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7/29/2019 Comm210_week07
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/comm210week07 1/18
•
and the
use
of
power
play
a part
in
the
– Classic authors: Mintzberg, French + Raven
“Small Giants”
• New critical
thinking
skill:
Causal
claims
• Practice interviewing skills
7/29/2019 Comm210_week07
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/comm210week07 2/18
Ibrahim ‘Non‐award award’ shouldn’t cause despair
The decision by the prize committee of the Mo Ibrahim Foundation not to award the annual prize
for excellence in African leadership is undeniably a disappointment. 11 African leaders were eligible for
consideration, the criteria being that those who have left office in the past 3 years are considered. This
, .
However,
the
committee
felt
unable
to
bestow
the
$5
million
prize
(the
biggest
of
any
award
globally) upon any of the 11. Mo Ibrahim himself said that this did not mean ‘disrespect’ to those deemed not
credible but clearly Kufour and co will find it hard not to feel snubbed. It is hardly a ringing endorsement for
ro ress in African overnance.
I think on reflection though, the non‐award should be viewed as a positive thing. Better to say ‘not
this year folks’ than to give the cash to an inferior candidate. It should also serve as a message to the award’s
critics such
as
President
Museveni and
Kagame that
it
is
not
being
used
as
a tool
to
bribe
African
leaders
out
of office. Clearl the committee are sendin a messa e that is not sim l enou h to leave accordin to a
democratic mandate, you have to govern with high principle too.
A key question yet to be resolved is over what happens to the 2010 award. As it considers leaders
who have left office over the past 3 years it is right to ask what candidates could do to improve their chances
now out of office, or would it be that only those leaving office over the next year could win the prize? There
are forthcoming
elections
in
Botswana,
Cote
D’Ivoire,
Mozambique
and
Togo,
amongst
many
others,
but
of
course in many of these an incumbent will stand and win.
Overall yesterday’s news will strengthen the future of the Ibrahim award. Exceptional leadership
deserves reward but mediocrity should not be celebrated. It is too late for the current occupant of State
House of course, but let’s hope that around the continent leaders have taken notice that more is expected of
them, and fast.
Joe Powell [email protected]
7/29/2019 Comm210_week07
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Causal claims
• Causal ex lanation =
Author’s interpretation
of cause & effect relationships
• Rival causes:
The
same
ev ence can e
consistent with
interpretations
7/29/2019 Comm210_week07
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On average, men earn more
than women, therefore men are
more ambitious or otherwise
There are many tall people in
basketball, therefore
playing
. basketball makes you tall.
• Examine critically causal explanations of
– Differences between
groups
– Association of characteristics
• everse causa on
• Effect of 3rd variable?
– Claims of
ost hoc er o ro ter hoc Rooster s ndrome
Every morning the rooster crows
and then the sun rises, therefore
the rooster causes the sun to rise.
Sleeping with one's shoes on is strongly
correlated with waking up with a headache.
Therefore, sleeping with one's shoes on
causes headache.
7/29/2019 Comm210_week07
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Fast food and obesity
Lawyers have
begun
filing
cases
against
fast
food
chains
like McDonald’s and Wendy’s, arguing that the rise in
o e s y an suc seases as a e es s rec y n e o
fast food consumption. Studies show that the increase in
the bod
mass
of
North
Americans
coincides
with
a
proliferation of fast food restaurants. Montreal Gazette, 2003
assumption? Can you think of an alternative explanation? What type o riva cause is it
7/29/2019 Comm210_week07
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Criti uin
causal claims
Golfing
Take up
a sport,
Oxygen
magazine
advises
its
readers.
“Each has its own unique health benefits. For example, a
recen we s s u y oun a go ers ve a ou ve
years longer than the rest of the population.” Globe & Mail, 2008
What is the causal claim? Can you think of an alternative explanation? What type of rival cause is it?
7/29/2019 Comm210_week07
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/comm210week07 7/18
SMALL GIANTS
7/29/2019 Comm210_week07
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Causal claims in “Small Giants”
• In Burlingham’s view, what was the key causal factor
‐
• “The market pressure to grow… is the most [for] entrepreneurs who happen to be men” (p 37). What
might
be
a causal
explanation
for
this
gender
difference?
• What caused Danny Meyer to expand beyond Union
Square Café
(p 19
‐20)?
Provide
a rival
causal
explanation. What type of rival explanation is it?
