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Engineering Grand Challenges
• Energy Sustainability in a Carbon Constrained World– Make solar energy economical– Develop carbon sequestration methods
• Engineering and Manufacturing Tools for Biomedical Discovery and Innovation– Engineer better medicines– Engineering the tools of scientific discovery
• Assessment and Management of Decaying Urban Infrastructure– Restore and improve urban infrastructure
Missing Grand Challenge
• Diversification of the Engineering Workforce
• Why is diversity important?– Diversity Drives Innovation• No longer a “feel good” initiative
– Read “The Difference” by Scott Page• Identity diversity Cognitive diversity
– Global Workforce Competitiveness• Tap into under-represented groups
Census Data
2000 2010 2020 2030 2040 20500.0
10.0
20.0
30.0
40.0
50.0
60.0
70.0
80.0
BlackAsianOtherHispanicWhite
Year
Perc
enta
ge P
opul
ation
College Aspirations by Race
• 10th Graders(Source : National Education Longitudinal Study 1988 & 2003)
78%70%
58%
88%
47%1990
73%
81%
61%
WhiteBlack HispanicAsian
2003
Crossing the Finish LineWilliam Bowen, President Emeritus Princeton
White Male
Black Male Hispanic Male
Asian Male White Female
Black Female
Hispanic Female
Asian Female
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
Percentage of Graduates in Eng, Math, Phys Sci
Crossing the Finish Line
White Male
Black Male Hispanic Male
Asian Male White Female
Black Female
Hispanic Female
Asian Female
50
55
60
65
70
75
80
85
90
Six Year Graduation Rate
Crossing the Finish Line
Highly Selective Flagship Urban Regional0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
Four Year Graduation Rate (Percentage)Six Year Graduation Rate (Percentage)
Role of Flagships and HSI’s
• Flagships– Morrill Land-Grant Act history– Meet the needs of predominant industry - agriculture– Uncommon education for the common man– Chartered when 10% of population graduated high
school– Transformed to current mode (research, highly
selective) by• Vannevar Bush – Science, the Endless Frontier - NSF• National Defense Education Act, Higher Education Act
Role of Flagships and HSI’s
• Hispanic Serving Institutions– Regional universities serving urban center– HSI by nature of regional demographics– Often driven by local market needs– Transitioning from teaching focus to research
intensive– Struggle between access and excellence (research)
UTEP
78 80 82 84 86 88 90 92 94 96 98 00 02 04 060
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80 73.56%
10.54%
HispanicWhite
Perc
enta
ge %
UTEP
• Key Initiatives– Access and Excellence• University vision from top to bottom• Scholarships and Financial Aid
– El Paso Collaborative for Academic Excellence• Closed loop of educational attainment
– Circles of Learning for Entering Students• Learning communities
– Engineering Ambassadors• Engineering students in middle and high schools
– Percentage of Hispanic Faculty
Diversificationof Engineering Workforce
• Requires collaboration between flagships and HSI’s (and everything in between)– Increase number of Hispanic graduate students and
faculty– Research collaborations in areas of interest to
students, world– Pipeline development from middle school to
community college– Involvement of industry
