Detailed Syllabus of Sixth Semester B.Tech Civil Engineering

ME 301T PRINCIPLES OF MANAGEMENT

Module 1 (10 Hours) Introduction to management theory – management – defined characteristics of management – management as an art – profession – Systems approaches to management – task and responsibilities of a professional manager – levels of managers and skill required. Module 2 (10 Hours) Mission – objectives – goals – strategy – policies – programmes – procedures. Decision making process/phases – decision making under certainty, risk, uncertainty – models of decision making – econologic model, bounded rationality model, implicit favorite model. Module 3 (10 Hours) Management – process – planning – types – characteristics – approaches – benefits – organising – principles of organisation – organisation structures – directions – delegation – span of control-leadership – motivation – controlling. Module 4 (9 Hours) Introduction to functional areas of management – operations management – human resources management – marketing management – financial management.

Text Book:

Koontz and Weihrich, "Management”, 9th edition, McGraw Hill (1999)

Reference Books:

1. Stoner et-al, “Management”, 6th edition, Printice Hall (1999) 2. Mazda, “Engineering Management”, Addison Westey (1999) 3. Certo. S. , “Modern Management”, 8th edition, Printice Hall (2003)

CE 326T - STRUCTURAL DESIGN - II 3 1 0 3 Limit State Design of Concrete Structures 1. Limit State Design Concepts

Characteristic Strength – Characteristic Loads – Design values – Partial Safety factors – Limit state of collapse – limit state of serviceability – other limit states.

2. Limit State of Serviceability Deflection – Cracking 3. Limit State of Collapse : Flexure

Limit state of Collapse for flexure as per IS – Assumptions – Moment capacity of rectangular sections. Singly and doubly reinforced sections - Design Tables and charts – Critical sections for bending in important structural elements such as slabs, beams, retaining walls, footings etc. A design project for the Design and Detailing of a floor slab system and staircase of a residence (load bearing masonry walls) is envisaged at this stage. Serviceability limit state also to be included.

4. Limit State of Collapse : Shear

Nominal shear stress- design shear strength of concrete – design of shear reinforcement - Enhanced shear strength of sections close to supports . Shear design tables and charts Critical sections for shear in important structural elements such as slabs, beams, retaining walls, footings etc. A design project for the Design and detailing the beams of a framed system is envisaged at this stage.

5. Limit State of Collapse : Compression Assumptions – minimum eccentricity – short columns – compression members with helical reinforcement – Combined axial loads and uniaxial bending – Slender compression members – design charts

A design project for the Design and Detailing the Columns of a framed system and Isolated & Combined footings is envisaged at this stage.

6. Limit State of Collapse : Torsion General – Critical section – Shear and torsion –Equivalent shear – Reinforcement for torsion – equivalent longitudinal moment. A design project for the Design and Detailing of a water tank with curved beams is envisaged at this stage

Reference books 1. Menon D. & Pillai S.U., Reinforced Concrete Design, Tata McGraw Hill 2. Varghese P.C., Limit State Design of Reinforced Concrete, PHI 3. Mallick S.K. & Gupta A.P., Reinforced Concrete, Oxford & IBH Publishing Co. 4. Punmia B.C., Reinforced Concrete Structures Vol. I & II, Laxmi Publications 5. Jain & Jaikrishna, Plain & Reinforced Concrete Vol. I & II, Nem Chand 6. Sinha S.N., Reinforced Concrete Design, Tata McGraw Hill 7. Ram Chandra, Design of Steel Structures Vol. II, Standard Book House 8. Negi L.S., Design of Steel Structures, Tata McGraw Hill

CE 346T GEOTECHNICAL ENGINEERING II 3 1 0 3

Module I (10 hours) 1. Earth pressure: earth pressure at rest - active and passive earth pressure for cohesionless and cohesive soils - Coulomb’s and Rankine’s theories - point of application of earth pressure for cases of with and without surcharge in cohesionless and cohesive soils - Culmann’s and Rebhan’s graphical construction for active earth pressure 2. Site investigation and soil exploration: objectives - planning - reconnaissance - methods of subsurface exploration - test pits - Auger borings - rotary drilling - depth of boring - boring log - soil profile- location of water table - S.P.T. - field vane shear test - geophysical methods (in brief) - sampling - disturbed and undisturbed samples - hand cut samples - Osterberg piston sampler Module II (9 hours) 3. Bearing capacity: ultimate and allowable bearing capacity - Terzaghi’s equation for bearing capacity for continuous - circular and square footings - bearing capacity factors and charts - Skempton’s formulae - effect of water table on bearing capacity - filed tests - bearing capacity from building codes - net bearing pressure - methods of improvement of soil bearing capacity - vibro flotation and sand drains 4. Settlement analysis: distribution of contact pressure - immediate and consolidation settlement - estimation of initial and final settlement under building loads - limitations in settlement computation - causes of settlement - permissible, total and differential settlements - cracks and effects of settlement Module III (10 hours) 5. Foundation - general consideration: functions of foundations - requisites of satisfactory foundations - different types of foundations - definition of shallow and deep foundation - selection of type of foundation - advantages and limitations of various types of foundations - open foundation excavations with unsupported slopes - supports for shallow and deep excavations - stress distribution in sheeting and bracing of shallow and deep excavations - stability of bottom of excavations 6. Footings: Individual, combined and continuous - design considerations - footings subjected to eccentric loading - procedure for proportioning footings for equal settlement 7. Raft foundations: bearing capacity equations - design considerations - conventional design procedure for rigid mat - uplift pressures - methods of resisting uplift - floating foundations Module IV (10 hours) 8. Pile foundations: uses of piles - classification of piles based on purpose and material - determination of type and length of piles - determination of bearing capacity of axially loaded single vertical pile - (static and dynamic formulae) - determination of bearing capacity by penetration tests and pile load tests (IS methods) - negative skin friction - group action and pile spacing - analysis of pile groups - load distribution by Culmann’s method 9. Caissons: open (well) caissons - box (floating) caissons - pneumatic caissons - construction details and design considerations of well foundations - types of drilled caissons and their construction details Note: Structural designs of foundations are not contemplated in this course.

