Computer HardwareSources: Discovering ComputersInformation & Software technology

CPU – The Processor also called Central Processing Unit (CPU) interprets and carries out the basic instructions that operate a computer.

A Multi Core Processor is a single chip with two or more processor cores – the most common types are Dual-core processors (this contains two separate processor cores) and Quad-core processor (a chip with four or more separate processor cores).

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Computer Components

RAM & ROM RAM – Random Access Memory is also referred to as

the main memory. When you start your computer certain OS files are loaded into RAM from the hard disk. These files remain in RAM as long as the computer is on. The larger the RAM the more application you can have open at once.

ROM – Read Only Memory – this is a type of non volatile memory that is used to permanent store data and instructions. Therefore its contents are not lost when power is removed from the computer.

Memory Types Primary – this refers to what you

computer has in relation to RAM capacity. It is in built.

Secondary – refers to using external devices such as external hard drives to assist with backups, or DVDs, Flash drives, Thumbdrives etc.

Flash Memory Flash Memory – is also a type of non-volatile

memory that can be erased electronically and re-written. Most computers use Flash memory to hold their start up instructions because it allows the computer to easily up date its contents.

Example – when we change from standard time to day light savings time, the contents of the flash memory chip, change to reflect the new time.

Hard Disk Drive Hard Disk Drive / Hard Disk – this is a

storage device that stores data, instructions and information. Current personal computer hard disk have storage capacities from 160GB to 2 TB and more.

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Storage Devices There are many types of storage devices.

They can include the following types: Cloud Storage (online) Optical Disks – CD and DVDs Magnet Strip Cards and Smart Cards.What do you use at school and home?

Data Warehouses A large business can have hundreds or

thousands of employees in offices across the country or around the world. These businesses use computers and networks to manage and store huge volumes of data and information.

In order to meet their demands these large businesses use special hardware geared for heavy use, such as Data Warehouses (please refer to exam prep slideshow).