Dave Graczyk SessionC 083109

8/3/2019 Dave Graczyk SessionC 083109

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Clean Rivers Clean Lake VI

August 31, 2009

Real-Time Water QualityMonitoring: Turning Data into

Information

By David J. Graczyk


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Purpose

Use in-stream sensor measurements to

estimate real time concentrations.

In-stream measurements: Dissolved Oxygen Water Temperature

Specific Conductance

Turbidity


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Purpose

Link laboratory-analyzed samples with in-

stream continuous-sensor measurements.

Chloride Total Phosphorus

Suspended Solids

Fecal Coliform

E. coli


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Purpose

Develop statistical relations to estimate

concentrations under different seasonal,

temporal, and flow conditions.


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Approach

Six sites in the Menomonee River

Watershed


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Little Menomonee River at Donges Bay Road

Drainage Area = 8 square miles


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Menomonee River at Menomonee Falls

Drainage Area= 34.7 square miles


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Underwood Creek at Wauwatosa

Drainage Area = 18.2 square miles


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Honey Creek at Wauwatosa

Drainage Area = 10.3 square miles


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Menomonee River at Wauwatosa



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Menomonee River at 16th and Canal Streets



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Data

MMSD SCADA System

USGS ServerMMSD H2O INFO

http://v3.mmsd.com/H2OInfo

National Water Information System (NWIS)

USGS National Real-Time Water Quality (NRTWQ)

http://waterwatch.usgs.gov/wqwatch/USGS WEB Page

http://wi.water.usgs.gov

MMSD OPS


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Data Collection Streamflow


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USGS 04087120 MENOMONEE RIVER AT WAUWATOSA, WI

PROVISIONAL DATA SUBJECT TO REVISION

LOCATION.--Lat 4302'44", long 8759'59", in NE 1/4 NW 1/4 sec.27,T.7 N., R.21 E., Milwaukee County, Hydrologic Unit 04040003, on left

bank near upstream side of 70th Street bridge in Wauwatosa, 800 ftdownstream from Honey Creek, and at mile 6.2.DRAINAGE AREA.--123 square miles.PERIOD OF RECORD.--October 1961 to present.

GAGE.--Water-stage recorder and crest-stage gage. Datum of gage is

628.86 ft above sea level. Prior to Nov. 1, 1974, nonrecording gage atpresent site and datum then in use. Prior to June 21, 1997 at 0320,

datum was 2.00 ft higher.

REMARKS.--Gage-height telemeter at station.OPERATED IN COOPERATION WITH:

Milwaukee Metropolitan Sewerage District

SEWRPC

Additional Information:

National Weather Service Flood Forecast Page

Available data for thissite

http://waterdata.usgs.gov/wi/nwis/


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Data Collection

Real Time Sensors


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Water Temperature


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Dissolved Oxygen


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Turbidity


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Data Collection

Automatic Samplers


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Automatic Samplers

Suspended Solids

Chloride

Total Phosphorus Bacteria

Fecal Coliform

E. Coli


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Menomonee River at Wauwatosa, 70th Street

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6/7/090:00

6/7/0912:00

6/8/090:00

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6/10/090:00

6/10/0912:00

6/11/090:00

6/11/0912:00

GageHeig

ht,inFeet

GH

Sample Collected

Sample Analyzed


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Menomonee River at Wauwatosa

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Date

WaterTemp

eratureinoCand

Dissolved

Oxygeninmg/l

0

200

400

600

800

1000

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SpecificC

onductancein

u

s/cm

2and

TurbidityinNTU

Water Temperature

Dissolved Oxygen


Turbidity


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Real Time Regressions

Concentration data from water quality

samples (response variables) and in-

stream sondes (explanatory variables) are

being used to develop regressions.

Regressions are being used to estimate

concentrations of TSS, CL, TP, Fecal

Coliform and E. coli.


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Model Form: Chloride

log10(Cl) = - 1.7041 + 0.808 log10(Q) + 1.2541 log10(SC)

where:

y Cl is computed Chloride, in milligrams per liter

y Q is Instantaneous stream discharge, in ft3/s

y SC is specific conductance, in uS/cm 25 degC

Model Calibration

Basic Data

Number of measurements: 71

Multiple R2: 0.96


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2/5/2009 2/7/2009 2/9/2009 2/11/2009

Date

ChlorideConcentration,inmg/l

`Acute Criteria, 757 mg/l

Chronic Criteria, 395 mg/l

95% confidence interval

Predicted concentration

Observed concentration

n=71


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0

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800

1200

1600

2000

2400

11/1/2008 12/16/2008 1/30/2009 3/16/2009 4/30/2009 6/14/2009PredictedChlorideConcentration,

inmg/l

Acute Criteria, 757 mg/l

Chronic Criteria, 395 mg/l




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Model Form: Fecal Coliform

log10(FC) = - 0.1765 + 0.0359 (WT) + 0.9625 log10(Q)

where:

y FC is computed fecal coliform, in colonies per 100 ml

y WT is water temperature, in degC

y Q is Instantaneous stream discharge, in ft3/s

Model Calibration

Basic Data


Multiple R2: 0.61


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1000

10000

100000

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Date

FecalColiform,in

coloniesper10

m

l

Primary Contact Criterion, 200 colonies per 100ml

95 % confidence interval




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1000

10000

100000

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Date

PredictedFecal

Coliform

incoloniespe

100ml



Primary Contact Criterion, 200 colonies per 100ml


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Model Form: E. coli

log10(EC) = 1.7545 + 0.0425 (WT) + 0.6171 log10(Turb)

where:

y EC is computed E. coli, in MPN per 100 ml

y WT is water temperature, in degC

y Turb is turbidity, in NTU

Model Calibration

Basic Data


Multiple R2: 0.50


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100000

2/5/2009 2/7/2009 2/9/2009 2/11/2009

Date

E.coli,MPNper100ml

Primary Criterion, 235 CFU per 100 ml

95% confidence interval




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1000

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100000

11/1/2008 12/31/2008 3/1/2009 4/30/2009

Date

PredictedE.coli,inMPNper

100ml



Primary Criterion, 235 CFU per 100 ml


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Where do we go from here?

Install equipment at the sixth site.

Refine regression equations.

Populate NRTWQ web page.


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Acknowledgments

MMSD Staff

USGS Staff


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Questions?

[email protected]

608-821-3840

Documents

Dave Graczyk SessionC 083109