Reference books 1. Joseph E. & Bowles, Foundation Analysis & Design, McGraw Hill 2. Leonards G.A., Foundation Engineering, McGraw Hill 3. Teng W.C., Foundation Design, PHI 4. Tomlinson M.J., Foundation Design & Construction, Pitman 5. Terzaghi & Peck, Soil Mechanics in Engineering Practice, Asia Publishing 6. Punmia B.C., Soil Mechanics & Foundations, Laxmi 7. Murthy V.N.S., Soil Mechanics & Foundations 8. Iqbal H. Khan, Geo-technical Engineering 9. Arora K.R., Soil Mechanics & Foundation Engg., Standard Publications

CE 396T: COMPUTER APPLICATIONS IN CIVIL ENGINEERING 3 1 0 3

A. Numerical Methods in Civil Engineering

Module I Introduction to Numerical Methods in Civil Engineering: importance of numerical methods in civil engineering - sources of errors in numerical methods - number representations - fixed and floating point numbers - significant digits - round off errors - development of computer algorithms - pseudo code Solution of Algebraic and Transcendental Equations in One Variable: bisection method - method of false position - Newton-Raphson method - successive approximation method - development of computer algorithms for each of the above methods System of Linear Algebraic Equations: solution of linear algebraic equations using Gauss elimination method and LU decomposition method - solution by iterative method - conditions of convergence-III conditioned system of equations Applications in Civil Engineering Problems Module II Eigen Value Problems: determination of eigen values and eigen vectors by Power method and Jacobi’s method Interpolation: Newton’s formulae - Gauss’ formulae - Lagrangian interpolation - Cubic spline interpolation Applications in Civil Engineering Problems Module III Numerical differentiation and integration: numerical differentiation using Newton’s formula - maximum and minimum values of tabulated functions - numerical integration - trapezoidal formula - Simpson’s formulae and Gauss quadrature - development of computer algorithms for numerical integration Numerical solution of ordinary differential equations: Taylor’s series method - Euler’s method - Runge-Kutta method - finite difference method for the solution of boundary value problems Applications in Civil Engineering Problems

B. Optimisation Methods in Civil Engineering

Module IV Linear programming problems: statement of an optimisation problem - linear and nonlinear programming problems - standard form of linear programming problems - applications of linear programming in civil engineering Introduction to nonlinear programming problems: (outline only - descriptive questions only are expected) - difficulties in nonlinear programming problems - unconstrained optimization problems - unimodal function - search methods - one dimensional minimization methods - Fibonacci and golden section methods - examples of one dimensional minimization problems in civil engineering Reference Books 1. Sastry S.S., Introductory Methods of Numerical Analysis, Prentice Hall of India 2. Scarborough J.B., Numerical Mathematical Analysis, Oxford & IBH 3. Chapra, S.C., and Canale, R.P., Numerical Methods for Engineers, McGraw Hill, Inc. 4. Rao S.S., Engineering Optimization - Theory & Applications, New Age International

Publishers

CE 397D: BUILDING DESIGN AND DRAWING 1 0 3 3 PART – A : PLANNING Module I

Introduction to environment – site and built up space relationships – Design as a human activity – principles of architectural design Function, Structure and appearance Evolution of architectural styles – Roman, Greek, Medieval and Modern architecture. Examples.

Module II Creative principles

Design methods – pragmatic, iconic, canonic and rational design methods – elements of composition – point, line, texture and colour etc. – organisation of elements – proportion, scale, rhythm balance and unity - Architectural examples – Design procedure, brief analysis, synthesis and communication

Module III Functional factors:

Lighting, ventilation, thermal and acoustics factors and their effects on architectural form Functional planning – Introduction to anthropometrics and ergonomics – Occupancy classification of buildings – Essentials of National Building Code – Essentials of Building and development rules.

Module IV Space planning of buildings such as residential, public and commercial – Design process – activity areas and linkages – proximity matrix – adjacency diagram – form development with respect to site conditions and functional requirements – Preparation of drawings – elementary perspective and rendering.

Note: Information in the form of sketch and images to be illustrated as a part of discussion. The objective of the course is to develop the capability for carrying out independent design. PART – B : DRAWING Planning, designing from given requirements of areas & specifications and preparation of sketch design and working drawings for: 1. Residential building

: Flat and pitched roof, economic domestic units, cottages, bungalows and flats.

