Columbia River Redband Trout Oncorhynchus mykiss gairdneri Randall Osborne District 2 Fisheries Biologist Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife March

Columbia River Redband Trout Oncorhynchus mykiss gairdneri

Randall OsborneDistrict 2 Fisheries Biologist

Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife

March 2013

Major Divisions of Rainbow Trout

• Redband

• Interior Columbia River

• Northern Great Basin and Klamath Basin

• Sacramento River Basin (California Golden Trout, Kern and Little Kern Golden Trout, Sacramento Redband Trout)

• Coastal• North America (Alaska to California)• Asia (Kamchatkan Peninsula)


• Redband





http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=klamath+lake+redband&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=y-ruIdj-qh5WKM&tbnid=9GKy8AIpFuFTWM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://www.flyfishusa.com/newsletter/041110/&ei=67NAUbH3IYrOqAGHsoCwDA&psig=AFQjCNHoXxO-3IKcG3jAQJviPEX3H1vZnw&ust=1363218696599632


• Redband



• Sacramento River Basin (California Golden Trout, Little Kern Golden Trout, Sacramento Redband Trout)



• Redband


• Northern Great Basin(Upper Klamath Lake and Desert Basins)



Historical Distribution of Redband Trout

• Redband• Interior Columbia River • Northern Great Basin

• Sacramento River Basin

• Coastal• West of Cascade Range

Redbands

Co

asta

l

http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=sheep+creek+washington&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=PLvwWPuIfp1I9M&tbnid=fHkRs62y7K0t1M:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://northport-washington.olx.com/little-sheep-creek-iid-231600346&ei=vlFFUembAcjyqwGExYD4Ag&psig=AFQjCNFeYEWNmDnd1Yv1QZZ2D6adJXSs1Q&ust=1363583612284928

Redband Trout Biology

• Habitat• High mountain forests to desert streams to

lakes and reservoirs

http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=crab+creek+washington&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=ixVQ8FbpruIi7M&tbnid=7R02mXuQ56lGvM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://www.flickr.com/photos/locked4low/2532030530/&ei=bkpFUfvgF8S0rQHP3oHADw&bvm=bv.43828540,d.aWM&psig=AFQjCNHFlRefpooY07AwbVADDlptvnbXyg&ust=1363581666846715


• Habitat• Cover

• Mix of Substrate Types

http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=sheep+creek+washington&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=PLvwWPuIfp1I9M&tbnid=fHkRs62y7K0t1M:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://northport-washington.olx.com/little-sheep-creek-iid-231600346&ei=vlFFUembAcjyqwGExYD4Ag&psig=AFQjCNFeYEWNmDnd1Yv1QZZ2D6adJXSs1Q&ust=1363583612284928

http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=pocket+water&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=ifbDyigWJqZFjM&tbnid=IO0ptRvBaHt74M:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://www.tenkaraonthefly.net/2011_08_14_archive.html&ei=W1JFUbzHGNDiqAHogYHYCA&psig=AFQjCNH2sefNBfGXyply4gDXAs7WmBMGIw&ust=1363583895095310


• Habitat• Pools and Pocket Water

http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=trout+behind+boulder&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=O8dIQMk6Lj-VgM&tbnid=2zFhcZ4y4zzGTM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://www.southerncouncilfff.org/communications/archives.php&ei=OlRFUb_eJ8aUrgG9xICwDA&psig=AFQjCNHCaw2ZBek2IDOHX546VOS4QrozXw&ust=1363584407945523

http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=big+boulders+in+a+river&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=q6V4FGsqq3YS7M&tbnid=xBK3nHo7tZS9IM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http%3A%2F%2Fpackrafting.blogspot.com%2F2009_06_01_archive.html&ei=9O9IUcDsLYKhigL3xYGoBg&psig=AFQjCNHQ_7W-5I-Sq_fs6ThOy_ru82vmeQ&ust=1363820882152860


• Habitat• Spawning March-June

• Loose Gravels

http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=trout+spawning+redd&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=2PYJArjN3ka2fM&tbnid=eU5s8StGcV1OpM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://www.onlinefishinglog.com/blog/23/Spawning-Trout-and-Redds&ei=CFVFUemrCoHoqAGRsICwDw&psig=AFQjCNE_UxLMcxHCQnxjyDExMtMwC4lQPA&ust=1363584612661450

http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=trout+redds&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=I2IxQpu6YqDqOM&tbnid=n3UvFxU1Ic2FmM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http%3A%2F%2Flornce.wordpress.com%2F2010%2F10%2F08%2Ftime-to-watch-out-for-those-redds%2F&ei=dPFIUdzhAqeViQL_xYCoBQ&psig=AFQjCNHSV2CXoz5mtiKcLfgss-odBgst_A&ust=1363821084114393

http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=trout+redds&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=2PYJArjN3ka2fM&tbnid=V6frC47cijW5RM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.onlinefishinglog.com%2Fblog%2F23%2FSpawning-Trout-and-Redds&ei=r_FIUYOoBaXCigKChYHICQ&psig=AFQjCNHSV2CXoz5mtiKcLfgss-odBgst_A&ust=1363821084114393


