidelines for the Rehabilitation of Residential Type Buildings ............................................................................... 36

Doors ........................................................................................................................................................................................ 36

Windows................................................................................................................................................................................... 36

Fences ....................................................................................................................................................................................... 37

Porches ..................................................................................................................................................................................... 39

Rock Walls ............................................................................................................................................................................... 40

Roofs ........................................................................................................................................................................................ 41

Siding ....................................................................................................................................................................................... 41

Chapter 4 - PRINCIPLES FOR MAINTENANCE .......................................................................................................................... 43

NEIGHBORHOODS ....................................................................................................................................................................... 48

Commercial Core Neighborhood ................................................................................................................................................. 48

Warehouse Neighborhood ............................................................................................................................................................ 49

Gregory Gulch Mixed Use Neighborhood ................................................................................................................................... 50

Eureka Street Neighborhood ........................................................................................................................................................ 53

Residential Neighborhoods .......................................................................................................................................................... 54

Quartz Hill Neighborhood ............................................................................................................................................................ 55

APPENDIX ...................................................................................................................................................................................... 57

Glossary ........................................................................................................................................................................................ 57

Reference to Paint Colors ............................................................................................................................................................. 64

Reference to 1993 Guidelines ...................................................................................................................................................... 64

Reference to the current Secretary of the Interior’s Standards ..................................................................................................... 64

American with Disabilities Act .................................................................................................................................................... 65

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Reference to Disaster Preparedness for Historic Structures ......................................................................................................... 65

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PREFACE

2017 Design Guidelines Update These are the 2017 updated design guidelines for the City of Central, replacing the preceding 1981 and 1993 versions. The 2017

design guidelines were developed as part of a larger community effort to update the city’s Comprehensive Plan, Land Use Code

and Design Guidelines. Members of the Historic Preservation and Planning Commissions directed the project, and the City

Council played an active role in establishing policies. Members of the community also participated in the revision of the design

guidelines. The new guidelines retain some of the original language of both earlier versions, as well as any applicable photos.

New photos and sketches were added as needed to respond to the current challenges and goals of the guidelines.

In the process of revising the guidelines to align with the Comprehensive Plan and Land Use Code, current day challenges were

identified:

1. Potential loss of historic structures with high integrity through demolition by neglect.

2. Guidelines without clarity to city staff and public.

3. Rehabilitation and new development hampered by difficult development process.

While earlier guidelines addressed increased development pressures, the focus is now to make guidelines more user friendly to

encourage new development as well as the repair and maintenance of existing structures. Experience from the administration of

the original 1981 and 1993 design guidelines over the past years has also identified areas of information that need clarification.

This has mandated the need for new guidelines. Critical goals for the new guidelines have been identified:

1. Keep existing historic buildings from demolition due to disrepair.

2. Improve building occupancy and grow the economy.

3. Modernize and maintain structures for sustainability.

4. Balancing Victorian era preservation with modern demand.

Summary of Historic Preservation Historic preservation is integral to The City of Central. The city’s charter recognizes this and makes it one of the most important

rights and privileges of the city. The following statement from the city’s charter is the basis for historic preservation in The City

of Central:

“The overriding principle that has guided the formation of the Charter is the appreciation and respect each of us possesses for

the natural beauty and rich history of our city. Surrounded by the Rocky Mountains, the city's people live in limited space and in

the infinity of nature. This Charter acknowledges the debt owed to those who came before us in acting as caretakers for the

natural resource that is our city, and is a commitment to undertake its stewardship as a trust in the interest of those who will

come after us.”

On September 5, 1966, the Secretary of the Interior placed The City of Central on the National Register of Historic Places as a

National Historic Landmark, the highest level of significance for resources that contribute to the nation's history. On July 17,

1991, the National Park Service clarified the boundaries of the district, to include Black Hawk and Nevadaville. In addition to

being a National Historic Landmark, the district is on the list of the National Register of Historic Places. This list is the nation's

record of properties of national, state and local significance maintained by the Secretary of the Interior.

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In 1981, The City of Central adopted an historic preservation ordinance to protect, enhance and perpetuate the historic district and

its resources of historical, architectural or geographic significance. The ordinance designated the entire National Historic

Landmark district within the city limits to be a local historic district, subject to protection through local police powers. The City

Council established the Historic Preservation Commission, whose duties include the review of all proposed alterations that may

affect the integrity of the district. Design guidelines, developed by Community Services Collaborative, were also adopted at that

time, and the Commission used these to make determinations of appropriateness. A new preservation ordinance was adopted in

1991 that clarified review procedures, established criteria for demolition and created special categories of significance, including

"Victorian Landmark" interiors. Following the new ordinance, the guidelines were updated in 1993 by RNL Design and Winter

& Company.

The local and national historic district designations recognize that the Central City-Black Hawk district is unique. The City of

Central's built environment is a fragile system of historic and natural features, which can be diminished with neglect of existing

structures and inappropriate development. To assure the alterations and new development retain the integrity of the historic area,

design guidelines are required to monitor the character of change and to offer practical standards the community can use in

making design decisions. The City of Central design guidelines were created to preserve the historic character of the community

and to protect an important part of the heritage of the Rocky Mountain region.

Importance of Maintaining Historic Assets The Secretary of the Interior’s Standards for the Treatment of Historic Properties embody two important objectives: 1) the

preservation of historic materials and, 2) the preservation of a building’s distinguishing character. The City of Central also

believes that all historic structures, their historic materials and the character of all structures are of vital importance. It is the main

objective of the City of Central Historic Preservation Commission to ensure that that all historic assets in the city are maintained

into the future.

The National Trust for Historic Preservation describes well why one should save old buildings:

1. Old buildings have intrinsic value.

2. When you tear down an old building, you never know what’s being destroyed. Buildings have hidden architectural

gems.

3. New businesses prefer old buildings. Businesses such as bookstores, antique stores, ethnic restaurants, neighborhood

pubs and small start-ups thrive in old buildings.

4. Old Buildings attract people. Older buildings are just more interesting.

5. Old Buildings are reminders of a city’s culture and complexity. A city needs old buildings to maintain a sense of

permanency and heritage.

6. The preservation of historic buildings is a one-way street. Once a piece of history is destroyed, it is lost forever.

Cited from: The National Trust for Historic Preservation, “Six Reasons to Save Old Buildings” by Julia Rocchi and Jack Neely’s

article, “Nine Practical Reasons to Save Old Buildings” at Metro Pulse.


CITY OF CENTRAL, COLORADO Figure A

See the Official Copy of this map on file at the City Clerk’s Office.

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Figure B

See the Official Copy of this map on file at the City Clerk’s Office.

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INTRODUCTION TO DESIGN REVIEW This chapter explains the organization, format, and basic concepts of the guidelines.

THE RELATIONSHIP OF DESIGN REVIEW TO THE CITY'S ZONING ORDINANCE

These guidelines apply to all applications that are subject to review by the Historic Preservation Commission or Historic

Preservation Officer, as provided in the Land Use Code. The guidelines are applied in addition to other applicable standards in

the Land Use Code.

ORGANIZATION AND FORMAT

These guidelines are organized to provide the most critical information one needs to proceed with a project within the historic

district of Central City. These guidelines, along with the Land Use Code, will provide the parameters in which one can consider

the design of new construction and additions as well as rehabilitation projects. Maintenance of historic structures is critical, thus

information on how one may proceed with routine maintenance tasks is also provided. References in the appendix to historical

descriptions of the city and it’s neighborhoods as well as other sources of information related to historic districts and building

within them are included. A glossary of terms and index can also be found in the appendix. Refer to the table of contents for a

more detailed outline of the items included in the design guidelines.

The guidelines are formatted into four chapters, which follow typical pathways for projects one may seek to consider:

1. Guidelines for New Construction for Principal Structures and Infill

2. Guidelines for New Construction for Additions, Porches, Outbuildings, and New Technology

3. Guidelines for Rehabilitation

4. Guidelines for Maintenance

One shall consult with the appropriate chapter in detail as well as familiarize oneself with the other chapters. In addition,

determine if your project site falls within a designated neighborhood as additional guidelines may apply.

DISTINCT NEIGHBORHOODS IN THE DISTRICT

Specific guidelines apply to several distinct neighborhoods in the city. In these areas, the neighborhood as a whole is considered

the context for a project, as well as its immediate surroundings. When looking at a neighborhood, certain elements such as the

height of buildings, the distances between structures, or the size and shape of openings create patterns. These patterns, when

repeated, create visual continuity to the streetscape. This continuity is vital to the historic character of the district

DESIGN REVIEW PROCESS

The Design Review Process, how one receives a Certificate of Appropriateness, and roles of the Historic Preservation

Commission and Historic Preservation Officer are described in the City of Central Land Use Code. It is important to understand

the process as well as the guidelines and consultation with both documents is highly recommended.

GUIDELINE CONCEPTS

The concept of "visual continuity" in neighborhoods

Each of Central City's neighborhoods has a distinct visual character. Many of these areas exhibit a sense of visual continuity

because of the similarity of building types and siting characteristics found there. For example, in most residential neighborhoods,

small cottages are evenly spaced along the street, creating a rhythm of buildings and open spaces. The warehouses along Spring

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Street have massive masonry fronts and align at the sidewalk edge, creating a strong sense of visual continuity. Preserving and

enhancing this visual continuity within each neighborhood is also a primary goal of the guidelines.

By contrast, a few of the neighborhoods are not homogeneous within themselves, but are diverse architecturally. These generally

contained a variety of land uses, which is reflected in the mix of building types found there. Historically, this was true of the

Gregory Gulch, which contained a variety of building types in a mix of sizes that were randomly sited throughout the area. In

such neighborhoods, the goal is to sustain, even reinforce, this diversity.

The concept of "compatibility" in the district

One goal for the historic district is to have new construction that is compatible. In general, buildings similar in character to those

in the neighborhood will be compatible. This is achieved through the use of similar elements of site designs, building forms,

materials and details. It is also essential that new buildings exhibit a strong reference to structures in the area seen historically.

This concept of "historic reference" means new building designs shall accurately draw upon historic precedents. It does not mean,

however, that historic styles shall be meticulously copied. Subtle distinctions between old and new buildings are welcomed, in

order to aid in interpreting the evolution of the district.

In developing the guidelines, the city drew upon the historic character of the community as a base of reference for many policies

and, in general, those features known to exist in the period of historic significance are considered appropriate elements for new

designs. There are some cases, however, where an historic feature is not considered appropriate for new building because of

health and safety codes or concern for durability. Tar paper, for example, is not considered an appropriate cladding material, even

though it was used in the past. In other cases, use of a certain material is discouraged because it appeared in limited amounts

historically and its extensive use would alter the character of the district. For example, exposed concrete foundations were used

historically, but less so than rock and therefore rock is preferred for new foundations in order to maintain the predominance of

this material.

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ARCHITECTURAL STYLES OF THE CITY OF CENTRAL

The City of Central contains many present-day examples of the different architectural styles introduced over time within the

historic district. It is important to understand the style of a structure when seeking to rehabilitate it and the following descriptions

will help with proper identification. When seeking to design and

construct a new development, these styles shall be taken into

consideration. Infill residential projects shall be restricted to

the architectural styles described here. Showing that the

proposed work is compatible with the architectural styles of the

neighborhood is an important step in obtaining a Certificate of

Appropriateness.

Residential and commercial styles of The City of Central include

vernacular log cabins covered with clapboards and more refined

interpretations of Greek Revival, Carpenter Gothic, French

Mansard, Italianate, Queen Anne, and Romanesque designs.

While the size, shape and simplicity of The City of Central's

buildings make the greatest visual impact, the creative

adaptations of the various Victorian styles are equally important

contributions to its mining town architecture. A description of

the architectural styles represented in The City of Central

follows.

Residential Overview

Greek Revival - One of the earliest styles used in residences was

Greek Revival, it consisted of a symmetrical, straight-edged

design, painted white with Greek detailing in varying degrees of

accuracy for the facade. The overall effect was horizontal, with a

low-pitched roof line and a facade wider than high. Although

there are no true examples of Greek Revival residences, the

addition of triangular pediments over windows and doors is one

of the most common stylistic additions to log or otherwise plain

frame structures. In a further refinement, a broken pediment

gable end is used with engaged columns at each corner. Refer to

photo i.

Photo i

Attached columns that frame the outside edges of narrow clapboard

siding and triangular pediments over windows are Greek Revival details

that appear on this vernacular, L-shape plan house.

Photo ii

Gothic Revival tracery is seen in the intricately carved barge boards of

this gabled end cottage. The porch posts also convey a Gothic Revival

Character, while the symmetrical composition with full-front gable

suggests Greek Revival influences.

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Gothic Revival - The Gothic Revival stone house was translated

into western terms by using wood in place of stone. This gave

rise to the term "Carpenter Gothic." This adaptation style

consists of narrow lap siding or board-and-batten siding. The

stone tracery became narrow-arched windows and intricately

carved barge boards. The roof is steeply pitched, the openings

narrow and pointed, and the structure seems taller than it is wide

lending to a vertical style. Refer to photo ii.

Italianate – In the Italianate style, masonry construction was

adapted to wood frame construction in an elongated cube with

an almost flat roof and heavy bracketed corners. In the City of

Central residential architecture, the basic structure is similar to

other residential types with the addition of Italianate details.

Refer to photo iii.

French Mansard – This style usually consists of the

addition of a mansard roof and dormer windows to an otherwise

box form. The effect is horizontal and rectangular. While the

materials of the building may be the same as used in other

architectural styles, the roof line and horizontal orientation of the

structure make it stand out noticeably. Refer to photo iv.

Queen Anne – While there are no true examples of Queen Anne

style residences in the City of Central, details of this style are

found. They consist of the additions of porches, overhangs, oriel

and bay windows, stained and leaded glass, balconies, dormers,

turrets, towers, and the use of several different materials for a single building exterior Including clapboards, shingles, and bricks.

Refer to photo v.

Mining Character – After the end of the active mining period in

the history of the City of Central, mine buildings have been

converted to residences. This style consists of the re-use of once

active mining buildings, made of natural materials such as rubble

rock and wood. Any new structure of this style proposed shall

match the scale of the adjoining residential structures. Refer to

Mining Character under commercial styles for additional

information.

Photo iii

Ornamental window heads and the elaborate brackets over the entry are

Italianate details seen on this L-shape plan cottage, located in the High

Street residential neighborhood.

Photo v

Queen Anne details, including turned porch posts, railings and scroll

work in gable ends, add stylistic features to this hip-roof cottage.

Photo iv

The mansard roof with dormer windows are indicative of the French

Mansard style. This example is on Casey Street.

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Commercial Styles The earliest commercial structures in mining boom towns

followed an evolutionary pattern of tents, upgraded to log

cabins, followed by log buildings boarded over with siding.

Simple frame structures with steeply pitched roofs were next.

Commercial styles of architecture was then used once the simple

structures were in place with the addition of a greater variety of

architectural details. See descriptions of the styles below.