2. Public building : Small public utility shelters, dispensaries banks, schools, offices, libraries, hostels restaurants, commercial complexes, factories etc.

3. Preparation of site plans and service plans as per building rules 4. Septic tank and soak pit – detailed drawings 5. Plumbing, water supply and drainage for buildings Reference books 1. National Building Code of India 2. Local Building Bye-laws 3. Callender, John Hancock, Time Saver Standards for Architectural Design Data,

McGraw Hill 4. Chiara, Callender, John Hancock, Time Saver Standards for Building Type, McGraw Hill 5. Chiara, Joseph De, Time Saver Standards for Site Planning, McGraw Hill 6. Ching, Francis D K, Architectural Graphics. .John Wiley 7. Ching, Frank, Architecture – Form, Space and Order.John Wiley 8. Ramsey, Sleeper, Architectural Graphic Standards, John Wiley 9. Scott, Robert Gillan, Design Fundamentals, Mc-Graw Hill. 10. Tessie Agan M.S., The House, Its Plan & Use, Oxford & IBH Publishing Co. 11. IS 5533 : 1969, Recommendation for Dimensions of Spaces for Human Activities.

B.I.S 12. IS 4963 : 1987, Recommendation for Buildings and facilities for the Physically

Handicapped. B.I.S 13. Shaw and Kale, Building Drawing, Tata Mc Graw Hill Publishers 14. Balagopal T S Prabhu, Building Drawing and Detailing, Spades Publishers

CE 367L ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING LABORATORY 0 0 2 1

1. Determination of solids (total, dissolved, organic, inorganic and settleable) in water

2. Determination of turbidity and the optimum coagulant dose 3. Determination of alkalinity and pH of water 4. Determination of hardness and chlorides in water 5. Determination of iron in water 6. Determination of manganese in water 7. Determination of sulphates and sulphides in water 8. Determination of D.O and B.O.D of waste water 9. Determination of available chloride in bleaching powder and the chlorine dose

required to treat the given water sample 10. Determination of coliforms in water

Reference book Standard method for the examination of water and wastewater, 1985, APHA, AWWA, WPCF Publication. CE 347L: GEOTECHNICAL ENGINEERING LAB

0 0 2 1

1. Specific gravity of coarse and fine grained soils

2. Grain size analysis (a) Sieve analysis (b) Pipette analysis

3. Atterberg limits and indices

4. Determination of field density (a) sand replacement method (b) core cutter method

5. Determination of coefficient of permeability by (a) Constant head method (b Variable head method

6. Consolidation test

7. Compaction test (a) IS light compaction test (b) IS heavy compaction test

8. California bearing ratio test

9. Direct shear test

10. Triaxial shear test

11. Unconfined compressive strength test

12. Laboratory vane shear test

Laboratory Practicals & Record = 75 Test = 25 Total = 100 marks

CE 398P MINI PROJECT

The mini project work can be a design/experimental/field surveying/ analytical/simulation project in any topic of Civil Engineering interest. The work can be done individually or by a group of students under the guidance of a faculty of the Department. Maximum number of students in a group shall be three. The faculty co-ordinator will co-ordinate the work of all students. Usually, the mini project is allotted at the beginning of the sixth semester and shall preferably be completed before the end of the sixth semester. A committee consisting of three or four faculty of the Department will carry out assessment of all mini projects. Students shall present the work carried out by them before the committee. They shall also prepare and submit a project report to the Department through their Guide.

CE 399P INDUSTRIAL TRAINING

Industrial training shall be as per norms of the Institute. The list of industries where students can undergo training will be approved and published by the Department. Period of training will be during vacation without affecting regular class work/examination. During the training, the student shall study/analyse the operation/process/design or the complete industry in detail. They shall submit a report in detail identifying the problems with their suggestion for solution and conclusions to the Department through the faculty co-ordinator assigned for the same at the end of the training period. The minimum duration of industrial training is 4 weeks. A committee consisting of three or four faculty of the Department will carry out assessment of the training. Students shall make a presentation before the committee.

Note: Industrial Training and Mini Project are two separate credit courses carrying one credit each. Any one of the two is compulsory for the BTch programme. Students can also opt for registering and crediting both Mini Project and Industrial Training. A student who has registered for both can withdraw from Industrial Training before the final evaluation.

CE 316T: ADVANCED STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS 3 1 0 3 1. Approximate methods of analysis of multistorey frames

Analysis for vertical load - substitute frames - loading condition for maximum positive and negative bending moment in beams and maximum bending moment in column - analysis for lateral load - portal method - cantilever method and factor method

2. Matrix analysis of structures Static and kinematic indeterminacy - force and displacement methods of analysis - definition of flexibility and stiffness influence coefficients - development of flexibility matrices by physical approach Flexibility method: flexibility matrices for truss and frame elements - load transformation matrix - development of total flexibility matrix of the structure - analysis of simple structures - plane truss and plane frame - nodal loads and element loads - lack of fit and temperature effects

Stiffness method: development of stiffness matrices by physical approach - stiffness matrices for truss and frame elements - displacement transformation matrix - development of total stiffness matrix - analysis of simple structures - plane truss and plane frame - nodal loads and element loads - lack of fit and temperature effects

3. Direct stiffness method

Introduction - element stiffness matrix - rotation transformation matrix - transformation of displacement and load vectors and stiffness matrix - equivalent nodal forces and load vectors - assembly of stiffness matrix and load vector - determination of nodal displacements and element forces - analysis of plane truss - plane frame (with numerical examples) - analysis of grid - space-truss and space-frame (without numerical examples)

4. Computer Implementation

A project on development of an analysis program using some of the above method is envisaged at this stage

5. Introduction to Analysis Packages

The numerical examples solved using the analysis program developed in the above to be verified using common commercial packages.