• Habitat• Undercut banks

• Riparian cover

http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=undercut+banks+in+a+stream&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=0XPKdQkRCqIZtM&tbnid=03g9xhWmT7y1pM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.circlevalleyanglers.com%2Fblog%2F%3Fp%3D53&ei=bvJIUfvoNuHIiwKm2oDoCw&psig=AFQjCNE9wn9kILkUvamUzgC3MSHE5EE_lA&ust=1363821523783303

http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=undercut+banks+in+a+stream&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=ua97hi10Edr_hM&tbnid=X_2O4v9UT8BgiM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwyoflyfish.blogspot.com%2F&ei=4fJIUdygFOeUiQKLp4GwCA&psig=AFQjCNE9wn9kILkUvamUzgC3MSHE5EE_lA&ust=1363821523783303


• Habitat• Large woody debris

http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=large+woody+debris+in+streams&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=s4IQWA7ep1QLUM&tbnid=cZbqsVLJnZlVdM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http%3A%2F%2Ffishwild.vt.edu%2Fafs%2FAFS_education_fisheries_techniques_visuals_chap_4_add.htm&ei=zkFKUc7ELJGYqAGA64DYBg&bvm=bv.44158598,d.aWM&psig=AFQjCNHMvXOBnh5IWNgIdwj3x9PMfON4jQ&ust=1363907376845944

Redband Trout Life History

• Resident− Entire life in natal tributary stream

http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=stream+resident+redband+trout&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=joN-j9tdKt0AjM&tbnid=RZvqTSDZ-Ap2BM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://www.nativetroutflyfishing.com/columbiabasinredband.htm&ei=xMJAUYDdDcnFqQGkw4CgCw&psig=AFQjCNFeCjYHQTzRRX0dTjhrBUjYGiGfMA&ust=1363285033662686


• Fluvial− Juveniles rear in

tributary, migrate to larger river and reside as adult, return to natal tributary to spawn

Photo courtesy of Jack Mitchell, The Evening Hatch Guide Service.


• Adfluvial− Juveniles rear in tributary, migrate

to lake to reside as adult, return to natal tributary to spawn

Redband Trout Life History• Anadromous

− Juveniles rear in tributary, migrate to ocean as juveniles and reside until adulthood, then migrate

back to natal stream to spawn

Limiting Factors

• Habitat degradation and loss− Siltation from poor land-use practices− Development

“the character of this stream (Little Spokane River) is being materially changed with the advent of civilization”(Gilbert and Evermann 1895)

http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=subdivisions+on+spokane+river&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=eROIYjWQj4hKaM&tbnid=-CnB8I1gbWLY2M:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://www.northidahochad.com/index.php?option=com_iproperty&view=allproperties&Itemid=513&ipquicksearch=1&city=Post+Falls&ei=f_BAUZ3yD4imqgGur4HwDQ&psig=AFQjCNGbI1VeHUMahXJps6-SyajkBLWYQQ&ust=1363296737646203

http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=hangman+creek&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=KsShOap7OJMYFM&tbnid=ng-ZFU8KKlVjRM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://www.spokanecounty.org/WQMP/projects/ASP/BasinTour12.asp&ei=xvBAUdWXIoKNqQGylYGwCw&psig=AFQjCNGAZDQtUDfrwxHC8XdM1XrHlMa_sw&ust=1363296818428635

http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=cattle+in+streams&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=VhYqVi8MWYsLxM&tbnid=ZMoMeWKc4njpVM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://www.buffer.forestry.iastate.edu/Research/Grazing/HTML/erosion.htm&ei=D_JAUZWfLJLkqAG25IHIBg&psig=AFQjCNHP8lczh760QamcISVyoWECsH2CJA&ust=1363297051503108

Limiting Factors

• Passage Barriers− Culverts

− Dams

http://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=long+lake+dam&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=QMgz11L8j7GvUM&tbnid=eAETfPe7vu4jKM:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http://advrider.com/forums/showthread.php?t=207064&page=8&ei=-m46UfDpKsjYywHd0IGwCQ&bvm=bv.43287494,d.aWc&psig=AFQjCNF9xdF7N5o6EUZbNbcdkChSGMr_gQ&ust=1362870310636012

Limiting Factors

• Pollution− Domestic− Recreation− Industrial− Mining

https://fortress.wa.gov/ecy/gsp/SitePageImageHandler.ashx?id=802

Limiting Factors

• Flow and Temperature Changes

http://www.picable.com/Places/Prison/Spokane-River-Flooded.424983

Limiting Factors• Hybridization

• Natural• Hatchery

“Pure populations of gairdneri, uncontaminated by hatchery rainbow trout, are now relatively rare.”

(Behnke 2002)

Limiting Factors

• Predation

• Competition

Limiting Factors

• Harvest

Questions?

Documents

Columbia River Redband Trout Oncorhynchus mykiss gairdneri Randall Osborne District 2 Fisheries Biologist Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife March