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History of Classification
Classification is the grouping of things according to similar characteristics.
Biological classifications systems name and organize living things in a logical, meaningful way.
Taxonomy is the science of classification.
The First Classification Systems:
Aristotle a Greek philosopher in 400BC created a system to classify living things. He divided living things into plants and animals. Then grouped animals by how they move.
Carolus Linnaeus a Swedish scientist in the 1800’s developed the system we use today.
Linnaeus’ Classification System
Binomial Nomenclature: The naming system developed by Linnaeus. Each organism is given two names.
Genus: Like your last name. Always capitalized and in italics.
Species: Like your first name. Always lower cased and in italics.
Canis lupus is a wolf.
Classification Today
Today’s classification system is based on Charles Darwin’s theory of evolution.
Internal and external structures. Advances in technology help us better observe
organisms. It gives each organism a unique named used all
over the world. All living things are classified into 8 groups.
Eight Major Groups
Species
Genus
Family
Order
Class
Phylum
Kingdoms
Domains
How to remember...
Stools
Green
Fat
On
Cards
Play
Kings
Do
The Domains & Kingdoms of Bacteria (Monera)
KingdomArchaeabacteriaAncient Bacteria
Domain Archaea
KingdomEubacteria
Typical Bacteria
Domain Bacteria
All Bacteria(Monera)
Domains Archaea & Bacteria Bacteria Unicellular (one-celled organism) Prokaryotes: No Nucleus Either Autotrophs : Self- food (can make own food) Or Heterotrophs: Other-food (can’t make own
food) Earliest life forms on Earth (3.5 billion years ago). Once called Monerans
Protists
Unicellular Eukaryotes:
Have a nucleus Can be either Autotrophs or Heterotrophs. Several million years old.