Reference books 1. Wang C.K., Matrix Methods of Structural Analysis, International Textbook

Company 2. Przemeineicki J.S., Theory of Matrix Structural Analysis, McGraw Hill 3. Gere J.M. & Weaver W., Analysis of Framed Structures, Affiliated East West

Press 4. Rajasekaran S. & Sankarasubramanian G., Computational Structural Mechanics,

PHI 5. Reddy C.S., Basic Structural Analysis, Tata McGraw Hill 6. Wilbur J.B. & Norris C.H., Elementary Structural Analysis, McGraw Hill

CE 318T : STOCHASTIC PROCESSES IN MECHANICS 3 1 0 3 Module – 1 (8 hours) Basic Probability Concepts : Events and Probability – Elements of Set Theory – Simple Events and Combination of Events – Venn Diagram - Mutually Exclusive Events and Collectively Exhaustive Events – De Morgan’s Rule – Basic Axioms of Probability – Conditional Probability – Statistical Independence – Theorem of Total Probability – Bayes’ Theorem. Module – II (12 hours) Analytical Models of Random Phenomena: Definition of a random Variable – Probability Distribution and Probability Density of Discrete and continuous Random Variables – Main Descriptors of a Random Variable (Mean, Mode, Median, Variance, Standard Deviation, Coefficient of Variation, Skewness and Kurtosis). Absolute Moments and central Moments – Moment Generating Functions, Characteristics Functions and Log Characteristic Functions – Cumulants. Useful Probability Distributions : The Normal Distribution – The Standard Normal Distribution – Lognormal Distribution – Binomial Distribution – Geometric Distribution – Negative Binomial Distribution – Poisson Process and Poisson Distribution – Hypergeometric Distribution – Beta Distribution – Gamma Distribution – Extreme Value Distributions – Joint and Conditional Probability Distributions – Covariance and Correlation – Conditional Mean and Variance. MODULE - III (8 hours) Probability Distributions of Functions of Random Variables: Functions of Single Random Variable – Single Function of Multiple Random Variables - Multiple Functions of Multiple Random Variables - Moments of Functions of Random Variables.

MODULE – IV (12 hours) Random Processes : Introduction – Ensemble Averages and Correlation Functions – Time Averages and Correlation Functions – Weakly Stationary and Strongly Stationary Random Processes – Ergodic Random Processes – Probability Density and Distribution Functions – Properties of Autocorrelation Functions – Fourier Transforms – Power Spectral Density functions – Wiener Khintchine Equations – Properties of Spectral Density Functions – Spectral Classification of Random Processes (Narrow band, Wide band, White noise) – Level crossing – Expected Frequency and Amplitude of Narrow Band Gaussian Processes – Rayleigh Distribution.

MODULE - V (12 hours) Response to Random Excitations : Introduction – Impulse Response Function and Frequency Response Function as Fourier Transform Pair - Response of a Linear System Function to Stationary Random Excitation – Response of a Single-Degree – of Freedom System to Random Excitation – Contour Integration – Joint Probability Distribution of Two random Variables – Joint Properties of Stationary Random Processes – Joint Properties of Ergodic Random Processes – Response Cross-Correlation Functions For Linear Systems – Response of Multi-Degree of Freedom Systems to Random Excitations – Response of One-dimensional Continuous systems to Random Excitations.

Text books 1. Ranganathan R., Reliability Analysis & Design of Structures, Tata McGraw Hill 2. Rao S.S., Engineering Optimization, New Age International (P) Ltd Reference books 1. Alfredo H., Ang S., Probability Concepts in Engineering Planning & Design, Wilson H-

Tang, Vol. I basic Principles, John Wiley 2. Alfredo H., Ang S., Probability Concepts in Engineering Planning & Design, Wilson H-

Tang, Vol. II Decision, Risks & Reliability, John Wiley 3. Madsen H.O., Krenk S. & Lind N.C., Methods of Structural Safety, Prentice Hall 4. Benjamin J.R., Probability, Statistics & Decision for Engineers, C. Allin Cornell,

McGraw Hill 5. Melchers R. E., Structural Reliability-Analysis & Prediction, Ellis Horwood Ltd. 6. Uri Krisch, Optimal Structural Design-Concepts, Methods & Application, McGraw Hill

CE 319T THEORY OF PLASTICITY 3 1 0 3 Module 1 (9 hours)

Preliminaries: Basic equations of theory of elasticity Index notation, equations of equilibrium, constitutive relations for isotropic bodies, strain-displacement relations, compatibility, displacement and traction boundary conditions, admissibility of displacement and stress fields, plane stress and plane strain problems.