False Front - Using a false front, a simple, small single-story

structure could be made to look as imposing as a two-story

building, creating the appearance of a more settled and

progressive city. The interior space was deep and narrow with

two large display windows on either side of a recessed central

entry door. This one-story structure gradually expanded to two-

stories, with offices and shops below, and living quarters and

meeting areas above. Building materials for early false front structures were usually wood clapboard or board-and-batten. In

structures built later, brick, stone, and cast iron were used, although cast iron was rare, and more commonly used in Italianate

buildings. The cornice was the only elaborately detailed portion of the false front.

Italianate - Italianate design was the first Victorian style to influence commercial architecture. Wood frame buildings gave way

to brick, stone and cast iron. These materials were permanent, fire resistant and more like eastern examples than the wood frame

structures. Italianate structures were very similar to the false

front. There were usually two or three stories replacing the

empty space behind the false front with offices and apartments.

Shops under a common second floor created larger building

"blocks." Flat roofs and elaborately detailed cornices and

window beads are the features of Italianate architecture. Cast

iron front became a popular detail of Italianate commercial

buildings since it was durable, fire resistant, structurally very

strong, and could be elaborately ornamented. Pressed metal

detailing was a popular way to ornament cornices and windows.

Refer to photo vi and vii.

Queen Anne - The Queen Anne style is differentiated from the

Italianate by a greater variety in surface detailing. The basic

layout of the buildings remained the same, with a series of shops

under a common second floor. Queen Anne style frequently

eliminated cast iron fronts and pressed metal ornamentation, and

replaced them with panel brickwork. In the City of Central, there

are a few examples of buildings ornamented only by panel brickwork. A combination of Italianate and Queen Anne elements is

much more common. These structures often combine more detailed first floor storefronts and cornices with fairly simple panel

brickwork.

Photo vi

Italianate features abound in Central City’s commercial structures, as

illustrated by this building on Main Street. These include deep, ornate

cornices and elaborate window heads.

Photo vii

The Gilpin County Courthouse combines Romanesque arches and loggia

with Italianate towers.

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Romanesque Revival - The Romanesque Revival style was

frequently combined with Queen Anne panel brickwork. It

featured rusticated masonry walls, towers, and heavy, round-

headed arches. The best example of Romanesque Revival style is

the Gilpin County Courthouse which has rusticated brickwork,

round-headed arches at the entrance and two towers. However,

the towers are Italianate in detail, identified by their square

proportion and low pitched roof with brackets. Refer to photo vii

& viii.

Colonial Revival - The Colonial Revival style is represented by

the addition of classic details such as swags or columns to

buildings of previous architectural styles. Refer to photo ix.

Mining Character

Mining buildings were some of the first permanent structures

built in Colorado. Typically, these were initially rubble rock and

wood structures – cabins, sheds, mine heads and supports. Over

time and with the availability of other materials, most

significantly rugged and durable steel panels, there developed a

more refined typology of building types unique to each of the

extraction, assay and processing methods of mineral

extraction. These were very basic utilitarian buildings and their

forms derived primarily from the minimal enclosure required for

the process in demand. These metal clad mining buildings are

almost always simple sheds with layered flat or corrugated steel

siding. The interior structure is typically lumber framed for the

smaller buildings, steel beams and trusses for the larger buildings. Many of these buildings are large sheds, sloping down with

the typography. Refer to photo x.

Portions of this historic overview include references from:

1. Allyn S. Feinberg, Standards and Design Guidelines of

Central City (Boulder; The City of Central and Community

Services Collaborative, 1981),III.17

2. Hollenbeck, Frank R., Central City and Black Hawk, Then and Now (Denver; Sage Books, Alan Swallow, 1961)

3. The National Register survey, prepared by the National Park Service, 1987, revised 1990.

Photo viii

Romanesque arches are also seen on simple masonry warehouse buildings,

such as these located at the intersection of Gregory and Spring Streets.

Early commercial buildings often had arched openings on the ground

floor.

Photo x

A utilitarian mining structure, the Gregory Gaston Mine.

Photo ix

An Italianate building with Colonial Revival ornamentation.

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4. City of Central and RNL Design/Winter & Co., Central City Colorado Design Guidelines, revised September 28, 1993.

5. Gerwing, Mark Alan (2010, March 31). Colorado vernacular – mining buildings [Blog post]. Retrieved from

http://mgerwing.wordpress.com/2010/03/31/colorado-vernacular-mining-buildings/

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CHAPTER 1 - PRINCIPLES FOR NEW CONSTRUCTION AND INFILL The guidelines in this section apply to all projects, including rehabilitation, addition, and new building throughout the historic

district. Similarly, they apply to all primary and secondary structures as well as site walls. New construction projects are

proposed new structures on land where buildings did not previously exist or on those lots not currently surrounded by existing

structures. Infill projects are new construction put in place of an old building or vacant lot in an area when other structures

currently exist. In addition to the principles outlined in this chapter, consult the applicable neighborhood chapter for any

neighborhood specific guidelines.

Settlement Patterns A sense of visual unity of a neighborhood is established where similar building features are frequently repeated. The uniform

alignment of building fronts on Main Street is an example of a repeated feature, which, in that case, contributes to the visual unity

of the commercial core. The orientation of a structure in a neighborhood is a strong visual element which creates and establishes a

sense of "neighborhood" and shall be maintained. These distinctive settlement patterns vary with each neighborhood and shall be

respected.

Guideline 1:

Repeat historic settlement patterns.

Locate new buildings so they are arranged on their sites similarly to historic buildings in the neighborhood.

This includes consideration of building setbacks, building

orientation and open space, all of which are addressed in more

detail in other design guidelines that follow.

An important characteristic is that buildings in residential areas

were often sited on terraces or were partially excavated into

hillsides. Specific conditions are discussed in the neighborhood

guidelines.

Guideline 2:

Buildings shall be oriented in a manner that is similar to those typically

found historically in the neighborhood and specifically on adjoining

properties.

In most cases, primary entrances were oriented to the street. This

siting pattern shall be maintained in new construction.

Avoid facing main entrances toward the side yards.

Building setbacks shall be similar to those seen historically, in

accordance with current zoning regulations.

Spacing between buildings shall be similar to that of adjacent

structures to provide a sense of visual continuity.

Locating secondary structures to the side and rear of primary buildings is appropriate, respecting all zoning regulations

and setbacks. Refer to figure C.

Guideline 3:

Preserve the historic street layout.

Figure C

Buildings shall be aligned in a pattern that is similar to those

historically found in the neighborhood. Provide side yard set

backs in spacing patterns similar to those seen historically in

the neighborhood.

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Curvilinear streets, which follow site contours and “sloped grids” that were laid against a hillside, were a part of the

City’s heritage. New streets, extensions to existing streets, and access drives shall maintain a curving quality, repeating

the patterns established by existing streets.

This topographically shaped street pattern shall be maintained throughout the City. Closing streets or alleys, and

aggregating properties into larger developments would also diminish the perception of the street pattern.

Any new streets, extensions of existing streets, or access drives that would run directly up steep hills are discouraged.

Such streets are difficult to maintain, run off creates erosion and access in the winter is difficult.

Guideline 4:

Respect the natural setting of building sites.

Work with the existing topography rather than radically reshaping it, since the topography is a part of the historic

character.

Building Scale Similarity in historic building heights is an important factor that contributes to the visual continuity of the district and to the

individual neighborhoods. New buildings shall not overwhelm nearby historic structures in building height, and shall be within

the range of heights found historically along the section of the neighborhood. The size and scale of a building, as defined by its

height, width and depth, therefore, shall be similar to those of historic structures in the neighborhood. In addition to creating

visual continuity, the consistent size of most historic buildings in The City of Central establishes human scale that encourages

walking. This pedestrian-friendly character is a key to the town’s character and shall be emphasized in new buildings.

Guideline 5:

Reinforce the visual unity of the section of the neighborhood surrounding the proposed project site.

The specific context of each individual section is an important feature to consider, as is the neighborhood. This includes

both sides of the street.

In some neighborhoods, a variety in buildings and settlement patterns contributes to the visual character and this feature

shall be respected in these cases.

Guideline 6:

Buildings shall appear to be similar in scale, height and width to those historically found in the neighborhood

An abrupt change in scale within neighborhoods of the historic district is inappropriate. New structures shall respect the

scale of adjacent structures in the immediate vicinity, even if zoning regulations were to allow for a larger scaled

structure (excluding development in Gregory

Gulch).

Dividing the total floor area of a project into

multiple structures is encouraged as a way to

reduce the scale of individual buildings.

Using secondary structures to house some

functions is also encouraged to reduce the scale of

individual buildings.

The range of historic building heights of a

building’s neighbors shall establish the appropriate

heights.

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New buildings shall be designed to be similar in width to historic

buildings in the immediate vicinity.

Buildings in commercial areas may be wider so long as they are

divided into components that appear to be similar to historic

building widths found in the area (See the guidelines for the Commercial Core Area).

In cases where facades of new commercial buildings are divided into modules, they also shall have walls perpendicular

to the street facade at each apparent storefront module. These walls shall continue, without openings, from the building

face at least 10 feet back, where feasible.

Buildings also may not exceed the height or width limits established by the zoning ordinance. Refer to figure D.

Guideline 7:

The rear portion of a building may be taller than those buildings in the immediate vicinity if the change in scale will not be

perceived from major public view points.

The new building shall not noticeably change the character of the area as seen from any distance.

Due to the mountain terrain, some areas of the district are prominent in views from the surrounding areas of higher

elevation. Therefore, how buildings are perceived from above shall be considered as well.

Stepped buildings are more appropriate against steep slopes.

Guideline 8:

Typical facade components shall be similar in size, proportion and importance to those of related elements that typically

were found in historic structures in the neighborhood.

Windows, doors, porches, cornices and foundations are examples of elements that shall be similar in size to historic

elements.

See guidelines for the individual neighborhoods for more information on this subject.

Building Form, Shape and Proportion New construction shall maintain and reinforce the pattern of

historic building forms and shapes along the streetscape. In

residential neighborhoods, for example, historic alley buildings

presented a flat, rectangular face to the street, with gabled or shed

roof forms. Although the size of these structures varied, they all

contributed equally to the identity of the neighborhood. This

traditional set of building forms found in each neighborhood shall

be respected. In addition, all buildings in a neighborhood shall

appear to be similar in proportion, in order to reinforce the visual

continuity of the area. The exceptions are in the few

neighborhoods where variety in scale is desired. Refer to figure E.

Guideline 9:

Building forms, shapes and façade orientation shall be

similar to those that once existed in the neighborhoods.

The most common visual element is the main body of

the structure, which is usually comprised of a simple, rectangular solid form.

Residential structures are either square or rectangular in shape with gabled or hipped roofs. The narrower side of the

rectangle is typically parallel to the street, as is the ridge of the gabled roofline.

Figure D

Heights of new buildings shall be compatible with historic

structures.

Figure E

Building forms and shapes shall be similar to those that existed in the

neighborhoods.

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Residences and commercial buildings shall be comprised of simple, block-like forms, inherent to The City of Central.

Building components such as porches and outbuildings shall be kept simple and also shall be rectangular/block like in

shape. (Refer to Chapter Principals on Additions, Porches and Outbuildings).

The directional emphasis of a facade, either horizontal or vertical, shall be similar to buildings found in the neighborhood

historically. For example, a row of windows may create a horizontal emphasis to a structure that is similar to others in

the neighborhood.

Guideline 10:

Roof forms shall be similar to those of other structures found

historically in the neighborhood.

Flat and gabled roofs are typical of commercial and

warehouse areas.

Gabled, hip, mansard and shed roofs are typical of

residential areas.

The repetition of these forms is important to the visual

continuity of a neighborhood.

Dormers shall have roof forms similar to that of the main

structure.

Refer to the relevant neighborhood guidelines for the

specific context. Refer to figure F.

Guideline 11:

Minimize the visual impacts of mechanical equipment on the exteriors of buildings.

For gable roofed buildings, equipment shall be incorporated into roof forms.

For flat-roofed commercial buildings, roof-top equipment shall be integrated into the structure of the building so the

image of a flat roofline is maintained.

Under any circumstances mechanical equipment is allowed on the roof, it shall be screened from the buildings street

view.

If allowed, mechanical equipment, including duct work, shall not exceed six feet in height above the roof, except where

no feasible alternative exists.

Building Materials and Color Following is a list of acceptable materials to be used in the Historic District. Additional details are included in Guidelines 12-22.

1. Wood, aluminum clad painted or steel framed windows, painted are allowed. Vinyl windows are not acceptable.

2. Wood exterior doors are required.

3. Wood decking is allowed for areas visible from the street, composite decking is acceptable in non-visible locations only.

4. Wood siding or fiber cement siding painted like wood is allowed.

5. Roofing

a. Metal roofs (standing seam and/or corrugated or sheet) during the period of significance can install like metal

roofs.

b. Buildings that had shingles on historic buildings can be replaced with asphalt shingles, ceramic tiles that

duplicate the appearance of wood shingles, slates, or tiles.

Guideline 12:

Exterior wall materials for new buildings shall be similar to those historically used in the neighborhood.

Figure F

This size, shape, and type of roof shall be similar to those of other

structures found historically in the neighborhood.

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Wood clapboard, wood lap siding, board-and-batten siding, brick, stone and patterned metal cladding are materials that

were used historically and may be appropriate, depending upon the specific neighborhood context. Refer to the relevant

neighborhood guidelines.

Wood clapboard siding also shall have an exposed dimension that is similar to that used historically.

Brick used in new construction shall be similar in color and texture to that used historically.

Stamped or flat metal siding, such as that used historically, may be considered.

Painted metal storefronts may be used in the commercial core.

All exterior materials on primary structures shall have a weather-protective finish, such as paint.

Synthetic siding materials, such as aluminum or vinyl siding, are inappropriate and generally unacceptable.

Tar paper, although found on early buildings, is not appropriate.

New materials that appear to be the same in scale, texture, and finish as those used historically may be considered for

trim. Imitation materials that do not successfully repeat these historic material characteristics are inappropriate.

Native stone is encouraged. Other stone similar in character to that of native stone also may be considered.

Guideline 13:

Exterior roof materials shall be similar to those used historically.

Corrugated, true standing seam metal, and composition roofing are appropriate roof materials.

Finishes shall be matte. Unpainted metal roofs may not retain a shiny, glaring surface longer than one year after

installation.

Wood roofing materials, although used historically, present a fire risk and shall only be used as building codes and land

use codes allow.

Fire rated roofing material is preferred for new construction projects. Eaves and overhangs shall also be constructed in a

fire-resistant manner if done in a historically appropriate manner. Consult with the most current code documents for

permitted materials.

Guideline 14:

Preserve and maintain the use of indigenous stone foundation walls.

Foundations shall reflect the size, proportion and character of

similar foundations in the neighborhood.

Stone foundation walls, of running bond, are preferred for all new

construction where exposed foundation walls occur.

Exposed concrete foundation walls are discouraged for new

construction.

Guideline 15:

Most windows have a ratio of width to height of one to two and one half.

Other proportions may be considered, based upon historic reference.

These details strongly influence the compatibility of a building

within its context.

Oversized doors that would create a “grand entry” are inappropriate.

Most windows have a ratio of width to height of one to two and one-

half. Doors have a ratio of 1 to two and one-half. Other proportions may be considered, based upon historic reference.

