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Al-Imam University
Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, May 31, 2010 1 1
Hany H. Ammar
LANE Department of Computer Science and Electrical Engineering
West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia, USA,
Cloud Computing: Benefits and Challenges
A Seminar Presentation
Presented to the Faculty and Students of Al-Imam University
Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, May 31, 2010
بسم هللا الرحمن الرحيم
الحمد هلل ، والصالة والسالم على رسول هللا
Al-Imam University
Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, May 31, 2010 2 2
OUTLINE
• Research Team on Cloud Computing
• What is Cloud Computing ? – Utility Computing
– Utility versus Cloud computing
– Cluster and Grid Computing
– Examples of Campus clouds
– Grid and Community Computing
– Grid and Cloud Computing
• The West Virginia U. Project
• Benefits of Cloud Computing,
– What can we do with Cloud Computing?
• Challenges of Cloud Computing
• Making the case for Campus Clouds • Conclusions
Al-Imam University
Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, May 31, 2010 3 3
Research Team on Cloud
Computing
Faculty: • Dr. Matthew Valenti, West Virginia University
• Dr Abdelkarim Erradi, Qatar University
• Prof. Fatma Omara, Dr. hesham Hassan, Dr Sherif Khattab, Dr Osama Ismael, Cairo University
• Dr. Walid AbdelMoez, Arab Academy of Science and Techology, Alexandria, Egypt
Students:
Mohammed Said Saleh, Markous M. Yassa, Sana AbdulJalil, Amr Mahmoud
Al-Imam University
Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, May 31, 2010 4 4
What is Cloud Computing
Al-Imam University
Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, May 31, 2010 5 5
What is Cloud Computing
Resource availability is a key factor to achieve
prosperity of any society,
Particularly important are computing resources
E-Learning, E-Commerce, E-Government, E-Banking
To attain their full potential, computing resources need
to be efficiently utilized preferably in an aggregated
manner.
The demand for computing resources can now be met
by utility computing, grid computing, and most recently
cloud computing.
Al-Imam University
Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, May 31, 2010 6 6
What is Cloud Computing Utility Computing
Utility computing providers rent capacity on computing resources
that they maintain
Metered computing: analogous to electric power (Pay per use)
Resources often virtualized and shared by multiple tenants
Example: Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud (estimated $60
USD/Month for one EC2 Instance for 24hrs/day-7days/week).
Pay per use option
Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud (Amazon EC2) web service
provides resizable compute capacity in the cloud
Designed to make web-scale computing easier for
developers.
Al-Imam University
Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, May 31, 2010 7 7
What is Cloud Computing Utility versus Cloud computing
Cloud computing not only provides raw computing resources, but also hosts the applications that use these resources.
Applications usually accessed via a web browser.
User data typically stored on provider's file systems.
Underlying computing infrastructure concealed from user.
Example: gmail servers are concealed from users
Cloud Computing middleware systems are available for building clouds and their applications (e.g., Eucalyptus and Hadoop)
Al-Imam University
Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, May 31, 2010 8 8
What is Cloud Computing
Cluster and Grid Computing
A cluster is a collection of tightly coupled
computing servers.
Usually co-located.
A computing grid is a distributed collection of
computing servers.
While the servers may be dedicated resources, they could
be borrowed from idle desktop computers.
A grid middleware system is needed to support the
development and assessment of service-oriented grid
systems and applications (e.g., CROWN-C) http://www.wrgrid.org.uk/Resources/Leaflets/WRG_COLAB_Sept2007.pdf
Al-Imam University
Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, May 31, 2010 9 9
Example: University of Florida Campus Grid
Al-Imam University
Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, May 31, 2010 10 10
Example: University of California Campus Grid
Al-Imam University
Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, May 31, 2010 11
The WVU Cloud Computing
Project
A research team at West Virginia University led by Dr. Mat Valenti has been
developing a cloud computing resource for the purpose of scientific computing by running a Matlab compute engine applications on underutilized computers
located in the student computer labs and computer classrooms
Frontier CC middleware
Al-Imam University
Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, May 31, 2010 12 12
What is Cloud Computing
Grid and Community Computing
Community computing projects assemble a grid of donated CPU resources using volunteers idle cycles
Example: The BOINC software by UC Berkley is an Open-
source software for volunteer computing and grid computing.