Framework of Plastic Constitutive Relations Plastic behaviour in simple tension, generalisation of results in simple tension, yield surfaces, uniqueness and stability postulates, convexity of yield surface and normality rule, limit surfaces. Module 2 (10 hours)

Initial Yield Surfaces for Polycrystalline Metals Summary of general form of plastic constitutive equations, hydrostatic stress states and plastic volume change in metals, shear stress on a plane, the von Mises initial yield condition, the Tresca initial yield condition, consequences of isotropy.

Plastic Behaviour under Plane Stress Conditions Initial and subsequent yield surfaces in tension-torsion, the isotropic hardening model, the kinematic hardening model, yield surfaces made of two or more yield functions, piecewise linear yield surfaces, elastic perfectly plastic materials. Module 3 (10 hours)

Plastic Behaviour of Bar Structures Behaviour of a three bar truss, behaviour of a beam in pure bending, simply supported beam subjected to a central point load, fixed beams of an elastic perfectly plastic material, combined bending and axial force.

The Theorems of Limit Analysis Introduction, theorems of limit analysis, alternative statement of the limit theorems, the specific dissipation function. Module 4 (9 hours)

Limit analysis of beams and frames General features, examples of limit analysis of beams and frames, the method of combination of mechanisms.

Limit Analysis in Plane Stress and Plane Strain Discontinuities in stress and velocity fields, the Tresca yield condition in plane stress and plane strain, symmetrical internal and external notches in a rectangular bar, the punch problem in plane strain, remarks on friction.

Limit Analysis as a Programming Problem Restatement of limit theorems, application to trusses and beams, use of finite elements in programming problem, incremental methods of determining limit load. References 1 J.B. Martin, Plasticity: Fundamentals and General Results, MIT Press, London. 2 L.M. Kachanov, Fundamentals of the Theory of Plasticity, Mir Publishers, Moscow. 3 `Chakrabarty, J, Theory of Plasticity, McGraw Hill, New York.

CE 328T – PRE STRESSED CONCRETE 3 1 0 3

Module I (6 hours) Materials for prestressed concrete and prestressing systems High strength concrete and high tensile steel – tensioning devices – pretensioning systems – post tensioning systems. Module II (12 hours) Analysis of prestress and bending stresses Analysis of prestress – resultant stresses at a sector – pressure line or thrust line and internal resisting couple – concept of load balancing – losses of prestress – deflection of beams. Module III (6 hours) Strength of prestressed concrete sections in flexure, shear and torsion Types of flexural failure – strain compatibility method – IS:1343 code procedure – design for limit state of shear and torsion. Module IV (15 hours) Design of prestressed concrete beams and slabs Transfer of prestress in pre tensioned and post tensioned members – design of anchorage zone reinforcement – design of simple beams – cable profiles – design of slabs. Reference books 1. N. Krishna Raju, Prestressed concrete, Tata McGraw Hill 2. T.Y. Lin, Ned H. Burns, Design of Prestressed Concrete Structures, John Wiley & Sons. 3. P. Dayaratnam, Prestressed Concrete, Oxford & IBH 4. R. Rajagopalan, Prestressed Concrete.

CE 348T EARTH AND EARTH RETAINING STRUCTURES 3 1 0 3 Module I (10 hours) Introduction Earth dams – types of dams – selection of type of dam based on material availability – foundation conditions and topography Design details – crest, free board, upstream and down stream slopes, upstream and down stream slope protection – central and inclined cores – types and design of filters Seepage analysis and control – seepage through dam and foundations – control of seepage in earth dam and foundation Module II (10 hours) Stability analysis – critical stability conditions – evaluation of stability by Bishop’s and sliding wedge methods under critical conditions Construction techniques – methods of construction – quality control Instrumentation – measurement of pore pressures Earth pressure theories – Rankine’s and Coulomb’s earth pressure theories for cohesionless and cohesive backfills – computation of earth pressures for various cases – inclined – with surcharge – submerged and partly submerged – stratified backfills Module III (10 hours) Rigid retaining structures – active and passive earth pressures against gravity retaining walls – computation of earth pressures by Trial wedge method – a mathematical approach for completely submerged and partly submerged backfills – Perched water table – importance of capability tension in earth pressure. Graphical methods of earth pressure computation – trial wedge method for coulomb’s and Rankine’s conditions, for regular and irregular ground and wall conditions – Rebhan’s construction for active pressure – friction circle method – logarithmic spiral method. Design of gravity retaining wall – cantilever retaining walls Module IV (10 hours) Flexible retaining structure – type and methods of construction – design strength parameters – safety factor for sheet pile walls – computation of earth pressures against cantilever sheet piles in cohesionless and cohesive soils – anchored sheet piles – free earth method – fixed earth method – Rowe’s moment reduction method – stability of sheet piling Diaphragm walls and coffer dams – type of diaphragm walls and their construction techniques in various soil types – earth pressure on braced cuts and coffer dams – design of coffer dams

Reference books 1. Huntington, Earth pressure on retaining walls. 2. Bowles, Foundation Analysis and Design. 3. Jones, Earth Reinforcements & Soil structures. 4. Prakash, Ranjan & Sasan, Analysis & Design of Foundation & Retaining Structures.

