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Air Vehicle TechnologiesDefinition
DevelopmentDemonstration
Al WinnVP A h P
Demonstration
VP, Apache ProgramsThe Boeing Company
1/11/2010
BOEING is a trademark of Boeing Management Company.Copyright © 2008 Boeing. All rights reserved.
AUSA Aviation Symposium – 7 January 2010
Requirements Analysis Process
Customer’sOperational Environment
Joint CapabilitiesIntegration
andJ i t
CJCSIUnited States Army
and Development System
(JCIDS)Joint
Vision
Army Vision
THE WAY AHEADRELEVANT…
READY
I Operational to DesignCapstoneConcept
FutureOperationalCapabilities
NSI
AMSCapabilities
Customer’s
GHTS Requirements
AMS(Studies &Analysis)
1/11/2010
Customer sOperational Concepts
S RequirementsDecompositionAnalysis, Modeling
& Simulation * ISO 2001 Approved“Develop Product Concept and Analysis”* ISO 2001 Approved“Develop Product Concept and Analysis”
Requirement Hierarchy
Force OPERATIONAL TRANSITION DESIGN
TechnologyTechnologyProducts:(Example)
LevelRequirements System
Level(Example)Force Level Req’t Document
Products:(Example)System Level R ’t D t
Functional Level
Requirements Subsystem
Requirements
Products:(Example)Air Vehicle StructuralDesign CriteriaH20000 Specification Products:
(E l )
Req’t Documenty
LevelRequirements
Assembly Level
(Example)“Subsystem”Specification
“
Products:(Example)Ass’y” Interface
Requirements ComponentLevel
Requirements
1/11/2010
Req’ts documentProducts:(Example) ComponentDesign Req’ts
Analytical Vehicle(s) Definition
Trade St di
OpThreat
A l
Candidate System
Description
Control/Feedback
Operational Environment
ScenarioDefinition Competitive
Studies
perational Con es
s Tr
ades
AnalysesGeopolitical Analyses
National Defense
Strategies
Description
Cont
Lessons Learned
Joint Concepts
Operational Concept
Development ConfigurationO ti i ti
CompetitiveAssessments
ncept Analysis on
Effe
ctiv
ene System
Opti
Trade Prioritization
rol/Feedback
Co ceptsMilitary Service
O&O Trade Parameters
Optimization
Concept Demonstrations
s
Mis
si
imization
Initial Operational
Concept
Required Capabilities OperationalInitial
C bilitiTechnology Technology
R ’ /MOETechnology C did
1/11/2010
& MOE
Concept & Requirements
System Description
Capabilities Enablers Req’ts/MOE Candidates
Capability Analysis
Analytical Vehicle Definition
Vehicle definition is defined by:1) Requirements flowdown2) Technology capability3) Affordability) y
Requirements and technology define the subsystem / component capabilit S bs stem / componentcomponent capability. Subsystem / component capabilities define the air vehicle capabilities, while CAIV (Cost As an Independent Variable) determines executability
1/11/2010
Next Platform Problem Statement
Assumption – should be a step-function improvement i i l bili d ff iin operational capability and effectiveness
The size of the step dictates the configuration whichThe size of the step dictates the configuration, which drives the technology. Technology can be an enabler or inhibitor
We need to be developing the enabling technologies NOW to meet a 2025 capability
1/11/2010
Impact of Speed on Configuration / Technologygy
Altitude (ft)50 000
RISK
40,000
50,000
Lift FanLift Fan
Stopped RotorStopped Rotor
30,000Tilt RotorTilt Rotor
Tilt WingTilt Wing
Folding Tilt RotorFolding Tilt Rotor
20,000 CompoundCompound
Tilt RotorTilt Rotor
10,000 HelicopterHelicopter
1/11/2010
0
Airspeed (KTAS)
1000 200 300 400 500 600
Rotorcraft Tech Development – Smart Rotor(SMART - Smart Material Actuated Rotor Technology)
Program Description/ObjectivesForward flight testing of Smart Rotor Technology i th A 40 80ft i d t l (WT)in the Ames 40x80ft wind tunnel (WT)Demonstrate active blade morphing technology, using trailing edge flaps with on-blade, solid state piezoelectric actuationDemonstrate impact on acoustics; establish
lid ti d t b f ti di ti t l
Actuator
Flap
validation database for acoustic prediction toolsQuantify benefits with goal of 80% vibration & 10dB noise reduction
Blade
Programmatics/ProductsUse the active flap rotor system developed earlier with DARPA, Boeing, NASA, Army funds Smart Rotor Whirl
Wind Tunnel Tests
Flightearlier with DARPA, Boeing, NASA, Army fundsConduct extended smart rotor WT test open and closed loop Provide Rotor system qualified for forward flight testsProvide Database for design of ultra-quiet