The use of unpainted, metallic-appearing aluminum window frames, doors and door frames are inappropriate. Refer to

figure G.

Figure G

Windows and doors shall be similar in character,

proportion, scale and material to those of historic

buildings in the neighborhood.

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Guideline 16:

Use a ratio of solid to void that is similar to those found historically in

the neighborhood.

Large expanses of glass on exterior facades, either vertical or

horizontal, are generally inappropriate on commercial or residential

buildings. Refer to figure H.

Guideline 17:

Use building components that are similar in size and shape to those

found historically along the street.

These include windows, doors, porches and awnings. Refer to

Guideline 58 for more information on awnings.

In most residential neighborhoods, primary building entrances are

defined by porches, which usually face the street. The use of porches to identify primary street entrances of a residence

shall be continued.

The scale of a porch shall reflect the size and proportions of similar porches within the streetscape.

Porches typically cover 1/3 to 1/2 of the front facade or cover the whole of the facade; they may extend 5 feet to 15 feet

out from the face of the structure.

Guideline 18:

Ornamental elements, such as brackets, shall be in scale and compatible in style with similar historic features.

Avoid the use of thin, fake brackets and strap work applied to the surface of a building. These are inappropriate uses of

these traditional details.

Modest and ornamental details may be considered.

Designs that accurately convey historic styles and building types used in The City of Central may also be considered.

Guideline 19:

New buildings that can be interpreted as a product of the present, and not a false interpretation of the past may be

considered.

Designs shall satisfactorily meet the general guidelines for compatibility.

Designs that misuse the historic design vocabulary are especially inappropriate.

Similarly, it would be inappropriate to use historic design details in ways that were never employed in the past.

Guideline 20:

The duplication of historic styles may be considered. Accurate interpretations of styles that once were found in The City of

Central may be considered if:

The characteristic features of the style are correctly used, in terms of scale, location, materials, etc.

The building site is located in a neighborhood where such a style may have occurred historically. Historic buildings in

similar neighborhoods may be used as a reference.

A marker is placed on the building indicating its date of construction.

The design also satisfactorily meets the general guidelines for new construction.

Different architectural styles may not be combined in a single façade unless historic references can substantiate their use.

Directly copying an existing building is inappropriate, however, rather new designs shall creatively combine features of

local historic styles.

Guideline 21:

Avoid designs that confuse the interpretation of the history of The City of Central. Inappropriate styles include:

Figure H

Use a ratio of solid to void that is similar to those found

historically in the neighborhood.

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Older styles that never appeared historically in The City of Central. These would suggest a false heritage for the

community.

Inaccurate interpretations of styles that were found historically in The City of Central. These could distort one’s

appreciation for the genuine historic buildings.

Contemporary or modern styles that conflict with the general guidelines for new construction in terms of overall mass,

scale, materials, etc. these would alter the visual continuity of the district.

Guideline 22:

Building colors shall be similar to those used historically.

Colors may be selected from any historic color line from any manufacturer as approved by the Historic Preservation

Commission.

Applicants may propose to use other colors; however, these will be reviewed on a case by case basis to determine their

appropriateness in the specific context.

Color schemes shall be coordinated for an entire building.

Use color to establish a sense of unity for a building rather than fragment it visually.

Avoid strongly contrasting colors that would disrupt a sense of unity.

Exterior Lighting A goal for the city is to reduce the level of glare on the streets, especially the light spill generated from the illumination of

buildings. Lighting shall not overwhelm the street or alter the perceived character of an historic building. Architectural lighting to

highlight historic architectural elements or special architectural ornamentation is allowable on a site-specific basis.

Guideline 23:

Use lighting to unify the building composition at night.

Lighting may be used only on these exterior elements - building entrances and signs

Lighting shall stay focused at the street level, to encourage a pedestrian-oriented environment.

Use shielded, indirect light sources for all exterior lighting for signs.

Fixtures shall be concealed, of a very simple design, or of a style that is appropriate to the period of the building.

Lighting the entire building front, either with permanent spot lights or with permanent strings of small exposed lights, is

inappropriate.

Neon, fluorescent and other linear light sources are inappropriate for building entrance lighting.

Subtle architectural lighting of upper facade elements is allowed on a site-specific basis, provided low-wattage systems

are used, no light trespass occurs, and that the installation causes minimal impact to the historic structure. Wiring and/or

conduit shall not be visible.

Landscape Design and Paving Native plant materials significantly contribute to the sense of the "natural setting” that is part of the heritage of the historic

district. Where buildings are set back from the sidewalk, they typically have yards, walks, fences and plant materials that all

contribute to the sense of open space in the community. This characteristic shall be maintained because it plays an important role

in establishing a context for the historic buildings.

Guideline 24:

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Landscape elements, such as fences, steps, walls, wooden cribbing and walks shall reflect the historic neighborhood

context and shall provide a sense of visual continuity for the streetscape.

Landscape designs shall reinforce traditional site design characteristics. A sense of large open yards, the use of local

materials and similar placement of trees all contributed to a sense of visual continuity in the neighborhoods.

Refer to the Land Use Code for specific landscape requirements.

Guideline 25:

Maintain a clear separation between the sidewalk and the site.

Yard edges were typically defined with a wall or fence in residential areas.

When front yards separate the sidewalk from building facades, these shall be maintained and incorporated into the site

design.

Developing a paved patio that extends forward from a setback facade to the sidewalk and that would be visible from the

street is inappropriate.

Guideline 26:

Paving materials used in landscape design shall be similar to those used historically.

Rectangular stone paving blocks are appropriate for use in court yards.

Flagstone, cut in rectangular shapes (not random) is appropriate.

Concrete and colored concrete may also be considered.

Brick and cast modular pavers are not appropriate.

Rock Walls and Fences One of the most distinctive and characteristic elements of Central City is the use of dry laid native stone retaining walls that line

the hillside streets. These were used to retain areas of fill that established level building sites in the steep terrain. Low fences

frequently run along the top of these retaining walls, and are usually of an open character, such as wood pickets or iron. Steps cut

through the retaining walls provide access to structures. All significant historic rock walls and fences shall be preserved and new

ones shall be visually compatible with these elements.

Guideline 27:

The terraced character of the hillsides shall be maintained as an important visual element.

The pattern of terracing shall be consistent with that of the neighborhood to ensure a sense of visual continuity with the

rest of the streetscape.

In residential areas, terracing occurs at the edge of the street, with the retaining wall typically defining this edge. Steps

are cut into the wall leading to an elevated front yard and the residence beyond.

Guideline 28:

All historically significant rock retaining walls shall be strictly maintained and new retaining walls along fronts of

properties shall be of stone construction, similar to those found historically.

Refer to Guidelines 77 and 78 and the Land Use Code for specific rock wall requirements.

Guideline 29:

Fences that have an open character are encouraged.

Refer to Guidelines 72 and 73 and the Land Use Code for specific fencing requirements.

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Addressing HPC encourages all owners of homes and businesses to display addresses (house numbers) in a way that they are clearly visible

from the street to enable emergency respondents to quickly locate buildings by their addresses.

Guideline 30:

All existing house numbers are grandfathered in.

Numbers shall not be gaudy or so prominent that they distract from the architectural features of the structures they

identify.

Exceptions to these provisions may be considered by HPC.

Building owners wishing to install plaques shall get approval from HPC.

Painting numbers directly on the structure is not allowed.

Neither numbers nor background can be reflective material.

Materials: Wood or metal are permitted. Tile address plates are discouraged.

Colors: Black, white, brass, gold, or a color matching the trim of the structure all permitted as long as the color that is

chosen contrasts with its background.

Size permitted: Allow size permitted to be up to 6”.

Font: Selection shall be from the following list of lettering styles approved by the HPC:

Aachen Bold

AG Oldface

A*1 Antique Condensed

Alternate Gothic

#2 Antique No. 5

Antique Olive, 1 & 2

Amasis 1 & 2

Arial 1, 2, 3, 4

Barnum Block

#8 Baskerville

#9 Baskerville Old Face

Barnum Block

Bell Gothic

Berthold Akzidenz Grotesk 1 & 2

Berthold Akzidenz Grotesk Extended

Blackoak

Boton

Bureau Agency (Regular & Bold)

Caecilia

Calvert

#14 Caslon No. 540

Clarendon

#16 Century Expanded

Colossalis

Compacta

Copperplate Gothic

Doric Bold

Egyptian Bold Condensed

#28 Egyptian Halbfette

#29 Egyptienne, Breite

#31 Extra Ornamented No. 2

Forever Two A, B, C, D

Franklin Gothic (all forms, except for lower case & italic, including condensed &

compressed)

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#40 Fry's Ornamented

Garage Gothic

Giza 1, 2, 3

Gothic 13

#48 Grotesque No. 9

#49 Grotesque No. 10

Headline Bold

IFC Boothill

IFC Railroad

Impact

Interstate (including condensed & compressed)

Ironmonger (solid, not inlaid or 3-D)

#57 Italienne, Breite

#58 Jonisch, Lichte

#65 Macdonald

Memphis (all weights)

#71 Modern No. 20

Monotype Grotesque 1 & 2

Myriad MultipleMaster

#73 News Gothic

#76 Ornament Fleur de Lis

Placard

Plak

#81 Plantin

Rockwell 1 & 2

#88 Romantiques No. 5

Schadow

Serifa

Spartan Classified

#94 Standard Medium

Stymie

Trade Gothic (and condensed)

Univers (and condensed)

Vectora

#105 Venus Extra Bold Extended

#106 Venus Medium Extended

Lettering styles, other than the above, will be considered for appropriateness, by the Commission, on a case by

case basis.

Content: Numerals of the address only, not spelled out. Do not include the name of the street. Not permitted: "Three

thirty-four East High Street" No Roman numerals.

Arrangement: Numbers shall be neatly arranged in a row horizontally, vertically, or diagonally.

Placement: Numbers may be placed on the structure, garage, gate, fence, etc. Anyplace is permissible as long as it clearly

identifies the address of the property from the street.

Illumination: Lighted numbers are not permitted. Neon is not permitted. Numbers may be illuminated only by porch

lights, path lights, and the like, but need not be illuminated. (All emergency vehicles are equipped with spotlights).

Views The scenic setting of Central City is one of its greatest assets. Views to the mountains, Gregory Gulch, and historic structures all

contribute to the unique character of the city. All development projects shall be planned so they respect these views. Building

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designs and landscape plans shall be designed to frame important views wherever possible. Both private and public projects

within the Historic District shall be reviewed. View preservation for projects within the Historic District and the Ridgeline

Development Overlay District is outlined in the Land Use Code.

Guideline 31:

Protect significant views of ridgelines from designated public rights-of-way.

The mountain ridges are important visual assets of the Central City setting and new development shall not obstruct these

views.

Applicants shall meet with city staff to determine if significant view corridors may be impacted by a potential project.

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CHAPTER 2 - PRINCIPLES FOR ADDITIONS, PORCHES, DECKS,

OUTBUILDINGS, AND NEW TECHNOLOGY

Additions to Existing Buildings

Guideline 32:

Avoid new additions or alterations that would hinder the ability to interpret the design character of the historic period of

significance in Central City.

New designs that create an appearance inconsistent with the historic character of the building are inappropriate.

Alterations that seek to imply an earlier period than that of the building are inappropriate.

Alterations that seek to imply an inaccurate variation on the historic style as found in Central City are inappropriate.

Alterations that cover significant historic features are inappropriate. Refer to figure I.

Guideline 33:

Design new additions to historic buildings such that they will not destroy significant historic architectural or cultural

material.

Additions shall not obscure significant features.

Locate new additions back from primary facades in order to allow the original

proportions and character of the historic facade to remain prominent.

An alternative is to set the addition apart from the main building and link them

with “connectors”.

Additions shall be "reversible," such that a future owner may be able to restore

the building to its historic condition if so desired.

Exterior walls that have been enclosed shall remain subject to review by HPC.

Minimize disturbance to existing walls.

Additions shall only be added to the side or rear.

Guideline 34:

Additions shall be compatible in size and scale with the main building.

Additions shall be visually subordinate to the main historic building and they

shall be compatible with the scale of the neighborhood.

If it is necessary to design additions that are taller than the main building, they

shall be set back substantially from primary character defining facades.

Adding floors onto historic buildings is strongly discouraged and will be

reviewed on an individual case by case basis.

Guideline 35:

Additions can be made distinguishable from historic building elements while remaining visually compatible.

Additions shall reflect the style and character of the existing historic building.

Setback the addition from the main building.

Figure I

This front addition is not historically

significant and could be removed to expose

the original design.

26

A subtle change in material may be appropriate but materials shall be compatible with the existing building. Use of

materials that were used historically is encouraged.

A change in details may be appropriate, for example a distinct mortar joint. However, details shall be compatible with

the existing building.

Use a color for the exterior materials that is complimentary with the existing. Refer to Guideline 22.

A differentiation between historic and more current styles is a potential technique that may be considered to help define a

change from old to new construction.

Guideline 36:

Respect historic building alignments that may exist on the street when planning additions to buildings.

Roof lines and porch eaves on historic buildings in the neighborhood may align at approximately the same height.

Avoid placing additions in locations where the relationships between roof lines and porch eaves would be altered or

obscured.

Overall, complimentary roof lines are required.

Guideline 37:

Respect traditional entrance patterns when planning additions to buildings.

Retain the appearance of the relationship of primary entrances, usually facing the street, when planning new additions.

Guideline 38:

Match pattern and proportion of the existing structure.

Use the same window pattern and size. Refer to Guideline 16.

Match the solid to void ratio of the existing structure. Refer to Guideline 17.

Porches and Decks

A porch is generally a covered area adjoining an entrance to a building and usually having a separate roof. A railing may

encompass the covered area.

A deck is generally a flat platform capable of supporting weight, often built above the ground and usually connected to a house or

structure. A deck may have a safety railing but no solid roof.

Guideline 39:

Porches

Porches shall match existing porches from the period of significance.

They shall follow the pattern in neighborhood.

Materials shall match those from the period of significance. Concrete, metal or unpainted wood are not appropriate.

Porch enclosures are acceptable on non-contributing historic structures and transparency is encouraged.

Also refer to Guidelines 74-76.

Guideline 40:

Decks

Decks cannot hide or alter the basic form of the existing structure.

Decks shall be allowed in the back yard only.

Decks need to be porch-like with railings matching historic porches.

Roof decks may be considered on a case by case basis by the HPC.

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Outbuildings

Outbuildings include garages, sheds and greenhouses. The need for these types of structures follow the more modern way of

living and care shall be taken when introducing them to a historic property.

Guideline 41:

Follow the historic pattern of the neighborhood by matching the pattern of location and scale of size.

Outbuildings shall not block the view of the historic building.

Outbuildings shall not be attached to the historic building.

Compatible materials are required. Refer to Guidelines 12 – 22.

Greenhouses specifically shall follow these guidelines:

o Frames shall be of painted wood, painted steel or painted aluminum.

o Glazing shall be of untinted glass or untinted polycarbonate.

o Base and wall material shall match house foundation or wall material.

o Any mechanical equipment (such as propane tanks, heating, etc.) need to be screened from public view.