CE 349T: ENVIRONMENTAL GEOTECHNICS 3 1 0 3 Module I (10 hours) Introduction to environmental geotechnology –Regulatory requirements – waste characteristics – Geo chemistry – Geochemical attenuation – ground water monitoring techniques. Contaminant transport – Transport process diffusion – dispersion – Advection – dispersion Analytical solutions Introduction to Hydrogeology – Hydraulic conductivity – Infiltration and recharge – flow in unsaturated soils – flow in saturated soils Module II (9 hours) Landfills and impoundments – objectives of waste disposal facilities – siting of land fills – contaminant technology – disposal unit. Leachate and gas generation – Landfill microbiology – Microbiology of refuse composition – Impact of hazardous waste on leachate and gas characteristics. Module III (10 hours) Liners – Natural clay liners – compacted clay liners – requirements of clay liners – Geo synthetic clay liners – Geomembrane liners Module IV (10 hours)

Leachate collection and removal systems – Primary and Secondary leachate – collection and removal systems gas collection and removal systems – water balance for land fills – slope stability analysis of land fills – Mine waste disposal systems – Geophysical techniques for site characterization sampling techniques – percussion drilling techniques – Testing of samples.

Design of Cover systems – Recovery well design Bio remediation Techniques.

Reference books 1. David.E.Daniel, Geotechnical practice for waste disposal – Chapman & Hall

London. 2. Masashi Kamon, editor – Balkema, Environmental Geotechnics, - Rotterdan 1996

CE 357T: COMPUTER APPLICATIONS IN HYDRO ENGINEERING 3 1 0 3 Module I Review of Basic Hydraulic Principles – General flow characteristics, Energy and momentum principles and Equations, Pressure and free surface flows, HGL and TEL, Major and minor losses, Computer applications to simple flow problems, Introduction to SAP. Storm Sewer Design and Gravity Piping Systems – Review of basic hydrologic principles, Gradually varied flow, Mixed flow profiles, Storm Sewer Applications. Module II Drainage Inlet Design, Culvert Hydraulics and Design. Pressure Piping Systems & Water Quality Analysis – Analysis and design of water distribution systems Introduction to Some Packages such as Flow Master, Storm CAD, Culvert Master, Water CAD, and Sewer CAD and EPANET.

Module III Flow Routing - Hydrologic and hydraulic methods of routing, Sanitary sewer design including extended period simulation and routing.

Watershed modeling – Basic principles – Introduction to SWMM Module IV Water Quality modeling in streams- Basic models, Introduction to software packages. Ground water quality modeling Introduction to remote sensing and GIS applications and web based applications

Reference books 1. Michael. M. Meadows & Thomas M Walski, Computer Applications in Hydraulic

Engineering, Haestad Press, 2001. 2. QIP Short Term Course Notes, Advanced IT Applications in Civil Engineering :

IIT, Kharagpur, 2001. 3. L.W. Mays, John Wiley and Sons, Water Resources Engineering, 2001. 4. S.C.Chapra, Surface Water Quality Modeling, McGraw Hill, Inc., 1997.

CE 358T: REMOTE SENSING AND GIS APPLICATIONS 3 1 0 3

Module I Concepts and foundations of remote sensing- electromagnetic spectrum, energy sources and radiation principles, energy interactions in the atmosphere and with earth surface features, data acquisition and interpretation, reference data, ideal remote sensing systems, characteristics of real remote sensing systems. Classification of maps, map scale, spatial reference system, map projections, grid systems, linkage of GIS to remote sensing. Radar principle- Factors affecting microwave measurements, radar wavebands, SLAR systems, interaction between microwaves and earth’s surface. Elements of photographic systems - film exposure, film density and characteristic curves, spectral sensitivity of black and white films, colour film and colour infrared film, filters, aerial cameras, film resolution, electronic and multi band imaging, aerial videography. Basic principles of photogrammetry – geometrical characteristics of aerial photographs, photographic scale, ground coverage, area measurement, relief displacement of vertical features, image parallax, ground control, mapping.

Module II Remote sensing platforms and sensors - Satellite system parameters, sensor parameters, imaging sensor systems, earth resources and meteorological satellites with microwave sensors, scanners, radiometers. The Indian Remote Sensing Program. Data types and format, scale and legend. Visual Image Interpretation - types of pictorial data products, fundamentals of visual image interpretation, equipment, image interpretation strategy, process of image interpretation, key elements of visual image interpretation, false colour composites, application in natural resources management. Digital Image Processing - Basic character of a digital image, image rectification & restoration, preprocessing, registration, enhancement, contrast, spatial feature and multi image manipulation, spatial filtering, image transformations, image classification, performance analysis, data merging and GIS integration. Module III GIS overview – what is GIS, components, definitions & terminology, uses, GIS queries & architecture, theoretical models & framework, GIS technology trends, data sources, collection, and entry, data formats & standards, types of analysis, spatial data modeling, GIS data management, database models, storage of data, object based GIS models, data input & editing, data quality issues.

Data analysis & modeling – integration of remote sensing & GIS.

Module IV Application of Remote Sensing& GIS in natural resources management with specific reference to impact of mining activities on environment, biodiversity, coastal zone protection, flood management , forest protection, monitoring urban growth, managing watersheds & water resources, hydrologic modeling, preventing natural disasters etc.