BOINC lets you donate your idle computer time to science projects like SETI@home, Climateprediction.net, Rosetta@home, Folding@home, World Community Grid, and many, Folding@home (http://boinc.berkeley.edu/download.php)
Uses Screensavers (windows) or low-priority process (linux)
Al-Imam University
Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, May 31, 2010 13 13
What is Cloud Computing
Grid and Cloud Computing
Resource Sharing:
Grid enhances fair sharing of resources across organization.
Cloud provide resources according to demand so no actual
sharing of resources due to the isolation through virtualization
Virtualization:
Grid: virtualization covers both data and resources (flat file and
database).
Cloud adds virtualization for hardware resources too
Security:
Grid: security is not seriously explored.
Cloud: Each user has a unique access to the virtualized
environment
Al-Imam University
Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, May 31, 2010 14 14
What is Cloud Computing
Grid and Cloud Computing
Usability: Clouds are easily usable hiding the deployment details from the
user.
Grid: hard to manage
Payment model: Cloud use pay- per use model.
Grid fixed rate per service.
Scalability Both Grid and cloud deals with scalability
Heterogeneity: Both cloud and grid support aggregation of heterogonous
hardware and software.
Al-Imam University
Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, May 31, 2010 15 15
OUTLINE
• Research Team on Cloud Computing
• What is Cloud Computing ?
• Benefits of Cloud Computing,
– What can we do with Cloud Computing?
• Challenges of Cloud Computing
• Making the case for Campus Clouds
• Conclusions
Al-Imam University
Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, May 31, 2010 16 16
Benefits of Cloud Computing Cloud computing is a model that supports everything as a service
(XaaS), e.g, the X changes to an I for,
Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)
Physical resource set (PRS):
is hardware dependent or vendor dependent
Virtual resource set (VRS): is built on top of PRS to
run in multivendor cloud
Al-Imam University
Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, May 31, 2010 17 17
Benefits of Cloud Computing
Platform as a service (PaaS): Java or .NET
Al-Imam University
Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, May 31, 2010 18 18
Benefits of Cloud Computing
Software as a service (SaaS): e.g Gmail, Google Docs, Matlab,
Al-Imam University
Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, May 31, 2010 19 19
Benefits of Cloud Computing
Human as a service (HaaS): Amazon Mechanical Turk (MTurk) is one of the suites of Amazon Web Services, a crowdsourcing marketplace that enables computer programs to coordinate the use of Human Intelligence to perform Tasks (HITs) which computers are unable to do
Workers can work at home and make money by choosing from thousands of posted HITs.
Al-Imam University
Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, May 31, 2010 20 20
Benefits of Cloud Computing
The Big Picture of the Cloud Layered Architecture
Fig : Cloud Stack
Al-Imam University
Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, May 31, 2010 21 21
Benefits of Cloud Computing
The Provided services in the Cloud are the following:
Virtualized physical resources,
Virtualized infrastructure,
Virtualized middleware platforms
Virtualized business applications
Cloud computing reduces the need for advanced hardware on the
clients side
Clients can use inexpensive small Net Books and virtually have the
processing power of an expandable Grid computing system
No need to buy a set of software or software licenses
Data is no longer confined to the user's hard drive, will be able to access
data and applications from anywhere at any time. There is no more lost
data due to hard drive failures
Corporations would save money on IT support, and No need for space to
house expensive hardware and software servers.
Al-Imam University
Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, May 31, 2010 22 22
OUTLINE
• Research Team on Cloud Computing
• What is Cloud Computing ?
• Examples of Campus clouds
• Benefits of Cloud Computing, – What can we do with Cloud Computing?