New Technology

New technology continues to evolve. Solar panels, green roofs and satellite dishes are the most common. Any new technology

proposed that is not included in the guidelines shall be discussed with the HPO and may require HPC approval.

Guideline 42:

The goal with new technology is to allow for installation in the most compatible way.

Solar panels are discussed in depth by the National Park Service Technical Preservation Services: “Solar panels installed

on a historic property in a location that cannot be seen from the ground will generally meet the Secretary of the Interior’s

Standards for Rehabilitation”. This is also the case for Central City.

Solar panels shall not be visible from the front street level. Solar panels may be placed on an addition not seen from the

front street level but still seen from outside the addition.

Solar panels shall not detract from decorative cornices, etc.

Solar panels shall not be pole mounted panels unless they are approved under special circumstances whereas they are not

seen from any public viewpoints including from above.

Refer to this link for additional information on installing solar panels on historic structures.

https://www.nps.gov/tps/sustainability/new-technology/solar-on-historic.htm

Green roofs shall be allowed when their visual impact is minimal. Per the National Park Service Technical Preservation

Services, “A green roof is a layer of vegetation planted over a waterproofing system that is installed on top of a flat or

slightly–sloped roof. Green roofs are also known as vegetative or eco–roofs.”

Green roofs help improve energy efficiency. Determine that the structural load is adequate. Hire a professional to assist

with waterproofing, material selection and plant selection.

Satellite dishes shall not be visible from the front street level.

https://www.nps.gov/tps/sustainability/new-technology/solar-on-historic.htm

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29


CHAPTER 3 - PRINCIPLES FOR REHABILITATION OF EXISTING

BUILDINGS These guidelines apply to all "contributing” buildings and other historic resources in Central City. Only work being proposed is

reviewed and the guidelines do not require work in areas not being addressed by the applicant. All of the guidelines for

rehabilitation apply to the exterior of properties. Although property owners are encouraged to preserve significant historic

interiors, interior work is not reviewed for appropriateness in terms of historic preservation. There are two exceptions. One is for

buildings that are designated as Historic Mining and Victorian Landmarks, in which case interiors are reviewed. The second is the

first ten feet inside commercial buildings, which is seen from the street through storefront windows, because this area contributes

to the historic character of the district as seen from the public way.

Many successful rehabilitation projects that involve historic structures in Central City may include a combination of

"preservation," "restoration," and other appropriate treatments. For example, a house may be adapted to use as a restaurant, and in

the process missing porch brackets may be replicated in order to restore the original appearance, while original dormers may be

preserved.

In writing these guidelines for Rehabilitation of Historic Buildings, the City has made the effort to make them congruent with The

Secretary of the Interior’s Standards for the Rehabilitation of Historic Buildings so that any potential conflicts may be minimized

for property owners who seek to make use of the tax incentives for certified rehabilitation. Note however, that no endorsement by

the National Park Service or guarantee of similar findings between the HPC and the State Historic Preservation Office is implied.

The Secretary of the Interior’s Standards for Rehabilitation of Historic Buildings may be amended at any time. Consult with the

most current standards.

The guidelines for rehabilitation of existing buildings are organized into three sections:

Section A: General principles for rehabilitation

These apply to all historic buildings in the city.

Section B: Rehabilitation of commercial structures

These apply to all commercial-type structures, in addition to the General Principles for Rehabilitation.

Section C: Rehabilitation of residential structures

These apply to all residential type structures, in addition to the General Principles for Rehabilitation.

Refer to the Glossary for Definitions of relevant terms used in this chapter.

Section A: General Principles for Rehabilitation

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The guidelines in this section apply to all rehabilitation projects, including additions, within the historic district. They apply to all

buildings, those that are designated as “contributing” to the historic district, as well as “noncontributing” buildings. These general

guidelines also apply to historic secondary structures.

When developing a rehabilitation plan, use these design guidelines. Refer to historic photographs of buildings in the district, many

of which are on file with the Gilpin History Museum, History Colorado, the Denver Public Library Western History Department,

and the Historic Preservation Officer's office.

These design guidelines apply specifically to the following categories of buildings: Those that are listed as "Landmarks," located

anywhere in the city; as "Contributing'' historic structures within the historic district. In addition, these guidelines may be used for

buildings that are listed as ''Noncontributing." In those cases, the guidelines for new construction also apply. If your building is

not "historic," you still must design alterations that will be compatible with nearby historic neighbors.

Appropriateness of Use

Appropriate adaptive reuse of a historic structure can be accomplished without radical alteration of the original architecture. An

example of this is the conversion of a residence into a Bed and Breakfast.

Guideline 43:

Seek uses that are compatible with the historic character of the building that are allowed within the zoning regulations.

Uses requiring minimal change to the existing structures are preferred.

In most cases designs can be developed that respect the historic integrity of the building while also accommodating new

functions.

Preservation of Significant Original Qualities

Rehabilitation work shall not destroy the distinguishing quality or character of the property or its environment. Original materials

and details of a building as well as its distinctive form and scale, are "character-defining features” that shall be preserved.

Guideline 44:

Respect the historic design character of the building on the exterior and interior.

Renovation projects shall maximize their use of the historic design character, including exterior features and finishes,

and structural systems.

Refer to the specific design characteristics of the building's style for reference.

Destruction of character defining features is inappropriate because this may result in the loss of a rating of "contributing"

to the historic district.

A minimum of 75% of exterior walls shall be preserved, in order to maintain the integrity of the architecture character of

the building. (A portion of these may become interior walls if additions are approved). Note that, where feasible, walls

that historically were exterior will continue to be subject to review, although they may be enclosed by later additions.

A minimum of 75% of structural systems shall be preserved including foundations and floor and roof framing systems

where feasible as a part of the historic record of the building. Additional structural reinforcement may be introduced.

Guideline 45:

Protect and maintain significant stylistic elements. Avoid removing or altering any historic material or significant

features.

Distinctive stylistic features or examples of skilled craftsmanship shall be treated with sensitivity to minimize damage to

the historic feature.

Protection includes the maintenance of historic material through treatments such as rust removal, caulking, limited paint

removal and reapplication of paint.

Preserve original doors, windows, and porches in their historic condition.

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Preserve original facade materials in their historic condition. Examples of historically significant architectural features

that shall be preserved are porches, turned columns, brackets, and jigsaw ornaments.

Preserve the historic building and roof forms.

Guideline 46:

Use the gentlest possible procedures for cleaning, refinishing, and repairing historic materials.

Many procedures can actually have an unanticipated negative effect upon building materials and result in accelerated

deterioration or a loss of character. These harsh procedures, including sandblasting, are not allowed.

Also see technical rehabilitation literature published by the National Park Service.

A certified engineer's report may be required when structural systems are affected.

Guideline 47:

Repair original features that survive.

Where feasible, deteriorated architectural features shall be repaired rather than replaced.

Patch, piece-in, splice, consolidate, or otherwise upgrade the existing material, using recognized preservation methods,

rather than remove the element entirely.

When disassembly of historic elements is required in a procedure, use methods that minimize damage and catalog the

elements in their historic condition. Replacement in their original configuration shall be based on documented evidence.

A time limit may apply for completion of reconstruction of disassembled details.

Replacement or Substitution of Original Features

Deteriorated architectural features shall be repaired rather than replaced. If repair is not possible, replacement using the same

materials is preferred. HPC will consider the following four circumstances that may warrant the use of substitute materials: 1)

the unavailability of historic materials; 2) the unavailability of skilled craftsmen; 3) inherent flaws in the original materials; and 4)

code-required changes. In the event replacement of historic materials is necessary, the new materials shall match that being

replaced in design, color, texture, and other visual qualities.

Guideline 48:

Replace missing original features and architectural elements in kind.

Replacement shall be based on accurate information about original features.

The design shall be substantiated by physical or pictorial evidence where feasible.

Use the same kind of material as the original. A substitute material is acceptable only if the form and design of the

substitute itself conveys the visual appearance of the original material on a permanent basis.

Replace only those amounts that are beyond repair.

Later covering materials that have not achieved historic significance are discouraged. Asphalt siding that covers original

wood siding, for example, is inappropriate and shall be removed, when treatment of wall cladding is proposed.

Guideline 49:

Where reconstruction of an element is impossible, develop compatible, new design.

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New design is appropriate where inadequate information

exists to allow for an accurate reconstruction of missing

features.

Conjectural “historic” designs for replacement parts that

cannot be substantiated by written, physical or pictorial

evidence are generally inappropriate.

The new design shall relate to the building in general size,

scale and material.

Use materials similar to those employed historically.

Such a replacement shall be clearly identifiable, so it will

not create a false historical impression. Refer to figure J.

The Historic Preservation Officer can help you locate older

photos that may document original features.

New System and Code Compliance in Existing Buildings

Introducing new electrical, plumbing, heating and ventilating systems into

historic buildings shall be planned and executed such that historic

materials are not damaged or obscured.

Guideline 50:

Minimize the visual impacts of new building systems on exterior

features.

Avoid placing mechanical and electrical equipment on primary,

character defining facades or in front yards.

Minimize damage to historic materials in order to insert new

mechanical and electrical systems, such as cutting holes in walls.

Visually screen service equipment including transformers, and locate them out of public view. Refer to figure K.

Existing Alterations on Historic Buildings

Many additions and alterations to buildings that have taken place over the course of time are themselves evidence of the history of

the building and its neighborhood. Consider that early alterations may be significant and merit preservation.

Guideline 51:

Preserve older alterations that have achieved historic significance in their own right.

Most alterations prior to 1918 have achieved historical significance. Some later alterations that are at least fifty years old

also may have achieved historical significance and shall be evaluated on a case by case basis for preservation. Consult

with the Historic Preservation Officer is required for these cases.

Generally, these alterations in Central City were similar in character to the original building in terms of materials,

finishes, and design.

An example of such an alteration may be a porch or a kitchen wing that was added to the original building early in its

history.

Guideline 52:

More recent alterations that are not historically significant may be removed.

Figure J

When reconstructing missing architectural elements use accurate

reproductions of the original, where feasible.

Figure K

Minimize the visual impacts of new building systems on

exterior features.

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For example, asphalt siding applied in more recent years has not achieved historic significance and it usually obscures

original clapboard siding. In this case, removal of this alteration, and restoration of the original material may occur.

Section B: Guidelines for the Rehabilitation of Commercial Type Buildings These design guidelines apply in addition to the general guidelines presented earlier in this book.

Guidelines for Typical Building Components

Commercial buildings exhibit the traditional features of store fronts in Central City. Large areas of display glass were at the

ground level and the upper level consisted of more solid material and smaller, vertically-oriented windows. Ornamental moldings

often separated the display windows from the upper levels and a decorative cornice capped the building. The design guidelines

that follow apply to this typical commercial building type.

Guideline 53:

Maintain the original size and shape of the store front opening.

Preserve large panes of glass that were a part of the original store front opening. These transparent surfaces allow

pedestrians to see goods and activities inside.

If the store front windows have been reduced in size over the years re-establish their original dimensions. Be certain that

the glass fits within original piers or columns that may exist. The piers and columns are also essential parts of the design

character and shall not be obscured.

Opaque materials, such as black plexi-glass, are not appropriate in the place of display windows. Reflective mirror glass

is also inappropriate.

Guideline 54:

Maintain the storefront wall with glass at the sidewalk edge.

This characteristic is an essential element of the commercial core neighborhood that defines the pedestrian zone.

If the building has historic significance, the original glass, window frame, and supporting columns may be intact and

shall be preserved.

Guideline 55:

Maintain entries in their historic location.

Recessed front entries provide protection from the weather, and the repeated rhythm of these shaded areas along the

street helps to identify business entrances.

Avoid doors that are flush with the sidewalk.

If the original recessed entry has been removed, it shall be restored. Use a door with a large area of glass and a solid

panel below it. Using an accent color on the door is appropriate.

Rear entrances shall continue to convey a subordinate service oriented character.

Guideline 56:

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Preserve the traditional storefront components and relationships.

The purpose is to maintain the alignment of the storefront with others in

the block.

Maintain the kickplate, or bulkhead; that is found below the display

window.

If the kickplate is missing, reconstruct the original using old photographs

as a guide or design a new simplified kickplate.

The appropriate kickplate material is painted wood. Coordinate the color

scheme of the kickplate with other façade elements.

The upper glass band of traditional storefronts, the transom, introduced

light into the depths of the building.

Transoms often align in a stair step fashion, at the same height in a block

in the commercial core. Maintaining this line will help to reinforce a sense

of visual continuity for the street.

When transoms are covered and original moldings and window frame

proportions are concealed, they shall be restored. Use glass in the transom.

Refer to figure L.

Guideline 57:

Preserve the size and shape of upper story windows.

Upper story windows are typically oriented vertically and uniformly spaced along the building front. This rhythm of

upper story windows is a very important unifying feature of downtown.

Re-open upper story windows if they are blocked. Replacement windows that will fit the original opening are available

through many sources. Do not block historic upper story window openings to accommodate a stock window that does

not fit the building.

Guideline 58:

Use awnings to provide weather protection and create visual interest.

Awnings provide shade for merchandise, shelter for pedestrians, and bring a colorful accent to the building front that can

be changed frequently.

Awnings shall fit the dimensions of the store front opening, to emphasize these historic proportions.

Awnings shall not obscure ornamental details. Mount the top edge to align with the top of the transom, with the framing

that separates the transom from the main display window, or under the sign band.

Operable, fabric awnings are encouraged.

Coordinate the color of the awning with the color scheme for the entire building.

Awnings shall have a 12:12 or an 8:12 pitch.

Use hardware that is typical of that used prior to 1918. Scissor arm equipment is inappropriate.

Rigid frame awnings may be considered if the basic geometry appears the same as a retractable awning. The proposed

awning shall demonstrate that it can withstand wind and snow loads per the adopted building codes. Awning design

shall have canvas over framing with a free hanging valence and no solid sheathing. Recessed heating elements may be

considered so long as they meet the adopted building code and are not a visual detraction.

Figure L

Transoms and kickplates are typical store front

elements that should be preserved.

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Canopies made of rough-sawn wood, plastic, shake or asphalt

shingles are inappropriate. Fake mansard roofs are also

inappropriate as an awning.

Installing lighting under awnings ("back-lit" lighting) so they

effectively act as an internally lit sign is inappropriate.

Guideline 59:

Preserve original ornament and detail of facades.

Architectural details are a part of the unique historic identity of

commercial structures and add interest to commercial buildings.

Parapets, cornices and window arches are examples of

decorative elements found on many buildings in the

commercial core of Central City.

Ornamental caps or cornices at the top of the facade are

encouraged because they give a "finished" look to the building. When these are repeated along the street, they create an

important line that shall be reinforced.

Consider emphasizing details with accent colors.

Where portions of these details have been removed, refer to photographic evidence of the earlier condition. Look for

details that may have been removed and stored to use as patterns for new designs.

Where exact reconstruction of details is not feasible, consider developing a simplified interpretation of the original, in

which its major form and line is retained.

Guideline 60:

Preserve the character of "common" or "party" walls.