Reference books 1. Thomas. M. Lillesand and Ralph. W. Kiefer, Remote Sensing and Image

Interpretation :, John Wiley and Sons, Inc., 2002 2. M. Anji Reddy, Text Book of Remote Sensing and Geographical Information

Systems:, B.S. Publications, 2001 3. Ian Heywood, Sarah Cornelius, and Steve Carver, An Introduction to Geographical

Information Systems, Pearson Education Asia, 2001 4. George. B. Korte, The GIS Book:, Onward Press, Thomson Learning, 2001 5. D. P. Rao, Association of Exploration Geophysicists, 1995, Remote Sensing for Earth

Resources

6. L.R.A. Narayan, Remote Sensing and its Applications, Universities Press, 1999 7. P. A. Burrough and Rachael. A. McDonnel, Principles of Geographical Information

Systems:, Oxford University Press, 1998 8. E. T. Engman & R. J. Gurney, Remote Sensing in Hydrology :, Chapman and Hall,

1991.

CE 359T ENVIRONMENTAL HYDRAULICS 3 1 0 3

Module I Fundamental relationships for flow and transport - general principles, instantaneous equation for fluid flow and transport, Reynold’s time-averaged mean flow and transport equations, model resolution, solution techniques, data requirements. Measurement and analysis of flow - measurement of velocity and flow, tracer studies, estimating design flows.

Module II Models for rivers and streams - completely mixed systems - reaction kinetics, mass balance and steady state solution, particular solutions, feed-forward systems of reactors, feed-back systems of reactors, computer methods. Incompletely mixed systems - diffusion, distributed systems – steady and unsteady cases, steady state solutions, simple time variable solutions. Module III Rivers and streams- stream hydro-geometry, low- flow analysis, dispersion and mixings, flow model complexity and data requirements, estimating mixing in streams and rivers, hydraulic methods for steady and unsteady flows and solution techniques, routing and water quality problems Mixing in lakes and reservoirs, water balance.

Transport and mixing in estuaries Module IV BOD and oxygen saturation, Streeter-Phelps equation, point and distributed sources. Hydraulic analysis for grit chamber and upstream components, primary clarifier, aeration basin, final clarifier and chlorine contact basin in a typical water treatment plant.

Reference books 1. Surface Water Quality Modeling : Steven. C. Chapra, McGraw Hill, Inc., 1997 2. Hydrodynamics & Transport for Water Quality Modeling . James L Martin &

Steven C. McCutcheon, Lewis Publishers 3. Treatment Plant Hydraulics for Environmental Engineers : Larry D. Benfield,

Joseph. F. Judkins, and A. David Parr. 1984.

CE 368T ADVANCED ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING 3 1 0 3 Module I (10 hours) Advances in setting of water and wastewater, tube settlers, dual media and multimedia filters, microfilters Removal of taste and odour, colour, activated carbon treatment - modern methods of disinfection – chlorine dioxide disinfection Module II (10 hours) Stream sanitation – courses and effects of river pollution – kinetics of stabilization – zones of pollution in a stream – self purification of natural waters. Module III (10 hours) Advances in waste water treatment – extended aeration – bio filtration – tertiary treatment – recovery of materials from process of fluents Module IV (12 hours) Control of specific air pollutant – control of sulphur dioxide– control of nitrogen oxides – carbon monoxide control – control of hydro carbons Noise pollution – instruments and techniques for noise measurement Reference books 1. Metcalf & Eddy, Waste Water Engineering Treatment Disposal Reuse, Tata McGraw Hill

3rd edition 2. Clarence, J.Velz, Applied Stream Sanitation, John Wiley and sons 3. C.S Rao, Environmental Pollution Control Engineering, New Age India International (P)

Ltd. 4. Liptak Bella G, Environmental Engineer’s Handbook, Chilten Book Co.

CE 388T: TRAFFIC ENGINEERING 3 1 0 3

Scope of traffic engineering – study of its elements – traffic engineering studies and analyses – design of at-grade intersections – design of grade separated intersections – design of pedestrian facilities – traffic regulations – planning & design of traffic management measures – design of traffic signals – signal coordination – air & noise pollution due to road traffic Module I (7 hours) Scope of traffic engineering & study of its elements - introduction - objectives and scope of traffic engineering - components of road traffic - vehicle, driver and road - road user and vehicle characteristics and their effect on road traffic - traffic maneuvers Module II (9 hours) Traffic engineering studies and analysis - objectives - methods- equipment - data collection - analysis and interpretation (including case studies) of (a) speed and delay, (b) origin and destination, (c) parking, (d) accident & other studies Module III (12 hours) Design, regulation and management of traffic engineering facilities - control of traffic movements through time sharing and space sharing concepts - design of channelising islands, T, Y, skewed, staggered, roundabout, mini-roundabout and other forms of at-grade crossings including provision for safe crossing of pedestrians and cyclists - grade separated intersections - their warrants and design features - bus stop location and bus bay design - road lighting - regulations on vehicles, drivers and traffic - planning and design of traffic management measures :one-way streets, reversible lanes and roadways, turn regulation, transit and carpool lanes – planning and design of pedestrian facilities. Module IV (11 hours) Traffic control devices & environmental control - different methods of signal design - redesign of existing signals including case studies - signal coordination - air & noise pollution of different transport modes - visual impacts - impacts on land development - technological approaches to improving environment