Test DemoFlight Tests
1/11/2010
Provide Database for design of ultra-quiet rotorcraftProvide Database for design of JMR size system
Active Flow Control (AFC)
Overall objectivesTo improve the high-lift performance of a helicopter rotor blade in high-speed forward and mane er flight
Candidate US Army/NASA rotor hubs
and maneuver flightTo demonstrate the ability to alleviate shock wave high-speed impulsive (HSI) noise
Technology Approach:These objectives are met through the use ofThese objectives are met through the use of on-blade active flow control (AFC) using an array of oscillatory “zero-net-mass jets”
Demonstrate the aerodynamic performanceProgrammatics/Approach:
Demonstrate the aerodynamic performance benefits of Active Flow Control (AFC) for a two-bladed small-scale active rotor (SSAR) for conditions representative of high-speed forward flightDemonstrate that on-blade active flow controlDemonstrate that on blade active flow control results in:
an increase in maximum rotor thrust capability, anda reduction in rotor power without adverse effects
SOW tasksDesign fabricate and test a two-bladed small scale
blade leading edgeblade root
Candidate blade design
1/11/2010
Design, fabricate and test a two-bladed, small scale active rotor with oscillatory jet actuatorsDevelop the analysis capability to predict the benefits of AFC for a rotor blade
Prototype blade spar
Future Advanced Rotorcraft Drive System (FARDS)(FARDS)
FARDS G lFARDS G l• 55% Power Density (shp/wt)• 35% O&S Costs Reductions• 35% Production Costs Reductions
18 dB N i R d ti
FARDS GoalsFARDS Goals
• 18 dB Noise Reductions• 90% Automatic Detection of Critical
Component Failures
1/11/2010
Layered Survivability
“Fight as a team” “Reduce threat DON’T BE ENCOUNTERED
Sit tig
reaction time, buy time and space”
Tactics,Signature Reduction Visual, Acoustic, Thermal, Radar
DON’T BE SEEN
DON’T BE HIT
C3I InfoRFI
SituationAwarenessSensors/Data
Survivability Awareness
“Use counter measures to defeatadvanced technologysensors”
Countermeasures
Early WarningSensors/ CMs
Ballistic Protection/Armor, NBC SystemsPassive Armor
Mine Detection
Structure
DON’T BE PENETRATEDPreemptive Atk Defensive Armament Chaff
Flares
Sealability/Deconsensors” Structure
TransparentArmor
NOSPALLR
Compartmentalization
DON’T BE KILLED
Blowout PanelsNuc/DEW/E3
Hardening
“When all else failsprovide basic ballistic
“Be able to returnto base”
NOSPALLR
AutomaticFire Suppression
Anti-fratricide
NBCCS
NBC/ECU
Fire Prevention
1/11/2010
pprotection”
The Ability to Bring Them Home
Embedded Sensor Structures
Composite Vertical Stabilizer
AH-64 Apache
• Army Technology Objective – Manufacturing (ATO-M) Projectp
• Context: Fuselage modernization• Objective: Manufacture a prototype Composite
Vertical Stabilizer (CVS) for the AH-64 Apache helicopter with an embedded sensor network
Flexible Sensor Sheets
• Intended Results: Reduced weight, Structural Usage Monitoring (Strain & Vibration Loads) and Ballistic Damage Detection
Prototype CVS Sensor Coverage
Damage detection via breaks in conductivity Determine location of damageC l
1/11/2010
Cover a large area
Rotorcraft Onboard Vibration and Usage Monitoring (HUMS/SUMS)Monitoring (HUMS/SUMS)
Automatic Rotor Track and Balance function to minimize the need for dedicated maintenance Advanced diagnostic
Advanced Rotor
Smoothing / Diagnostics
TransmissionTail RotorGearbox Intermediate
Gearbox
Engines
capability for rotorcraft onboard vibration and monitoring
Diagnostics
Rotor / Rotor Head Airframe
Imbedded Airframe Structure SensorsStructural usage monitoring
Hanger Bearings
Rotor HeadStructure
algorithms and tracking system that will allow determination of life limits based on usage monitoring
MSPUTracker
1/11/2010
based on usage monitoring data
Subsystem Technologies
Light weight / transparent armor systemsAdvanced Vehicle Management Systems (AVMS)
Advanced Control algorithms– Advanced Control algorithms – Carefree maneuvering / envelope exploitation– Electrical/Mechanical actuationAdvanced Crew Systems
– Advanced Displays (Heads Up and Heads Down)– Enhanced and Synthetic VisionEnhanced and Synthetic Vision– Distributed Aperture Sensor SystemsEnvironmentally Green Manufacturing
Chromium free paint primer systems
1/11/2010
– Chromium-free paint primer systems– Lead-free avionic subsystem components