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8/18/2019 Daylight Design From the Architects Perspective
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Daylight Design
from the Architect's Perspective
Dr. Axel Jacobs London Metropolitan University
Joint meeting C!"# Daylight $ro%pC!"# !%ilding "im%lation $ro%p
&
st
December (&(
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Structure
&. Daylighting ) design vs verification
. *he design process
+. *ools available
,. #d%cate or prescribe-
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Le Corbusier
Architect%re is themasterly/ correct/ andmagnificent play of
vol%mes bro%ght togetherin light.
*he history ofarchitect%re is the history
of the str%ggle for light.0
Le Corb%sier
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Design vs Verification
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Building Design
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Design Challenge
Many engineering tas1s 2ithin the b%ildingdesign process can 2ait %ntil a relatively latestage 3elec/ 45AC/ fire/ lighting6
Daylighting m%st be considered from the veryonset.
7ne ho%r of yo%r time right at the beginning canma1e all the difference bet2een good and baddaylighting.
8ixing poor daylighting at a late stage is notpossible.
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Design Team
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Non-linear Requirements...
... architect%ral modeling/ partic%larly at the earlystages of design/ represents one of the mostdiffic%lt challenges for the interactive graphicssoft2are ind%stry. C%rrently/ available
architect%ral design soft2are is diffic%lt to %se atthe preliminary design phase. ... 9hat is neededis a :bac1;of;the;envelope< environment/ 2ith theability to s1etch/ doodle/ and erase/ to proceed inan iterative/ non;linear fashion/ and to performthese operations in a f%ll three;dimensionaldomain.0
D.P. $reenberg= Architect%ral Design/ *echnology for ed%cation (((
http://www.cs.cornell.edu/Tech2000/design1.htmhttp://www.cs.cornell.edu/Tech2000/design1.htm
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But Linear Solutions
ntegrated/ iterativedesign process re>%iresappropriate soft2aretools
?es/ there are formatss%ch as gb@ML/ b%t inreality=
Comp%ter idedDesign Dra2ing
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Research
"imon 8raser University/ !%rnaby/ Canada=
Sketch-Based Architectural Design System
... o%r proposedframe2or1 disting%ishesitself from existingsystems 2ith its simplicityand close conformation tothe design habits ofarchitects.0
?% and hang/ ((B
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!ore Research
M* Daylighting Lab=
*he Lightsolve proect see1sto develop ne2 approachesin daylight sim%lation and fillsome critical gaps fo%nd inthe tools available no2adaysto architects. "pecificallyaimed at the early stages of a
b%ilding design/ it 2ill helpdevelop a form based on bothaesthetical and technicalindications of the desiredperformance.0
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!eans to an "nd
Calc%lations are not an end in themselves. *heirp%rpose is to help the designer to choosebet2een alternatives or to chec1 2hether a
partic%lar sol%tion meets a criterion. *hey are asmall part of the 2hole design process ) and aidto creativity in lighting/ not s%bstit%te.0
*regena E Loe= The design of lighting / &FFG
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Design Tools
All compliance criteria are also design tools=
5ertical "1y Component/ 5"C
Average D8
"%npath diagrams
"%nlight Availability
Hoom depth Io;s1y line
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Vertical S#$ Com%onent
#arly design stage= 4o2 m%ch nat%ral light isavailable at the 2indo2-
*raditionally= Diagram
H%le of th%mb= K;r%le
Comp%ter=
&(/((( lx overcast s1y
#xternal vertical ill%minance
7bstr%ctions and gro%nd are blac1
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verage D&
Level of daylight in a room
*raditionally=!H# form%la
Comp%ter=f%ll;blo2n sim%lation
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Sun%ath Diagrams
"imple solar geometry
%ic1 assessment of shading re>%irements
*raditionally= Diagrams
Comp%ter= Hendering2ith overlay
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'robable Sunlight (ours
Climate;based metric/based on historic2eather data
Assess s%nlight as anamenity
*raditionally= Diagram2ith dot;overlay
Comp%ter= Henderfisheye vie2/ co%ntdots
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)la*ing rea
Different r%les of th%mb=
$laing;to;2all ratio
$laing;to;facade ratio
$laing;to;floor ratio
e.g. $P$,=
&th of total room area
Dead;easy for a comp%terto s%m %p
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Room De%th
Daylight from 2indo2s only possible in the perimeterone of the b%ilding
!H# room depth criterion=
H%le of th%mb=
9ho needs a comp%ter for this-
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Design Tool Requirements
"imple/ int%itive interface
*2o modes=
Calc%lation
H%les of th%mb/ simple calcs
nstant feedbac1= *raffic lights/ ga%ges
"im%lation
More acc%rate res%lts
$raphs/ n%mbers
#xport model to CAD/ f%ll sim%lation pac1ages
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+,-Solutions
9e need simple tools that help 2ith theinteractive design of good b%ildings for FN ofcases
C%rrent soft2are tools are designed to sit at thevery end of the design process/ only allo2ingfor verification of the design
*he gap bet2een architect%ral design andengineering sol%tions needs to be narro2ed/not 2idened.
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"ducational vs 'rescri%tive %%roach
#d%cate
Haise a2areness
#nco%rage gooddaylighting
"ho2 ho2 it's done Provide the tools
Prescribe
#nforce thro%ghb%ilding regs
*ic1;box approach to
compliance M%st;do/ li1e paying
taxes
Daylighting
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illiam illett vs Der /aiser
S
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Summer Time
9illiam 9illett &F(B pamphlet
*he 9aste of Daylight0
Parliamentary select committee in&F(F= Daylight "avings !ill
M%ch lobbying/ ed%cating
!ill passed in &F&O="%mmer *ime Act
aiser 9ilhelm &F&O= 9hat/ 2e'll save ho2 many
tonnes of C7 2ith this- Jollygood idea. hereby decree...0 Q
Q Probably not his act%al 2ords.
' t ( ill tt1
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'rost0 (err illett1
CC by;nc;nd
diamond geeer
' t L 2 4
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'art L 2no34
' t L 2 54
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'art L 2soon54
C li Ch i
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Com%liance Chasing
"d ti "d ti "d ti
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"ducation0 "ducation0 "ducation
Lighting Designers
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Lighting Designers
9e s%spect that architects had forgotten abo%tdaylight design. *he 2indo2s are decorationsRthere 2as no connection made bet2een daylightperformance and the elevation design. ... 4aving2or1ed 2ith a variety of different architects/ thisfoc%s on nat%ral light has strengthened o%r beliefthat it is an art becoming lost to architects. n fact/it seems that many architect%re co%rses don'tteach daylight as an element of their c%rric%l%manymore/ so it's no s%rprise that the s1ill is slo2lydisappearing.0
"tammers and L%pton in Lighting / Dec (&(
3areness 3areness 3areness
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3areness0 3areness0 3areness
*each daylighting on every co%rse ofarchitect%re and b%ilding;related engineering
Architect do not have to become daylighting
specialists/ b%t need to be a2are of the criticalimportance of daylight
Contemplations on daylighting sho%ld becomeintegral part of the creative design process/
right after 3or d%ring6 the scribble;on;a;nap1instage.
"ncouraging "6am%le
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"ncouraging "6am%le
!artlett "1y "im%lator Dome
7ther 8ncentives
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7ther 8ncentives
(ave $ou achieved ,5
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(ave $ou achieved ,5
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*han1 ?o%