Reference books 1. Pignatyaro L., Traffic Engineering - Theory & Practice, John Wiley 2. Kadiyali L.R., Traffic and Transport Planning, Khanna Publishers 3. The Institute of Transportation Engineers, Transportation and Traffic

Engineering Hand Book, Prentice Hall, Chapters 8,17,21,23 and 24 4. O’ Flaherty C.A., Highways-Traffic Planning & Engineering, Edward Arnold 5. McShane W.R. & Roess R.P., Traffic Engineering, Prentice Hall 6. IRC-SP41, Guidelines for the Design of At-Grade Intersections in Rural & Urban

Areas 7. Salter R.J., Highway Traffic Analysis and Design, ELBS 8. Matson, Smith & Hurd, Traffic Engineering, McGraw Hill Book Co.

CE 397T ADVANCED SURVEYING 3 1 0 3 Module 1 (9 hours) Geodesy : Figure of earth – spherical trigonometry – convergence of meridians – Parallel of latitude – computation of spherical coordinates and determination of bearing and distance. Module II (10 hours) Map Projection: Introduction - Methods of Projection – electronic distance measurement –geodimeter - total station – global positioning system. Module III (10 hours) Photogrammetry – terrestrial and aerial Photogrammetry – heights and distances from Photographs – flight Planning – stereoscopy – Photo mosaic – Photo interpretation – applications of Photogrammetry. Module IV (10 hours) Remote sensing – introduction – electromagnetic radiation – target interactions – remote sensing systems – remote sensing from space – applications of remote sensing.

Reference books 1. Punmia .B.C., Surveying – Vol. III, Laxmi Publications. 2. Joshi M.D. & Jawaharlal Sharma, Text Book of Advanced Surveying, CBS

Publishers. 3. Agor,R.Advanced Surveying, Khanna Publishers. 4. Arora.K.R., Surveying – Vol III, Standard Publishers. 5. Ram Pal K.K. Text Book of Photogrammetry, Oxford Publishers.

CE 413T : FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS Module I (13 hours) Introduction: the finite element method - the element characteristic matrix - element assembly and solution for unknowns - summary of finite element history - basic equations of elasticity - strain-displacement relations - theory of stress and deformation - stress-strain-temperature relations

3 1 0 3

The direct stiffness method: structure stiffness equations - properties of [K] - solution of unknowns - element stiffness equations - assembly of elements - node numbering to exploit matrix sparsity - displacement boundary conditions - gauss elimination solution of equations - conservation of computer storage - computational efficiency - stress computation - support reactions - summary of the finite element procedure Module II (13 hours) Stationary principles, Rayleigh-Ritz and interpolation: principle of stationary potential energy - problems having many d.o.f - potential energy of an elastic body - the Rayleigh-Ritz method - piecewise polynomial field - finite element form of Rayleigh-Ritz method - finite element formulations derived from a functional - interpolation - shape functions for C0 and C1 elements - lagrangian interpolation functions for two and three dimensional elements Displacement based elements for structural mechanics: formulae for element stiffness matrix and load vector - overview of element stiffness matrices - consistent element nodal vector - equilibrium and compatibility in the solution - convergence requirements - patch test - stress calculation - other formulation methods Straight sided triangles and tetrahedral: natural coordinates for lines - triangles and tetrahedral - interpolation fields for plane triangles - linear and quadratic triangle - quadratic tetrahedron Module III (13 hours) The isoparametric formulation: introduction - an isoparametric bar element - plane bilinear element - summary of gauss quadrature - quadratic plane elements - direct construction of shape functions for transition elements - hexahedral (solid) isoparametric elements - triangular isoparametric elements - consistent element nodal loads - validity of isoparametric elements - appropriate order of quadrature - element and mesh instabilities - remarks on stress computation Coordinate transformation: transformation of vectors - transformation of stress, strain and material properties - transformation of stiffness matrices - transformation of flexibility to stiffness - inclined support - joining dissimilar elements to one another- rigid links - rigid elements Module IV (13 hours) Bending flat plates: plate bending theory - finite elements for plates - triangular discrete Kirchoff element - boundary conditions Introduction to weighted residual method: some weighted residual methods - galerkin finite element method - integration by parts - axially loaded bar - beam - plane elasticity Topics in structural mechanics: d.o.f within elements - condensation - condensation and recovery algorithm - substructuring - structural symmetry Reference books 1. Desai C.S., Elementary Finite Element Method, Prentice Hall of India 2. Chandrupatla T.R. & Belegundu A.D., Introduction to Finite Elements in Engineering, Prentice

Hall of India 3. Bathe K.J., Finite Element Procedures in Engineering Analysis, Prentice Hall of India 4. Gallaghar R.H., Finite Element Analysis: Fundamentals, Prentice Hall Inc. 5. Rajasekaran S., Finite Element Analysis in Engineering Design, Wheeler Pub. 6. Krishnamoorthy C. S., Finite Element Analysis - Theory and Programming, Tata McGraw Hill 7. Zienkiewics O.C. & Taylor R.L., The Finite Element Method, Vol I & II, McGraw Hill