In the commercial core, many buildings have masonry walls that stand perpendicular to the street and provide separation between

spaces. They are generally known as "common,” demising,” or ''party” walls. Common walls contribute to the character of the

street by expressing the traditional store front widths, as viewed from the street. Even when these walls are now in the middle of a

single ownership, the preservation of their appearance from the street is important. The following guideline applies to such walls.

Common walls are an important feature in the historic district and shall be preserved and maintained when absorbed in

new construction or additions.

Maintain the historic character and structural integrity of a

common wall.

Minimize the extent of new openings created in the common

walls of commercial buildings.

Openings shall be similar in scale to connecting doorways found historically.

Avoid creating new openings that will be visible from the street and would weaken the perception of historically separate

buildings.

Openings may not exceed 8 feet wide by 8 feet high. Any deviation from these dimensions shall be justified through

engineering reports and exit or accessibility requirements.

Openings are to be a minimum of 10 feet back from the front façade, where feasible. Refer to figure M.

Other sections of the design guidelines that may apply to your project:

Relevant Neighborhood Guidelines

General Principles for Rehabilitation

Principles for New Construction

Figure M

The structural integrity and character of common walls must be

preserved by limiting the size of any new openings.

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Section C: Guidelines for the Rehabilitation of Residential Type Buildings

These guidelines apply to the renovation of primary structures that are residential in architectural character. They shall be used in

conjunction with the General Principals for Rehabilitation. The Principals for New Construction provide an overall direction for

rehabilitation that will preserve the integrity of all historic buildings in Central City. These special guidelines for residential

structures provide more detailed guidance for issues that specifically relate to this building type.

Doors

The original size and proportions of doors, and the details of the design of the door itself often contribute to the character of an

historic building and shall be preserved.

Guideline 61:

Retain the position of historic doors, where feasible.

This is especially important on significant facades.

Avoid adding additional doors to facades that are visible from the street.

Guideline 62:

Preserve the functional and decorative features of original doors.

Such features can include frames, sills, heads, jambs, and moldings.

Also maintain the original door and transom proportions.

Guideline 63:

Protect historic wood with paint, varnish or other protective finish.

Repair frames by patching, splicing or reinforcing them.

Avoid removal of historic materials.

If replacement of features is necessary, replace in kind, to match the original.

Guideline 64:

When replacing doors, use designs similar to those found historically.

Simple paneled doors were typical.

Very ornate doors are inappropriate on contributing buildings, unless photographic evidence can substantiate their

historic use.

Windows

Preserve the functional and decorative features of original windows. The basic character defining elements of windows are their

proportions, the number of divisions, and the dimensions of the frames. Decorative features include frames, sash, muntins,

mullions, glazing, sills, heads, jambs and moldings.

Guideline 65:

Avoid changing the position of historic windows.

This is extremely important on significant facades of "Contributing" buildings.

Avoid adding new windows to facades that are visible from the street on "Contributing" buildings.

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Guideline 66:

Maintain original window proportions.

Most windows have a vertical emphasis that shall be preserved.

Do not close down original openings to accommodate smaller windows.

Guideline 67:

Maintain the historic subdivisions of windows.

Replacing multiple panes with a single fixed pane is inappropriate.

Guideline 68:

Protect historic wood features by painting them.

Repair frames and sash by patching, splicing or reinforcing, where feasible.

Avoid removal of historic materials.

If replacement is necessary, replace in kind to match the original.

Guideline 69:

Install storm windows on the interior where feasible.

Where exterior storm windows are necessary, wood storm windows with sash matching that of the original windows are

most appropriate.

Fences

HPC's interest in the fences of Central City is with the appearance and their appropriateness in the historical setting. The general

character of historic fences shall be retained. Painted wood picket and wrought iron metal fences were used. The height of the

fence was generally less than 42 inches. Fences were frequently used to define the boundaries of a property and the use of fences

to define yard edges is encouraged. However, the approval of the installation of a fence by HPC shall not be interpreted as an

official designation of a property line.

Temporary fences that are installed for no longer than ninety days are not subject to historic preservation guidelines, but before

each is constructed, a written, dated application must be filed with the Historic Preservation Officer (HPO). Temporary fences

around construction sites may be left in place for longer periods of time, but must be approved by the HPO.

Guideline 70:

Preserve original fences.

Repair fences with materials that match in form, composition, size, color and finish.

Replace only those portions that are deteriorated beyond repair.

Guideline 71:

For replacement fences, use materials similar to the original and in ways that were used historically.

Fences shall be compatible with neighboring yards, fences, and structures.

If fences are to be located on top of a retaining wall they shall be no taller than those seen historically, in a similar

context. Verify height requirements with land use and building codes.

Always place the front side of the fence toward the street; structural posts and stringers shall be on the inside of the

fence.

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Fences shall be of painted wooden pickets, naturally finished wood pickets or wrought iron. Colored stains on wood

pickets are not permitted.

Solid fences, with no spacing between boards, are inappropriate to front yards. They may be considered in rear yards

where they are not readily visible from the street.

Chain link, split rail, stockade, post and rail, shadow board, basket weave, and aluminum fences are not appropriate

within the Historic District.

Fences in the front yard shall be fairly short; back yards may have taller fences. Heights of fences are measured from the

surface of the ground. Verify height requirements and limitations with land use and building codes.

Guideline 72:

Wood Fence Design Requirements

Materials: Wood boards only; vinyl or other synthetic mock wood products are prohibited.

Design: Pickets may be plain or ornate and in a vertical orientation only. Pickets shall not have designs cut into the

boards. Picket tops may be scalloped, pointed or have decorative shapes. All pickets in one fence shall be the same

style. Refer to figure N for examples.

Pickets shall be 2 ¼” to 5" wide, evenly spaced with definite openings, but not more than two times the width of the

picket. Pickets shall be no more than 6" above ground level.

Posts and finials on posts for either type of wood fence may be of ornate design in the Victorian style. Metal caps are

appropriate, but not required.

Gates shall be similar to the fence or reference its design.

Height: Tall, over 3 feet in height, picket fences were not typically found historically. Posts with decorative tops may

extend above a wooden fence no more than 7". Verify height requirements and limitations with land use and building

codes.

Finish: Fences may be painted or clear stained.

Color: Paint chosen shall be a historically appropriate color that is compatible with the house's color(s).

Guideline 73:

Metal Fence Design Requirements

Materials: Fences made of cast iron and wrought iron were historically used in Central City and is appropriate.

Fences employing pipe will be considered on a case-by-case basis if applicant provides historic Central City reference.

Design: Simple or ornate designs are both appropriate. Please reference early historical fences when making design and

provide photos and addresses to HPC with application. Refer to figure N for examples.

Gates shall be similar to the fence or reference its design but shall be more substantial in design to withstand movement.

Height: Verify height requirements and limitations with land use and building codes.

Posts with decorative tops may extend above a metal fence no more than 5”.

Color: Metal fences shall be black or painted black.

Exceptions to these guidelines will be considered by HPC if historic Central City reference is provided.

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Figure N

Examples of fence types found within the City that are representational of acceptable styles.

Porches

Porches are one of the most important character defining elements of the primary facade of a residence. They protect entrances

from snow and provide shade in summer. Their general character shall be preserved.

Guideline 74:

Preserve the original porch where feasible.

Replace missing posts and railings in kind where necessary.

Match the original proportions and spacing of balusters.

Avoid adding wrought iron posts and railing on porches unless applicant provides historic Central City reference.

The diameter of porch posts shall be similar to those found historically.

Guideline 75:

lf porch replacement is necessary, reconstruct it to match the original in form and detail.

Use materials similar to the original.

Avoid decorative elements that are not known to have been used on the structure or others like it.

On buildings where no evidence of a porch exists a new porch may be considered that is similar in character to those

found on other representative buildings.

Guideline 76:

Avoid enclosing historic porches on contributing or formerly contributing structures.

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Primary, character defining porches may not be enclosed, except where it can be documented that the porch was

enclosed historically.

Porches may be enclosed on non-contributing structures that were never contributing structures as long as the enclosure

is transparent using glass.

Adding new, non-transparent enclosed porches where they do not impact significant features may be considered on all

structures on a case by case basis.

Rock Walls

Rock retaining walls are used throughout the city and are one of the most important sites features of the historic district. As they

align along the edge of the street, they establish a visual continuity. The city recognizes the need for maintaining its inventory of

rock walls as a historical asset and an important part of the infrastructure. It is important to keep the historical walls, repair them

only as needed and only in the proper manner.

The builders of the original dry laid or dry stack rock walls actually built three walls. In the front was the face wall, the one that

could be seen. Behind it, and loosely interlocked with the face wall, was a rougher rock wall. Finally, behind that secondary wall,

was loose rock rubble. The reason for this design was to give strength and permit draining through the rock wall, so hydraulic

pressure wouldn't build up behind the wall and cause it to bulge out and ultimately fail. The face of the wall is flat, not as flat as

veneer or cut stone, but with a natural texture found with uncut stones. The corners are well defined with a vertical edge.

Guideline 77:

All historically significant rock retaining walls shall be strictly maintained and new retaining walls along fronts of

properties shall be of rock or stone construction, similar to those found historically.

Stone walls that retain their historic integrity as determined by HPC may not be removed or relocated.

Factors considered in evaluation of the integrity of a rock wall shall include the character of the stones, the mortar

pattern (or dry stack pattern), the function and location of the wall.

If it is determined by HPC that older walls have lost their historic integrity and they may be demolished, an equal

amount of new rock walls shall be built on the site. The Commission will consider evaluations by qualified engineers in

making its determinations.

Any stone wall to be removed shall first be documented and the record placed on file with the City.

In developing a rehabilitation plan for historic rock walls, first determine the type of construction to assure that repairs

will retain the integrity of the wall.

Use of native stone/rubble rock for retaining walls is encouraged along streets throughout the city when new construction

occurs on sloping lots. Mortared and veneer rock walls are not historically authentic in Central City and are strongly

discouraged although they may be considered on a case-by-case basis by HPC under special circumstances.

Genuine dry stack walls are preferred. At a minimum, stone shall be laid to resemble dry stack walls.

Walls shall align in placement along the street with others in the neighborhood.

Wood cribbing may be used for rear retaining walls where it was found historically.

Maintain the historic height of retaining walls; changing the height is inappropriate. Walls over a certain height may be

required to be designed by a qualified engineer. Consult the land use and building codes.

Guideline 78:

Properly built dry stacked walls are very strong and long lasting.

When repairs must be done, demolition of the wall to be repaired shall be kept to a minimum, only as much as necessary

to accomplish the needed repairs. In other words, take down only that portion of the wall that is failing. Re-use as much

of the original material as possible.

41

The stones will be laid horizontal to prevent vertical runs, which decrease the wall’s stability.

Properly laid stones will provide support to the upper courses. Stone will not be loose in the wall. Walls will be built

rock on rock so they will be weight bearing. When a stone is loose, it is not providing support. This makes the wall

weak.

The best rock walls are those constructed out of medium-sized stones that have been carefully fit together so that there

are very few gaps in the face wall that need to be filled with small pieces of rock.

Maintain stone in its natural finish. Painting or plastering over stone walls is inappropriate.

Walls are typically deeper at the base, sometimes as much as a 2 to 3 ratio of base to height.

Walls shall not be vertical; they shall lean back toward the hillside (even if only slightly) for extra strength.

Half mortared walls are permitted provided that adequate drainage is provided and no mortar is visible.

Reduce water pressure on historic stone retaining walls by improving drainage behind them and include drains in new

walls to allow moisture to pass through. Drain designs shall minimize their visual impact on the walls.

Roofs

Typical residential roof shapes of gabled, hipped, mansard and shed Gabled roofs. Most dormers have a vertical emphasis, and

only one or two were typically used on a building elevation. Because roof forms are often one of the most significant character

defining elements for the simple houses in Central City, their preservation is vital.

Guideline 79:

Preserve original roof forms.

Avoid altering the angle of the roof and maintain the perceived line of the roof from the street.

Roof additions, such as dormers, shall from be kept to a minimum, and shall be set back from the primary façade so that

the original roof line is perceived from the street.

Low profile or flat skylights mounted flush with the roof may be considered where their visual impact is minimized.

Bubbled or domed skylights are not appropriate. Skylights shall not be visible on primary facades of buildings.

Locate solar panels so they are not visible from the street. Also refer to Guideline 42.

Guideline 80:

Preserve original roof materials where feasible.

Avoid removing roof material that is in good condition.

Where replacement is necessary, use similar materials to the original.

A minimum of 75% of the historic roof structure shall be preserved, where feasible, to retain the integrity of the building.

Note that additional structural reinforcement may be introduced.

Siding

Wood, used as horizontal clapboards, is the predominant building material in residential areas, although there are some examples

of brick. Examples of vertical board and batten siding also exist on secondary structures.

Guideline 81:

Original building materials shall not be covered with synthetic sidings.

If original materials are presently covered, exposing the original is encouraged.

If portions of wood siding shall be replaced, be sure to match the lap dimensions of the original.

Historic wood siding shall have a weather protective paint finish which is important for its preservation.

Siding made of metal, plastic, vinyl or anything other than solid wood is not acceptable on historic structures.

42

Generally, decorative shingles are appropriate only in gables and on dormers.

43


CHAPTER 4 - PRINCIPLES FOR MAINTENANCE The guidelines in this section apply to all maintenance projects. Continuous maintenance of historic structures is extremely

important to their survival, especially in extreme climates like Central City’s. Routine maintenance tasks and recommended

methods are including here for reference. However, maintenance of historic structures shall be performed in accordance with

current procedures recommended by preservation technologists. Many of the methods are not familiar to contractors outside the

field of historic preservation and additional research may be required. The National Park Service U.S. Department of the Interior

has prepared several Preservation Briefs concerning the maintenance of historic structures. The guidelines below are based upon

their recommendations.

Guideline 82:

Maintenance, repairs and alterations that are classified as routine maintenance do not require review by the HPC or

HPO.

Routine maintenance is defined as work that does not alter the exterior of structures. Routine maintenance has no

substantial effect on the historic significance or contributing status of the structure.

The following items are routine maintenance:

o Painting surfaces previously painted using the same color and finish. A change in color, finish, or material to be

painted requires at a minimum HPO review.

o Landscaping.

o Paving repair using like materials of like design and installation, not adjacent to public walkways or roadways.

o Repairing a portion of a roof, 100 s.f. or less, using the same materials with the same characteristics.

o Repairs as outlined below.

Roof and siding replacements greater than 100 s.f. using like or similar materials, i.e. asphalt or wood shingles shall be

reviewed by the HPO.

Guideline 83:

Identify potential hazards that may exist prior to beginning maintenance work.

Potential hazards that may exist in structures in the Historical District may include but are not limited to: lead paint,

asbestos, mold, radon, and hantavirus (associated with mice).

See professional assistance if any of the hazards is suspected.

Guideline 84:

Maintenance of Masonry:

Routine maintenance

o Stone and brick – cleaning, repairing and repointing masonry is not routine maintenance (except for minor repairs to

small areas of 100 s.f. or less).

o Snow removal from paths and walkways.