7/29/2019 Comm210_week07
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7/29/2019 Comm210_week07
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As a member of a student group you are in charge of organizing an importantevent. How would you motivate your team of fellow students to get the job done?
1. Share my experience & special skills2. Tell them that they have commitments to meet3. Givethemtou h undesirable obstod
1 2 3 4 51 2 3 4 51 2 3 4 5
4. Make them feel like I approve of them5. Make them feel important
1 2 3 4 51 2 3 4 5
6. Give them a good peer evaluation7. Provide good technical suggestions
8. Make them recognize they have tasks to accomplish
1 2 3 4 51 2 3 4 5
1 2 3 4 59. Provide them with special benefits10. Make things unpleasant for them
1 2 3 4 5
. n uence er ge ng a pay ncrease12. Make them feel they have commitments to meet13. Make the work difficult for them
-
1 2 3 4 51 2 3 4 5
.15. Make them feel personally accepted
1 2 3 4 5
7/29/2019 Comm210_week07
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Types of Power: French & Raven
1. Share my experience & special skills.
3. Give them tough, undesirable jobs to do4. Make them feel like I approve of them.
6. Give them a good peer evaluation
7. Provide good technical suggestions.
9. Provide them with special benefits10. Make things unpleasant for them
. n uence er e n a pa ncrease12. Make them feel they have commitments to meet13. Make the work difficult for them
. rov e em w goo as -reae a v ce
15. Make them feel personally accepted
7/29/2019 Comm210_week07
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Henry Mintzberg
“Business Guru”
of Canadian origin
The practices of managers
7/29/2019 Comm210_week07
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/comm210week07 13/18
Mintzberg – The manager’s job:
•
– Managers plan,
organize,
coordinate
&
control
• REALITIES:
– Interpersonal roles
• Figurehead,
Leader,
Liaison
– Informational roles
• Monitor, Disseminator, Spokesperson
–
• Entrepreneur, Disturbance‐handler,
Resource‐allocator, Negotiator
7/29/2019 Comm210_week07
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1. Fi urehead
• Think back to a job you have
2. Leader
3. Liaison
.
boss enact
most
frequently?
4. Monitor
5. Disseminator
6. Spokesperson
7. Entrepreneur
.‐
9. Resource‐allocator
10. Ne otiator
7/29/2019 Comm210_week07
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1. Fi urehead
1. Reward power
2. Leader
3. Liaison
. oerc ve power
3. Expert power
4. Monitor
5. Disseminator
.
5. Referent power
• Fritz Maytag,
Anchor
Brewing
(pg
1‐5)?
6. Spokesperson
7. Entrepreneur
• Norm Brodsky, CitiStorage (pg 12‐16)?
• Bill Butler, Butler Inc (pg 37‐40)?
• ’
.‐
9. Resource‐allocator
10. Ne otiator
,
41‐45)
7/29/2019 Comm210_week07
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Some tips on Question Writing:
• Write a short
questionnaire
• Use simple words
• Relax our rammar
• Assure a common understanding
• Start with interesting questions
• Don't write
leading
questions
• Balance rating scales
• Don't make the list of choices too long
• Avoid difficult concepts
• Avoid difficult
recall
questions
• Put your questions in a logical order
• Pre‐test your survey
•
7/29/2019 Comm210_week07
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[DATE]
I am [NAME], a student in an introductory business course at the John Molson School of
Business
at
Concordia
University.
As
part
of
the
course
requirements,
my
team
members and I are writing a term paper on [TOPIC]. The intent of the project is to help
new business students to learn about contem orar business issues here in Montreal.
We hope you will agree to answer a few questions about your experiences related to
this topic. Participation is completely voluntary and the interview will take no longer
than
10‐
15
minutes.
Your
answers
will
be
strictly
confidential—your
name
will
not
appear in
our
report
without
your
explicit
consent—so
please
feel
free
to
tell
us
your
honest opinions.
I greatly appreciate your help with our school project. If at any time you have
questions about your rights as a research participant, you may contact the Course
Coordinator, Dr. Linda Dyer, at (514) 848‐2424 extension 2936.
Yours sincerely,
[FULL NAMES AND SIGNATURES OF ALL TEAM MEMBERS]
7/29/2019 Comm210_week07
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• ,
cares? Why
do/should
they
care?
community
– ur ng am, c apters ‐
– Kaplan and Norton on measurement
– Final critical
thinking
skill:
Techniques
of
persuasion