• Challenges of Cloud Computing
• Making the case for Campus Clouds
• Conclusions
Al-Imam University
Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, May 31, 2010 23 23
Challenges of Cloud Computing
Providing Support for both Service Users and Service Providers
Al-Imam University
Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, May 31, 2010 24 24
Challenges of Cloud Computing
Service Providers: Development Services, or Build
and Test Services,
Software Engineering Methodologies and tools
How to manage clouds for Application Lifecycle Management
The Cloud manager can limit projects to certain clouds, control
costs, manage security, or supplement resources during peak use
Service Users: easily usable clouds, hiding the
deployment details from the user using virtualization,
Security and privacy are the biggest concerns
Cost accounting data , and usage tracking for Multiple
Clouds
Al-Imam University
Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, May 31, 2010 25 25
Challenges of Cloud Computing:
Build and Test Workflow, Challenges at all three levels
Al-Imam University
Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, May 31, 2010 26 26
Challenges of Cloud Computing: Build and Test Tasks Require complex environments
Al-Imam University
Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, May 31, 2010 27 27
Challenges of Cloud Computing Model-Driven Design
Interdisciplinary
Development teams:
End-to-End
Collaboration &
Change Management
Al-Imam University
Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, May 31, 2010 28 28
Challenges of Cloud Computing Cloud Management and Control
Al-Imam University
Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, May 31, 2010 29 29
Challenges of Cloud Computing Examples of Current Support for IaaS
Apache Hadoop: A Java software framework that
supports data-intensive distributed applications and
enables applications to work with thousands of nodes
and large amounts of data. http://hadoop.apache.org/
Nimbus is an open-source toolkit that, once installed
on a cluster, provides an infrastructure as a Service
cloud to its client via WSRF-based or Amazon EC2
WSDL web service APIs, http://www.nimbusproject.org/
Al-Imam University
Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, May 31, 2010 30 30
Challenges of Cloud Computing
Examples of Current Support
AbiCloud Supports SaaS
http://abicloud.org/display/abiCloud/Home
Al-Imam University
Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, May 31, 2010 31 31
Challenges of Cloud Computing
Examples of Current Support enStratus Supports SaaS, ReliaCloud Supports IaaS
enStratus is a SaaS-based system for managing cloud infrastructures across multiple providers
http://www.enstratus.com/
enStratus focuses on the deployment and ongoing management of transactional database applications in clouds like Amazon Web Services and ReliaCloud.
The main features of enStratus include cloud security and availability management.
ReliaCloud provides virtual Servers deployed within a virtualization environment that is architected to maximize uptime and performance. http://www.reliacloud.com/
Al-Imam University
Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, May 31, 2010 32 32
Challenges of Cloud Computing Examples of Current Support for PaaS and IaaS
Sun Cloud is an on-demand Cloud computing service operated by Sun Microsystems. The Sun Cloud Compute Utility provides access to a substantial computing resource over the Internet for US$1 per CPU-hour.
The Rackspace Cloud is a web application hosting/cloud platform provider ("Cloud Sites") that bills on a utility computing basis. It has branched out into cloud storage ("Cloud Files") and cloud infrastructure ("Cloud Servers"), http://www.rackspacecloud.com/
Kaavo provides solutions for deploying and managing on-demand applications and workloads in the cloud.
http://www.kaavo.com/home
Al-Imam University
Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, May 31, 2010 33 33
OUTLINE
• Research Team on Cloud Computing
• What is Cloud Computing ?
• Examples of Campus clouds
• Benefits of Cloud Computing, – What can we do with Cloud Computing?
• Challenges of Cloud Computing
• Making the case for Campus Clouds
• Conclusions
Al-Imam University
Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, May 31, 2010 34 34
Making the case for Campus Clouds
College Campuses maintain significant Infrastructure of computing resources in computing Labs
This infrastructure is under utilized (many students use laptops and Net Books)
Service Providers and Users are in need for inexpensive computing resources
Al-Imam University
Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, May 31, 2010 35 35
Making the case for Campus Clouds
Developing IaaS Campus cloud project aggregating the
computing resources of multiple college campuses
would provide the following benefits:
Providing extra Revenue to colleges from service providers and
businesses
Providing students with an environment for learning the concepts of
cloud computing
Providing college systems maintenance team (professionals and
students) with the experience of dealing with Cloud service
providers and Cloud users
Provides stronger ties between academia and industry
Motivates the Industry to invest in academic computing resources
Academic research will benefit from Campus clouds
Al-Imam University
Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, May 31, 2010 36 36
Conclusions
Cloud computing has emerged to provide inexpensive on-demand pay per use computing resources
Cloud computing is closely related to grid computing and utility computing.
Software Engineering Methodologies and tools are needed for cloud developers (Cloud-based Service-Oriented Engineering)
Security and privacy are the biggest concerns of cloud computing users and developers
Campus Clouds can bring revenue for computing resources, enhance student learning, strengthen ties with Industry, and enhance academic research.
Al-Imam University
Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, May 31, 2010 37 37
وجزاكُم هللاُ خيرا