Recommended

o Maintain or restore buildings, foundations, steps, lintels, sills, fence posts and retaining walls.

o Maintain or restore original brick or stone.

o Make repairs with materials that match the original as closely as possible.

o Carefully remove modern materials applied over historic masonry.

o Repair rather than replace masonry walls.

Not Recommended

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o Replacing or covering original masonry construction.

o Changing width of mortar joints or repointing using incompatible mortar.

o Removing functional mortar in order to repoint; remove and replace deteriorated mortar only.

o Painting historic masonry walls or surfaces or removing paint from walls or surfaces previously painted

o Removing or cleaning paint from surfaces using methods that damage the masonry units.

o Avoid chloride additives in cleaning products, de-icing products and fertilizers around masonry foundations.

o Avoid blade-type snow removal machines that may chip or damage paving.

Guideline 85:

Maintenance of Wood Siding and Wood Shingles

Routine maintenance

o Maintaining and repairing existing siding and shingles

o Replacing deteriorated siding and shingles with materials that match exactly the existing in composition,

dimension, shape, texture, and paint color and finish in areas less than 100 s.f.

Recommended

o Inspect wood for decay, deterioration and water infiltration and accumulation.

o Maintain moisture retarding paint finish on all wood.

o Caulk joints to prevent water infiltration.

o Repair wood surfaces with epoxy patching compound to fill in voids and cracks. Sand, finish and paint epoxy

patches to match adjacent wood surfaces.

o Remove paint using approved methods for wood surfaces. These include scraping, sanding, thermal and

chemical. Test different removal techniques prior to proceeding with the entire project.

o Re-fill nail holes with putty prior to repainting.

Not Recommended

o Removing paint using a sandblaster. This may damage the wood beyond repair.

o Using paint, finishes and epoxy that allow moisture penetration.

o Any methods of maintenance that remove or damage the wood, making it unfeasible to retain.

Guideline 86:

Maintenance of Roofs

Routine maintenance

o Repairing roofs and replacement of roofing material that matches the original in composition, dimensions,

shape, color and texture of less than 100 s.f.

o Painting metal roofing with a previously approved color.

o Soldering flat-seamed roofs to prevent leaks.

o Cleaning the interior of chimneys and caps.

Recommended

o Regularly inspect flashing and roofing materials and make necessary repairs.

o Make temporary repairs to metal roofing with clear silicone-based caulk.

o Remove debris from roofs and keep gutters clean.

o Prevent trees and bushes from rubbing against the metal roof.

o Remove biological growth via low-pressure hose or brush. Trim back tree branches to allow more sunlight to

the roof to deter biological growth.

o Clean and repair chimney masonry. See Maintenance of Masonry.

o Re-secure loose decorative elements.

o Protect the metal roofing from paint operations and overspray of paint.

Not Recommended

o Removal of biological growth using chlorine bleach.

o Use of corrosive materials that could permanently damage roofing components.

o Patching metal roofing with asphalt patches or acrylic.

o Recoating historic metal roofing with polyurethane or elastomeric coatings.

Guideline 87:

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Maintenance of Gutters and Downspouts

Routine maintenance

o Cleaning.

o Patching or repairing holes.

o Painting using the same paint color and finish.

o Re-aligning components and repositioning gutter extensions and splash blocks.

Recommended

o Clean using a water hose to flush out gutters and downspouts.

o Patch using fiberglass tape and epoxy adhesive.

Not Recommended

o Patching using asphalt compounds.

Guideline 88:

Maintenance of Windows and Doors

Routine maintenance

o Repairing windows, including replacement of clear glass and putty.

o Repairing doors including stripping paint for repainting, light sanding and use of wood filler or epoxy patching

compounds.

o Replacing broken glass in kind.

o Installing weather-stripping.

o Painting.

Recommended

o Regular inspections.

o Realignment of sagging doors and windows.

o Replace missing putty and match historic putty bevels or details.

o Secure hardware.

o Replace peeling paint.

o Remove hardware prior to painting doors and windows. Reinstall after the paint process is complete.

Not Recommended

o Avoid using mechanical devices to remove old putty.

o Avoid using cleaning compounds with ammonia that may stain brass or bronze hardware.

o Avoid pressure washing historic glass that may crack or break under extreme pressure.

o Leaving unpainted wood exposed to the elements for any length of time.

Guideline 89:

Maintenance of Ornamentation

Routine maintenance

o Maintaining and repairing ornamentation via means of scraping, painting, and using wood filler or epoxy

patching compounds to fill in damaged areas.

o Reattaching loose brackets, lamps or signs.

o Maintaining metal components such as sign armatures and railings by removing rust and corrosion.

Recommended

o For wood ornamentation, see Maintenance of Painted Surfaces.

Not Recommended

o Using any cleaning methods not compatible with the material that would permanently damage the historic

material.

Guideline 90:

Maintenance of Awnings and Canopies

Routine maintenance

o Maintaining and repairing awnings so that the original function and look remains the same.

o Replacing awnings with new material that exactly matches the existing material.

Recommended

46

o Maintain metal components by removing rust and corrosion. Prime and repaint.

Not Recommended

o Patching rips and tears in the awning material that distracts from the overall look.

o Avoid patching or repairing with materials that do not match the existing.

Guideline 91:

Maintenance of Equipment and Hardware

Routine maintenance

o Replacing existing mechanical equipment that does not require alteration of historic building features and that is

not visible from the public way or other properties at any time of the year.

o Installing or altering door or window locks, doorknobs, main slots, individual mailboxes and other minor

hardware that does not require alteration of historic building features.

Recommended

o Regular maintenance of mechanical equipment to avoid a mechanical failure that could damage historic

materials.

Not Recommended

o Installing or altering the minor hardware listed above with new hardware not compatible with the historic period

of significance.

Guideline 92:

Maintenance of Fencing

Routine maintenance

o Repair and replacement of wood members to match those existing in composition, dimension, shape, texture

and paint color and finish.

o Repair of ironwork fencing by repairing welds and replacing rivets and bolts in kind or with stainless steel.

Removing rust via hand methods using a wire brush or drill with wire brush attachment.

o Applying metal primer and oil based finish coats to match existing color and finish.

Recommended

o Regular maintenance of wood and ironwork fencing to avoid permanent damage to historic materials.

Not Recommended

o Removing rust on historic ironwork fencing using sand blasting, liquids or solvents.

o Removing paint using a sandblaster on wood fencing. This may damage the wood beyond repair.

o Using paint, finishes and epoxy that allow moisture penetration on wood fencing.

o Any methods of maintenance that remove or damage the wood fencing, making it unfeasible to retain.

Guideline 93:

Maintenance of Painted Surfaces

Routine maintenance

o Repainting surfaces with previously approved and applied paint of the same color and finish.

o Cleaning and washing painted surfaces.

o Refer to this link from the National Park Service for additional information. https://www.nps.gov/tps/how-to-

preserve/briefs/10-paint-problems.htm

Recommended

o Cleaning using the gentlest means possible. Start with brushes and water.

Not Recommended

o Avoid abrasive methods such as mechanical scrapers and high-pressure water or air.

o Avoid additives to water such as sand, natural soda, ice crystals or rubber products.

47

48


NEIGHBORHOODS

Commercial Core Neighborhood

The Commercial Core contains the center of

traditional business activity of the City and

includes Main Street, the westernmost portions

of Gregory and Lawrence Streets as well as

portions of Spring and Pine Streets. See the map

below for the complete boundary delineation.

Most building sites in the Commercial Core

retain their historic buildings and the perception

of the character of the area. The City seeks to

maintain the retail and commercial character of

this neighborhood by prohibiting the

construction of commercial wood buildings.

This means that the visual impacts of change shall be minimized. The preservation of historic buildings is a high priority and new

construction shall be similar in character and scale to the historic context.

The Commercial Core neighborhood has the highest density of buildings in The City of Central. The facades sit directly on the

street, creating a continuous building wall with a consistent height and rhythm of window and door openings. The streets in this

area are paved and contain sidewalks on both sides. The majority of sidewalks are made of flagstone which adds to the character

of the street and is compatible with the buildings. Due to the unique character of this area, the following neighborhood specific

guidelines apply:

Buildings shall be built to the front and side property lines. Align the facade of any new construction with existing

structures.

The building front of a new structure shall be similar in scale to those found historically; typically 20 to 50 feet wide

with the average being 25 feet wide.

If the building is greater than 50 feet wide, the perceived facade width module shall fall within the 25 foot wide average.

The storefront pattern shall be differentiated every 25 feet on average.

The first floor shall appear to be a full floor in height; any mezzanines shall be set back a minimum of 10 feet, so that

they do not visually impact the apparent floor height as seen from the street.

First floor level shall be at or near grade level at the entrance with no more than two steps up from the street.

The pitch of the roof is not as important as the edge created by the cornice line as perceived from across the street or

from 50 feet. A parapet wall continuing the cornice line of neighboring structures is recommended.

The street floor shall be predominantly glass. Use traditional storefront components and relationships. Storefront frame

and column material may be painted wood or metal. See Guideline 51.

Figure O

The Commercial Core Neighborhood

49

Maintain the pattern created by recessed

entry ways. Avoid doors that are flush

with the sidewalk. Use doors with large

areas of glass. Refer to photo xi.

Maintain the pattern and alignment

created by upper story windows.

The ratio of window width to height is

approximately 1:2-1/2 for most upper

floor windows. Refer to figure P.

Upper floors shall be perceived as being

more opaque than lower floors, with

smaller vertically-oriented windows

penetrating the facade.

The ratio of openings (upper-floor

windows) shall range from 30-40, refer to photo xi. The ratio of solid surfaces (wall) shall range from 60-70%.

Masonry, brick or stone, is required for commercial buildings as the primary building material. Subtle distinctions in

materials between new and old construction are encouraged. This could include dating the building or using new brick.

Brick, stone and painted wood and metal are appropriate trim materials.

Maintain the historic character and structural integrity of

common party walls. A minimum 10 foot deep, front to

rear, demising wall shall be repeated every 25 feet. See

Guideline 55.

Architectural details and ornament shall be based on

historic references to a specific style in the Commercial

Core’s period reflecting its period of significance (from

1874 to 1918). The amount of these features shall be

similar to the adjacent historic structures.

Murals and graphics shall be similar to 19th century

advertisements once common in The City of Central and

shall not advertise or relate to any business or service

presently existing in the area.

Moldings shall be similar in scale and character to those used historically.

The entablature molding above the storefronts often align at the same height in a block. Maintaining this line will help to

reinforce a sense of visual continuity for the street. Refer to photo xi. If they stair-step, maintain that pattern.

Repeat building components found on the front elevation when designing the side elevation of a building that is located

adjacent to a through lot.

Develop alley or rear street facades (where appropriate) that are plain and simple in appearance and that will maintain

the architectural integrity of the primary façade.

Maintain the horizontal alignment of facade elements in elevation by the alignment of setbacks, cornices, and facade

openings. On sloping streets, these elements create a "stair-step" line, which shall be maintained.

Signs shall follow the sign code.

Warehouse Neighborhood

Figure P

Upper story windows generally have a 1:2-1/2 ratio.

Photo xi

Maintain the pattern created by recessed entry ways.

50

The Warehouse Neighborhood is a small area consisting of a one-sided row of two- and three-story buildings with either flat or

gable roofs of tin or steel fronting Spring Street. The character of this neighborhood is defined by the historic building type, their

site location at the base of Central Hill and on the east side of Spring Street, and the patterns and rhythms created by window and

door openings. The visual continuity of the

streetscape established by these structures shall be

encouraged and maintained. New buildings in the

Warehouse Neighborhood shall be similar in scale

and character to those seen historically. Protect and

maintain the character of this neighborhood by

encouraging warehouse looking structures on the

east side of Spring Street.

Due to the unique character of this area, the following neighborhood specific guidelines apply:

Primary facades shall be one to three and one half stories high.

Footprints of new construction shall reflect historic footprints.

Use roof forms that are similar to those seen historically. A gabled roof on a commercial structure is rare in The City of

Central; therefore, its presence here is unique. Gabled and flat/shed roofs are appropriate.

Roof materials shall be similar to those used historically. Composition roofing and true standing-seam metal is

appropriate.

Maintain the pattern of primary building entrances and loading/ storage doors facing the street.

Fronts shall have a solid-to-void ratio similar to those seen historically. The ratio of open surface (windows, doors) shall

be from approximately 12% (the Sauer-McShane Warehouse) to 30% (the Seavy Block). Conversely, the ratio of

enclosed surfaces (walls) of the building exterior shall range from approximately 70% to 88%.

Gregory Gulch Mixed Use Neighborhood

The Gregory Street Mixed Use Neighborhood is located north of Mammoth Hill, defined by "D" Street to the west, Lawrence

Street to the north, Black Hawk City limits to the east and the base of Mammoth Hill to the south. See the adjacent map for a

complete boundary delineation. This neighborhood retains a small number of commercial, residential and inactive mining

structures with the recent

Photo xii

Warehouses fronting Spring Street

Photo xiii

The former xx warehouse today

Figure Q

The Warehouse Neighborhood

Figure R

The Gregory Gulch Mixed Use Neighborhood

51

addition of one gaming and hotel structure. Remains of large mill buildings and monuments are also found in this area.

The goal for the Gregory Street Mixed Use Neighborhood is to reestablish its historic mixed-use character. This neighborhood

has changed extensively since its early days. Once densely built with commercial, mining and residential buildings, it now is

sparsely developed. A variety of building types and sizes shall be developed that reflect the importance of this once diverse

neighborhood.

While new development occurs, the community's goal is to preserve the few surviving historic structures of the neighborhood.

This is not to say the historic character shall be exactly reproduced. On the contrary, new development shall be distinguishable

from the historic condition while also conveying a sense of the earlier buildings. In particular, variety in building sizes, forms and

materials shall occur in each large project that echoes the character of historic development.

Due to the unique character of this area, the following neighborhood specific guidelines apply:

A combination of

square, rectangular, and

L-shaped building

footprints and solids

shall be used in large

projects. Curvilinear

design elements may be

allowed on a case by

case basis.

A variety of building

sizes are encouraged.

The size of new

buildings shall reflect

the size of historic

buildings. Refer to Figure S.

A height of one to three stories is recommended. As building height increases, building step back distances shall also

increase.

A combination of gable, shed and flat roofs is preferred. Flat roofs shall be subordinate in the overall composition.

For gable roofs, a slope of 6:12 is recommended. A 4:12 slope shall be the minimum. Material selection shall be taken

into consideration for roof slope.

Express individual facades by changes in materials, detail and setback.

The perceived height of the first floor of a new structure shall be 10-15 feet in height. Consult zoning and land use codes

for any specific regulation on first floor height.

The first floor shall be a full floor in height; any mezzanines shall be set back from the front such that they do not

visually impact the apparent floor height as seen from the street.

The appearance of the first floor may be defined by windows, doors and architectural details such as entablature

moldings, corbels and pilasters.

Individual massing components shall have a distinct treatment of building materials. This allows the different

components to appear as individual buildings.

Landscaped yards, plazas and courts are encouraged.

Entrances shall appear frequently in a development, at approximately the same intervals as seen historically on the street.

All primary pedestrian/public entrances shall be oriented to the street.

Porticos, arcades and one-story porches shall define primary entrances.

Figure S

The relative heights and widths of the representative buildings that once were in the Gregory Gulch Mixed Use

Neighborhood are summarized in this diagram.

52

Vertically oriented openings are appropriate. Most windows and doors had a ratio of width to height of one to two and

one-half. Other proportions may be considered, based upon historic reference.

Use a ratio of solid to void that is similar to that seen on historic structures in the area. Refer to historic photos of the area

for specific examples.

Minimize negative impacts of new

buildings upon nearby historic

structures.

Protect, maintain, and repair significant

stylistic features of historic structures

as a part of any new development.

New construction immediately adjacent

to an existing historic structure may

leave it freestanding, with a minimum

of 10 feet in separation between the

historic structure and the new structure.

This is the preferred approach. Refer to

Figure T, example A.

The new structure may step down in

scale around the existing historic

structure, so that the historic structure

is not dwarfed by new construction.

Refer to Figure T.

A small connection between the new

building and the historic building may be considered. Refer to Figure T, example B.

A minimum of 50% of the building frontage shall be set back from the sidewalk edge. This allows for front yard areas to

be developed for pedestrian/public use. Verify this is in the code.

Driveways shall be placed to the side of a building lot where feasible. Parking areas that are located at grade shall be

screened from the street in a manner that will provide interest to pedestrians.

Parking area screening may include landscaping, wall murals, or development of other uses in front of surface or

structured parking.

Figure T

Leaving an historic building free-standing is preferred, as seen in the top sketch. Linking it

to a new structure with a subordinate connector is also an appropriate approach, as seen in

the middle sketch. Additions that would obscure the historic building’s perceived scale and

form are inappropriate, as seen in the bottom sketch.

53

Eureka Street Neighborhood

The Eureka Street Neighborhood contains a

diverse mix of civic, religious and residential

structures. This neighborhood stretches east to

west from the Opera House to Prosser Street along

Eureka Street. It includes the lots south of Eureka

Street, while only four lots north of the street,

flanking County Road, are in this neighborhood.

It also contains a mix of residential and

commercial structures. Refer to the adjacent map

for the complete boundary delineation.

In this neighborhood, diversity is a key characteristic that shall be maintained. A mixture of building types exists in this

neighborhood, including a few residential structures, the Opera House, the Gilpin County Courthouse, St. James Methodist

Church, and the remains of the City Brewery and the Hendries Bros. Foundry. A handful of important buildings remain on Pine

Street, including the Henderson Block. The mix of historic structures adds vitality to this area. New buildings shall reflect the

variety of building types and sizes seen historically in this neighborhood.

Historic buildings in the neighborhood shall be the

dominant forms that establish the perceived mass along

the street. New structures shall not appear larger in

mass than these historic civic structures.

Commercial structures shall not be designed to appear

like civic or public structures; for example, the Opera

House and Court House.

New development shall continue to express the pattern

of development by siting buildings similarly to those

historically and by using landscape designs that reflect

traditional lot widths. Thus, a variety in setbacks is

encouraged.

Typically, in this neighborhood one building is placed

to one side of one building lot, or it may span from side property line to side property line.

Footprints of new construction shall reflect the most common square, rectangular, and L-shaped historic footprints.

New construction shall be compatible in scale to surrounding buildings.

New buildings shall not exceed the height of those found historically in neighborhood. However, a variety in building

heights is encouraged.

Primary facades shall be one to two stories high.

Large residential boarding houses and small industrial (foundry) building types are appropriate.

Photo xiv

The historic Central City Opera House

Figure U

The Eureka Street Neighborhood

54

Residential Neighborhoods

The City wishes to minimize the visual effects of change while accommodating new

development in the Residential Neighborhoods. The preservation of all historic structures is a high priority and new buildings

shall blend in with the established scale and character. The City encourages the rehabilitation of existing and development of new

residential structures. New structures shall be similar in size to historic structures in the immediate neighborhood and shall be

sited with the natural topography of the land. Existing retaining rubble rock walls of dry-laid stone at the street edge shall be

maintained wherever possible. Continuity of scale in all proposed projects reinforces the visual and physical connection between

all of the residential neighborhoods.

Building footprints shall reflect the variety in size, shape, and proportion of historic footprints that once existed in the

Neighborhoods.

The overall perceived scale of the building is the combination of height, width, and length, and essentially equals its

perceived volume.

Primary facades shall be one to three stories high.

Square, rectangular, L-shaped, and clustered building footprints are most common in residential neighborhoods.

Typical building lots reflect the natural topography of the neighborhoods. They shall align along the winding streets of

The City of Central which conform to the contours of the hillsides and gulches. This produces an organic, "non-gridded"

neighborhood pattern that shall be maintained.

New streets or drives shall maintain the curvilinear character of lot arrangements.

Figure V

The Residential Neighborhood District

55

New development shall continue to express this pattern of development by siting buildings similar to the historic manner

and by using landscape elements that reflect the traditional lot widths. Maintain the diverse use of wood, brick and stone

residential building materials in all new construction.

Photo xv

A residence on E 3rd Street with historic rubble rock wall.

Photo xvi

A residence on Casey Street.

56

Quartz Hill Neighborhood

The Parking Lot/Tailings Neighborhood consists of the parking

lots that are located south of Bridge Street, and is bounded on

the east side by Nevada Street, on the west by Spring Street

and Roworth Street. Refer to the adjacent map for the

boundary delineation.

Emphasis shall be placed on site improvements that are

visually attractive and pedestrian-friendly. Landscaping is

encouraged to visually buffer the site and to stabilize slopes.

The existing "Big T" parking lot shall be adaptable to change

or new development in the long term. Shall building occur, a

variety of building types and sizes, in keeping with the historic

diversity of the area, are desired.

A variety of building height, similar to the diversity seen historically, is encouraged. Large projects shall include a range

of building sizes. If one large structure is proposed, it shall have the appearance of being several structures through

variation of building height and materials.

New construction proposed for the Quartz Hill neighborhood shall be similar in architectural details and styles to historic

buildings in immediately adjacent neighborhoods.

Figure W

The Quartz Hill Neighborhood

57


APPENDIX

Glossary

ADAPTIVE USE: Converting building to a new use that is different from that which its design reflects is considered to be

"adaptive use." For example, converting a residential structure to offices is adaptive use. Good adaptive use projects retain the

historic character while accommodating the new functions.

ADDITION: Any new construction which increases the height or floor area of an existing building or adds to it (as a porch, room,

etc.). If the addition equals or exceeds the total square footage of the existing building, it shall be considered a new building and

not an addition.

ALIGNMENT: The way that buildings are positioned along the street. The arrangement of objects along a straight line.

Alignment can be created by facade elements, such as windows or horizontal elements such as cornices; by buildings with the

same setback; or by the site.

ANODIZE: To put a protective oxide on a metal by an electrolytic process.

AWNING: A roof like shelter or canvas etc., erected as a protection against sun or rain.

APPROPRIATE: Sympathetic, or fitting to the context of the site and its neighbors.

ARCADE: A covered walk with a line of arches along one or both sides. A covered walk with shops and offices along one side.

ARCHITECTURAL CONCEPT: The basic aesthetic idea of a building, or group of buildings or structures, including the site and

landscape development that produces the architectural character.

ARCHITECTURAL FEATURE: A prominent or significant part or element of a building, structure, or site.

ARCHITECTURAL REVIEW: A process for reviewing design concepts and interpreting design guidelines.

ARCHITECTURAL STYLE: The characteristic form and detail, as of buildings of a particular historic period.

ARCHITECTURE: The art and science of designing and building structures, or large groups of structures, in keeping with

aesthetic and functional criteria. Structures built in accordance with such principles.

ARCHITRAVE: The ornamental millings around the faces of the jambs and lintel: of a doorway or other openings.

BACKING BRICK: A relatively low-quality brick used behind face brick or other masonry. Used like cement blocks are used

now.

BALUSTRADE: A railing or low wall consisting of a handrail on balusters (small supporting posts) and a base rail.

BASE: The lowest part of a building; the lowest part of a column.

58

BAY: One unit of a building facade, defined either by columns or piers or single or grouped openings, such as windows.

BOND: An arrangement of masonry units to provide strength, stability, and in some cases, beauty through a setting pattern. The

ability to hold together.

BRACKETS: An overhanging member that projects from a structure as a wall and is usually designed to support a vertical load or

to strengthen an angle.

BRICK: solid or hollow masonry unit of clay molded into a rectangular shape while plastic, and then burnt in a kiln.

BRIDGE: A structure spanning and providing passage over a waterway, railroad or other obstacle. Verb: to build a bridge over; to

cross by or as if by a bridge.

BUILDING FOOTPRINT: The area of land covered by any part of the building above ground, including overhangs.

BULKHEAD: A kick plate or panel below the display windows. Also can be called a lower window panel or just a "kick plate".

BUTTERING: Placing mortar on a masonry unit with a trowel.

CAP: The top member of a column or pilaster.

CAST IRON: Iron produced by casting molten ore into molds of a wide variety of shapes and sizes; used for structural members,

freestanding ornament and components of building facades.

CHANNEL: The bed of a stream or river. Verb: to make or cut channels in.

CLERESTORY: An upper zone of wall pierced with windows that admit light into a large room.

COMMONWALL: See Party Wall.

COMPATIBILITY: Harmony in the appearance of two or more external design features in the same vicinity.

COMPOSITION: The organization of the parts. In design, the arrangement of elements in relation to one another, generally

according to a predetermined set of standards or conventions.

CONSERVATION: The protection and care that prevent destruction or deterioration of historic or otherwise significant

structures, buildings or natural resources.

CONSTRUCTION: The act of objects or constructing, and the way in which a building, structure, or object or part thereof, is

constructed by new parts, methods and devices.

CONTEXT: The surrounding environment of a building or site, including other structures, site features, landscape and streets.

CONTRIBUTING ADDITION: Any addition to a contributing structure that is at least 50 years old or older, which adds to the

historic architectural quality of that district, and possesses historic integrity reflecting its character at that time.

CONTRIBUTING STRUCTURE: Any building or structure which adds to the historic architectural qualities, historic

associations, or archeological values for which a property is significant because it was present during the period of significance

1859-1918, and it possesses historic integrity reflecting its character at that time.

59

COPING: A protective cap, top or covering of a wall parapet or chimney often of stone, concrete or metal. May be flat, but

commonly and correctly sloping, double-beveled, or curved to shed water so as to protect masonry below from penetration of

water from above.

CORBEL: In masonry, a projection or one of a series of projections, each stepped progressively farther forward with height; used

to support an overhanging member or to be used as a decorative element. A shelf or ledge formed by projecting successive

courses of masonry out from the face of the wall.

CORNICE: Any molded projection which crowns or finishes the part to which it is attached. The molding forming the top

member of a door or window. The exterior trim of a structure at the top of a wall or building's front facade.

CORNICE LINE: The horizontal line made by a cornice.

COURSE: One of the continuous horizontal layers of units, bonded with mortar in masonry.

COVER: To place something upon, over or in front of, so as to protect, shut in or conceal

DEMOLISH: To tear down, raze or remove.

DEMOLITION: The act of demolishing.

DENTILS: Rectangular supporting blocks beneath the cornice of an entablature.

DORMER: A window set upright in a sloping roof; the roofed projection in which this window is set.

EFFLORESCENCE: The white powdery stains on masonry caused by chemical reactions in the mortar.

ELEVATION: One face or side of a building, generally on the exterior.

ELEVATION DRAWINGS: Drawings of walls/facades of a building usually made as though the observer were looking straight

at the wall. Usually drawn to scale and without perspective.

ENTABLATURE: The section including the architrave, frieze, and cornice of a building or structure, above the supporting

columns.

EXTERIOR BUILDING COMPONENT: An essential and visible part of the exterior of a building.

EXTERIOR DESIGN FEATURE: The general arrangement of any portion of a building, sign, site, or structure and including the

kind, color, and texture of the materials, of such portion, and the types of cornice window doors, lights, attached signs, or other

fixtures appurtenant to such portions as will be open to public view from any street, place, or way.

FACADE: The exterior face of a building which is the architectural front, sometimes distinguished from the other faces by

elaboration of architectural or ornamental details. The front, or principal, exterior face of a building may refer to other prominent

exterior faces as well.

FASCIA: A horizontal bank or vertical face trim.

FALSE FRONT: A facade that extends well above the rest of the building, generally to conceal a gabled roof and give the

impression that a building is larger than its actual size.

FENESTRATION: The arrangement of windows in a building facade.

60

FINIAL: A usually foliated ornament forming an upper extremity, a crowning ornament or detail.

FLOOR PLAN: The horizontal section through a building showing size and location of rooms, also doors, windows, etc., in the

wall. Usually drawn to scale and with symbol conventions as though the structure was cut through horizontally at 3 feet above the

floor.

FLUME: A narrow gorge usually with a stream flowing through it; an artificial channel or chute for a stream of water, as for

furnishing power or conveying logs.

FRAME: A rigid structure forming a support for other parts of a building or structure, an open case or border in which a window,

door, pane of glass, etc. may be set.

FREESTANDING SIGN: A detached sign which is supported by one or more columns, uprights or braces extended from the

ground or from an object on the ground, or a detached sign which is erected on the ground.

FRIEZE: The part of an entablature between the architrave and the cornice, a sculptured or richly ornamented bank.

GABLE: The triangular wall enclosed by the sloping ends of a ridged roof.

GLAZE/GLAZED: To fit or cover with glass; covered with glass.

GRAPHIC ELEMENT: A letter, illustration, symbol figure, insignia, or other device employed to express and illustrate a message

or part thereof.

HARMONY: A quality that represents an appropriate and congruent arrangement of parts, as in an arrangement of varied

architectural and site elements.

HOOD MOLDING: A projecting molding around the top of a doorway or window to throw off the rain.

HPC: Historic Preservation Commission.

HPO: Historic Preservation Officer.

ILLUMINATE: To light up, to supply with or brighten with light, to make luminous or shining.

INDIRECT LIGHTING: Light only from a concealed light source outside the sign face which reflects from the sign face.

INFILL: New construction put in place of an old building or vacant lot.

INTERNAL ILLUMINATION: A light from a source concealed or contained within the sign, and which becomes visible through

a translucent surface.

KICKPLATE: A solid panel beneath a storefront display window or door.

LANDMARK: A prominent building or feature officially designated as having special status and protection.

LANDSCAPE/LANDSCAPING: To modify or ornament for human use by placement of structures, vehicular and pedestrian

ways and plantings.

LATTICE: An openwork screen or grill made of interlocking or overlapping strips.

61

LIGHT/LITE: An aperture through which daylight is admitted to the interior of a building. A pane of glass, a window, or a

compartment of a window.

LINTEL: A horizontal piece of timber, stone or metal etc. over a door or other opening.

LOAD-BEARING WALL: A wall capable of supporting an imposed load in addition to its own weight.

LUMINAIRE: A lighting unit; the housing for a light bulb, used for exterior lighting.

MAINTENANCE: The planned task of up keeping a building.

MASONRY: Brick, tile, stone, etc., or combination thereof, bonded with mortar.

MATERIALS: The physical elements out of which the shell and structure of a building is or can be constructed; these include

brick, stone, wood, metal, etc.

MECHANICAL: Any heating, ventilation, or air-conditioning equipment, interior or exterior, that aids in the function or

maintenance of a new or existing structure.

MOLDING: A shaded strip of wood, metal, brick, etc. usually mounted horizontally and used as ornament on a surface of a

structure.

MENT SIGN: A free-standing sign, generally low to the ground with a continuous connection to the ground, as opposed to being

supported on a pole.

MORTAR: A plastic mixture of cementitious materials, fine aggregate and water.

MOTIF: An element in composition, a principal repeated element in design.

MULLION: The large vertical division of a window opening. In grouped windows it is the member that separates the sash of each

unit. An upright strip between the panes of glass of a tall window.

MUNTIN: The small members that divide the glass in a window frame. A vertical dividing bar in a divided window, a strip

separating panes of glass in a sash.

NON-CONTRIBUTING STRUCTURE: Any building or structure which does not add to the historic architectural qualities,

historic associations, or archeological values for which a property is significant because it was not present during the period of

significance 1859-1918; or due to alterations, disturbances, additions or other changes so that it no longer possesses historic

integrity reflecting its character at that time.

PARAPET: Either the edge of the roof or the top of a wall which forms the top line of the building silhouettes.

PARTITION: A dividing wall within a building; may be bearing or non-loadbearing.

PARTY WALL: A wall used jointly by two parties under easement agreement, erected upon a line dividing two parcels of land,

each of which is a separate real estate entity; a common wall. Highly discouraged and not to be used in new construction.

PATTERN: Similar objects repeated in a uniform manner. Patterns may be found in building materials; in identically shaped

elements of facades, such as window openings, ornamentations, columns, and brackets; in a repetition of buildings of similar size

or placement; or in a repetition of land use.

62

PEDIMENT: A crowning surface used ornamentally over doors, windows and building facades. May be triangular, curved or

rectangular. It often carried the name of the "block" and building date.

PIER: A rectangular masonry support either freestanding or built into a wall. A vertical structural support of a building, usually

rectangular.

PILASTER: A rectangular column, especially an ornamental one that projects from the wall into which it is set. When an attached

pier becomes very high in proportion to its width, it is called a pilaster.

PORTICO: A porch or covered walk consisting of a roof supported by columns; a colonnaded porch.

PRESERVATION: The act or process of applying measures to sustain the existing form, integrity and material of a building or

structure, and the existing form and vegetative cover of a site is defined as "preservation." It may include initial stabilization work

where necessary, as well as ongoing maintenance of the historic building materials

PRESERVE: To keep in perfect or unaltered condition. Preservation usually includes the overall form of the building, its

structural system, and finishes, as well as any decorative details. Landscaping materials may also be preserved. Note that

preservation of a structure may include keeping alterations and additions that have become important.

PROPORTION: Balanced relationship of parts of a building, site, structures, or buildings to each other and the whole.

RAIL: A horizontal dividing strip between panes of glass in a sash.

RECONSTRUCT: To create again. A building, room or detail may be reproduced in its exact detail and appearance as it once

existed. Accurate reconstruction requires good evidence of the original design. One approach to construction includes using the

same construction methods as were used originally, whereas a second approach allows the use of substitute methods and

materials, so long as they achieve the same visual effect as the original.

REHABILITATE: To return to useful life. Rehabilitation is the process of returning a property to a state of utility, through repair

or alteration, which makes possible an efficient contemporary use while preserving those portions and features of the property

which are significant to its historic, architectural and cultural values.

REHABILITATION: Rehabilitation is the process of returning a property to a state that makes a contemporary use possible

while still preserving those portions or features of the property that are significant to its historic, architectural and cultural values.

Rehabilitation may include the adaptive reuse of the building and major or minor additions may also occur. Most good

preservation projects in Central City may be considered to be rehabilitation projects.

REMODEL: To remake; to make over. In a remodeling, the appearance is changed by removing original detail and altering

spaces. New materials and forms are installed. Applying a "modem" front to an older building is an example of remodeling.

Often, these ·changes are not reversible.

REMODLING: To remake or to make over the design image of a building is to "remodel" it The appearance is changed by

removing original detail and by adding new features that are out of character with the original. A "stylistic" change is often

involved. A remodeling project is inappropriate on historic buildings in Central City.

RENOVATION: To "renovate" means to improve by repair, to revive. In renovation, the usefulness and appearance of the

building is enhanced. The basic character and significant details are respected and preserved, but some sympathetic alterations

may also occur. Alterations that are made are generally reversible, shall future owners wish to restore the building to its original

design.

REPOINTING/TUCK POINTING: The filling in with fresh mortar of cut out or defective mortar joints in masonry.

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RESTORATION: To "restore," one reproduces die appearance of a building exactly as it looked at a particular moment in time;

to reproduce a pure style either interior or exterior. This process may include the removal of later work that deviates from the

original style or the replacement of missing historic features. Use a restoration approach for missing details or features of an

historic building when the features are determined to be particularly significant to die character of the structure and when the

original configuration is accurately documented.

RESTORE: To bring back to a previous condition. In a restoration an earlier appearance of the building is recreated, both in form

and detail. Original elements that have been covered are exposed, and missing pieces replaced with new ones that match the

original.

SANDBIAST: A method of abrasive cleaning or abrading in which a stream of sand is projected by air or water pressure.

SASH: As pertains to architecture, either of a pair of frames holding the glass panes of a window and sliding up and down in

grooves.

SCALE: Proportional relationship of the size of the parts to ·one another and to the human figure. An architectural instrument

used for measurement.

S.F.: Square feet.

SHAFT: The main portion of a column, between the base and capital.

SILL: A strip of stone, metal or wood at the base of a window or door.

SIZE: The dimension, in height, width and depth of a building's facade.

SPALLING: The chipping, cracking and crumbling of masonry caused by water penetration.

SPECIFICATIONS: The written or printed description of materials, workmanship, etc., that accompany the working drawings of

a building.

STABILIZE: To make resistant to change in condition. A building is usually stabilized to retard deterioration until it can be

repaired. A weather-resistant closure and a safe structural system are minimum stabilization efforts.

STREETSCAPE: The overall character of the street, including the buildings, signs, trees, sidewalks, parking areas and pavement.

STOREFRONT: The lower facade of a commercial structure, usually comprised of iron and glass and broken into bays of

window spacings and recessed door openings.

STOREFRONT FRAME: The skeletal parts of a storefront facade.

STOREFRONT ARCHITECTURE: An architecture type that relates to the commercial needs of the merchandiser and consumer.

A commercial architecture. Some of the common elements of this style are: large display windows, recessed double doors,

signboard fascia, pilaster, bulkheads,

transoms and ornate cornices and pediments.

STRING COURSE: A thin projecting horizontal strip of masonry on the facade of a building.

STRUCTURE: Anything constructed or erected, the use of which requires permanent or temporary location on or in the ground.

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TERRA COTT A: A ceramic material molded decoratively and often glazed, used as a facing for buildings or as an inset

ornament.

TRANSOM: A horizontal cross bar in a window, over a door or between a door and window above it. Also refers to a window

above a door or other window built and often hinged to a transom.

UTILITY SER VICE: Any device, including wire, pipe, duct, tubing, and conduit, which carries gas, water, electricity, oil, air (in

or out), and communications into a building.

VOLUMETRICAL: Relating to or involving the measurement of volumes.

WALL: A structure which serves to enclose or subdivide a building, usually presenting a continuous surface except where

penetrated by doors, windows, and the like.

WATER TABLE: Architectural- a projecting, sloping member around a building near the ground to throw the rain water away

from the wall.

WORKING DRAWINGS: The actual working construction drawings. Drawn to scale with sufficient, dimensions, details,

information and symbols for contractors and workmen to complete the work as designed.

Reference to Paint Colors The following are the most commonly accepted historic paint palettes for Central City at the time of issue of this

document:

Sherwin Williams: Exterior Historic Colors

Benjamin Moore: Historical Colors

Paint manufacturers and companies change product names over time. For the most currently accepted paint colors contact the

HPO.

Reference to 1993 Guidelines The previous version of the Design Guidelines, published in 1993 contains additional historical descriptions of the City and its

neighborhoods that may be useful. Visit the City’s website or contact the HPO to view a copy.

Reference to the current Secretary of the Interior’s Standards The Secretary of the Interior's Standards for Rehabilitation

https://www.nps.gov/tps/standards/rehabilitation/rehab/stand.htm

Central City's design guidelines, specifically those for the rehabilitation of historic buildings, are modelled on the Secretary of the

Interior's Standards and Guidelines for Historic Preservation Projects, including the standards and guidelines for the

rehabilitation of historic buildings. The Secretary's standards, and supplemental information that may be published by the

National Park Service to assist in interpreting them, are relevant information that the Historic Preservation Commission may also

consider in making its determination of the appropriateness of a proposed project. These basic principles, as set forth by the

Secretary of the Interior, are adapted and expanded in the city's guidelines.

https://www.nps.gov/tps/standards/rehabilitation/rehab/stand.htm

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In general, the guidelines for rehabilitation ask that, to the greatest extent possible, all historic features of a structure be preserved

as is; when preservation is not feasible, repair shall occur; when repair of the historic feature is not possible, then replacement in

kind is appropriate. Note that only rehabilitation work proposed by the applicant is subject to review.

With respect to new construction, the Secretary of the Interior's standards generally encourage designs that are compatible and yet

distinguishable as being a product of their own time.

American with Disabilities Act Applicability of The American with Disabilities Act

The Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA), signed into law on July 26, 1990 and revised September 15, 2010, extends

comprehensive civil rights to individuals with disabilities. The ADA requires equal opportunity for persons with disabilities in

employment, State and local government programs, telecommunications, transportation, and places of public accommodation

(which includes commercial businesses). Public accommodations are obligated to remove barriers when alterations are made, and

when alterations are not planned, to remove barriers when it is "readily achievable." To the greatest extent possible, historic

properties must be made as accessible as non-historic properties. However, Congress recognized the national interest in

preserving significant historic properties, and established alternative requirements for buildings and facilities that cannot be made

physically accessible without threatening or destroying their significance. These alternative minimum requirements are

undertaken in consultation with the State Historic Preservation Officer (SHPO). For example, one accessible entrance must be

provided. If it is not possible to make the public entrance accessible, then an alternative, unlocked entrance is acceptable.

Directional signage at the primary entrance and a notification system at the accessible entrance must be provided. Further, if it is

determined in consultation with the SHPO that compliance with the alternative minimum requirements would also threaten or

destroy the significance of an historic building, alternative methods of access may be used. For example, an alternative method of

accessibility in a small historic house museum may be to provide audio-visual materials and devices to show inaccessible areas of

the historic property. (See "Preserving the Past and Making it Accessible for People with Disabilities,'' National Park Service,

October, 1992 and “Making Historic Properties Accessible”, National Park Service, September 1993.). The Historic Preservation

Commission will take these conditions into consideration in evaluating design proposals, and when it is appropriate, will

coordinate reviews with the State Historic Preservation Officer.

Reference to Disaster Preparedness for Historic Structures The following links may provide assistance for disaster preparedness for historic structures:

https://www.fema.gov/media-library/assets/documents/4317?id=1892

http://www.dplan.org/

https://www.nps.gov/preservation-grants/downloads/DisasterChecklist2015.pdf

https://www.ncptt.nps.gov/articles/disasters/creating-a-disaster-plan/

http://coloradopreservation.org/programs/endangered-places/disaster-preparedness/

http://www.achp.gov/sec106_disaster-responseFAQ.html

https://www.fema.gov/media-library/assets/documents/4317?id=1892

http://www.dplan.org/

https://www.nps.gov/preservation-grants/downloads/DisasterChecklist2015.pdf

https://www.ncptt.nps.gov/articles/disasters/creating-a-disaster-plan/

http://coloradopreservation.org/programs/endangered-places/disaster-preparedness/

http://www.achp.gov/sec106_disaster-responseFAQ.html

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Index

Additions to Existing Buildings ......................................... 25

Addressing .......................................................................... 22

American with Disabilities Act .......................................... 69

ARCHITECTURAL STYLES OF THE CITY OF

CENTRAL ....................................................................... 9

awnings .............................................................................. 35

Awnings ............................................................................. 46

Building Form, Shape and Proportion ................................ 16

Building Materials and Color ............................................. 17

Building Scale .................................................................... 14

Certificate of Appropriateness .............................................. 7

Colonial Revival ................................................................. 12

colors .................................................................................. 20

Commercial Core Neighborhood ....................................... 48

Decks .................................................................................. 27

DESIGN REVIEW PROCESS............................................. 7

Doors ............................................................................ 36, 45

Eureka Street Transitional Neighborhood .......................... 55

Exterior Lighting ................................................................ 20

False Front .......................................................................... 11

Fences ........................................................................... 22, 38

Fencing ............................................................................... 46

French Mansard .................................................................. 10

General Principles for Rehabilitation ................................. 30

Glossary .............................................................................. 60

Gothic Revival.................................................................... 10

Greek Revival ....................................................................... 9

Green roofs ......................................................................... 28

Greenhouses ....................................................................... 27

Gregory Gulch Mixed Use Neighborhood ......................... 52

Guidelines for the Rehabilitation of Commercial Type

Buildings ........................................................................ 33

Guidelines for the Rehabilitation of Residential Type

Buildings ........................................................................ 36

Gutters ................................................................................ 45

Importance of Maintaining Historic Assets ......................... 4

INTRODUCTION TO DESIGN REVIEW ......................... 7

Italianate ...................................................................... 10, 11

Landscape Design and Paving ........................................... 21

Masonry ............................................................................. 43

Mining Character ............................................................... 12

NEIGHBORHOODS ......................................................... 48

Outbuildings ...................................................................... 27

Paint Colors ....................................................................... 68

Porches ........................................................................ 27, 39

PRINCIPLES FOR ADDITIONS, PORCHES,

OUTBUILDINGS, AND NEW TECHNOLOGY ......... 25

PRINCIPLES FOR MAINTENANCE .............................. 43

PRINCIPLES FOR NEW CONSTRUCTION AND INFILL

....................................................................................... 13

PRINCIPLES FOR REHABILITATION OF EXISTING

BUILDINGS .................................................................. 29

Quartz Hill Neighborhood ................................................. 58

Queen Anne ................................................................. 10, 11

Residential Neighborhoods ................................................ 57

Rock Walls ........................................................................ 40

Rock Walls and Fences ...................................................... 21

Romanesque Revival ......................................................... 12

Roofs ........................................................................... 41, 44

Satellite dishes ................................................................... 28

Secretary of the Interior’s Standards ................................. 68

Settlement Patterns ............................................................ 13

sheds .................................................................................. 27

Shingles ............................................................................. 44

Siding ........................................................................... 42, 44

Solar panels ....................................................................... 27

Views ................................................................................. 23

Warehouse Neighborhood ................................................. 51

Windows ................................................................ 18, 37, 45

Documents

CITY OF CENTRAL, COLORADO · CITY OF CENTRAL, COLORADO PREFACE 2017 Design Guidelines Update These are the 2017 updated design guidelines for the City of Central, replacing the preceding